Set 1

Group A 1x15 = 15
1. Write very short answer of the following questions.
a. State Newton’s law of gravitation.
Newton’s law of gravitation states that everybody in the universe
attracts each other by a force which is directly proportional to the
Nepal Rastriya Secondary School product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between their centers.
Jeetpursimara-2, Simara, Bara b. Write the value of atmospheric pressure at sea level.
053-521724, 9841937194,9849134976 105 Pa or 760 mm of Hg
c. Write any example of radioactive elements.
Uranium and Radium
d. Write the formula and SI unit of power of lens.
P = and Diopter.
e. What is heating element? Give its example.
The resister which converts the electrical energy into heat energy is

Faculty Of Science called heating element.

f. State Mendeleev’s periodic law.
“Physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic
function of their atomic weight.”
g. Give any two example of acid which do not have sour taste.
Boric acid and stearic acid
h. Write the electronic configuration of gold.
1S2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s1 4f14 5d10
i. What is saponification?
The process of breaking fat into soap and glycerol on heating with
sodium hydroxide is called saponification.
j. Write the time period of pupa of honey bee that forms queen and
drone.
7.5 days and 14.5 days.
k. What are the two parts of central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord.
 l. Write an organ that produces the uric acid.
Kidney. 4. It is given a big jerk before being used again of a clinical
m. What is gene? thermometer, why?
A particular segment of DNA molecules which determines the Clinical thermometer has constriction near the bulb; due to it mercury
heredity of a particular trait is called gene. level does not fall even if it lowers temperature. So to bring the mercury to
n. Which parts change into seed and fruit after fertilization? initial level we should give big jerk.
Ovule into seed and ovary into fruit. 5. Why the inner wall of a fluorescent lamp is coated with fluorescent
o. What is geological time scale? powder?
A time scale that covers the earth history from its origin to present is It is because when electron from cathode strikes the Hg atoms, UV rays
called geological time scale. are produced. When UV rays strike the fluorescent powder produces the
Group B 2x13 = 26 visible light.
6. Why are members of VIIA called halogens?
2. Prove that F = It is because they form salt when they react with metals.
7. Write a chemical reaction carried out by catalyst.
2H2O2 2H2O + O2
8. Solution of ammonia is called weak alkali, why?
Ammonia solution does not give higher concentration of hydroxyl ion
Let, M1 and M2 are two masses and d be the distance between their when dissolve in water. Hence its solution is weak alkali.
centers. F is gravitational force exerted between them, then 9. Why is methane also known as marsh gas?
from Newton's law of gravitation, It is because methane is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal
Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of theirs masses, lying at the bottom of stagnant water in marshy area.
i.e. F M1×M2 -------------- i) ( .distance remains constant) 10. Why silkworm is called queen of fiber?
Inversely proportional to the square of distance between theirs centers, It is because silkworm gives natural silk fibre soft, shiny, strong, durable,
i.e. F --------------ii) ( .masses remain constant) and longest of all natural fibres.
Combining (i) and ( ii) we get, 11. Write any two characteristics of a person suffering from downs
syndrome.
F
Person suffering from Down’s syndrome has short stature, small round
F = G [where G is universal gravitational constant and head, furrow tongue, partially opened mouth, small stubby fingers.
its value is 6.67 × 10-11 Nm2/kg2]
3. Why is it easier to pull a bucket of water from the well until it is inside
the water but difficult when it is out of water.
It is because the water exerts more upthrust on the bucket than air. Until
the bucket inside the water, it experiences greater upthrust of water and
weight of water becomes less. But when it goes out of water it
experiences the negligible upthrust of air and weight becomes heavier.
12. Write any two differences between sensory nerve and motor nerve. 16. Draw a well labeled diagram of step down transformer.
Sensory nerve Motor nerve

It carries impulses from various It carries impulses from the brain or

parts of body to the brain or to the spinal cord to the various parts of body.
spinal cord.

