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Pull and Push Factors of Migration

The document outlines the pull and push factors of migration, highlighting that pull factors include better employment opportunities and higher living standards, while push factors encompass poverty and unemployment. It discusses the socio-economic impacts of migration, noting both positive effects, such as cultural enrichment, and negative consequences, like overcrowding and unemployment. Additionally, it addresses brain drain, detailing its benefits to home countries through knowledge transfer and remittances, as well as its negative effects, including loss of skilled labor and investment in education.

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9 views3 pages

Pull and Push Factors of Migration

The document outlines the pull and push factors of migration, highlighting that pull factors include better employment opportunities and higher living standards, while push factors encompass poverty and unemployment. It discusses the socio-economic impacts of migration, noting both positive effects, such as cultural enrichment, and negative consequences, like overcrowding and unemployment. Additionally, it addresses brain drain, detailing its benefits to home countries through knowledge transfer and remittances, as well as its negative effects, including loss of skilled labor and investment in education.

Uploaded by

mokshgupta1212
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

[Link] the pull factors of migration.

Ans- A pull factor is something that encourages or attracts people to


move into a region or a country from elsewhere. The pull factors of
migration are:

 Better employment opportunities

 Better infrastructure

 Higher standard of living

 More access to education

 Stable economy and political conditions

Define the term ‘push factor’. What are the push factors of migration?

Ans- A push factor is something that encourages or forces people to


move out from a region or a country. The push factors of migrations
are as:-  Internal Migration
 Poverty
 Unemployment
 Poor infrastructure
 Lack of social amenities

 International Migration
 Overpopulation
 Lack of employment opportunities
 Low standard of living
 Lack of social services

2. ‘Migration’ has a significant impact on the socio- economic


structure of the society’ Justify this statement.
Ans-Migration has both positive and negative impact on the socio
economic structure of the society

POSITIVE IMPACT
 Emigration reduces pressure of population from the rural areas
and overpopulated countries.
 Rural - Urban migration provides labour to industries and other
urban services, facilitating production.
 Immigrants bring their own customs and traditions and thus
enrich the cultural diversity of the receiving country.

NEGATIVE IMPACT
 Large scale rural - urban migration leads to shortage in the supply
of agricultural labour.
 Big cities get overcrowded, which leads to a strain on the social
amenities..
 Job opportunities in urban areas are not adequate, leading to
unemployment, social tension and increased crime rates.
 International migration results in loss of human resources.

The large scale emigration of highly educated or skilled people from


one country to another is due to various factors:-

Push factors
 Lack of employment opportunities or highly paid jobs.
 Lack of research facilities and funds
 Discrimination in employment and lack of freedom at work
 Poor working conditions
 Political and social instability
 Lack of educational opportunities

Pull Factors
 Highly paid jobs
 Superior research and training facilities
 Intellectual freedom and autonomy
 Advanced technology and good working conditions
 High standard of living
 Economic and political stability
 Prestige of foreign training

How does brain drain benefit the home country?


Ans- Brain drain benefits the home country in following ways:-
 Highly educated people, who move from the less
developed countries to the developed once, acquire more
knowledge and learn new techniques of production. When
they return, the home country can utilise their expertise for
its own development.
 The migrants send part of their earnings back home. This
contributes to household earnings, which in turn enhances
the economic growth of the country.

3. Mention the negative effects of brain drain. Ans- The negative


effects of brain drain are as follows:
 Most of the highly educated and trained people leave the
country and contribute their knowledge and skills for the
benefit of other countries.
 The home country faces shortage of skilled labours and
loss of innovative ideas.
 All the investment in education goes waste and the poor
countries lose their potential leaders.
 Loss of tax revenue and critical health and educational
services.

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