ALIXES L.
VENZAL BEED 2M
Grade 3: Physics
Force and Motion (S3fe-iiic-d-2)
Content
Force is basically a push or pull which acts on an object or energy as an attribute of physical
action or movement. It happens when two entities are in contact. Further, motion is when a
body is moving, it is in motion.
The universal law of gravitation says that every object in this universe exerts a force on
others. For instance, suppose there are two bodies of mass (M) and (m). They are positioned in
such a manner that the body with mass (m) is resting over the body with mass (M). In physics,
we will state that these two bodies will exert forces on each other. Thus, we can say that
whenever there is an interaction between two or more bodies, force is going to be a part of the
interaction.
Motion is whenever a body is moving, we state that it is in motion. For instance, if a girl is
walking down the street from a park to her home, we will say that the girl is in motion.
However, suppose that girl stops for 2 minutes on the way to buy candy. If someone asks at
that time if the girl is in motion, the answer will be ‘No’. This is to infer that the motion of a
body depends on time. In physics, we state that motion is the change in the position of a body
with regard to time.
The relation between Force and Motion. Force and motion deeply connect in nature. In other
words, force is the cause of motion. If something is moving, we will say that some force is acting
on it or some force must have acted on it which is producing this motion.
It is “any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object”. By the
definition itself, it becomes clear that force affects the state of motion of an object. Moreover,
motion is the change in position with respect to time.
Naturally, we can describe motion as a change in speed, or change in direction. The first
person to discover the relation between both was Sir Isaac Newton. He concluded that force
can accelerate the body, decelerate the body and it can change the direction of the moving
body.
Strategy
When teaching students about Force and Motion, a successful strategy involves using hands-
on activities or real-life examples, allowing students to actively explore the concepts of force
and how it affects motion, including pushing and pulling, through experiments and
observations. One of the example are the sports activities in the class. Including football that
applies force to kick a ball in a specific direction.
Values
Force and motion are important parts of everyday life, involving many ideas that students
are already familiar. Students know how to move and how to make objects move. They
understand that different amounts of force are required to accomplish different types of work.
Grade 3: Earth and Space Science
Natural objects in the sky (S3ES-IVg-h-7)
Content
The sun, moon, and all objects that shine in the night sky are known as celestial bodies.
These objects are located outside the Earth's atmosphere.
Natural objects in the daytime sky is the SUN it is Earth's primary source of light and heat
energy. While the Natural objects in the nighttime sky are MOON it is Earth's only natural
satellite. Natural satellite- is a space body that orbits a planet, a planet-like object, or an
asteroid. STARS-make the night sky sparkle. They are big balls of gases that give off heat and
light too.
"Effects of the sun and moon on humans"
Beneficial effects of the sun are: It provides heat that warm our bodies and it provides light that
helps us see. We can do different activities such as: playing outdoors, cleaning outdoor areas,
planting or harvesting crops, drying freshly washed clothes, doing recreational activities like
swimming, sailing, and hiking.
Harmful effects of the sun are: Sunburn, Heatstroke and Dehydration.
"Effects of the moon"
It provides light during night time to travelers, seamen, and fishermen. People may enjoy
evening garden parties more when moon is out. When the moon is not visible, stargazing can
easily be done because billions of stars shine in the dark sky.
Strategy
Teaching students about natural objects in the sky, effective strategy include: direct
observation through outdoor exploration, or visualizing the celestial bodies through video
presentation to attract students attention, spark their imagination and enjoy while learning new
things around them.
Values
Stars make the night sky sparkle by giving off heat and light. The sun provides beneficial
effects like warmth and light, allowing humans to play outside and tend gardens. However, it
can also cause harm through sunburn, heatstroke, and dehydration.
Grade 4: Physics
Effects of force on object (S4FE-IIIa-I)
Content
Force can change the size and shape of an object. For example, hammering can change
the shape of any object. Force can change the state of motion. For example, by applying force
one can stop a moving ball.
Force can change the position of an object. By applying one can raise a ball from the
ground to a certain height. Force is necessary to raise an object from the ground. Force can
change the direction of motion. Consider a ball is moving towards you, if you kick it, you can
observe that direction of the ball has changed.
Force can change the speed of a moving object. A force is necessary to start moving an
object. Without applying the necessary amount of force object will not start moving.
Strategy
Force can change the shape, size, and movement of objects. Force is a push or pull that
occurs when objects interact. Applying force through pushing, pounding, bending, or other
means can change an object's shape. Force can also change an object's size, such as when a
vase is dropped and breaks into smaller pieces.
Values
Understanding the effects of force on an object is crucial because it explains how objects
move, change direction, accelerate, or deform, which is fundamental to comprehending and
interacting with the physical world around us.
Grade 4: Earth and Space Science
Weather (S3ES-IVe-f-3)
Content
Weather is the mix of events that happen each day in our atmosphere. Weather is
different in different parts of the world and changes over minutes, hours, days and weeks. Most
weather happens in the troposphere, the part of Earth’s atmosphere that is closest to the
ground.
"Air Pressure and Weather"
The weather events happening in an area are controlled by changes in air pressure. Air
pressure is caused by the weight of the huge numbers of air molecules that make up the
atmosphere. Typically, when air pressure is high their skies are clear and blue. When air
pressure is low, air flows together and then upward where it converges, rising, cooling, and
forming clouds.
