Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
STO. NIÑO DISTRICT
TABANG INTEGRATED SCHOOL
Third Quarter Examination
Science 10
Name:_________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________________
Directions: For each of the following questions, choose the best answer by selecting the letter
of the option that best completes the statement or answers the question. Write your answer
before each number.
1. Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating metabolism and storage of
calcium in bones.
a. Pituitary b. Thyroid
c. Adrenal d. Thymus
2. The hormone responsible for stimulating growth and controlling the functions of other
glands is produced by which gland.
a. Thyroid b. Pancreas
c. Pituitary d. Pineal
3. Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels.
a. Thyroxine b. Insulin
c. Estrogen d. Adrenaline
4. Where are the adrenal glands located.
a. Behind the stomach b. On top of the kidneys
c. In the neck d. In front of the heart
5. The hormone melatonin, which regulates the biological clock, is produced by which
gland.
a. Pineal b. Pancreas
c. Thyroid d. Thymus
6. Which gland produces hormones that affect metabolism, immune system, and blood
pressure, and is located on top of the kidneys.
a. Pineal b. Thymus
c. Adrenal d. Testes
7. What is the function of the hormone parathormone.
a. Regulate metabolism b. Control calcium levels in the body
c. Stimulate sperm production d. Regulate growth
8. Where is the thyroid gland located.
a. In front of the neck, below the voice box b. Behind the stomach
c. On top of the kidneys d. In front of the heart
9. Which hormone is produced by the ovaries and helps in the maturation of egg cells
and ovulation.
a. Estrogen b. Testosterone
c. Progesterone d. Growth Hormone
10. What is the function of testosterone in males.
a. Stimulate the growth of secondary sexual characteristics
b. Regulate blood sugar
c. Stimulate the release of eggs from ovaries
d. Control bone density
11. Which of the following hormones is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates
the production of milk in females.
a. Luteinizing Hormone b. Prolactin
c. Adrenaline d. Parathormone
12. What does the hormone oxytocin primarily regulate.
a. Metabolism b. Growth
c. Uterine contractions during labor d. Blood pressure
13. The hormone cortisol, produced by the adrenal glands, is involved in regulating which
of the following.
a. Bone growth b. Stress response
c. Sperm production d. Egg maturation
14. Which of the following hormones prevents the muscle contractions of the uterus
during pregnancy.
a. Progesterone b. Testosterone
c. Estrogen d. Insulin
15. What is the primary function of the parathyroid hormone.
a. Stimulate sperm production b. Control calcium levels in the body
c. Regulate metabolism d. Affect growth and development
16. What is the result of an overproduction of thyroid hormones in the body.
a. Goiter b. Osteoporosis
c. Gigantism d. Dwarfism
17. Which of the following conditions is caused by an insufficient production of growth
hormones in the pituitary gland.
a. Osteoporosis b. Goiter
c. Gigantism d. Dwarfism
18. What happens during gigantism, a disorder caused by an overproduction of growth
hormone.
a. Increased bone mineral density b. Abnormal growth in height during childhood
c. Insufficient sperm production d. Decreased estrogen production
19. Which of the following hormones is released by the pituitary gland to stimulate the
ovaries to produce estrogen.
a. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) b. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
c. Prolactin d. Adrenaline
20. The hormone that is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual
characteristics is.
a. Progesterone b. Estrogen
c. Testosterone d. Insulin
21. What marks the beginning of the follicular phase in the menstrual cycle?
a. Ovulation b. Menstruation
c. Luteal phase d. Formation of the corpus luteum
22. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles?
a. Estrogen b. Progesterone
c. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) d. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
23. What is the main function of estrogen during the follicular phase?
a. Stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles b. Help mature the egg
c. Thicken the uterine lining (endometrium) d. Inhibit ovulation
24. What happens during ovulation?
a. The egg is fertilized b. The egg is released from the ovary
c. The uterine lining sheds d. The corpus luteum degenerates
25. Which hormone triggers ovulation by causing a surge in its levels?
a. Estrogen b. Progesterone
c. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) d. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
26. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum form?
a. Follicular phase b. Ovulation
c. Luteal phase d. Menstruation
27. What hormone does the corpus luteum secrete after ovulation?
a. Estrogen b. Progesterone
c. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) d. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
28. What happens if the egg is not fertilized during the luteal phase?
a. The egg implants in the uterine lining
b. The corpus luteum continues producing progesterone
c. The corpus luteum degenerates and estrogen levels decrease
d. The uterine lining thickens further
29. If pregnancy occurs, what hormone is released by the fertilized egg to maintain the
pregnancy?
