VIVEKANANDA MISSION SCHOOL
PHYSICS
STUDY MATERIAL CLASS IX
SOUND
PART- III
Dearstudents,
Todaywewillstart tolearnaboutnextPART ofthe
chapter “ SOUND “(Chapter No.7), which
includesthetopicsinthispartIII-Characteristics of
Sound – loudness - pitch – quality&their
correspondingobjectiveproperties –graphical
comparison among them.
After every discussions and worked out numerical
ofatopic,fewprobablequestions&numericalare given
as an Assignment . You must practice it for your
properunderstandingandpreparation.
2
CharacteristicsofSound
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Twotypesofcharacteristics
subjective objective Quantity [Link]
1. Loudness 1. intensity loudness phon
2. Pitchorshrillness 2. frequency Soundlevel decibel(dB)
3. Qualityor Timbre
3. waveform intensity watt/[Link]
Loudness: Loudness is the characteristic by Pitch(shrillness):Pitch is that characteristic of
virtueofwhichaloudsound canbedistinguished sound byvirtueofwhichanacuteorshrillednote can
from a faint one , both having the same pitch be distinguished from flat or grave note , both
and quality. having same loudness and quality.
Factors ofloudness: Pitchdependsonlyonfrequency.
Amplitude(a):directlyproportional Quality(timbre):Qualityisthatcharacteristic of
sound by virtue of which two sounds of same
to the square of amplitude (a2) pitch and loudness emitted from two
Distancefrom source(d):inversely different sources can be distinguished
proportionaltosquareofdistance. because of their different wave forms.
Surfacearea ofvibratingbody: Quality depends only on wave forms or
Largerthesurfacearea,louderissound. wave patterns. The quality of a musical
Density of the medium: More the sound depends on the number of the
densityofmedium,moreistheloudness. subsidiarynotesorharmonicsand
Presence of resonant bodies : their relative amplitudes present in it .
increaseswiththepresenceofresonant Moreistheharmonicspresent,
bodies higher is the quality of music.
4
Music&Noise
Music is a pleasant, continuous and uniform sound produced by regular and periodic vibrations.
Noiseisasoundproducedbyanirregularsuccessionofdisturbances,discontinuous, discordantand
unpleasant to the ear.
5
Graphicalcomparisonofdifferentloudness,pitch
&quality notes
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ProbableQuestions
7
1. Define(a)freevibration(b)dampedvibration(c)forced vibration.
2. WritedowntwodifferencesbetweenForcedvibration&resonance.
3. Draw [Link] vibration.
4. Howdoesthefrequency of soundgivenby a stretchedstring dependon its
(a) length (b) tension?
5. Onkeepingthestemofa vibratingtuningfork onthesurfaceofa table,
[Link] .
6. Whyarethestringedinstrumentslikeguitarprovidedwithahollow
sound box?
7. When a troop crosses a bridge,thesoldiersareaskedto
break their steps. Explain it.
8. Howdoyoutuneyourradiosettoaparticularstation?Namethe
phenomenoninvolvedin doingsoanddefineit.
9. Define-(a)loudness(b)pitch(c)quality
10. Writedownthreefactorsofloudnessandalsostatetheirrelations.
11. Whatismeantbysoundpollution?Nameonesourceofit.
12. Comparegraphically-(a)loud&softnote(b)differentquality notes.
13. [Link]?
14. Twowavesofsamepitchhaveratioofamplitudes4:[Link]
(a) loudness(b) frequencies.
15. Two identical guitarsare played by two artists to give notes of same
loudnessand pitch. Will theydiffer in quality? Explain your answer.
Some interestinglinkstoget betterconceptinvibrations:
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]