Strategy
Meteorologists develop local or regional weather forecasts including predictions for
several days into the future. Knowing where storms are now can help forecasters predict where
storms will be tomorrow and the next day. Technology, such as weather satellites and Doppler
radar, helps the process of looking over a large area, as does the network of weather
observations.
Values
Learning about different kinds of weather is important because it enables scientists like
meteorologists to predict future weather events.
Grade 5: Physics
Matter (Properties) useful and harmful materials
Content
Everything around us is matter-the soil, water, air. It has different properties that make
them different from one another. Some types of matter have properties that make them good
for producing useful products. Other types have properties that make them harmful.
Materials are considered useful when it served a purpose. These materials may have
properties such as durability, resistance to water, heat acid, flexibility, elasticity and hardness or
acid, flexibility, elasticity and hardness. Some useful materials can also be reused. Materials
made of metals, ceramics, wood, textiles as well as plastics and rubbers are considered useful
materials.
Materials can be considered harmful when they are made for certain purpose only and
can cause injury when not used or dispose [Link] materials may have these
properties: corrosive, flammable poisonous or reactive or explosive.
Strategy
Analyzing the properties and potential impacts on human health, environment, and
safety. Useful materials are those that have a positive impact on our lives, while harmful
materials have a negative impact.
Values
It is important to know how to distinguish useful from harmful materials to save us from
any danger or distress.
Grade 5: Earth and Space Science
Weather Disturbances (S3FE-IVe-5)
Content
What is a weather disturbance?
A weather disturbance is a general term that describes any pulse of energy moving
through the atmosphere.
What are weather disturbances?
1. Thunderstorm
2. Tropical Cyclones
a. Tropical depression
b. Tropical Storm
c. Typhoons/Hurricanes
3. Tornado
4. Monsoons
5. Intertropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ)
"Typhoon"
A typhoon is a name used in east Asia for a Hurricane. It is a type of cyclone occurring in the
western regions of the Pacific Ocean. A typhoon is similar to a hurricane in levels of
destructiveness. The word typhoon comes from the Chinese term "tai-fung" meaning great
wind.
Strategy
When it comes to weather disturbances, it’s better to be safe than sorry. By being prepared
and knowing what to do, you can minimize the risks to you and your family.
Values
It’s important to be prepared for any type of severe weather event. In some cases, a
weather eisturbances can lead to a humanitarian crisis, this is why it is essential to be mindful
and be prepared.
Grade 6: Physics
Mixture and their characteristics (S6MT-Ia-c-L)
Content
The term “mixture” is pretty common in Chemistry, where two or more two substances
come in contact with one another without participating in any chemical change. The newly
formed substance is referred to as a mixture. Some common examples of a mixture are Salt and
sugar, Water and sand , Water and lime juice.
Further, the mixture is divided into two major categories: homogeneous and
heterogeneous.
"Homogeneous mixture"
The term homo stands for uniform or same. A homogenous mixture is a mixture in which
the substances are evenly or uniformly distributed. In other words, a homogeneous mixture is a
solid, gaseous, and liquid mixture, which is uniform in composition throughout time. In this
mixture, only a single phase of matter is observed. Some common examples of homogeneous
mixture include sugar water, rainwater, air, vinegar, vodka, dishwashing detergent, a cup of
coffee, steel, detergent, mouthwash, jello gelatin, and collagen.
"Heterogeneous mixture"
The term hetero stands for different. A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture in which
different substances or components whose particles are visible under the microscope are
mixed. In this mixture, two or more two phases of matter can be observed. Some common
examples of the heterogeneous mixture are a packet of gems, a mixture of sand and sodium
chloride, etc.
Strategy
In teaching this to the learners ,begin by allowing them to observe and write about the
physical properties of the substances. Then, they mix the substances with water to form a
mixture, and predict which kinds of filters will successfully separate the mixtures. Finally, the
students will test their predictions and reflect on the results.
Values
Mixtures are crucial as it is used in our everyday life in cooking, cleaning, medicine, and in
industrial processes. In our daily life, we often use mixtures without even realising it. For
instance, when we cook, we often mix different ingredients together to create a dish.
Grade 6: Earth and Space Science
Weather Pattern in the Philippines (S6ES-IVe-3)
Content
The Philippines has two main seasons: the wet season and dry season. The wet season
runs from June to November when southwest monsoons bring heavy rain and thunderstorms.
Temperatures range from 30-36°C.
The dry season is from January to May, with mostly sunny and cloudless days. Northeast
monsoons influence this season with less rain and temperatures of 25-32°C. The country's
location north of the equator and prevailing winds from the southwest and northeast
monsoons determine its seasonal weather patterns.
Strategy
The forecast process is roughly the same regardless of the type of weather. Our scientists
thoroughly review current observations using technology such as radar, satellite and data from
an assortment of ground-based and airborne instruments to get a complete picture of current
conditions.
Values
The knowledge of seasons helps in planning reforestation, coastal clean-ups, and other
environmental protection activities during times when the weather is conducive to such efforts.
Additionally, it aids in preparing for natural disasters and mitigating their impacts on both
human communities and natural ecosystems.
Instructor: Mr. Alvin D. Solomon