a. Estrogen b. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
c. Progesterone d. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
30. How long does the menstrual cycle typically last?
a. 14 days b. 28 days
c. 40 days d. 35 days
31. What is one common symptom of the luteal phase or premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?
a. Increased estrogen levels b. Abdominal cramping and bloating
c. Surge in LH d. Increased progesterone secretion
32. What is the role of progesterone in the luteal phase?
a. Stimulate follicular growth
b. Thickens the uterine lining and supports pregnancy
c. Triggers ovulation
d. Causes the egg to mature
33. What is the primary function of the nervous system?
a. Producing hormones
b. Controlling and coordinating organ systems
c. Breaking down food for digestion
d. Producing blood cells
34. What is the main function of the brain?
a. Transmitting nerve signals
b. Organizing and distributing information to the body
c. Maintaining posture and balance
d. Regulating body temperature
35. Which part of the brain controls automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate?
a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum
c. Brain stem d. Spinal cord
36. Which part of the brain is responsible for coordination and balance?
a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum
c. Brain stem d. Spinal cord
37. What does the spinal cord do?
a. Controls balance and posture
b. Processes information from the brain
c. Serves as a channel for signals between the brain and body
d. Organizes and distributes body movements
38. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
a. Brain b. Spinal cord
c. Cranial nerves d. Cerebellum
39. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) connects the CNS to which of the following?
a. Brain b. Spinal cord
c. Organs and limbs d. Reflexes
40. What is the role of the Somatic Nervous System?
a. Involuntary control of body movements b. Voluntary control of body movements
c. Regulating heart rate and digestion d. Maintaining posture and balance
41. Which part of the Somatic Nervous System carries sensory and motor signals between
the spinal cord and the body?
a. Cranial nerves b. Spinal nerves
c. Autonomic nerves d. Sensory neurons
42. Which part of the Autonomic Nervous System is activated during stress and increases
heart rate and breathing?
a. Parasympathetic Nervous System b. Sympathetic Nervous System
c. Somatic Nervous System d. Central Nervous System
43. What is the main role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
a. Increases heart rate during exercise
b. Restores the body to a relaxed state after stress
c. Stimulates digestion and sweating
d. Controls voluntary body movements
44. What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
a. Synapse b. Nerve cell (neuron)
c. Spinal cord d. Brain stem
45. What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?
a. Carry impulses away from the cell body b. Carry impulses toward the cell body
c. Transmit signals across the synapse d. Protect the neuron
46. What does the axon of a neuron do?
a. Carry impulses toward the cell body b. Transmit signals across the synapse
c. Carry impulses away from the cell body d. Store neurotransmitters
47. What is the name of the gap between two neurons?
a. Synapse b. Axon
c. Dendrite d. Nucleus
48. What is the primary function of the cerebrum?
a. Control balance b. Regulate breathing
c. Organize and distribute information for the body d. Maintain posture
49. Which of the following structures connects the brain to the spinal cord?
a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum
c. Brain stem d. Spinal nerves
50. What is the role of the brain stem?
a. Control voluntary movements
b. Control automatic functions like digestion and heart rate
c. Regulate muscle coordination
d. Process sensory information
51. Which division of the Autonomic Nervous System helps to restore the body to a
relaxed state?
a. Sympathetic Nervous System b. Parasympathetic Nervous System
c. Somatic Nervous System d. Central Nervous System
52. What happens when the brain and spinal cord are damaged in terms of signal
transmission?
a. Nerve signals can still be sent through the Peripheral Nervous System
b. The body is able to compensate with other organs
c. Signal transmission is disrupted or completely blocked
d. Reflexes still function normally
53. Which of the following describes the structure of DNA?
a. Single-stranded, ribose sugar
b. Double-stranded, deoxyribose sugar
c. Single-stranded, ribose sugar
d. Double-stranded, ribose sugar
54. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA but not in DNA?
a. Thymine (T) b. Uracil (U)
c. Adenine (A) d. Cytosine (C)
55. What is the main function of DNA?
a. Transcribing RNA to protein b. Storing genetic material
c. Translating codons into amino acids d. Synthesizing ribosomal RNA
56. What is the main function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?
a. Translate mRNA codons into amino acids
b. Transcribe the DNA nucleotide bases into RNA nucleotide bases
c. Bind the mRNA and tRNA
d. Store genetic information
57. Which type of RNA ensures that codons are translated correctly during protein
synthesis?
a. mRNA b. rRNA
c. tRNA d. DNA
58. What is the role of transfer RNA (tRNA) during protein synthesis?
a. Binds mRNA and ribosomes
b. Transcribes the genetic code from DNA
c. Translates mRNA codons into the correct amino acids
d. Synthesizes ribosomal RNA
59. Which of the following are the two stages of protein synthesis?
a. Replication and translation b. Transcription and translation
c. Translation and duplication d. Transcription and replication
60. Which sugar is found in RNA but not in DNA?
a. Ribose b. Deoxyribose
c. Glucose d. Fructose
II. Transcribing DNA strand to mRNA and translating mRNA codons to Amino Acids
Directions:
Transcribe the bottom DNA strand into mRNA, then translate the mRNA codons into the
corresponding amino acids using the genetic code chart.