Impulses carried by sensory Impulses carried by motor nerves result

17. Write the conditions required for the formation of ammonia gas in
nerves result in sensation. in some movement or action.
Haber’s process.
i. nitrogen and hydrogen in the ratio of 1 : 3 should be passed in heating
13. Write any two importance of variation. chamber.
i. They enable the organisms to adapt themselves in changing ii. Temperature should be 5000C and 200 atm. pressure is needed.
environment. iii. Iron as a catalyst and molybdenum as a promoter.
ii. They form basis of heredity. 18. How is compost fertilizer made? Explain.
14. A comet is not actually a star. Give any two evidences in favor of these i. A trench of about 5m long, 1.5m wide and 1.5m depth is dug.
statements. ii. A layer of well mixed refuse and waste is spread in it for 30cm
i. It moves in highly elongated orbit around the sun. thickness.
ii. It does not have own light. iii. This layer is made wet with water, mixture of cow dung and some mud.
Group C 3x6 = 18 Iv. A second layer of mixed refuse is spread over the first layer till the
15. Redraw the given diagram and complete it. Also write two natures of heap rises to project above the ground level by about half meter.
the image formed along with its one application. The setup is left for about 3 months. Then trench is opened, its material
is taken out and rearrange in conical heaps and covered with soil. After
50 – 60 days later compost will be ready.
19. How does air pollution inhibit biological growth of plants? Explain.
Sunlight is very important for plants for photosynthesis. But increasing air
pollution causes reduction in solar radiation due to which plants do not get
enough light for their proper growth and development. This causes the
inhibition in biological growth of plants.
20. Why did Mendel select Pea plant for his experiment?
Nature of images: i. It is naturally self-pollinated. Also artificial cross pollination can
i. image is real be made.
ii. Image is inverted, diminished. ii. It has number of contrasting characters.
It is used in photographic camera. iii. Life cycle is of short duration.
 Group D 4x4= 16 they possess thin cell. Other insecticides like BHC, aldrin dialdrin also
21. The diagram below represents a certain category of blood vessel show the similar effects.
showing the role of a special structure in their walls. 24. The radius of the earth is 6.4 × 103 km height of the Mount Everest is
i. Name the kind of blood vessel shown. 8848 km. If the value of "g" at the surface of the earth is 9.8m/s2,
Vein. calculate the value of g at the top of Mount Everest. Also find the
ii. What is the structure shown inside the weight of the body of mass 25 kg on the top of the Mount Everest.
blood vessel?
Semi circular valve. Here,
iii. What is the role of these structures? We have,
It blocks the back flow of blood Radius of the earth(R)= 6.4 × 103km= 6.4 × 106 m
iv. Are these structures present in any other kind of blood Height of Mount Everest (h) = 8848 m= 8.848 × 103 m
vessels? If so, name it. Value of g at the surface (g) = 9.8 m/s2
Yes in the aorta and pulmonary artery. Value of g at the top of Mt. Everest (g1) = ?
22. Write any four misconceptions of zodiac sign. we have,
Misconception of zodiac sign are:
i. There are only 12 zodiacs but there are millions of [Link] one =
cannot forecast the future of people on the basis of their zodiac.
ii. There is no scientific reason about travel and starting good work on
g1 = x 9.8
the basis of zodiac, name, and days.
iii. Constellations form pattern clearly resembling people, animal or = 0.997 × 9.8
object. = 9.77 m/s2
iv. All the stars in the constellations are near to each other. But they are The acceleration due to gravity at the top of Mount Everest is 9.77 m/s2.
very far from each other. Now, Mass of object (m) = 25 kg
23. How does chemical pollution occur due to the use of insecticides? Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.77 m/s2
Explain. weight = m × g = 25 × 9.77
Insecticides are targeted to harmful insects. They kill not only harmful = 244.25N
insects, but also useful one. Each and every organism is a part of The weight of a body is 244.25N.
environment. The destruction of insects and other organism causes the
ecosystem to lose the balance and it gets polluted. DDT is the cheapest
insecticide. It is widely used in under developed country. It has many side
effects on physical and biological [Link] is not biodegradable.
This fact seems to have been dangerous to human, as human eat the fish
which are in such polluted water. Person working with DDT become
victim of respiratory disease. It affects the growth and reproductive ability
