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Key Enthalpy Changes Explained

The document provides a summarized table of important standard enthalpy changes, including definitions and examples for various types such as lattice energy, enthalpy of combustion, and enthalpy of formation. It highlights key concepts like exothermic and endothermic reactions, the stability and reactivity of compounds, and the principles of Hess' law. Additionally, it covers related concepts such as electron affinity, ionization energy, and bond energy.

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6 views2 pages

Key Enthalpy Changes Explained

The document provides a summarized table of important standard enthalpy changes, including definitions and examples for various types such as lattice energy, enthalpy of combustion, and enthalpy of formation. It highlights key concepts like exothermic and endothermic reactions, the stability and reactivity of compounds, and the principles of Hess' law. Additionally, it covers related concepts such as electron affinity, ionization energy, and bond energy.

Uploaded by

smkinteresting
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Summarised table for all the important standard enthalpy changes

No Enthalpy Definition Example/ Equation


Heat released when 1 mole of solid ionic ionic
1 ∆HLE compound is formed from its gaseous ions under
Lattice energy standard conditions.
∆Hc
Heat released when 1 mole of substance is
2 Enthalpy of
burned completely in excess oxygen.
combustion
∆Hneut Heat released when I mole of water is formed
3 Enthalpy of from the reaction of acid and base under
neutralisation standard conditions.
∆Hhyd Heat released when I mole of gaseous ions is
4 Enthalpy of dissolves in water to form hydrated ions under
hydration standard conditions.

Heat change when I mole of a compound is


formed from its elements under standard
temperature and pressure.
∆Hf
5 Enthalpy of
*Exothermic reaction is more stable than
formation
endothermic reaction.
*The more exothermic, the more reactive, the
more stable the compound.
Heat change when 1 mole of substance
dissolves in water to form aqueous solution of
infinite dilution under standard conditions.
6
*When process is endothermic – salt is insoluble
in water.
∆Hsol
*When process is exothermic- salt is soluble in
Enthalpy of solution water
Heat change when 1 mole of electron is added
to 1 mole of gaseous atom to form uninegatively
charged ion under standard conditions.

*The first electron affinity is always exothermic.

** Second electron affinity and higher are all


endothermic.-[this is because energy is required
7 to overcome the repulsion between the negative
charge on the ion and the approaching
electron.]

*** EA ≠ Electronegativity

The latter refers to the tendency of an atom to


∆HEA
attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond
Electron affinity to which the atom is bonded.

∆HIE Heat absorbed/ Minimum energy required to


remove 1 mole of electron from 1 mole of
8
First Ionisation gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of unipositive
energy gaseous ions
∆Hsub Heat absorbed when 1 mole of substance
9 Enthalpy of sublimes from solid to gas under standard
sublimation conditions.
∆Hatom(Element) Heat absorbed when 1 mole of gaseous atoms is
10 Enthalpy of formed from its element under standard
atomisation conditions.
∆Hatom(Compound) Heat absorbed when I mole of the compound is
11 Enthalpy of converted into its free gaseous atoms under
atomisation standard conditions.

12 Hess’ law The enthalpy change of a reaction is the same


and is independent of the reaction pathway.
Heat energy needed to change the physical
13 state of a substance from liquid to vapour at its
∆Hvaporisation boiling point.
Bond energy is the heat required to break I mole
14 Bond Energy of a particular type of covalent bond in the
gaseous state.

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