1. DNA Strand:
TAC GGC TAA CCG GAT TGC
DNA bottom:
mRNA: __________
Amino acids: __________
2. DNA Strand:
ATG CCG TGC GAT TAA GGC
DNA bottom:
mRNA: __________
Amino acids: __________
3. DNA Strand:
GAT TCG ATA GCG AAT CTC
DNA bottom:
mRNA: __________
Amino acids: __________
4. DNA Strand:
CAG TAA GAC GGT ACT GAT
DNA bottom:
mRNA: __________
Amino acids: __________
5. DNA Strand:
GAC GTT ACA GGT CAA GCT
DNA bottom:
mRNA: __________
Amino acids: __________
Here are the answers to your multiple-choice questions and the DNA transcriptions:
I. Multiple Choice:
1. b. Thyroid
2. c. Pituitary
3. b. Insulin
4. b. On top of the kidneys
5. a. Pineal
6. c. Adrenal
7. b. Control calcium levels in the body
8. a. In front of the neck, below the voice box
9. a. Estrogen
10. a. Stimulate the growth of secondary sexual characteristics
11. b. Prolactin
12. c. Uterine contractions during labor
13. b. Stress response
14. a. Progesterone
15. b. Control calcium levels in the body
16. a. Goiter
17. d. Dwarfism
18. b. Abnormal growth in height during childhood
19. b. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
20. c. Testosterone
21. b. Menstruation
22. c. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
23. c. Thicken the uterine lining (endometrium)
24. b. The egg is released from the ovary
25. c. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
26. c. Luteal phase
27. b. Progesterone
28. c. The corpus luteum degenerates and estrogen levels decrease
29. d. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
30. b. 28 days
31. b. Abdominal cramping and bloating
32. b. Thickens the uterine lining and supports pregnancy
33. b. Controlling and coordinating organ systems
34. b. Organizing and distributing information to the body
35. c. Brain stem
36. b. Cerebellum
37. c. Serves as a channel for signals between the brain and body
38. c. Cranial nerves
39. c. Organs and limbs
40. b. Voluntary control of body movements
41. b. Spinal nerves
42. b. Sympathetic Nervous System
43. b. Restores the body to a relaxed state after stress
44. b. Nerve cell (neuron)
45. b. Carry impulses toward the cell body
46. c. Carry impulses away from the cell body
47. a. Synapse
48. c. Organize and distribute information for the body
49. c. Brain stem
50. b. Control automatic functions like digestion and heart rate
51. b. Parasympathetic Nervous System
52. c. Signal transmission is disrupted or completely blocked
53. b. Double-stranded, deoxyribose sugar
54. b. Uracil (U)
55. b. Storing genetic material
56. b. Transcribe the DNA nucleotide bases into RNA nucleotide bases
57. c. tRNA
58. c. Translates mRNA codons into the correct amino acids
59. b. Transcription and translation
60. a. Ribose
II. Transcription and Translation:
1. DNA Strand: TAC GGC TAA CCG GAT TGC
mRNA: AUG CCG AUU GGC CUA ACG
Amino acids: Met-Pro-Ile-Gly-Leu-Thr
2. DNA Strand: ATG CCG TGC GAT TAA GGC
mRNA: UAC GGC ACG CUA AUU CCG
Amino acids: Tyr-Gly-Thr-Leu-Ile-Pro
3. DNA Strand: GAT TCG ATA GCG AAT CTC
mRNA: CUA AGC UAU CGC UUA GAG
Amino acids: Leu-Ser-Tyr-Arg-Leu-Glu
4. DNA Strand: CAG TAA GAC GGT ACT GAT
mRNA: GUC AUU CUG CCA UGA CUA
Amino acids: Val-Ile-Leu-Pro-Stop-Leu
5. DNA Strand: GAC GTT ACA GGT CAA GCT
mRNA: CUG CAA UGU CCA GUU CGA
Amino acids: Leu-Gln-Cys-Pro-Val-Arg