of birds, fish. Birds lay less number of eggs, all eggs are not fertile and
 n. What is mutation?
Set 2 . The sudden chromosomal change so that very new characters are seen in the
Group 'A' 15×1=15 offspring from their parents is called mutation.
1. Write very short answer of the following questions. o. Define ozone layer depletion.
a. Write the value of acceleration due to gravity at the pole and equator of the Destruction of O3 results in thinning the layer of ozone is called ozone layer
earth. depletion.
At pole 9.83 m/s2 and at equator 9.77 m/s2. Group B 13x 2 = 26
b. State Pascal's law. 2. Study the given diagram and answer the following questions.
When pressure is applied to the liquid enclosed in a vessel, it transmits equally i. What is the weight of weighted object in air?
in all directions perpendicularly. Weight of object in air = Weight of object in liquid + upthrust
c. What are the types of energy sources based on time of replacement? Write 12 + 2 = 14 N
their names. ii. How much upthrust is exerted by the liquid on that object?
Renewable energy source = hydroelectricity. Non- renewable energy source = 2N ( upthrust = weight of liquid displaced )
coal iii. Calculate the mass of the object.
d. What is shortsightedness? m = w/g = 14/10=1.4 kg
The defect of vision in which the person can see nearby object but cannot see 3. Write any two points to justify that the urbanization brings energy crisis.
the distant object is called short sightedness. i. The number of vehicle increases which brings energy crisis.
e. Define1unit of electricity. ii. It leads to increase the industries which requires more energy.
The energy consumed by an electric device having power 1 KW in one hour is 4. Deserts are very hot during the day and very cold during the night.
called one unit electricity. Give reason.
f. State the Modern Periodic law. The specific heat capacity of sand is low i.e. 800 J/Kg0C so that it heats fast and
The physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic function cools fast. Hence during day it is heated faster and we feel hot and at night sand
of their atomic number. is cooled faster and we feel very cold.
g. What is meant by combination reaction? 5. Which type of transformer is given in the figure? Which substance is used
If two or more than two elements or compounds combined together to form a to laminate its core? The number of turns of primary coil and the number
single compound, this type of chemical reaction is called combination reaction. of turns of secondary coil in a transformer are never made equal, why?
h. Name any one base with its molecular formula.  It is step down transformer.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)  Varnish or Shellac is used to laminate the transformer
i. Write two ores of aluminum metal.  Transformer is used to alter the ac voltage. If number
Bauxite and Feldspar of turn of primary coil is equal to the secondary coil
j. Name two types of silkworms cultivated in Nepal. the we cannot alter the ac voltage.
SERI and ERI 6. What is the cause for placing Calcium in IIA group of the modern periodic
k. What is hormone? table?
The chemical secreted by ductless gland or endocrine gland is called hormone. Calcium has 2 electrons in its valence shell. Hence it is kept in group IIA.
l. What is chromosomal disorder? 7. How does heat enhance the rate of chemical reaction? Explain in short.
The disorder in a body caused by change in number and structure of On increasing the temperature, the molecules of the reactant start to move and
chromosome is called chromosomal disorder. decomposition of molecules occur which enhances the rate of chemical reaction.
m. Name any two organisms which are reproduced by multiple fission.
Plasmodium and Chlamydomonas.
8. How is saturated hydrocarbon differed from unsaturated hydrocarbon? 13. Why vegetative propagation is beneficial to the farmers? Justify it with
Write any two differences. two reasons.
Saturated hydrocarbon Unsaturated hydrocarbon i. The plant which do not produce viable seeds can be easily propagated
by this method.
Carbon atoms are bounded together Carbon atoms are bounded together by ii. It is cheap and rapid method relative to long period of seed dormancy.
by single covalent bond. double or triple covalent bond. 14. Why does the tail of a comet visible when it approaches near the sun?
Explain in short.
They are less active. They are more active. The surface of comet is covered by ice. When it comes nearer to the sun, the
ice evaporates. The sun light falls on the evaporated ice and it seems long tail
