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Power System Design and Analysis Report

The document outlines the design and analysis of a power system involving a 10 bus transmission system, including contingency and short circuit analyses. Two alternatives for the transmission lines were presented, with the second alternative being chosen for its lower total length and cost. The report concludes with the selection of appropriate circuit breakers based on fault current calculations to ensure system protection.

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Tanzeela Khalid
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15 views13 pages

Power System Design and Analysis Report

The document outlines the design and analysis of a power system involving a 10 bus transmission system, including contingency and short circuit analyses. Two alternatives for the transmission lines were presented, with the second alternative being chosen for its lower total length and cost. The report concludes with the selection of appropriate circuit breakers based on fault current calculations to ensure system protection.

Uploaded by

Tanzeela Khalid
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EE411 CEP

POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

DESIGN A POWER SYSTEM, PERFORM


CONTINGENCY ANALYSIS AND SHORT
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS AT POWER WORLD
ANALYSIS

NAME: ABU SUFIYAN , AMEER HAMZA


REG NO: 2021089,2021049
DATE: 15/12/2024
INTRODUCTION:
In this project we are designing a power system based on the given requirements. Not
only do we have to design the power system but we also have to perform contingency
analysis and choose circuit breakers based on a short circuit analysis. This report will
detail the design process, analysis of the short circuit report and analysis of contingency
report. The project asks to design a 10 bus transmission system with load at each bus
except 1,2 and 3 bus. Bus 1,2 and 3 has two generators each of 35 MVA attached to
them. We have to come up with two alternatives and choose one alternative and perform
N-2 contingency analysis on it as well as fault analysis on it. The report will be divided
into tasks.

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM DESIGN:

DESIGN PROCESS:
The system design mainly consists of choosing the lines with the minimum possible
distance while still overcoming the contingency problems. So we have chosen two
alternatives. Both alternatives have been chosen based on an intuitive approach rather
than any formal calculations however it is possible to to choose the best possible
alternative using Dynamic programming which is a very advanced concept used in
Power system operation and control. As that is too advanced so we are going with a
more intuitive approach of choosing the lines with the minimum possible cost.

Design Objectives and Constraints:


• Objective Function: Minimize the total investment cost of transmission lines, proportional to their
lengths.

• Operating Constraints:
 Generator Limits: Active and reactive power output and voltage levels within specified
ranges.
 Bus Voltage Range: Maintain voltage levels between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu for all load buses.
 Power Flow Capacity: Ensure all lines operate below their maximum capacity of 100 MVA.
 Reliability: Prevent islanding operations, including under N-1 contingency conditions.

Assumptions and Simplifications


• Shunt capacitors/reactors (10 MVAr units) were added where necessary to maintain voltage stability.
• Transformers were excluded from the network for simplicity.
ALTERNATIVE # 1:

FROM BUS TO BUS LENGTH (Km)


1 10 209
1 4 80
2 4 74
2 10 134
2 5 48
5 8 61
8 10 69
1 3 68
3 10 219
3 6 80
6 4 56
6 9 45
9 7 56
7 10 48
TOTAL = 1247
ALTERNATIVE # 2:

In this alternative we have chosen the following lines with their costs.
FROM BUS TO BUS LENGTH (Km)
1 4 80
2 4 74
1 1 68
2 8 89
3 6 80
4 9 58
4 6 56
5 8 61
6 9 45
7 9 56
7 10 69
8 10 48
TOTAL = 784
LOAD FLOW:
Load flow report is attached at the end. In the load flow report we can see that none of
the voltages are above limits so in base case or in normal circumstance we don’t need to
deal with voltage limit problems

N-1 CONTINGENCY ANALYSIS:


The N-1 contingency analysis report is attached below.

Using the final selected transmission system design, an N-1 contingency analysis was
conducted. The analysis was performed to evaluate the system's performance under the
loss of a single component, such as a transmission line, generator, or shunt device. The
results of the automated N-1 contingency analysis generated in PowerWorld Simulator
are included in the report.

