Questions
1. What happens to your body when you start running?
o The autonomic nervous system increases your heart rate and blood flow to skeletal muscles.
2. Which nervous system regulates voluntary movements?
o The somatic nervous system.
3. Which part of the eye contains photoreceptors?
o The retina.
4. What happens to your leg if you step on a tack?
o It recoils before you feel the pain.
5. What does sound intensity measure?
o It is measured in decibels (dB).
6. Which receptors respond to touch and pressure?
o Mechanoreceptors.
7. What happens to the pupil in dim light?
o It becomes larger.
8. What does the sensory division of the peripheral nervous system do?
o It transmits impulses from sense organs to the central nervous system.
9. Why is there a blind spot in the eye?
o Because there are no photoreceptors where the optic nerve passes.
10. What does the somatic nervous system regulate?
o Voluntary movement.
11. What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
o Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
12. What is the function of sensory neurons?
o They transmit signals to the central nervous system.
13. Which part of the skin has a high density of touch receptors?
o The skin on your fingers.
14. What are the nerves that connect the brain to the neck called?
o Cranial nerves.
15. What type of movement uses motor neurons from the somatic nervous system?
o Voluntary movement.
16. What is the main function of semicircular canals?
o They help maintain body position and balance.
17. Which sensory receptors are absent in the brain?
o Pain receptors.
18. What strongly stimulates umami receptors?
o Monosodium glutamate (MSG).
19. Where are the cell bodies of cranial and spinal nerves arranged?
o In clusters called ganglia.
20. What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) include?
o Sensory and motor divisions.
21. Does the spinal cord control all reflexes?
o No, some reflexes are controlled by the brain, such as blinking.
22. What does the autonomic nervous system regulate?
o Involuntary movement.
23. What are changes detected by sensory receptors called?
o Stimuli.
24. What does the central nervous system (CNS) include?
o The brain and spinal cord.
25. What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system?
o It prepares the body for intense activity (fight or flight).
26. What happens to the lens of the eye when you look at a distant object?
o The lens becomes flatter to focus on the object.
27. Draw a concept map of the nervous system. Include the central and peripheral systems and their
divisions.
28. Which receptors respond to temperature?
o Thermoreceptors.
29. Where do motor neuron axons extend from?
o The spinal cord.
30. Label the diagram of the ear and trace the path of sound through the ear.
o Include the auditory canal, eardrum, ossicles (hammer, anvil, stirrup), cochlea, and cochlear
nerve.
31.
32.
33.
34. What are sensory receptors?
o Cells that detect changes in the environment (stimuli).
35. What does the pupil do in dim light?
o It becomes larger.
36. What does the retina contain?
o Photoreceptors like rods and cones.
37. What are the nerves responsible for taste and smell called?
o Chemoreceptors.
38. Draw eye diagram?
What type of sensory receptors are responsible for detecting vibrations and sound in the ear?
Mechanoreceptors.
Which part of the brain senses changes in blood temperature?
The hypothalamus.
What are the two types of photoreceptors found in the retina?
Rods and cones.
What happens to the lens of the eye when you look at a distant object?
The lens becomes flatter to focus on the object.
Which division of the nervous system controls the fight-or-flight response?
The sympathetic nervous system.
Why does bright light cause the pupil to constrict?
To reduce the amount of light entering the eye.
What is the role of the cochlea in hearing?
It converts sound vibrations into nerve impulses.
How does the body distinguish between salty and sweet tastes?
Through different sensory cells in the taste buds that respond to specific chemicals.
What is the pathway of a reflex action starting from the sensory receptor?
Sensory receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord (interneuron) → Motor neuron → Effector (muscle
or gland).
Which system decreases the heart rate during rest?
The parasympathetic nervous system.