They have only one group which is They have two groups which are of the comet due to solar wind.
alkane. alkene and alkyne. Group 'C' 6×3=18
15. If the mass of the moon is 7.2×1022kg and radius is 1.7×106m, what will be
the acceleration due to gravity of the moon? What will be the weight on
9 Excessive uses of chemical fertilizers causes chemical pollution. How? the moon of a person having 60Kg mass?
i. Chemical fertilizer increases the acidity of soil. M= kg
ii. It causes the water pollution. R= m
10. Honey bee is very important insect for human beings and plants. Write g= =
any two reasons.
i. Honey produced by honey bee is good food that includes most of the g = 1.66m/s2
W = m x g = 60 x 1.66 = 99.06 N
substances such as enzyme, vitamins, water and minerals useful for our
16. Study the given table of specific heat capacities of the three different
body. substances and answer the following questions:
ii. Honey bee helps in the pollination which increases the productivity of Substance Sp. heat capacity (J/kg°C)
crops. A 910
11. Write any two differences between cerebrum and cerebellum. B 380
C 470
Cerebrum Cerebellum i. What is meant by specific heat capacity of the substance A is 910
J/kg°C?
It controls the sense of smell, It keeps the body posture in balance. It means that 910 J heat energy is required to raise the temperature of
memory, speech etc. one kg of substance A by 10C.
If it is injured the person goes to If it is injured the body becomes ii. Which one of the given substances will gain more temperature
coma. unbalanced and vomiting occurs. while heating equal mass of all the three substances with equal
amount of heat? Give reason.
B reaches maximum temperature, because specific heat capacity of B
12. What preventive measures should be adopted for the disease diabetes? is less than other and it can't absorb more heat, so it is heated fast.
i. By reducing the body weight iii. Which will go down more in depth while keeping equal mass at the
ii. By reducing the stress and avoiding the use of tobacco and alcohol three substances heated for the same temperature of 100°C and
iii. By regular exercise. kept on a wax slab, why?
 A reaches up to maximum depth because A has high specific heat 22. The given figure shows the laboratory preparation of ammonia gas.
capacity and can remain hot and releases the more amount of heat for Answer the following questions after observing the given figure.
long time. i. Write the balanced chemical reaction for laboratory preparation of
17. In what way we use the neutralization reaction in our daily life? Write any ammonia gas by this method.
three examples. 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 CaCl2 +2NH3 + 2H2O
The uses of neutralization reaction in our daily life are as follows:
a. Farmers use this reaction to neutralize the acidity or basic property of soil. ii. Why the mouth of hard glass test tube is inclined downward?
b. People use the antacid tablet to neutralize the acidity of stomach. During the chemical reaction water also forms and if the test tube is not
c. Using soap for the treatment of ant or bee bite. inclined water may cause the crack the test tube. Hence to prevent from
18. Write any three applications of ceramics. cracking, test tube is inclined.
Uses of ceramics are as follows. iii. Ammonia gas cannot be collected over water. Why?
a. To make the cup, plate etc. It is soluble in water so it is not collected over the water.
b. To make the false teeth. iv Which color of litmus paper can help to confirm that the gas jar is filled
c. To make the electrical devices. with ammonia gas?
19. What are the advantages of tissue culture? Red wet litmus paper can help to confirm that the gas jar is filled
i. Rare plants can be conserved. with ammonia gas.
ii. Hybrid plants can be grown. 23. Show a chart with Mendel’s result of cross between long winged
iii. Plants with disease resistant can be grown. drosophila (LL) and short winged drosophila (II) upto second generation
iv. A number of plants can be grown from a single plant in short time. showing phenotype and genotype.
20. How would you conserve and manage the sources of water?
i. Killing aquatic animals and using poisons and electronic equipment must be
banned.
ii. Afforestation should be done.
iii. Polluted water must be treated, surface water must be store.
Iv. We should not throw the waste product in the water resource.
Group 'D' 4×4=16
21 Draw the ray diagram of convex lens which makes the erect image. Also
mention the any two natures of the image thus formed. If the power of a
hand lens is +5D, what should be the distance between hand lens and the
book to read it properly?

