226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
Date:
Practical No. 02:
Observe various types of ports and its connecting devices of front & back side of the PC
A. Objectives:
Understand the various types of ports available in given computer system. Gain
hands-on experience of front and back side of given desktop system.
Learn how to connect the devices with its ports.
B. Relevant Program Outcomes (POs):
• Basic and Discipline specific knowledge (PO1): Apply knowledge of basic mathematics,
science and engineering fundamentals and engineering specialization to solve the
engineering problems.
• Life-long learning (PO7): Ability to analyse individual needs and engage in updating in
the context of technological changes in field of engineering.
C. Competency and Practical Skills:
This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the industry-identified
competency ‘observe various ports and connecting devices:
1. Competency in understanding the front and back side of the computer system
D. Relevant Course Outcomes (COs):
Evaluate the evolution of computer system on hardware technology advancement basis.
E. PracticalOutcomes:
Understand front and back side of the PC.
F. Relevant Affective domain Outcomes (ADOs):
Understand the function of various ports and connecting devices.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
A port is basically a physical docking point which is basically used to connect the external
devices to the computer, or we can say that A port act as an interface between the computer
and the external devices, e.g., we can connect hard drives, printers to the computer with the
help of ports. Features of Computer ports:
• We can connect external devices to the computer with the help of ports and cables.
• These are basically slots on motherboard where we connect external devices, or we
can plug in external devices through cables.
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
• Mouse, keyboards, printers, speakers are some examples of external devices that
connected to the computer through ports.
• These are basically used for external modems.
• These are basically available in two versions in market these are 9 pins, 25 pin
models.
• Data travels at a speed of 115 kilo-bits per second.
• These are basically used to connect peripherals such as scanners or printers.
• These are also known as printer ports.
• These are available in a 25-pin model.
• Data travels at a speed of 150 kilobits per second.
• These are basically used by old computers for connecting mouse or keyboard.
• These are called mouse ports.
• These ports are still favoured in organisation for security reason.
• These ports provide no restriction on key rollover.
• Basically, it can connect all types of external devices to the computer such as mouse,
keyboard, printers, speakers etc.
• These ports were introduced in 1997.
• Minimum 2 ports are there in every computer system.
• Data basically travels at a speed of 14mb/s which is much faster than serial port.
• The devices that use USB port gets power from a USB port.
• It is used to connect monitor to computer’s video card.
• It is 15 pin connectors.
• These were introduced by IBM in 1987.
• VGA basically utilizes analog signal hence it can only be used to lower resolution
or we can say VGA is only capable of lowering the resolution.
1. Modem Port: These are basically used to connect PC’s modem to telephone
networks.
2. Ethernet Port: These are basically used to connect Ethernet cables to the computer.
In this data may travel with a speed of 10mb/s to 100 mb/s based on the network
bandwidth.
3. Game Port: These ports are available in computer to connect joysticks which are
now replaced by USB.
4. Digital Video Interface or we can say DVI Port these are basically used to connect
flat panel LCD Monitor to the computer’s high end video graphics.
5. Sockets: Sockets are basically used to connect microphone or speakers to the sound
card of the computer.
H. Work Situation:
a. Faculty will demonstrate different types of ports available in computer system.
b. Faculty must form a group of two or three students.
c. Students group will observe different ports, connectors and its connection.
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
I. Resources Required:
Desktop PC
J. Procedure:
1. Identify different computer system available in laboratory.
2. Identify and observe different ports and connectors of desktop system.
3. Study back and front side of computer system.
K. Practical related Question:
1. Different ports of PC and its use.
Answer:
o USB Port (Universal Serial Bus) – Connects peripherals like keyboards, mice, flash drives,
and external hard drives.
o HDMI Port (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) – Transmits high-quality audio and
video to monitors, TVs, and projectors.
o VGA Port (Video Graphics Array) – Connects older monitors and projectors for video
output.
o DVI Port (Digital Visual Interface) – Used for digital video output to monitors.
o Ethernet Port (RJ-45) – Provides wired internet and network connectivity. o Audio Ports
(3.5mm Jack) – Connects headphones, microphones, and speakers.
o PS/2 Port – Used for older keyboards and mice. o Serial Port (COM Port) – Used for
connecting modems and industrial devices.
o Parallel Port (LPT Port) – Connects old printers and scanners.
o Thunderbolt Port – High-speed data transfer and display connection, commonly found in
modern laptops.
o DisplayPort – Transmits high-resolution video and audio to monitors. o eSATA Port –
Connects external storage devices like HDDs and SSDs. o SD Card Slot – Reads memory
cards used in cameras and mobile devices.
2. Different connectors available in PC and it’s use.
Answer: o USB Connector (Type-A, Type-B, Type-C, Micro, Mini) – Connects
peripherals like keyboards, mice, flash drives, and external devices. o HDMI
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
Connector – Transfers high-quality audio and video to monitors, TVs, and
projectors.
o VGA Connector – Used for connecting older monitors and projectors. o
DVI Connector – Provides digital video output to monitors. o Ethernet (RJ-
45) Connector – Connects to wired networks for internet access.
o 3.5mm Audio Jack – Used for headphones, microphones, and speakers. o
PS/2 Connector – Connects older keyboards and mice. o Serial Connector
(DB-9, DB-25) – Used for modems, industrial equipment, and older
peripherals.
o Parallel Connector (DB-25) – Connects older printers and scanners.
o SATA Connector – Connects internal storage devices like HDDs, SSDs, and
optical drives.
o eSATA Connector – Used for external hard drives and SSDs. o PCIe
Connector – Connects expansion cards like graphics cards, network cards,
and SSDs.
o M.2 Connector – Used for high-speed NVMe SSDs and Wi-Fi cards. o
Thunderbolt Connector – High-speed data transfer and display connection.
o DisplayPort Connector – Transfers high-resolution video and audio to
modern monitors.
