Control
Components:
1
Timers:
A timer is a control device that
outputs a signal at a preset time
after an input signal is received.
Timers:
Operating Modes of Timers:
ON-delay operation OFF-delay Operation Flicker Operation
ON-delay operation OFF-delay Operation Flicker Operation
the output turns ON at the same
The Timer receives an input and
time as the input and then the An output repeatedly turns ON
then an output signal is output by
output turns OFF when the Timer and OFF at the set time after an
switching the Timer contacts after
contacts switch after the set time input is received.
a set time delay.
has expired.
This name is used because there
is a delay between when the
The set time is calculated from
input signal is received (i.e., turns --------------------------------------------
when the input turns OFF.
ON) and when the output signal
is output
This name is used because there
Is the operating mode most often is a delay between when the input
used for automated machines. --------------------------------------------
turns OFF and when the output
turns OFF.
2-Counters:
A Counter is a device that counts the number of objects or
the number of operations. It is called a Counter because it
counts the number of ON/OFF signals input from an input
device, such as a switch or sensor.
It is simple for people to count ten or
twenty objects, but larger numbers make
counting increasingly difficult. Counters
outperform people when it comes to
counting accurately.
There are two types of Counters:
1 Present Counters: 2 Total Counters:
A Preset Counter counts until the present A Total Counter does not output a
value reaches a preset value, and then it control signal. It only displays the
activates a control output to operate an present value.
output device. A Total Counter is often used when you
The term preset in Preset Counter means that only have to display a production
you can set a value in advance. count,
3-Temperature Controller:
A Temperature Controller is a device that is used to control a heater or other
equipment by comparing a sensor signal with a set point and performing
calculations according to the deviation between those values.
Devices that can handle sensor signals other than for temperature, such as
humidity, pressure, and flow rate, are called Controllers.
Electronic controllers are specifically called Digital Controllers.
3-Temperature Controller:
Temperature Controllers control temperature so that the process value will be the
same as the set point, but the response will differ due to the characteristics of the
controlled object and the control method of the Temperature Controller.
Typically, there is two types of Control:
1 2
ON/OFF PID
4- Cam Positioner:
Traditionally, a mechanical cam and limit switch
(or a photoelectric sensor or other sensor) were
used to detect rotational angles.
A Cam Positioner electrically achieves the
function of traditional mechanical cams.
A Cam Positioner reads the angle data from an input detection device
(Encoder) and turns an output ON and OFF according to preset ON/OFF
angles (called the cam program).
5- Thermal Overload Relay:
Thermal overload relays are designed to provide
electromechanical protection to motors against
overloading from drawing excessive input currents
from the main circuit.
These electronic components can provide great
protection against permanent electrical damages
during electrical anomalies like phase failure and
over voltages.
The thermal overload relays allow harmless, temporary overloads to pass through the
circuit without disrupting the electrical circuit and only trip the open circuit when they detect
any flow of current at unnaturally high levels, thus protecting the connected motor from any
electrical damage.
6- Motor protection circuit
breaker:
Also known as a motor circuit breaker, a motor protection circuit
breaker is a switchgear device which includes both overload and
short circuit protection in a single compact frame.
It differs from a standard MCB (miniature circuit breaker) in that it
allows the user to preset the exact motor sizing for accurate
protection.
Motor circuit breakers are very common in industrial motor starting
applications.