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Thermal Analysis of Multi-Layered Rod

The document outlines a problem involving heat transfer and thermo-mechanical coupling in a multi-layered rod made of steel, aluminum, and copper. It details the steps for finite element modeling to compute steady-state temperature distribution and the resulting thermal expansion and stresses. The rod is fixed at both ends with specified temperature conditions at each end and no lateral heat loss.

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shiv ratn
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17 views6 pages

Thermal Analysis of Multi-Layered Rod

The document outlines a problem involving heat transfer and thermo-mechanical coupling in a multi-layered rod made of steel, aluminum, and copper. It details the steps for finite element modeling to compute steady-state temperature distribution and the resulting thermal expansion and stresses. The rod is fixed at both ends with specified temperature conditions at each end and no lateral heat loss.

Uploaded by

shiv ratn
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Problem 1: Heat Transfer

A multi-layered rod of total length L=1m consists of three materials:


Objective:
[Link] (L1​=0.3m, k1​=50W/mK)
[Link] (L2​=0.4m, k2​=200W/mK) 1. Compute the steady-state temperature
[Link] (L3​=0.3m, k3​=400W/mK) distribution along the length of the rod.
2. Extend this to a thermo-mechanical
The left end of the rod is maintained at T1​=100∘C, and the right end is maintained at coupled analysis to observe thermal
T2​=0∘C. expansion and stresses in the multi-
No heat loss occurs through the lateral surface (no convection). layered system.

Steel Aluminum Copper

steel (0–0.3 m), aluminum (0.3–0.7 m), and copper (0.7–1.0 m)

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FEM Modeling Steps
1. Part Creation: Create a 1D wire part (length = 1 m).
2. Mesh: Use DC1D2 elements for heat transfer analysis.
3. Material Definition: Define the thermal conductivity for each material layer.
Steel (0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.3𝑚)
Aluminum (0.3𝑚 < 𝑥 ≤ 0.7𝑚)
Copper (0.7𝑚 < 𝑥 ≤ 1.0𝑚)
4. Boundary Conditions:
Temperature at Left End: T1​=100∘C
Temperature at Right End: T2​=0∘C

Steel Aluminum Copper

2/7/2025 3
Steel Aluminum Copper

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Temperature variation along the rod

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Problem 2: Thermo-Mechanical Coupling
Assume that the multi-layered rod is fixed at both ends. Compute the thermal
Objective:
expansion and stresses due to the steady-state temperature distribution.
1. Observe the displacement, strains and
The left end of the rod is maintained at T1​=100∘C, and the right end is maintained at stress arising due to thermal expansion
T2​=0∘C.
No heat loss occurs through the lateral surface (no convection).
Material α(× 10−6 𝐾 −1) E(GPa)
Steel 12 210
Aluminum 23 70
Copper 17 110

Steel Aluminum Copper

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FEM Modeling Steps
1. Part Creation: Create a 1D wire part (length = 1 m).
2. Mesh: Use T2D2T elements for Coupled temp-displacement analysis.
3. Material Definition: Define the material parameters for each material layer.
Steel (0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 0.3𝑚)
Aluminum (0.3𝑚 < 𝑥 ≤ 0.7𝑚)
Copper (0.7𝑚 < 𝑥 ≤ 1.0𝑚)
4. Boundary Conditions:
Temperature at Left End: T1​=100∘C
Temperature at Right End: T2​=0∘C
Displacement at Left End: U1=0 U2=0
Displacement at Right End: U1=0 U2=0

Steel Aluminum Copper

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