Female ejaculation

Female ejaculation is characterized as

an expulsion of fluid from the Skene's
gland at the lower end of the urethra
during or before an orgasm. It is also
known colloquially as squirting (or
gushing), although research indicates
that female ejaculation and squirting are
different phenomena, squirting being
attributed to a sudden expulsion of liquid
that partly comes from the bladder and
contains urine.[1][2]
 There is substantial evidence that the
Skene's gland is the source of female
ejaculation.

Female ejaculation is physiologically

distinct from coital incontinence, with
which it is sometimes confused.[3][4]

There have been few studies on female

ejaculation.[5] A failure to adopt common
definitions and research methodology by
the scientific community has been the
primary contributor to this lack of
experimental data.[6] Research has
suffered from highly selected
participants, narrow case studies, or very
small sample sizes, and consequently
has yet to produce significant results.
Much of the research into the
composition of the fluid focuses on
determining whether it is, or contains,
urine.[5][7] It is common for any secretion
that exits the vagina, and for fluid that
exits the urethra, during sexual activity to
be referred to as female ejaculate, which
has led to significant confusion in the
literature.[7]

Whether the fluid is secreted by the

Skene's gland through and around the
urethra has also been a topic of
discussion; while the exact source and
nature of the fluid remain controversial
among medical professionals, and are
related to doubts over the existence of
the G-spot,[8][9][7] there is substantial
evidence that the Skene's gland is the
source of female ejaculation.[1][7] The
function of female ejaculation, however,
remains unclear.[7]

Reports
In questionnaire surveys, 35–50% of
women report that they have at some
time experienced the gushing of fluid
during orgasm.[10][11][12] Other studies
find anywhere from 10–69%, depending
on the definitions and methods
used.[13][14] For instance Kratochvíl
(1994) surveyed 200 women and found
that 6% reported ejaculating, an
additional 13% had some experience and
about 60% reported release of fluid
without actual gushing.[15] Reports on the
volume of fluid expelled vary
considerably, starting from amounts that
would be imperceptible to a woman, to
mean values of 1–5 ml.[16]

The suggestion that women can expel

fluid from their genital area as part of
sexual arousal has been described by
women's health writer Rebecca Chalker
as "one of the most hotly debated
questions in modern sexology".[17]
Female ejaculation has been discussed
in anatomical, medical, and biological
literature throughout recorded history.
The reasons for the interest in female
ejaculation have been questioned by
feminist writers.[18]

Western literature

16th to 18th century

In the 16th century, the Dutch physician

Laevinius Lemnius, referred to how a
woman "draws forth the man's seed and
casts her own with it".[19] In the 17th
century, François Mauriceau described
glands at the female urethral meatus that
"pour out great quantities of saline liquor
during coition, which increases the heat
and enjoyment of women".[20] This
century saw an increasing understanding
of female sexual anatomy and
function,[21] in particular the work of the
Bartholin family in Denmark.

De Graaf

In the 17th century, the Dutch anatomist

Reinier de Graaf wrote an influential
treatise on the reproductive organs
Concerning the Generative Organs of
Women which is much cited in the
literature on this topic. De Graaf
discussed the original controversy but
supported the Aristotelian view.[22][23] He
identified the source as the glandular
structures and ducts surrounding the
urethra.

[VI:66-7]The urethra is lined by

a thin membrane. In the lower
part, near the outlet of the
urinary passage, this
membrane is pierced by large
ducts, or lacunae, through
which pituito-serous matter
occasionally discharges in
considerable quantities.

Between this very thin

membrane and the fleshy fibres
we have just described there is,
along the whole duct of the
urethra, a whitish
membranous substance about
one finger-breadth thick which
completely surrounds the
urethral canal... The substance
could be called quite aptly the
female 'prostatae' or 'corpus
glandulosum', 'glandulous
body'...The function of the
'prostatae' is to generate a
pituito-serous juice which
makes women more libidinous
with its pungency and saltiness
and lubricates their sexual
 parts in agreeable fashion
during coitus.

