INTRO:

TIME CHECK!!! ENGLISH TIMEEEE

Learning English can be simple and fun. Come watch and listen to PGJ
Videos!
PEARL; Hi how are you? Ok I hope you’re doing great. ARE YOU READY TO
OUR DISCUSSION?
PEARL: Ok before anything else allow us to introduce ourselves to you. I am
your Teacher Pearl, I am Teacher Zel and I am your Teacher Jade.
ALL: AND WE ARE YOUR TEACHER PJZ.
PEARL: So for today’s lesson you will know how to compose effective
paragraphs. We know that paragraph writing is one of the main task you
commonly do in school right? YES!
BUT are you sure if the paragraph you are written are effective? What makes
an effective paragraph?
Just watch and learn it here in this video!!!
PEARL: the target most essential learning competency for this video is
composing an effective paragraph, Analyze the parts on how to compose
effective paragraphs and apply the format on composing effective
paragraphs.
Are you ready? let's begin
PEARL: Paragraph writing can sometimes be a difficult task especially if you
don't know what to write because there are just too many topics to choose
from or you just don't have enough knowledge about the topic your teacher
gave to you. So sometimes just to finish immediately, you just write anything
on the topic even though there is no almost connection and the flow of your
ideas is out of order, what important to you is that it looks like a paragraph
because it is already long and there are many sentences that you have
written. They said it’s actually okay because your teacher will not notice it.
Actually that is very wrong because your teacher reads your paragraphs. So
to start let’s define the word paragraph.
what is a paragraph?
Very Good!
-a paragraph is a group of several sentences connected together by a single
idea
PEARL: the paragraph's main idea should be supported with specific
information that develops or discusses the main idea in greater detail.
So let us discuss the
PEARL: SO NOW TEACHER ZEL WILL CONTINUE OUR DISCUSSION.
ZEL: Since you have now an idea about topic sentence, let’s try what you’ve
learned by identifying the topic sentence by the given paragraph.
(paragraph)
ZEL: Where is the topic sentence located? In the beginning, in the middle or
at the end? Let’s read
“After reading the new TV guide this week I had just one thought-
why are we still being bombarded with reality shows? This season,
the plague of reality television continues to darken our airwaves.
Along with the return of viewer favorites, we are to be cursed with
yet another mindless creation. Prisoner follows the daily lives of
eight suburban housewives who have chosen to be put in jail for the
purposes of this fake psychological experiment. A preview for the
first episode shows the usual tears and tantrums associated with
reality television. I dread to think what producers will come up with
next season, but if any of them are reading this blog- stop it! We've
had enough reality television to last us a lifetime!"

ZEL: Where is the topic sentence located?

ZEL: The first sentence of this paragraph is the topic sentence, it tells the
reader that the paragraph will be about reality television shows, and it
expresses the writers dictates for this show through the use of the word
bombarded. Each of the following sentences in the paragraph supports the
topic sentence by providing further information about specific reality
television show. The final sentence is the concluding sentence, it reiterates
the main point that viewers are bored with reality television shows, by using
words from the topic sentence.
ZEL: Let’s try another paragraph
"Last year, a cat traveled 130 miles to reach its family, who had
moved to another state and had left their pet behind. Even though it
had never been to their new home, the cat was able to track down
its former owners. A dog in my neighborhood can predict when its
master is about to have a seizure. It makes sure that he does not
hurt himself during an epileptic fit. Compared to many animals, our
own senses are almost dull."

ZEL: Can you tell where the topic sentence located in this paragraph?
: Answer is, THE LAST SENTENCE OF THE PARAGRAPH is the topic
sentence it draws on specific examples, a cat that track down its owners and
a dog that can predict seizures and then makes a general statement that
draws a conclusion from this examples, animals senses are better than
humans in this case the supporting sentences are placed before the topic
sentence and the concluding sentence is the same as the topic sentence this
technique is frequently used in persuasive writing the writer produces
detailed examples evidence to back up his or her point preparing the reader
to accept the concluding topic sentence as the truth.
ZEL: Sometimes the topic sentence appears in the middle of a paragraph
read the following example, the topic sentence is underlined for you.
"For many years, I suffered from severe anxiety every time I took an
exam. Hours before the exam, my heart would begin pounding, my
legs would shake, and sometimes I would become physically unable
to move. Last year, I was referred to a specialist and finally found a
way to control my anxiety- breathing exercises. It seems so simple,
but by doing just a few breathing exercises a couple of hours before
an exam, I gradually got my anxiety under control. The exercises
help slow my heart rate and make me feel less anxious. Better yet,
they require no pills, no equipment, and very little time. It's
amazing how just breathing correctly has helped me learn to
manage my anxiety symptoms."

ZEL: In this paragraph the underlined sentence is the topic sentence, to

expresses the main idea that breathing exercises can help controlling
anxiety the preceding sentences enable the writer to build up to his main
point by using a personal anecdote. The supporting sentences then expand
on how breathing exercises help the writer by providing additional
information, the last sentence is the concluding sentence and restates that
breathing can help manage anxiety.
ZEL: Now that you now more about paragraphs and its parts let us find out
next how to compose a paragraph effectively, a good paragraph possesses
the following;
UNITY, COHERENCE and ADEQUATE DEVELOPMENT
 UNITY - A paragraph should express a single thought that unifies all the
sentences it has.
 COHERENCE - All sentences in a paragraph should clearly relate to one
another systematically or logically
 ADEQUATE DEVELOPMENT - The topic of a paragraph should be discussed
entirely and sufficiently by providing supporting details.

So how long is a paragraph?

How many sentences should there be in a paragraph?
- Unfortunately the is no definite answer to this question as quality
paragraphs are measured in the ideas and concepts addressed rather
than sentences and word counts.
So when to begin a new paragraph? This is one of the more common
difficulties of the students is to recognize when to start a new paragraph? A
new paragraph is needed when
 You are switching to a new idea
 Emphasizing a contrasting argument
 You want to break up a lengthy paragraph
There are many ways to elaborate the main idea of paragraph, here are the
methods TO MAKE SURE YOUR PARAGRAPH IS WELL-DEVELOPED:
 Define your terms.
 Provide examples and illustrations.
 Explain a procedure.
 Compare and contrast.
 Evaluate cause and effect.

ZEL: OK NOW, TEACHER JADE WILL DISCUSS THE TOP TIPS FOR TIGHT
PARAGRAPH WRITING.
JADE: For the last part of our discussion here are the top tips for Tight
Paragraph Writing
1. Consistency is the Key- Be consistent in your verb tenses and point of
view.
--Be consistent of your verb tenses and point of view. For example, shifts from the past tense and the
present tense without good reason can be disorientating as time travel itself.

2. Use Transitions Words and Phrases- These words and phrases are a great
way to link concepts and ideas within a paragraph, as well as helping to form
a bridge to the next paragraph.
-Some useful transitional words and phrases include: although, in
spite of, therefore, for this reason, as a result.
3. Employ Parallel Structures- Using parallel structures brings flow to a piece
of writing, making it easier to read and understand for the reader.
-Using parallel structure brings flow of writing, making it easier to read and
understand for the reader. Parallel structures involve using two or more
phrases and sentences that used the same parts of speech and grammatical
structure, not only does this make the writing easier to read but it helps the
reader make connections between ideas.
4. Breathe Life into the Writing- We often forget that the origins of the
written word lie in speech, we lose a lot of the color and expression of the
spoken word when we lay it out cold on the page fortunately you can breathe
life back into their words with a few simple techniques. Imbue or instill
your writing with color and vitality by weaving anecdotes, verbal
illustrations, rich details, and facts and figures throughout their
writing.
LASTY!
5. Edit and Proofreading- Writing is a craft and like any craft some refining is
required;
Take the time to polish your final draft by checking the grammar, spelling,
punctuation, capitalization and others.

JADE: DID YOU LEARNED SOMETHING FROM OUR DISCUSSION?

ZEL: Great! We have an activity for you. Teacher Pearl will give the
instructions.
PEARL OK NOW, since we are now done discussing on how to compose an
effective paragraph, let’s see if you really learnt something, here is the
activity that we prepared for you to answer. I will sent to our group chat the
Google form na pag sasagutan nyo.
(ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY)

PEARL: ONCE AGAIN WE ARE YOUR

ALL: TEACHER PJZ.
PEARL: KEEP LEARNING
JADE GROWING
ZEL: AND IMPROVING

What is a paragraph primarily defined as?

A. A single sentence expressing an idea
B. A group of sentences united by a common theme
C. A collection of words on a page
D. A concluding statement

Answer: B. A group of sentences united by a common theme

What role does a topic sentence play in a paragraph?

A. Provides background information
B. Offers a summary of supporting details
C. Introduces the main idea
D. Concludes the paragraph

Answer: C. Introduces the main idea

Which part of a paragraph typically summarizes or comments on the main

idea?
A. Topic sentence
B. Concluding sentence
C. Supporting sentences
D. Body sentences

Answer: B. Concluding sentence

What do supporting sentences in a paragraph do?

A. Introduce new ideas
B. Provide evidence and details
C. Restate the topic sentence
D. Conclude the paragraph

Answer: B. Provide evidence and details

Where is the topic sentence usually located in a paragraph?

A. At the beginning
B. In the middle
C. At the end
D. Anywhere within the paragraph

Answer: A. At the beginning

When might it be appropriate to place the topic sentence at the end of a

paragraph?
A. In informative essays
B. In argumentative essays
C. In narrative writing
D. After specific details lead to a generalization
Answer: D. After specific details lead to a generalization

What is emphasized when a topic sentence is described as "emphatic"?

A. Its length
B. Its clarity
C. Its position
D. Its forcefulness

Answer: D. Its forcefulness

What is the purpose of a concluding sentence in a paragraph?

A. To introduce new ideas
B. To summarize the main point
C. To argue against the topic sentence
D. To provide supporting details

Answer: B. To summarize the main point

How should a topic sentence ideally be formulated?

A. Long and complex
B. Direct and concise
C. Without a clear main idea
D. Without any supporting details

Answer: B. Direct and concise

What does a well-developed paragraph include?

A. Multiple unrelated ideas
B. A disconnected flow of sentences
C. A single central idea with supporting details
D. Several concluding sentences

Answer: C. A single central idea with supporting details