Mr. Alimark P.
Jaugan GLOBAL SECURITY: The system of military
GE3: THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD alliances, peacekeeping missions, and
international agreements aimed at
maintaining peace and stability, including
Global Interstate System organizations like NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization).
WHAT IS THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM? INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: Institutions
like the United Nations (UN), World Trade
The global interstate system refers to the Organization (WTO), and International
relationships and interactions between sovereign Monetary Fund (IMF) that facilitate
states, which are countries that govern themselves cooperation, governance, and regulations
independently. These countries work together on between countries.
different issues, like trade, security, and climate
change. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
(NGOs): Organizations that operate
WHAT ENCOMPASSES THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE independently of national governments, like
SYSTEM? the Red Cross or Amnesty International, which
often play a role in humanitarian or policy
A Nation and State is a political entity that has four advocacy.
essential characteristics:
DIPLOMACY AND FOREIGN POLICY: The
POPULATION: A state must have people, strategies and negotiations carried out by
although the size and diversity of the nation-states to advance their interests and
population can vary widely from one state to maintain international relations, including
another. alliances, treaties, and international
agreements.
TERRITORY: A state has defined geographic
boundaries within which it exercises control. INTERNATIONAL LAW: Rules and agreements
The size of the territory also varies, but its that govern the conduct of states, international
borders are recognized internationally. organizations, and other entities on the global
stage, such as treaties, conventions, and
customary international law.
WHAT IS A STATE?
HOW DO COUNTRIES COMMUNICATION AND WORK
GOVERNMENT: The state has a system of
TOGETHER?
governance that recognizes and enforces
laws, policies, and decisions within its territory. It
International Relations (IR) theories are
ensures order, provides public services, and
frameworks used to analyze and interpret
represents the state internationally.
global politics. Each theory offers a different
perspective on why states interact the way
SOVEREIGNITY: A state is sovereign, meaning it
they do and how international systems are
has supreme authority over its territory and
structured.
population. This allows the state to make
independent decisions, enforce laws, and
REALISM AND INTERSTATE SYSTEM
manage external relations without interference
from other states.
Realists believe that the international system is
anarchic, meaning there is no global authority to
WHAT ENCOMPASSES THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE
enforce rules. As a result, states act primarily in their
SYSTEM?
self-interest, seeking power and security to survive.
GLOBAL ECONOMY: The network of
LIBERALISM AND THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM
international trade, finance, and investment
that ties economies together, influence by
Liberalism focuses on the potential for cooperation
economic policies, trade agreements, and
among states. It argues that through international
financial institutions.
organizations, trade, and diplomacy, states can
work together to achieve common goals, such as
peace and economic development.
CONSTRUCTIVISM AND THE INTERSTATE SYSTEM
Constructivism suggests that international relations
are shaped by ideas, beliefs, and identities of
states, rather than material factors like power or
wealth.
WORLD SYSTEM THEORY
World Systems Theory is a way of
understanding how different countries around
the world interact with each other
economically and politically. It focuses on the
global economic system and explains how
wealth and power are distributed among
countries. The theory divides the world into
three types of countries: core, periphery, and
semi-periphery.
The core countries maintain their wealth and
power by controlling and exploiting the
resources and labor of the periphery
countries. Semi-periphery countries fall
somewhere in the middle, benefitting from
some wealth but still being dependent on the
core.
DEPENDENCY THEORY
Dependency Theory is an economic theory
that explains the persistent inequality between
wealthy and poor countries. It argues that
poorer countries (often referred to as
periphery or developing countries) remain
poor because of their economic
dependence on wealthier, more developed
countries (core or developed countries).