A TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME

(SIWES)

HELD AT

POLY ILARO 92.1 FM, ILARO, OGUN STATE

BY

MOYEBI IMOLEAYO RUTH

MATRIC NUMBER:

N/MC/23/0574

SUBMITTED TO:

DEPARTMENT OF MASS COMMUNICATION

SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ILARO, ILARO, OGUN STATE

DATE: February, 2025

CERTIFICATION

1
This is to certify that this report is the record of work done at POLY ILARO 92.1

FM, by MOYEBI IMOLEAYO RUTH, N/MC/23/0574 of the department of MASS

COMMUNICATION.

SIWES Coordinator. _____________________________

Signature and Date

DEDICATION

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This report is dedicated to God Almighty, the foundation of all knowledge, the source

of all wisdom and the eternal spring of all truth.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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My sincere gratitude goes to God Almighty who has given me the privilege to

complete this program.

My regards also goes to my industrial based supervisor and all my lecturers in the

Department for their necessary supervision and useful information provided.

I cannot forget my loving and caring family for their support during my SIWES

programme.

ABSTRACT

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This report gives a detailed account of how the four months designated for SIWES

was spent at the Programming Department of Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM, Ilaro, Ogun State.

Thé expériences gained in the course of internship are practical challenges

encountered, theoretical principles learnt, as well as skills and techniques developed

while discharging duties.

An overview of the organization is featured, and lastly, the relevance of the industrial

training to the course of study is discussed.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page i

5
Certification. ii

Dedication. iii

Acknowledgement. iv

Abstract. v

Table of Content vi-vii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 - Introduction 1

1.1 - Aims and Objectives of SIWES. 1-2

1.2 - Importance of SIWES. 2

1.3 - Objective of the report. 2

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 - Nature of the Organization 3

2.1 - History of the Organization. 3-4

2.2 - Organization’s Objectives. 4

2.3 - Management structure. 5

2.4 - Brief write up on the Organization in Nigeria. 6

2.5 - The economic environment of the Organization. 6-7

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 - Description of work done. 8

3.0.1 - News Story. 8

3.0.2 - Editing Software. 8-9

3.0.3 - Writing News articles and scripts. 9

3.1 - Skills developed and techniques learnt. 9-10

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3.2 - Practical challenges faced at work. 10

3.3 - Theoretical principles learnt during the program. 10-11

3.4 - Specific contributions made to the Organization. 11

3.5 - The future of the Organization with the Nigerian Economy. 11-12

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 - The relevance of Industrial training to course of Study. 13-15

4.1 - Definition of terms. 15-17

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 - Conclusion 18

5.1 - Recommendation 18-20

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO SIWES

The Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is the accepted skills

training programme, which forms part of the approved minimum academic standards

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in the various degree programmes for all the Nigerian higher institution. It is an effort

to bridge the gap existing between theory and practice of engineering and technology,

science, agriculture, medial, management and other professional educational

programmes in the Nigerian tertiary institutions. It is aimed at exposing students to

machines and equipment, professional work methods and ways of safe-guarding the

work areas and workers in industries and other organization.

The scheme is a tripartite programme, involving the students, the institution and the

industry (employers of labour). It is funded by the Federal government of Nigeria and

jointly coordinated by the industrial Training Fund (ITF) and the National

Universities commission (NUC).

1.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

Specifically, the objectives of this student’s industrial work experience scheme are to:

 Prepare students for the work situation they are likely to meet after graduation.

 Provide an avenue for students in the Nigerian institution to acquire industrial

skills and experience in their course of study.

 Make the transition from the institution to the world of work easier, and thus

enhance students contacts for later job placements;

 Enlist and strengthen employers’ involvement in the entire educational process of

preparing university graduates for employment in industry.

 Provide students with an opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in real

work situation, thereby bridging the gap between university work and actual

practices; and

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 Expose students to work methods and techniques in handling equipment and

machinery that may not be available in the Institution.

1.2 IMPORTANCE OF SIWES

 It provides students with an opportunity to apply their theoretical knowledge in

real life situations.

 It exposes students to more practical work methods and techniques.

 It strengthens links between the employers, students and industrial training fund

(ITF)

 It also prepares the students for the labour market after graduation.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT

 Show insight of knowledge gained at place of Attachment.

 Show the history and nature of the organization.

 Give insights on knowledge gained during the period of attachment

 Give insights on skills and techniques learnt at place of attachment and how they

can be beneficial to the economy.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 NATURE OF THE ORGANIZATION

The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro's radio station, 92.1 FM, is a campus-based radio

station. It primarily serves the polytechnic community including students, staff and

faculty. It focuses on educational programming, including academic content,

workshops and training sessions. It also caters to the surrounding community,

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broadcasting local news events and cultural programmes.