[VII:81] The discharge from the

female 'prostatae' causes as
much pleasure as does that
from the male 'prostatae'

He identified [XIII:212] the various

controversies regarding the ejaculate and
its origin, but stated he believed that this
fluid "which rushes out with such
impetus during venereal combat or
libidinous imagining" was derived from a
number of sources, including the vagina,
urinary tract, cervix and uterus. He
appears to identify Skene's ducts, when
he writes [XIII: 213] "those [ducts] which
are visible around the orifice of the neck
of the vagina and the outlet of the urinary
passage receive their fluid from the
female 'parastatae', or rather the thick
membranous body around the urinary
passage." However he appears not to
distinguish between the lubrication of the
perineum during arousal and an
orgasmic ejaculate when he refers to
liquid "which in libidinous women often
rushes out at the mere sight of a
handsome man." Further on [XIII:214] he
refers to "liquid as usually comes from
the pudenda in one gush." However, his
prime purpose was to distinguish
between generative fluid and pleasurable
fluid, in his stand on the Aristotelian
semen controversy.

19th century

Krafft-Ebing's study of sexual perversion,

Psychopathia Sexualis (1886), describes
female ejaculation under the heading
"Congenital Sexual Inversion in Women"
as a perversion related to neurasthenia
and homosexuality.[24]

the intersexual gratification

among ...women seems to be
reduced to kissing and
embraces, which seems to
satisfy those of weak sexual
 instinct, but produces in
sexually neurasthenic females
ejaculation

It is also described by Freud in

pathological terms in his study of Dora
(1905), where he relates it to hysteria.[25]

The pride taken by women in

the appearance of their
genitals is quite a special
feature of their vanity; and
disorders of genitals which
they think calculated to inspire
feelings of repugnance or even
disgust have an incredible
 power of humiliating them, of
lowering their self-esteem, and
of making them irritable,
sensitive, and distrustful. An
abnormal secretion of the
mucous membrane of the
vagina is looked upon as
source of disgust.

However, women's writing of that time

portrayed this in more positive terms.
Thus we find Almeda Sperry writing to
Emma Goldman in 1918, about the
"rhythmic spurt of your love juices".[18][26]
Anatomical knowledge was also
advanced by Alexander Skene's
description of para-urethral or
periurethral glands (glands around the
urethra) in 1880, which have been
variously claimed to be one source of the
fluids in the ejaculate, and now
commonly referred to as the Skene's
glands.[27]

20th century

Early 20th-century understanding

Female ejaculation is mentioned as

normal in early 20th century 'marriage
manuals', such as TH Van de Velde's
Ideal Marriage: Its Physiology and
Technique (1926). Certainly van de Velde
was well aware of the varied experiences
of women.[28]

It appears that the majority of

laymen believe that something
is forcibly squirted (or
propelled or extruded), or
expelled from the woman's
body in orgasm, and should so
happen normally, as in the
man's case. Finally it is just as
certain that such an
'ejaculation' does not take
place in many women of
sexually normal functions, as
 that it does take place in
others.

In 1948, Huffman, an American

gynaecologist, published his studies of
the prostatic tissue in women together
with a historical account and detailed
drawings. These clearly showed the
difference between the original glands
identified by Skene at the urinary meatus,
and the more proximal collections of
glandular tissue emptying directly into
the urethra.[29]

The urethra might well be

compared to a tree about
which and growing outward
 from its base are numerous
stunted branches, the
paraurethral ducts and glands.

Most of the interest had focused on the

substance and structure rather than
function of the glands. A more definitive
contemporary account of ejaculation
appeared shortly after, in 1950, with the
publication of an essay by Gräfenberg
based on his observations of women
during orgasm.[30]

