Body Fluids and Circulation 6

Chapter

Marking Scheme
For every correct answer you earn four marks (+4). Marks Obtained Percentage Score
1.
For every incorrect answer you lose one mark (-1). Maximum Marks 336
2

SECTION-I : NCERT Liners

Choose whether the statenment is True (T)or False (F). TF
1 Blood is the most commonly used tissue fluid by most of the higher
humans for the transport of nutrients, O2 etc. organisms including

2 Lymph is a straw coloured, viscous fluid constituting nearly 55 percent of the blood.
3 55-70 percent of plasma is water and proteins contribute 6-8 percent of it.

t
4. Globulins primarily are involved in defense mechanisms of the body and the albumins help in
osmotic balance.

the5. Blood without the clotting factors is called serum.

eft 6. Coronary Artery Disease, often referred to as atherosclerosis, affects the vessels that supply
95 blood to the heart muscle.

7. RBCs are devoid of nucleus in most of the mammals and are biconvex in shape.
8 RBCs have an average life span of 120 days after which they are destroyed in the spleen
the (graveyard of RBCs).
9 Ahealthy individual has 12-16 gm of haemoglobin in every 100 dl of blood.
th

10. Neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils are different types of agranulocytes, while
the
and monocytes are the granulocytes. lymphocytes
11.
Lymphocytes are the most abundant cells (60-65 per cent) of the total WBCs and basophils
c are the least (0.5-1 per cent) among them.
lk. Lymphocytes and monocytes are phagocytic cells which destroy foreign organisms entering
the body.
13.
Eosinophils (6-8% of total WBCs) resist infections and are also associated with
reactions. analgesic
14. A
reduction in number of platelets can lead to cloting disorders
loss of blood from the body. which will lead to excessive

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, PUsa Road, New

Delhi-110005, Phone :011-47623456
40 Body Fluids and Circulation Know Your NCER
15.
Persons with AB blood group can donate blood to persons with AB as well as the other groups
of blood.

16.
The condition named erythroblastosis foetalis can be avoided by administering anti-Rh
antibodies to the mother immediately before the delivery of the first child.
17.
An Rh+ve person, if exposed to Rh-ve blood, will form specific antibodies against the Rh
antigens.
18. Fibrins are formed by the conversion of inactive fibrinogens in the plasma by the enzyme
thrombokinase.
19. Calcium as wellbicarbonate ions plays a very important role in blood clotting.
20. Interstitial fluid has the different mineral distribution as that in plasma.
21. Lymph is a straw coloured fluid containing specialised
which are responsible for the immune lymphocytes as well as thrombocytes
responses of the body.
22. The opening between the right atrium and the right
two muscular flaps or cusps, the bicuspid ventricle is guarded by a valve formed of
valve.
23. Chordae tendinae, are thread-like structure attached to the flaps of
valves at one end and their other ends are attached to auricular bicuspid and tricuspid
wall.
24. Bundle of His is a network of muscle fibres
distributed throughout the heart walls.
25.
Basophils secrete histamine, serotonin, heparin, etc., and
reactions. are involved in
anti-inflammatory
26. The AVN can generate the
maximum number of action
maintaining the rhythmicpotentials,
is responsible for initiating and i.e.,70-75 per
27. The body has the ability to alter the
contractile activity of thesecond-1,and
heart.
cardiac output. stroke volume as well as the heart
rate and thereby the
28. Angina is acute chest pain when blood
circulation to the brain isreduced
29 Amphibians and reptiles have a
30. The first heart sound (lub) is
three-chambered heart with two ventricles and a single auricle.
associated with the opening of the tricuspid and
31. The P-wave bicuspid valves.
represents
the contraction
the electrical
of only right atria. excitation depolarisation) of the atria. which
(or
leads to
32. TheORS Complex
contraction. represents the repolarisation of the ventricles
which initiates the
33. TheT-wave represents the
ventricular
return of the ventricles trom
excited to normal state
34. The oxygenated blood entering the aorta is
capillaries to the tissues. carried by a (repolarisation).
network of
arteries, venules and
35. The flow of deoxygenated blood from the
pulmonary circulation is Called hepatic portal digestive organs to the liver before
circulation.
returning to the
Corporate Office:Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delbi:
 Know Your NCERT Body Fluids and Circulation 41
96Parasympathetic neuralsignals (a
of conduction of action potential andcomponent
of ANS) decrease the rate of heart beat, speed
thereby cardiac output.
the
7 Anaina can occur in men and women of any age but it is more
aged and elderly. common among the middle
99 Heart failure is same as cardiac arrest (when the heart
the heart muscle is suddenly damaged by an inadequatestops beating) or a heart attack (when
blood supply).
29 Volume of blo0d pumped out by both ventricles of heart per minute is
called the cardiac output.
A0. The electrical activity of the heart can be recorded from the body
surface by using the machine
call>d electrocardiogram.