3. Label the Back side of the PC.
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
Answer: o Audio Jacks (Green, Pink, Blue) – For headphones,
microphones, and speakers.
o HDMI Port – Connects to monitors, TVs, or projectors for video output.
o USB Ports – Used for connecting peripherals like keyboards, mice, printers,
and storage devices.
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
o Ethernet (RJ-45) Port – Provides wired network and internet connectivity.
o Parallel Port – Used for older printers and some industrial devices. o
PS/2 Ports (Purple & Green) – Connects older keyboards and mice.
o Expansion Slots – Used for adding graphics cards, sound cards, or other
expansion cards. o Power Supply Connector – Connects the PC to the
power source. o Cooling Fans – Helps with heat dissipation and system
cooling.
4. Label the frontside of the PC.
Answer: o Optical Drive (CD/DVD Drive) – Used for inserting CDs or DVDs for
reading and writing data.
o Power Button – Turns the PC on or off. o Headphone Jack – Connects
headphones or external speakers for audio output.
o Microphone Jack – Used to connect an external microphone. o USB Ports –
For connecting peripherals like flash drives, keyboards, mice, and other
USB devices.
o LED Indicator (Small Black Dot) – Indicates power or hard drive activity.
o Front Panel Cover – Provides access to internal components for
maintenance or upgrades.
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
CONNECTING DEVICES OF FRONT SIDE OF PC
[Link] PORT NAME SPECIFICATION DEVICE CONNECTOR IMAGE
1 USB Ports USB 2.0/3.0 for Keyboards, Type-A
data transfer mice, USB connectors
drives
2 Audio Jacks 3.5mm headphone Headphones, 3.5mm audio
and microphone microphones connectors
jacks
3 Card Reader Slots Supports SD, Memory Various card
MicroSD, and other cards from connectors
memory card cameras
formats
4 Power Button Used to power PC power Button (usually
on/off the PC management a toggle)
5 Reset Button Used to reboot the Quick reboot Button (usually
PC without turning a toggle)
it off
6 LED Indicators For power and hard Status Built-in LEDs
drive activity display
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
CONNECTING DEVICES OF BACK SIDE OF PC
[Link] PORT NAME SPECIFICATION DEVICE CONNECTOR IMAGE
1 PS/2 Ports For keyboard and Keyboards, PS/2 Connector
mouse connection mice
2 HDMI Port High-Definition Monitors, HDMI
Multimedia TVs Connector
Interface
3 DisplayPort Digital display Monitors DisplayPort
interface Connector
4 DVI Port Digital Visual Monitors DVI Connector
Interface
5 VGA Port Video Graphics Older VGA Connector
Array monitors
6 Ethernet Port RJ-45 for network Internet and Ethernet
connectivity network Connector
devices
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
7 USB Ports USB 2.0/3.0/3.1 for External Type-A, Type-B
data transfer drives, connectors
printers
8 Audio Ports 3.5mm jacks for Speakers, 3.5mm audio
surround sound microphones connectors
9 Power Supply For connecting the Power ATX Connector
Port power supply management
10. FireWire IEEE 1394a External Hard 6-pin (FireWire
(FireWire 400) or Drives, 400) or 9-pin
IEEE 1394b Camcorders, (FireWire 800)
(FireWire 800), Audio connector
supports data Interfaces
transfer rates of
400 Mbps (FireWire
400) or 800 Mbps
(FireWire 800)
226140307126 Computer Maintenance &Troubleshooting (4360701)
L. Assessment Rubrics:
% of
Criteria Rubrics Marks
point
Excellent (90-100%): Thorough understanding and precise
explanation with accurate and comprehensive
information.
C1: Adequate (70-89%): Good understanding with accurate
Content & 50 % presentation, covering essential aspects.
Accuracy Needs Improvement (50-69%): Basic understanding with
noticeable inaccuracies or missing details.
Insufficient (Below 50%): Significant lack of understanding
with major inaccuracies or misunderstandings.
Excellent (90-100%): Insightful analysis and logical
reasoning with coherent and well-developed arguments.
Adequate (70-89%): Reasonable analysis with logical flow
C2: and coherent arguments, though lacking depth.
Analysis / 25% Needs Improvement (50-69%): Limited analysis or logical
Testing flaws, requiring improvement in depth and coherence.
Insufficient (Below 50%): Lack of analysis or significant
logical flaws, indicating insufficient understanding or
effort.
Excellent (90-100%): Clear and concise writing with
effective use of language and appropriate terminology.
Adequate (70-89%): Mostly clear with occasional
C3: ambiguity, utilizing language appropriately.
Clarity & 25% Needs Improvement (50-69%): Lack of clarity and
Presentation confusing expression, requiring improvement in language
usage.
Insufficient (Below 50%): Poor clarity and confusing
expression, indicating significant issues in language and
presentation.
Total Marks for Practical = 0.5 * (Marks of C1) + 0.25 * (Marks of C2) + 0.25 * (Marks of C3)
Signature with Date: