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Periodic Signals and Sampling Analysis

The document consists of various exercises related to signal processing, including determining periodicity and fundamental periods of signals, calculating Nyquist rates, and analyzing quantization noise. It also covers sampling rates, discrete signal transformations, and the impact of quantization on audio quality. Each exercise presents specific tasks to be solved, often requiring calculations and comparisons of results.

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13 views10 pages

Periodic Signals and Sampling Analysis

The document consists of various exercises related to signal processing, including determining periodicity and fundamental periods of signals, calculating Nyquist rates, and analyzing quantization noise. It also covers sampling rates, discrete signal transformations, and the impact of quantization on audio quality. Each exercise presents specific tasks to be solved, often requiring calculations and comparisons of results.

Uploaded by

xyz abc
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Ex1

• Determine which of the following signals are periodical and


compute their fundamental period
• cos 0.01𝜋𝑛
𝜋30𝑛
• cos
105
• cos 3𝜋𝑛
• sin 3𝑛
62𝑛
• sin 𝜋
10
Ex2
• Determine which of the following signals are periodical and
compute their fundamental period
𝜋
• 𝑥𝑎 𝑡 = 3 cos 5𝑡 +
6
𝜋
• 𝑥 𝑛 = 3 cos 5𝑛 +
6
𝑛
𝑗 −𝜋
•𝑥 𝑛 = 2𝑒 6
𝑛 𝜋𝑛
• 𝑥 𝑛 = cos cos
8 8
𝜋𝑛 𝜋𝑛 𝜋𝑛 𝜋
• 𝑥 𝑛 = cos − sin + 3 cos +
2 8 4 3
Ex3
• Given the below signal
• 𝑥𝑎 𝑡 = 3 sin 100𝜋𝑡
• Find a sampling rate Fs such that the signal x(n) reaches its peak
value of 3
• What is the minimum Fs suitable for the above task?
Ex4
• An analog electrocardiogram (ECG) signal contains useful
frequencies up to 100 Hz
• What is the Nyquist rate for this signal (sampling rate that satisfies
the Nyquist theorem)
• Suppose that we sample this signal at a rate of 250 samples per
second what is the highest frequency in the discrete signal?
Ex5
• An analog signal 𝑥𝑎 𝑡 = sin 480𝜋𝑡 + 3𝑠𝑖𝑛(720𝜋𝑡)
• Determine the Nyquist rate for xa(t)
• The analog signal is sampled 600 times per second, what is the
maximum frequency (folding frequency) in the discrete signal?
• What are frequencies in radian of the discrete signal?
• If x(n) is passed through an ideal what is the reconstructed analog
signal?
Ex6
• A digital communication link carries binary-coded words
representing samples of an input signal 𝑥𝑎 𝑡 = 3 cos 600𝜋𝑡 +
2cos(1800𝜋𝑡)
• The link is capable of transmitting a maximum number of 10000
bit/s and each input samples is quantized into 1024 levels
• What is the sampling frequency?
• What is the Nyquist rate?
• What are the frequencies in the resulting discrete signal?
• What is the quantization step (resolution)?
• What is the problem here? Propose an approach to resolve it?
Ex7
xa(t) x(n) DAC+Smooth ya(t)
ADC
Filter
T
T’

𝑥𝑎 𝑡 = 3 cos 100𝜋𝑡 + 2sin(250𝜋𝑡)

• T=5ms
• T’=1ms
• What is ya(t)
Ex8
𝜋
• Discrete signal 𝑥 𝑛 = 6.35 cos 𝑛 is quantized with a step of
10
• 0.1
• 0.02
• How many bits are used in each case?
• Calculate the SQNT in each case
Ex9
• Given the following signal x(n): 𝑥 𝑛 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜋𝑓0 𝑛
• The quantization noise power is approximated as follows:
𝑁−1 𝑁−1
1 2
1 2
𝑃𝑞 = ෍ 𝑒 𝑛 = ෍ 𝑥𝑞 𝑛 − 𝑥(𝑛)
𝑁 𝑁
𝑛=0 𝑛=0

a. For f0 = 1/50 and N = 200, write a quantization program for the signal x(n) using
the rounding quantization method with quantization levels of 64, 128, and 256.
For each case, plot the signals x(n), xq(n), e(n), and calculate the corresponding
signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR)
b. Compare and comment on the SQNR results in part (a) with the theoretical
formula.
Ex10
• Using Audacity to record an audio file
• Sampling rate: 8000 Hz
• Quantization: 32 bit
• Load the file into Octave and
• Quantize the 32 audio with lower number of quantization levels
• 4
• 8
• 16
• 32
• 64
• 128
• 256
• Calculate the SQNR in each case, take a listen to the audio files and give your
comments about the quality

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