N-2 CONTINGENCY ANALYSIS:


The N-2 contingency analysis report is attached below.
PowerWorld Simulator does not directly generate N-2 contingency reports. Therefore,
the analysis was conducted manually by simulating the loss of two components
simultaneously across multiple combinations, including transmission lines, generators,
and shunt [Link] most severe fault scenario was identified and analyzed in detail.
Despite the simultaneous loss of two components, the system performed reliably with
only minor violations that were within acceptable limits. The results confirm the
robustness of the designed system.

Short Circuit Analysis and Circuit Breaker Selection


This section details the short circuit analysis conducted on the final design and the selection of
appropriate circuit breakers to protect the system. The analysis includes fault current calculations
for various fault types and the determination of breaker ratings based on these results.
Fault Analysis
• Fault current simulations were performed for the following fault types:
o Single-phase to ground faults.
o Two-phase faults.
o Two-phase to ground faults.
o Three-phase faults.
• Fault currents were calculated at each bus to determine the severity of potential faults.
Circuit Breaker Selection
• Suitable circuit breakers were selected for:

Transmission lines at both ends.


Connection points of generators and loads.

• Breakers were chosen based on their ability to handle maximum fault currents while meeting
system protection requirements.
• All assumptions and planning decisions regarding breaker selection were justified.

Based on the given ratings:

 Current Rating: 3150 Amps


 Voltage Rating: 145 KV

Selected Circuit Breaker:

ABB ELK-145

 Current Rating: 3150 A


 Voltage Rating: 145 KV
 Manufacturer: ABB

Common questions

Powered by AI

The ABB ELK-145 circuit breaker was selected because it meets system protection requirements by handling maximum fault currents expected in the design. Its specifications include a current rating of 3150 Amps and a voltage rating of 145 KV .

N-2 contingency analysis involves evaluating the system's performance under the simultaneous loss of two components, like transmission lines or generators, while N-1 analysis considers the loss of a single component. The findings from the N-2 analysis showed that the power system performed reliably with only minor violations within acceptable limits, confirming the robustness of the designed system despite the simultaneous loss of two components .

PowerWorld Simulator was used for carrying out contingency analysis. Its limitation, specifically for N-2 contingency analysis, is that it does not directly generate N-2 reports. Therefore, the N-2 analysis had to be conducted manually by simulating the loss of two components simultaneously .

The main objective of designing a power transmission system is to minimize the total investment cost of transmission lines, which is proportional to their lengths. The constraints that must be considered include generator limits (active and reactive power output and voltage levels within specified ranges), maintaining bus voltage levels between 0.95 pu and 1.05 pu, ensuring power flow capacity is below the maximum capacity of 100 MVA for all lines, and preventing islanding operations, including under N-1 contingency conditions .

Dynamic programming was mentioned as a method for selecting transmission alternatives, as it offers an advanced approach to power system operation and control. However, it was not used in this project because the approach was considered too advanced, and a more intuitive approach of selecting lines with minimal possible cost was chosen instead .

Shunt capacitors/reactors, with 10 MVAr units, were added where necessary to maintain voltage stability within the system. Transformers were excluded from the network to simplify the design process .

The N-1 contingency analysis evaluates the power system's operation after the failure of a single component, such as a transmission line or generator, ensuring the system operates reliably without violating operational constraints. The outcome in this document’s analysis showed that the system could handle such failures effectively, indicating good reliability and robustness of the design under these conditions .

Dynamic programming offers a structured and potentially optimal approach by systematically solving complex problems through simpler subproblems, which can provide more precise and economically efficient transmission system designs. In contrast, the intuitive approach used in the project is simpler and based on judgment skills but may not always yield the optimal design compared to dynamic programming .

Short circuit analysis in power system design involves performing simulations to calculate fault currents under various fault types, such as single-phase to ground faults, two-phase faults, two-phase to ground faults, and three-phase faults. The purpose is to determine the severity of potential faults at each bus and select appropriate circuit breakers that can handle the maximum fault currents, ensuring system protection and reliability .

In power system design, an objective function represents a mathematical expression aimed at minimizing or maximizing certain parameters, guiding the design process. In this document, the objective function was to minimize the total investment cost of transmission lines, which directly influences the choices of line routes and other design decisions .

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