sri un SECTION-| Assertion-Reason type

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a
statement of reason (R).
(1) If both Assertion & Reason are true and the Reason is the correct
explanation of the Assertion, then
mark (1).
(2) If both Assertion & Reason are true but the Reason is not the
correct explanation of the Assertion, then
mark (2).
(3) If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false, then mark
(3).
(4) If both Assertion & Reason are false statements, then mark
(4).
1. A: Human RBCs are enucleated. R: Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying
R: RBCs in humans lose nucleus which the stroke volume with the duration of one

2.
increases their oxygen carrying capacity.
7
[Link].
A: Any deviation from normal shape of ECG
A: A person with blood group O(-ve) can
donate .blood to a person with any other indicates a possible abnormality of heart
blood group. structure or function.
R: RBCs of blood group O(-ve) do not bear R: The end of T-wave marks the end of both
any antigens on their surface. atrial and ventricular systole.
3 A: Diapedesis is shown by some leucooytes in
8. A: Electrocardiograph is obtained from the
case of tissue injury. machine electrocardiogram to evaluate
heart function.
R: Neutrophils and monocytes migrate from R: Electrocardiograph is a
blood to damaged tissues. graphical
4. representation of electrical activity of the
A: Erythroblastosis foetalis occurs due to Rh heart during a cardiac cycle.
incompatibility between mother and foetus 9. A: Human heart is myogenic in
during first pregnancy. R: Normal activities of heart are
nature.
R: Foetus body starts preparing antibodies controlled and
regulated by specialized cardiac muscles
against Rh antigen in its blood. capable of autoexcitability.
5 A: Birds and mammals exhibit double 10. A: Congestive heat failure is a state of heart
circulation. when it is not pumping blood
R: Ventricles pump out both oxygenated and effectively
enough to meet the needs of the body.
deoxygenated blood without mixing through R: Heart muscles do not
pulmonay and systemic circulation Oxygen due to congestion receive sufficient
of the lungs.
pathways. 11. A: Hepatic vein
6
A: Cardiac outoput is the volume of blood
carries
liver before it is blood fromtointestine to
pumped by each ventricle during a cardiac circulation. delivered systemic
cycle. R: Hepatic vein is laden
with
were absorbed in intestine. nutrients which
42 Body Fluids and Circulation
likely that not enough Oxygen is
12. A: In humans, leucocytes are only nucleated R: It is heart muscles due
blood cells. reaching the vessels leading to
R: Monocytes are largest and most abundant narrowing of coronary
type of leucocytes. ischemia.
13. A: In case of bleeding, we put ice at the site of approximately 5 liters for a
injury as a first aid to stop bleeding. 17. A: Cardiac output is
normal male.
R: Low temperature stimulates clotting.
equal to the product of
14. A: Amount of blood pumped by one ventricle in R: Cardiac output is and heart rate (7)
one minute is known as cardiac output. stroke volume (70 mL)
R: If a healthy person has 5 litres blood in his beats/min).
body, then on an average his heart pumps 30% atrial blood
about 1O litres of blood in one minute. 18. A: During atrial systole nearly
flows into the ventricles.
15. A: Capillaries in blood vascular system have atrial
lowest blood velocity in comparison to other R: Only 30% blood enters the atria during
blood vessels . diastole.
R: Total cross sectional area of all the
capillaries is larger as compared to artery, 19. A: Cardiac muscle is auto excitable.
veins, venules, arterioles individually. R: Nodal musculature of heart has the ability to
A: Apatient suffering from atherosclerosis generate action potentials without external
stimuli.
complains of acute chest pain.
 SECTION-I : NCERT Liners
29. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg.
1. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 278] 15. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg.280] 282)
2. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 278] 16. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 281] 30. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 2851
3. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 278] 17. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 281] 31. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 2861
4. (T), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 18. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 281] 32. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 2861
5. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 19. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 281] 33. (T), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 2861
6. (T), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 288] 20. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 282]
34. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 2861
7. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 21. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 282]
8.. (T), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 22. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 283] 35. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 287)
9. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 23. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 283] 36. (T), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 2871
10. (F), NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 24. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 284] 37. (T), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 288]
11. (F). NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 25. (F), NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 38. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 288]
12. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 26. (F), NCERT-XI, Pg. 284]
13. (F), NCERT-XI, Pg. 279] 27. (T), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 285)
39. (F), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 285]
14. (T), [NCERT-XI, Pg. 280] 28. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 288] 40. (F), (NCERT-XI, Pg. 285]

aeygro o is oje SECTION-Il : Assertion-Reason type

1. (1) 7. (3) 13. (3)
2. (1) 8. 14. (3)
(4)
3. (1) 9. (1) 15. (1)
4. (4) 10. (1) 16. (1)
5. (1) 17. (1)
11. (4)
6 18. (3)
(4) 12. (3) 19. (1)