Nature of image are: erect, virtual and highly magnified. Phenotype = long wing: short wing = 3:1
P = 5D Genotype = pure long wing: hybrid long wing: pure short wing = 1:2:1
f= ?
p = = = 0.2 m
24. Write the evolution process occurred on the Mesozoic and Cenozoic era.
Also mention the differences between Mesozoic era and palaeozoic era. Set 3
Evolution, development and extinction of dinosaur occurred in Mesozoic era.
Group A (1x 15= 15)
Evolution and development of human beings occurred in Cenozoic era.
Differences between Mesozoic and Palaeozoic era are: 1. Answer the short questions.
a. What is free fall?
Mesozoic era Paleozoic era When an object is falling towards the surface of the earth or planet only under
the influence of gravity without any external resistance is called free fall.
Reptiles were dominant Amphibians were dominant b. Write the factors which affect the pressure.
The factors which affect the pressure are force and area.
First flowering plants were appeared. First land plants were appeared.
c. What is bio fuel?
Fuel obtained from waste of living organism or dead part of living organism is
First dinosaurs appeared. First land invertebrates appeared
called bio fuel.
d. What is the near point and far point of the normal eye?
Near point and far point of human eye are 25cm and infinity respectively.
e. Write the full form of CFL.
Full form of CFL is Compact Fluorescent Lamp.
f. The physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic
function of their atomic mass. What does it mean?
If elements are arranged on the basis of their atomic weight then there will be
periodic repetition of physical and chemical properties of elements after some
interval.
g. What is neutralization reaction?
The reaction between acid and base which forms neutral substances and
destroy the properties of both acid and base is called neutralization reaction.
h. What is acidic salt?
The salt formed by partial displacement of hydrogen from an acid is called
acidic salt.
i. Write any two ores of iron.
Haematite and Magnetite are two ores of iron.
j. What is sericulture?
The rearing of silkworm for the commercial production of silk fiber is called
sericulture.
k. What is cerebrospinal fluid?
The fluid present in the brain and spinal cord is called cerebrospinal fluid
which reduces the mechanical shock and injury.
l. What is chromosomal disorder? 7. External cover of plane is made from aluminum? Why?
The disorder in the body caused by change in number and structure of Aluminum is light metal and does not get rusted. Hence external cover of plane
chromosome is called chromosomal disorder. is made from aluminum
m. What type of asexual reproduction is found in hydra and onion? 8. What are the importance of potassium for plants? Write two example of
Hydra = budding and onion = stem vegetative propagation. fertilizer which contain potassium.
n. What is gene? Potassium is necessary for the proper growth of root and flower and also it
A particular segment of DNA molecules which determines the heredity of a helps to make the disease resistant plant. KCl and KNO3 are example of
particular trait is called gene. fertilizers which contain potassium.
o. What is comet? 9. Write any two differences between acid and base.
The heavenly bodies revolving around the sun in long elliptical orbit which Acid Base
consist of gas dust and ice and tail can be seen when it approaches near the sun They are sour in taste They are bitter in taste
is called comet.
Group B 2x13=26 They give hydrogen ion when They give hydroxyl ion when dissolve
2. The weight of object is more in air than in water, why? dissolve in water. in water.
Due to the more upthrust of water some weight of object is reduced. Hence
weight of object is more in air than in water.
10. Why are the eggs of silkworm kept in cold places during winter?
3. Urbanization brings energy crisis. Justify with two reasons.
Food of silkworm is mulberry leaf and mulberry leaves are not available in
Due to increase in population more vehicles run which needs more energy and
winter. To avoid from hatching, the eggs are store in cold place.
we need to establish more industry which uses more energy. It leads to energy
11. Write any two reasons of doing tissue culture.
crisis.
i. To conserve rare plants.
4. Write the differences between step up and step down transformer.
ii. To produce large number of plants from single plant.
Step up transformer Step down transformer
12. Write the types of chromosomes on the basis of position of centromere.
It increases the ac voltage. It decreases the ac voltage. a) Metacentric b) Sub-metacentric c) Acrocentric d) Telocentric
13. Write any two symptoms of diabetes.
It has more turns in secondary coil. It has more turns in primary coil. a) Passing out of sugar in urine b) Excessive thirst and hunger
14. Which era is called era of reptile? Why?
In Mesozoic era most of the reptilian were evolved and reptilian were in peak.
5. Define heat and temperature on the basis of molecular theory. Hence, Mesozoic era is called era of reptile.
Heat: It is the sum of kinetic energy of vibrating molecules. Group C 3x6=18
Temperature: It is the average kinetic energy of vibrating molecules. 15. If the mass of Jupiter is 1.9 x 1027 kg and radius is 71 x 103 km. then
6. What is endothermic reaction? Write with an example. calculate the acceleration due to gravity on its surface. What will be the
The chemical reaction which absorbs the heat from surrounding is called mass of an object on the surface of Jupiter if the mass of object is 50 kg on
endothermic reaction. the earth?
2KClO3 heat 2KCl + 3O2 Mass of Jupiter (M) = 1.9 x 1027 kg
Radius (R) = 71 x 103 km = 71 x 106 m
 Acceleration due to gravity (g) =? 18. Study the given structural formula and answer the questions given below.
By using formula,