An erotic zone always could be

demonstrated on the anterior
wall of the vagina along the
course of the
urethra...analogous to the male
urethra, the female urethra
also seems to be surrounded by
erectile tissues...In the course
of sexual stimulation, the
female urethra begins to
enlarge and can be felt easily. It
swells out greatly at the end of
orgasm...Occasionally the
production of fluids is
...profuse... If there is the
opportunity to observe the
orgasm of such women, one
can see that large quantities of
a clear transparent fluid are
expelled not from the vulva,
but out of the urethra in
gushes. At first I thought that
the bladder sphincter had
become defective by the
intensity of the orgasm.
Involuntary expulsion of urine
is reported in sex literature. In
the cases observed by us, the
fluid was examined and it had
no urinary character. I am
inclined to believe that "urine"
reported to be expelled during
female orgasm is not urine, but
only secretions of the
 intraurethral glands correlated
with the erotogenic zone along
the urethra in the anterior
vaginal wall. Moreover the
profuse secretions coming out
with the orgasm have no
lubricating significance,
otherwise they would be
produced at the beginning of
intercourse and not at the peak
of orgasm.

However this paper made little impact,

and was dismissed in the major
sexological writings of that time, such as
Kinsey (1953)[31] and Masters and
Johnson (1966),[32] equating this
"erroneous belief" with urinary stress
incontinence. Although clearly Kinsey
was familiar with the phenomenon,
commenting that (p. 612);

Muscular contractions of the

vagina following orgasm may
squeeze out some of the genital
secretions, and in a few cases
eject them with some force

as were Masters and Johnson ten years

later, who observed (pp 79–80):

Most women do not ejaculate

during orgasm...we have
 observed several cases of
women who expelled a type of
fluid that was not urine

(emphasis in original) yet dismissed it

(p. 135) – "female ejaculation is an
erroneous but widespread concept", and
even twenty years later in 1982,[33] they
repeated the statement that it was
erroneous (p. 69–70) and the result of
"urinary stress incontinence".

Late 20th-century awareness

The topic did not receive serious

attention again until a review by
Josephine Lowndes Sevely and JW
Bennett appeared in 1978.[34] This latter
paper, which traces the history of the
controversies to that point, and a series
of three papers in 1981 by Beverly
Whipple and colleagues in the Journal of
Sex Research,[35][36][37] became the focal
point of the current debate. Whipple
became aware of the phenomenon when
studying urinary incontinence, with which
it is often confused.[38] As Sevely and
Bennett point out, this is "not new
knowledge, but a rediscovery of lost
awareness that should contribute
towards reshaping our view of female
sexuality". Nevertheless, the theory
advanced by these authors was
immediately dismissed by many other
authors, such as physiologist Joseph
Bohlen,[39] for not being based on
rigorous scientific procedures, and
psychiatrist Helen Singer Kaplan (1983)
stated:[40]

Female ejaculation (as distinct

from female urination during
orgasm) has never been
scientifically substantiated and
is highly questionable, to say
the least.

Some radical feminist writers, such as

Sheila Jeffreys (1985) were also
dismissive, claiming it as a figment of
male fantasy:[41]
 There are examples in the
sexological literature of men's
sexual fantasies about lesbian
sexuality. Krafft-Ebing invented
a form of ejaculation for
women.

It required the detailed anatomical work

of Helen O'Connell[42] from 1998
onwards to more properly elucidate the
relationships between the different
anatomical structures involved. As she
observes, the female perineal urethra is
embedded in the anterior vaginal wall
and is surrounded by erectile tissue in all
directions except posteriorly where it
relates to the vaginal wall. "The distal
vagina, clitoris, and urethra form an
integrated entity covered superficially by
the vulval skin and its epithelial features.
These parts have a shared vasculature
and nerve supply and during sexual
stimulation respond as a unit".[43][44][45]

Anthropological accounts

Female ejaculation appears in 20th-

century anthropological works, such as
Malinowski's Melanesian study, The
Sexual Life of Savages (1929), and
Gladwin and Sarason's "Truk: Man in
Paradise" (1956). Malinowski states that
in the language of the Trobriand Island
people, a single word is used to describe
ejaculation in both male and female.[46]

Both the male and female

discharge are called by the
same name (momona or
momola), and they ascribe to
both the same origin in the
kidneys, and the same function,
which has nothing to do with
generation, but is concerned
with lubricating the membrane
and increasing pleasure

In describing sexual relations amongst

the Chuukese Micronesians, Gladwin and
Sarason state that "Female orgasm is
commonly signalled by urination".[47]
Catherine Blackledge[21] (p. 205)
provides a number of examples from
other cultures, including the Ugandan
Batoro, Mohave Indians, Mangaians, and
Ponapese. (See also Chalker 2002
pp. 531–2, Ladas et al. 1983 pp. 74–5)

Historically in Rwanda, the kunyaza

sexual technique has the reputation of
triggering female ejaculation (kunyara).
The ancient sexual practice has been
exercised for over 150 years in east and
central Africa. Amongst the Buganda
tribe of Uganda, the sexual practice is
called kachabali (spraying the wall).[48]
Research

General

Vaginal fluids after ejaculation

There have been few studies on female

ejaculation.[5] Much of the problem in
arriving at a consensus relates to a
failure to adopt generally agreed-on
definitions[6][49] or research
methodology.[6] Research has used
highly selected individuals, case studies,
or very small numbers of subjects,
making generalization difficult. For
instance, much of the research into the
nature of the fluid focuses on
determining whether it is or contains
urine.[5][6] Rodriguez et al. stated that
"many individuals refer to any fluid
expressed from the vagina or urethra
during coitus as female ejaculate, which
leads to significant confusion in the
literature."[7]

There are also problems involved in the

collection of specimens and issues of
contamination. Since the area of interest
is para-urethral glands, it is impossible to
completely separate the secretions from
urine, especially considering that there
may be retrograde ejaculation into the
urethra towards the bladder. Research
has attempted to use chemicals that are
excreted in the urine so that any urinary
contamination can be detected. Further
methodological issues include the fact
that the composition of the fluid appears
to vary with the menstrual cycle,[50] and
that the biochemical profile of the para-
urethral tissues varies with age.[51] Other
issues relate to the sensitivity and
specificity of the markers chosen. The
key questions are the source of the fluid
produced, and its composition.[39]

Whether the fluid is secreted by the

Skene's gland through and around the
urethra has also been a topic of
discussion; while the exact source and
nature of the fluid remain controversial
among medical professionals, and are
related to doubts over the existence of
the G-spot,[8][9][7] there is substantial
evidence that the Skene's gland is the
source of female ejaculation.[1][7] The
function of female ejaculation, however,
remains unclear.[7]

Female ejaculation vs. squirting or

gushing

Some research has distinguished

between female ejaculation and what is
colloquially known as squirting or
gushing. These terms are used by the
public interchangeably, which often leads
to confusion. In these research
publications, it is suggested that "real"
female ejaculation is the release of a very
scanty, thick, and whitish fluid from the
Skene's gland, while the "squirting" or
"gushing" (shown frequently in
pornography) is a different phenomenon:
the expulsion of clear and abundant fluid,
which has been shown to be a diluted
fluid from the urinary bladder.[1][2]

Relation to urinary incontinence

Towards the later part of the 20th

century, there was significant confusion
between female ejaculation and coital
incontinence. In 1982, Bohlen explained
the accepted wisdom:[39]

The previously accepted notion

that all fluid expelled during a
woman's orgasm is urine is
now being challenged...
sexologists must take care not
to assume now that any fluid
produced at orgasm is "female
ejaculate".

Scientific studies from the 1980s and

later have demonstrated that the
substance produced is distinct from
urine, though it does show similarities
such as alkalinity with urine.[15] A recent
study of women who report ejaculation
found no evidence of any urological
problems, suggesting these two
conditions (ejaculation and coital
incontinence) are quite distinct
physiologically, although perhaps not
always distinguishable in a particular
individual's mind. Davidson's study of
1,289 women found that the sensation of
ejaculation was very similar to that of
urination.[11] One study by Gary Schubach
used urethral catheterization in order to
separate urine from orgasmic expulsions
from elsewhere in the body. Seven
women claiming to have ejaculations
expelled large volumes of urine through
the catheter at orgasm, and little to no
other fluid.[52]

It may be important for physicians to

establish whether there is in fact any
incontinence in women who report
ejaculation, to avoid unnecessary
interventions.[3][4] It is also important for
physicians to distinguish orgasmic
ejaculation from vaginal discharges
which may require further investigation
and treatment. In individual cases, the
exact source of any reported discharge
may not be obvious without further
investigation.[53]
Nature of different fluids

