SIDE
VIEW
TOP
VIEW --------> Ff
Therefore, speed is decreased, but not
halved.
Therefore, the speed is increased, but
not doubled.
*RADIUS
The speed doubles, there's a direct relationship between v2 and r
One can also solve for the vmax
for two conditions and compare
to actual velocity.
vdry = 17 m/s (not skid)
vicy = 11 m/s (skid)
circle at an angular speed o·t w. As a result,
the rope makes an angle, 8, with the vertical
If the mass increases, what happens to the ·
following:
·
a) tensio n Increases b) 8 µo �
T:: clirr
'
= ;1--rr
�
c) period 1\-D e� d) frequenctL
_... ••
·L h.o�
e) ac :::� M �NL f) Fe I et"�
< o- C\
I 8.
Mass, m, is swung by a string in a horizontal
�L
circle at an angular speed of w. As a result,
1�-bm the rope makes an angle, 8, with the vertical
Solve for 9 in terms of g, L, and w
AP® PHYSICS B
2002 FORM B SCORING GUIDELINES
Question 2
15 points total Distribution
of points
(a) 3 points
1 point for each correctly drawn and appropriately labeled force 2 points
For no incorrect forces 1 point
The horizontal and vertical components of the tension were acceptable if properly labeled
(b) 3 points
For indicating that the sum of the vertical forces is zero 1 point
å Fy = 0
For correctly substituting the applicable forces 1 point
T cos θ - mg = 0
For the correct answer 1 point
T cos θ
m=
g
Copyright © 2002 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.
Advanced Placement Program and AP are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.
5
AP® PHYSICS B
2002 FORM B SCORING GUIDELINES
Question 2 (cont’d.)
Distribution
of points
(c) 4 points
The centripetal force is supplied by the horizontal component of the tension
Fc = T sin θ
For using a correct expression for the centripetal force Fc 1 point
mυ2
= T sin θ
r
For eliminating the tension or the mass using the answer to part (b) 1 point
mυ2 sin θ T cos θ υ 2
= mg = mg tan θ OR = T sin θ
r cos θ gr
For using the substitution r = l sin θ 1 point
mυ2 T cos θ υ 2
= mg tan θ OR = T sin θ
l sin θ g l sin θ
For the correct answer 1 point
g l sin 2 θ
υ = g l sin θ tan θ or
cos θ
(d) 3 points
For using a correct expression for period or frequency 1 point
2π r υ
T= or f =
υ 2π r
For substituting the velocity from part (c) 1 point
For the correct answer (unsimplified acceptable) 1 point
g l sin θ tan θ 1 g tan θ 1 g
f = or or
2π l sin θ 2π l sin θ 2π l cos θ
(e) 2 points
For any indication that the initial velocity of the ball is horizontal 1 point
For any indication that the subsequent trajectory is parabolic 1 point
Copyright © 2002 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.
Advanced Placement Program and AP are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.
6
NATIONAL
MATH + SCIENCE Science
INITIATIVE
(c-ii) 2 points
(11) The student answers YES and indicates that if velocity is multiplied by 2 , then time-in-the-air is
also multiplied by 2 .
(12) By x = vt, if both v and t are multiplied by 2 , the distance is multiplied by 2.
F4. (7 points)
(a) 1 point
(1) The only forces shown are a weight force down and a normal force down.
(b) 1 point
(2) The student writes the weight and normal forces having the same sign into the net force of a
mv 2
Newton’s Second Law equation, and sets the net force equal to centripetal force: FN + FW =
r
(c) 5 points
(3) The student recognizes that FN cannot drop below zero, as doing so would cause the cart to lose
contact with the track.
(4) The student recognizes that there is a minimum necessary speed at Q to keep the car on the track
(to keep the FN from going negative).
(5) The student recognizes that some potential energy at P turns into the kinetic energy at Q that is
needed to keep the cart moving at the minimum speed.
(6) If point P has greater potential energy than point Q, then point P must be higher than point Q.
(7) The response is a paragraph that sets forward basic physics principles, observes important
information given in the problem, and uses the basic principles and the information in the problem
to draw the argument to a logical conclusion.
Example Response: If the car stops at point Q, the car falls off of the track. That means that the car
needs to be moving at Q. The kinetic energy for the moving car at Q comes from
potential energy held at P. If P has potential energy that Q doesn’t have, then P
must be higher up according to U = mgy.
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