g=

a. Write name molecular formula and condensed formula of given

= compound.
Name of compound = glycerol
= Condensed formula = CH2OH – CHOH – CH2OH
Molecular formula = C3H5(OH)3.
= 25.13 m / s2.
b. Write any two uses of given compound.
Mass of object on Jupiter is same. i.e. 50 kg
Uses of glycerol are:
16. A copper ball of mass 2000gm at 1000C is dipped in water of mass 5 kg. If
- It is used in ink of stamp pad
final temperature is 150C then calculate the initial temperature of water.
- It is used in cosmetics
Specific heat capacity of copper and water is 380 J/Kg0C and 4200 J/Kg0C
b. Write the name and molecular formula of a compound which is formed
respectively.
Mass of copper (m1) = 2000 gm = 2 kg by the replacement of three hydroxyl radical of given compound by
Temperature of copper (t1) = 1000C three hydrogen.
Sp. heat capacity of copper (s1) = 380 J/Kg0C The name of compound = propane
Mass of water ( m2) = 5 kg Molecular formula = C3H8.
Final temperature (T) = 150C 19. A figure of human brain is given below. Answer
Let initial temperature of water is tw the given questions on the basis of figure.
Now, a. Write any two differences between part D and C
According to principle of calorimetry
Heat loss = Heat gain
m1 x s1 x dt1 = m2 x s2 xdt2 D C
2 x 380 x (100 – 15) = 5 x 4200 x (15 – tw) D is cerebrum and it covers large area. C is cerebellum and it covers less area.
tw = 11.90C
17. Write any two elements of VIA group. Which element is more reactive It controls emotion, speech, etc. It helps in the movement of muscle.
between them? Why?
Oxygen and sulphur are the elements found in VIA group.
Oxygen is more reactive than sulphur because both of them are non-metals b. In the given figure, what is the work of B?
and oxygen has smaller atomic size. In non-metal reactivity is inversely B is medulla oblongata The function of B are:
proportional to the atomic size due to decrease in attraction force between - It controls heartbeat, blood pressure etc.
proton and valence electron. - It regulates sneezing coughing etc.
20. Show a chart with Mendel’s result of cross between long winged c. Which lens should use to remove such defect?
drosophila (LL) and short winged drosophila (II) upto second To remove this defect concave lens of suitable focal length should be used.
generation showing phenotype and genotype. [Link] defect corrected diagram of eye by using lens.

22. Answer the following questions on the basis of given diagram.

a. Which gas is collected in gas jar?
Carbon dioxide gas is collected in gas jar.
[Link] the chemicals required for this process.
Calcium carbonate and dil. HCl
c. How is urea prepared from this gas? Write with equation.
Urea can be produce by heating carbon dioxide and ammonia under high
Phenotype = long wing: short wing = 3:1 pressure and at 15000C.
Genotype = pure long wing: hybrid long: pure short = 1:2:1 CO2 + 2NH3 NH2 _CO- NH2 + H2O

23. Draw internal structure of human heart and describe blood circulation in
it.
Group D 4x4=16
21. A student at last bench cannot see anything written in board but can
read book easily. On the basis of this, answer the following questions.
a. What type of defect does he/ she have?
Short sightedness.
[Link] a cause of such defect.

Superior venacava receives deoxygenated blood from upper body parts and
It is due to cause of elongation of eye ball and Ciliary muscle could not stretch
inferior venacava from lower body parts to right auricle. During contraction of
the eye lens.
auricle, this blood goes to the right ventricle through tricuspid valve and from it
 blood goes to lungs through pulmonary artery to purify the blood. After the
purification of blood in lungs, oxygenated blood flows toward the heart through
pulmonary veins and collected in left auricle. Then blood goes to left ventricle.
Due to the contraction blood moves towards aorta and then distributed in
different body parts.