Critics have maintained that ejaculation

is either stress incontinence or vaginal
lubrication.[7] Research in this area has
concentrated almost exclusively on
attempts to prove that the ejaculate is
not urine,[54][55] measuring substances
such as urea, creatinine, prostatic acid
phosphatase (PAP), prostate-specific
antigen (PSA),[14] glucose and
fructose[56] levels. Early work was
contradictory; the initial study on one
woman by Addiego and colleagues,
reported in 1981,[36] could not be
confirmed in a subsequent study on 11
women in 1983,[57] but was confirmed in
another 7 women in 1984.[58] In 1985, a
different group studied 27 women and
found only urine,[59] suggesting that
results depend critically on the methods
used.

A 2007 study on two women involved

ultrasound, endoscopy, and biochemical
analysis of fluid. The ejaculate was
compared to pre-orgasmic urine from the
same woman, and also to published data
on male ejaculate. In both women, higher
levels of PSA, PAP, and glucose but lower
levels of creatinine were found in the
ejaculate than the urine. PSA levels were
comparable to those in males.[13]
Ultrasounds from a 2014 study, involving
seven women who reported recurring
massive fluid emission during sexual
arousal, confirmed thorough bladder
emptiness before stimulation, noticeable
bladder filling before squirting and
demonstrated that the bladder had again
been emptied after squirting. Although
small amounts of prostatic secretions
are present in the emitted fluid, the study
suggests that squirting is essentially the
involuntary emission of urine during
sexual activity.[2]
Source of fluid

One very practical objection relates to the

reported volumes ejaculated, since this
fluid must be stored somewhere in the
pelvis, of which the urinary bladder is the
largest source. The actual volume of the
para-urethral tissue is quite small. By
comparison, male ejaculate varies from
0.2–6.6 ml (0.01–0.22 US fl oz) (95%
confidence interval), with a maximum of
13 ml (0.44 US fl oz).[60] Therefore,
claims of larger amounts of ejaculate are
likely to contain at least some amount of
urine. The eleven specimens analyzed by
Goldberg in 1983,[57] ranged from 3–
15 ml (0.1–0.5 US fl oz).[58] One source
states that Skene's glands are capable of
excreting 30–50 ml (1–2 US fl oz) in 30–
50 seconds,[61] but it is unclear how this
was measured and has not been
confirmed. One approach is to use a
chemical like methylene blue so that any
urinary component can be detected.[58]
Belzer showed that in one woman he
studied, the dye was found in her urine,
but not her orgasmic expulsion.[35]

PAP and PSA have been identified in the

para-urethral tissues, using biochemical
and immunohistochemical methods,
suggesting that the ejaculate is likely to
arise from the ducts in these tissues, in a
manner homologous to that in the
male.[62][63][64][65][66] Another marker
common to the prostate/para-urethral
tissue in both sexes is Human protein
1.[67]

PSA occurs in urine, and is elevated in

post-orgasmic samples compared to pre-
orgasmic. Simultaneous collection of
ejaculate also showed PSA in both urine
and ejaculate in all cases, but in higher
concentration in the ejaculate than in the
urine.[68]

Social significance
Sexual functions, and orgasm in
particular, remain poorly understood
scientifically.[69][70][71] Regardless of the
facts relating to the details of female
ejaculation, the social significance of the
popular accounts through the feminist
health care movement has been
considerable.[17]

Controversy and feminist criticism

The debate in the current literature

focuses on three threads: the existence
of female ejaculation, its source(s) and
composition, and its relationship to
theories of female sexuality.[18] This
debate has been influenced by popular
culture, pornography, and physio-
chemical and behavioral studies. There is
some resistance from feminists to what
has been perceived as a male lens in
interpreting the data and construct. Often
the debate is also tied to the existence of
the G-spot;[54][72] stimulation of the
anterior vaginal wall simultaneously
stimulates the para-urethral tissue (the
site of the Skene's glands and ducts, and
a proposed likely source of ejaculation
fluid), and so has been suggested as the
trigger of ejaculation. These tissues,
surrounding the distal urethra, and
anterior to the vagina, have a common
embryological origin to the prostatic
tissue in the male.[73][74]
Debate on the existence of ejaculation

In an extensive survey, Darling and

colleagues claim support for the
existence of ejaculation,[12] while in a
sharply critical response, Alzate[59][75]
states that direct experimentation fails to
provide any evidence.[76] Alzate states:

the ignorance and/or confusion

still prevalent among women
about the anatomy and
physiology of their sexual
organs may make them
mistake either vaginal
lubrication or stress urinary
 incontinence for an
"ejaculation."

Shannon Bell argues that the debate is

confused by the discussion of two
separate phenomena. She comments
that Alzate simply dismisses women's
subjective experiences in favour of
rigorous scientific proof, and is typical of
male sexologists withholding the validity
of experience from women. Bell's critique
lies at the heart of feminist concerns
about this debate, namely a tendency to
"disregard, reinterpret, and overwrite
women's subjective descriptions." For
some, she states, it is more a matter of
belief than of physiology. Bell further
questions why feminists have not been
more outspoken in defense of women's
control over female ejaculation, pointing
out that the literature frames the
discussion in only five separate ways;
procreation, sexual pleasure, deviance,
pathology, and a scientific mystery.[18]

The discussion entered popular culture in

1982 with the publication of the best-
selling book The G Spot and Other Recent
Discoveries About Human Sexuality, by
Ladas, Whipple, and Perry.[77] The book
discussed female ejaculation and
brought the issue back into discussions
of women's sexuality both in the medical
community and among the general
public.[17][68][78] This was a popular
account of three papers by the authors,
the previous year, at the suggestion of
Alice Khan Ladas.[35][36][37] Rebecca
Chalker notes that this book was largely
met with scorn, skepticism and
disbelief.[17] The chapter on 'Female
Ejaculation' is largely based on anecdotal
testimony, and illustrates another issue
in the debate, the weight placed on
anecdotes and small numbers of
observations rather than biomedical
investigation or clinical trials.
Importantly, a number of the women
stated that they had been diagnosed with
urinary incontinence.
Debate on women's pleasure in their
sexuality

The book by Ladas, Whipple, and

Perry.[77] advances another feminist
theory: that because women's pleasure in
their sexuality has been historically
excluded, the pleasure of ejaculation has
been either discounted or appropriated
by health professionals as a
physiological phenomenon.[79] Whipple
continued to publicise her discoveries,
including a 9 min video made in 1981
Orgasmic Expulsions of Fluid in the
Sexually Stimulated Female.[80] In 1984,
the Journal of Sex Research described
the debate surrounding female
ejaculation as 'heated'.[61] Josephine
Sevely then followed up her 1978 study
by publishing "Eve's Secrets: A new
theory of female sexuality" in 1987,
emphasising an integrated rather than
fragmented approach to understanding
female sexuality, with the clitoris, vagina
and urethra depicted as a single sexual
organ.[81][69] This not only challenged the
traditional fragmentation of female
sexuality into clitoral vs. vaginal
sensation, but also sexualised the
urethra.[18]

The continuing debate is further

illustrated in the angry exchange of
letters between the author and
researchers in the American Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology in 2002
following the publication of 'The G-spot:
A modern gynecological myth' by
Terence Hines,[78] articles and book
chapters continue to appear with
subtitles such as "Fact or Fantasy"
(2002).[17] As of 2007,[13][82] and 2008[69]
the existence of a female prostate and of
ejaculation are a matter of debate.

Debate on the terminology

The terminology (such as female

prostate and female ejaculation) invoke
images of the female as merely an
imitation of the male, mapping the
female body onto the male, as if, like the
Galenic view, it was incomplete.[83]
Furthermore, overemphasis of
ejaculation may induce performance
anxiety.[17] For the reason that
'sameness' has been construed as a
male perspective, some feminists reject
the term ejaculation. Others argue it
should be retained as a distinctive
feminine characteristic distinguishable
from the male, and imbued with different
properties and purpose. A third concern
is that of the increasing 'medicalisation'
of women's sexuality, as expressed by
Leonore Tiefer which finds its most
extreme manifestation in the concept of
female sexual dysfunction.[84] Tiefer has
expressed concern that overemphasising
ejaculation will drive women who might
feel inadequate to seek medical attention
(see Health implications below),[17] as
has the Boston Women's Health
Collective.[85] Other criticism comes from
Barbara Ehrenreich[86] and colleagues
who see this new sexuality as one that
privileges the male in control, penile
retention and body position, but this is
denied by others.[18]

Health implications

Many women, before learning about

ejaculation, experienced shame or
avoided sexual intimacy under the belief
that they had wet the bed.[61] Others
suppressed sexual climax, and sought
medical advice for this "problem", and
even underwent surgery.[17]

Contemporary women's health literature

summarises what is considered factual
as being that the amount of fluid varies
greatly and may be unnoticeable, occurs
with or without vaginal stimulation, and
may accompany orgasm or merely
intense sexual pleasure, and orgasm may
occur without ejaculation. Whether it can
be learned or not, women report that they
can induce it by enhancing their sexual
response.[17] Regardless, countless
workshops now exist to teach women
that learning how to ejaculate is an
important form of feminine sexual
expression. Sundahl describes it as a
birthright and essential part of female
creativity.[72]

Legal implications

The presence of chemical markers such

as PSA or PAP in the female genital tract
has been considered evidence in rape
trials,[87] but Sensabaugh and Kahane
demonstrated in four specimens that
PAP was an order of magnitude greater
in a woman's ejaculate than in her urine.
Recently, knowledge that these markers
can be of female origin has led to
acquittal based on forensic
evidence.[74][88]

In pornography

Female pornographic performers who

are alleged to ejaculate on film include
Hotaru Akane,[89] Charley Chase,[90] Annie
Cruz,[91] Cytherea,[92] Jamie Lynn,[93] Jiz
Lee,[94] Missy Monroe,[95] Jenna
Presley,[96] and Flower Tucci.[97] Fallon is
known as the first pornographic actress
to allegedly ejaculate on film.[98][99][100]
Tiana Lynn can allegedly ejaculate as
well, and she claims to have discovered
her ability during a scene with Mark
Ashley.[101]
Sarah Jane Hamilton became known as
one of the first alleged female
ejaculators from Britain,[102] though this
was later dismissed by porn reviewer Pat
Riley as urination in his review of The
British Are Coming (1993). However, she
has commented that she could not
ejaculate on cue even though producers
expect her to like a male performer.[103]

Censorship

In the United Kingdom, the British Board

of Film Classification has requested edits
to pornographic films alleged to show
female ejaculation, claiming there is no
such thing as female ejaculation (and
therefore the films must promote
urolagnia), according to expert medical
"advice" provided to the film
board.[104][105] Urination during sex is
considered obscene under the Obscene
Publications Acts.[106] The Board later
stated that it does not take any view on
whether female ejaculation exists or not,
but that all apparent recorded instances
(presented to the Board) were of mere
female urination being touted as female
ejaculation.[107]

Easy on the Eye Productions released a

press announcement on 6 October 2010,
stating that the BBFC passed the DVD
Women Love Porn (containing a
sequence involving female ejaculation in
the scene "Top Milf") on advice of legal
counsel when the director, Anna Span,
pushed for a hearing with the Video
Appeals Committee. Easy on the Eye
Productions considered this an "historic
victory",[108] although the BBFC maintains
that its stance remains "fundamentally
unchanged" for future releases.
According to the Carnal Nation site, the
issue was first raised by the group
Feminists Against Censorship (FAC) in
2001.[106]

In Australia, a similar view has been

taken with regard to Internet censorship
proposals, which ban pornographic
websites featuring female
ejaculation.[109]

See also
Human
sexuality
portal

Bartholin's gland
Kunyaza
Male ejaculation
One sex two sex theory
Urethral sponge

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External links
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Look up female ejaculation in
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k/20090711144641/[Link]
[Link]/f_html/[Link]) :
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Retrieved from
"[Link]
title=Female_ejaculation&oldid=1156978328"

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