EXPERIMENT NO.
06
DATE OF PERFORMANCE: GRADE:
DATE OF ASSESSMENT: SIGNATURE OF LECTURER/ TTA:
AIM: Introduction to cloud computing.
THEORY:
History of cloud computing.
During 1961, John MacCharty delivered his speech at MIT that
“Computing Can be sold as a Utility, like Water and Electricity.”
According to John MacCharty it was a brilliant idea. But people at that
time don’t want to adopt this technology. They thought the technology
they are using efficient enough for them. So, this concept of
computing was not appreciated much so and very less will research on
it. But as the time fleet the technology caught the idea after few years
this idea is implemented. So, this is implemented by [Link] in
1999.
This company started delivering an enterprise application over the
internet and this way the boom of Cloud Computing was started.
In 2002, Amazon started Amazon Web Services (AWS), Amazon will
provide storage, computation over the internet. In 2006 Amazon will
launch Elastic Compute Cloud Commercial Service which is open for
Everybody to use.
After that in 2009, Google Play also started providing Cloud
Computing Enterprise Application as other companies will see the
emergence of cloud Computing they also started providing their cloud
services. Thus, in 2009, Microsoft launch Microsoft Azure and after
that other companies like Alibaba, IBM, Oracle, HP also introduces
their Cloud Services. In today the Cloud Computing become very
popular and important skill.
Advantages :
It is easier to get backup in cloud.
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It allows us easy and quick access stored information anywhere and
anytime.
It allows us to access data via mobile.
It reduces both hardware ad Software cost, and it is easily
maintainable.
One of the biggest advantage of Cloud Computing is Database
Security.
Disadvantages :
It requires good internet connection.
User have limited control on the data.
Cloud Deployment Models:
Public Cloud
The public cloud makes it possible for anybody to access systems and services.
The public cloud may be less secure as it is open to everyone. The public cloud
is one in which cloud infrastructure services are provided over the internet to
the general people or major industry groups. The infrastructure in this cloud
model is owned by the entity that delivers the cloud services, not by the
consumer. It is a type of cloud hosting that allows customers and users to easily
access systems and services. This form of cloud computing is an excellent
example of cloud hosting, in which service providers supply services to a variety
of customers. In this arrangement, storage backup and retrieval services are
given for free, as a subscription, or on a per-user basis. For example, Google
App Engine etc.
Advantages of the Public Cloud Model
Minimal Investment: Because it is a pay-per-use service, there is no
substantial upfront fee, making it excellent for enterprises that require
immediate access to resources.
No setup cost: The entire infrastructure is fully subsidized by the
cloud service providers, thus there is no need to set up any hardware.
Infrastructure Management is not required: Using the public cloud
does not necessitate infrastructure management.
No maintenance: The maintenance work is done by the service
provider (not users).
Dynamic Scalability: To fulfill your company’s needs, on-demand
resources are accessible.
Disadvantages of the Public Cloud Model
Less secure: Public cloud is less secure as resources are public so
there is no guarantee of high-level security.
Low customization: It is accessed by many public so it can’t be
customized according to personal requirements.
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Private Cloud
The private cloud deployment model is the exact opposite of the public cloud
deployment model. It’s a one-on-one environment for a single user (customer).
There is no need to share your hardware with anyone else. The distinction
between private and public clouds is in how you handle all of the hardware. It
is also called the “internal cloud” & it refers to the ability to access systems and
services within a given border or organization. The cloud platform is
implemented in a cloud-based secure environment that is protected by powerful
firewalls and under the supervision of an organization’s IT department. The
private cloud gives greater flexibility of control over cloud resources.
Advantages of the Private Cloud Model
Better Control: You are the sole owner of the property. You gain
complete command over service integration, IT operations, policies,
and user behavior.
Data Security and Privacy: It’s suitable for storing corporate
information to which only authorized staff have access. By segmenting
resources within the same infrastructure, improved access and security
can be achieved.
Supports Legacy Systems: This approach is designed to work with
legacy systems that are unable to access the public cloud.
Customization: Unlike a public cloud deployment, a private cloud
allows a company to tailor its solution to meet its specific needs.
Disadvantages of the Private Cloud Model
Less scalable: Private clouds are scaled within a certain range as there
is less number of clients.
Costly: Private clouds are more costly as they provide personalized
facilities.
Hybrid Cloud
By bridging the public and private worlds with a layer of proprietary software,
hybrid cloud computing gives the best of both worlds. With a hybrid solution,
you may host the app in a safe environment while taking advantage of the public
cloud’s cost savings. Organizations can move data and applications between
different clouds using a combination of two or more cloud deployment methods,
depending on their needs.
Advantages of the Hybrid Cloud Model
Flexibility and control: Businesses with more flexibility can design
personalized solutions that meet their particular needs.
Cost: Because public clouds provide scalability, you’ll only be
responsible for paying for the extra capacity if you require it.
Security: Because data is properly separated, the chances of data theft
by attackers are considerably reduced.
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Disadvantages of the Hybrid Cloud Model
Difficult to manage: Hybrid clouds are difficult to manage as it is a
combination of both public and private cloud. So, it is complex.
Slow data transmission: Data transmission in the hybrid cloud takes
place through the public cloud so latency occurs.
Community Cloud
It allows systems and services to be accessible by a group of organizations. It is
a distributed system that is created by integrating the services of different clouds
to address the specific needs of a community, industry, or business. The
infrastructure of the community could be shared between the organization which
has shared concerns or tasks. It is generally managed by a third party or by the
combination of one or more organizations in the community.
Advantages of the Community Cloud Model
Cost Effective: It is cost-effective because the cloud is shared by
multiple organizations or communities.
Security: Community cloud provides better security.
Shared resources: It allows you to share resources, infrastructure, etc.
with multiple organizations.
Collaboration and data sharing: It is suitable for both collaboration
and data sharing.
Disadvantages of the Community Cloud Model
Limited Scalability: Community cloud is relatively less scalable as
many organizations share the same resources according to their
collaborative interests.
Rigid in customization: As the data and resources are shared among
different organizations according to their mutual interests if an
organization wants some changes according to their needs they cannot
do so because it will have an impact on other organizations.
Cloud Computing Services
here are the following three types of cloud service models -
1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
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IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is a computing
infrastructure managed over the internet. The main advantage of using IaaS is that
it helps users to avoid the cost and complexity of purchasing and managing the
physical servers.
There are the following characteristics of IaaS –
o Resources are available as a service
o Services are highly scalable
o Dynamic and flexible
o GUI and API-based access
o Automated administrative tasks
Example: DigitalOcean, Linode, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft
Azure, Google Compute Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and Cisco Metacloud.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test,
run, and manage the applications.
There are the following characteristics of PaaS -
o Accessible to various users via the same development application.
o Integrates with web services and databases.
o Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or
down as per the organization's need.
o Support multiple languages and frameworks.
o Provides an ability to "Auto-scale".
Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, [Link], Google
App Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the
applications are hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these
applications with the help of internet connection and web browser.
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There are the following characteristics of SaaS -
o Managed from a central location
o Hosted on a remote server
o Accessible over the internet
o Users are not responsible for hardware and software updates. Updates are
applied automatically.
o The services are purchased on the pay-as-per-use basis
Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, ZenDesk, Cisco
WebEx, ZenDesk, Slack, and GoToMeeting.
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