24. How does CFC deplete ozone layer? Write the chemical equation. Also
explain the role of Kyoto protocol on mitigation and adaptation of climate
change.
When CFC reaches to stratosphere, due to the action of ultraviolet radiation it
decomposes into nascent chlorine which converts ozone into oxygen.
CFCl3 uv-rays CFCl2 + Cl

Cl + O3 uv-rays O2 + ClO

2ClO uv-rays 2Cl + O2

The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to United Nation
Framework Convention on Climate change. It commits to reduce the emission of
greenhouse [Link] protocol specially targets to reduce greenhouse gases
emission.
 SET 4 B 910 J/kg/0C
Group "A"15×1=15
1. Write short answer the questions. C 138kg/0C
a) What is universal gravitational constant? Write its SI unit.
b) State Pascal's law. Write any two equipments based on i) If A, B and C are taken in equal mass and heated by giving equal heat, which one of them
Pascal's law. gains the maximum temperature and why?
c) What is nuclear fusion? Write its equation. ii) Which one of them is suitable for cooling and heating purpose? Why?
d) What is meant by accommodation of eye? iii) If equal mass of A and B are taken at 800C and left to cool, which will be cooled faster and
e) Define 1 unit of electricity. why?
f) What is the relationship between size of atoms and reactivity in case of non-metals? 17. Write any two ores of Iron. The external cover of aeroplane is made from aluminium instead of
g) What is endothermic reaction? Give an example. iron. Give two reasons.
h) Write down the structural formula of ethane and butane. 18. Why magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide are called antacids? Write the balanced
i) Write any two adverse effects of chemical pollution. chemical equation for the formation of acidic salt by the reaction between strong acid and weak
j) What is goiter? base.
k) What is chromosomal disorder? 19. What is vegetative propagation? Give any three points to show the importances of vegetative
l) What type of asexual reproduction takes place in hydra and tapeworm? propagation.
m) Write the functions of pericardial fluid. 20. Explain the present scenario of air pollution in Kathmandu valley. Write any two control
n) What is mutation? measures of air pollution.
o) What is ozone layer depletion? Group "D" 4×4=16
Group "B" 13×2=26 21. A convex lens has a focal length of 4cm. If a pencil is placed twice of its focal length then,
2. Government of Nepal gives the subsidy in solar equipments. Why? i) Draw a clear ray diagram to show the formation of image of pencil.
3. An egg sinks in pure water but floats in saturated solution of salt. Why? ii) Write the nature of image.
4. Study the given transformer and answer the following iii) Calculate the magnification of image.
questions. iv) What is the power of lens?
i. What type of transformer is it? Why? 22. Draw a neat and labeled diagram showing laboratory preparation of gas which is acidic in nature.
ii. Calculate the number of secondary coil. Also write the balanced chemical equation of chemical reaction of that gas formed. What
5. 10 bulbs of 40 watt each and 2 heaters of 1200 watt each happens when this gas is passed through slaked lime for a while?
are used for two hours daily. Find the units of [Link] the monohybrid cross between black male rabbit and white female rabbit takes place, all
electricity consumed in 30 days. offspring of F1 generation were black. Why were not white offspring seen in F 1 generation?
6. Give the electronic configuration of magnesium in terms Show this process with the help of chart up to F 2generation. Also write genotypic and
of sub shell. Write its block and period on the basis of your electronic configuration. phenotypic ratio of black and white rabbit in the second filial generation.
7. Define homologous series. Write the homologous series of alkanes. [Link] is the time period of Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras? Write the chief animals developed in
8. Write any two differences between thermo-plastic and thermo-setting plastics. those eras. Write any two importance of fossils.
9. Why is catalyst used in chemical reaction? Write two examples of catalyst.
10. Why hormones are called chemical messengers? Write the name of hormones secreted by adrenal
gland.
11. Write two differences between layering and grafting.
12. Write one-one function of queen bee and worker bee.
13. The normal blood pressure of human being is 120/80 mm of Hg. What does it mean?
14. Write any four objectives of launching of artificial satellites
into the space.
Group "C"6×3=18
15. The mass of the Jupiter is 2×1027kg and its radius is 6.5×104km. What is the acceleration due to
gravity on the Jupiter? Also, calculate the weight ofa person having the mass of 70kg on the
Jupiter.
16. Answer the following questions on the basis of given table.
Substances Sp. heat capacity

A 2100 J/kg/0C