Programming and Content

1. Academic programs: Lectures, seminars, and workshops on various subjects.

2. News and current affairs: Local and national news, analysis, and discussions.

3. Entertainment: Music, drama, and cultural programs showcasing student talent.

4. Community service: Public awareness campaigns, health education, and social

issues.

2.1 HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION

The idea of establishing a campus radio station at the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro

was conceived in the early 2000s. The polytechnic acquired a radio broadcasting

license from the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) in 2008 and Poly Ilaro

92.1 FM began test transmission in 2010. The radio station was officially launched in

2012, with a ceremonial broadcast.

The polytechnic invested in modern broadcasting equipment, studios, and

transmission facilities. The radio station expanded its programming to include a wider

range of shows, including news, current affairs, entertainment, and educational

content. Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM established an online presence, with a website and social

media platforms. The radio station increased its community engagement efforts,

partnering with local organizations and hosting events.

Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM has won several awards from the National Broadcasting

Commission (NBC) for excellence in broadcasting. It has likewise received awards

from the polytechnic's student union and management for its contributions to campus

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life.

Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM has come a long way since its inception, growing into a

reputable campus radio station that serves the polytechnic community and beyond.

2.2 ORGANIZATION’S OBJECTIVES

Goals and Objectives

1. Educate and inform: Provide educational content and information to the

polytechnic community and surrounding areas.

2. Promote student development: Offer training and hands-on experience for

students in broadcasting, journalism, and related fields.

3. Foster community engagement: Encourage community participation and

involvement in polytechnic activities.

By serving as a campus radio station, Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM plays a vital role in

promoting education, community engagement, and student development.

2.3 MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE

POLY ILARO 92.1 FM ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

THE RECTOR

DIRECTOR OF MASS
COMMUNICATIONS

STATIONS MANAGER

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 PROGRAMS
MANAGER

NEWS MANAGER

TECHNICAL
MANAGER

MARKETING AND
ADVERTISING
MANAGER

Fig. 2.3 Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM Organogram

2.4 BRIEF WRITEUP ON THE ORGANIZATION IN NIGERIA

Poly Ilaro FM is a campus-based radio station of the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro,

located in Ogun State, Nigeria. As part of the polytechnic's efforts to provide practical

training and hands-on experience for its students, Poly Ilaro FM offers a platform for

students to develop their broadcasting skills.

The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, is one of the top polytechnics in Nigeria, known for

its strong reputation and high academic standards. Established in 1979, the

polytechnic has grown to become a leading institution in technical and vocational

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education.

Poly Ilaro FM's programming includes a mix of educational content, news, current

affairs, and entertainment shows, catering to the interests of the polytechnic

community and the surrounding areas.

2.5 THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION

The economic environment of Poly Ilaro FM is closely tied to the Federal

Polytechnic, Ilaro, as the radio station is a campus-based entity. Here are some key

factors that influence the economic environment:

 Funding: As a federal polytechnic, the institution receives funding from the

government, which also supports the radio station's operations ¹.

 Advertising revenue: Poly Ilaro FM generates revenue through advertising,

sponsorships, and partnerships with local businesses and organizations.

 Student fees: While not directly funding the radio station, student fees contribute

to the overall revenue of the polytechnic, which can indirectly support the radio

station's operations.

 Community support: The radio station's focus on community-oriented

programming and local content helps build a loyal listener base, which can

translate to financial support through donations or sponsorships.

In terms of challenges, Poly Ilaro FM faces:

 Limited resources: As a campus-based radio station, Poly Ilaro FM may have

limited access to resources, including funding, equipment, and personnel.

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 Competition from commercial radio stations: The radio station competes with

commercial radio stations in the region for listeners and advertising revenue.

Despite these challenges, Poly Ilaro FM plays a vital role in promoting education,

community engagement, and cultural development in the region.

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF WORK DONE

At Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM, a lot of activities were carried out. Activities like editing of

software, production of short news segment, news interviews, research, writing of

news stories and host of many others.

3.0.1 News Story

This involves interviews, making researches, writing and reporting news then,

news presentation.

The general steps I took in writing a news story were:

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 Conducting interviews with news makers

 Ask effective questions using the 5Ws and H and taking notes.

 Making researches by finding credible sources and making sure those information

are valid.

 Proofreading and editing of the news content

 News presentation and delivery.

3.0.2 Editing Software

 Familiarizing with the various editing softwares

 Learning the basics of the editing software used by the organization

 Practiced editing sample documents

 Copy editing contents for publication

 Copy edit several articles for publication

 Paid attention to details, analytical thinking and suggestions for improvement.

3.0.3 Writing news articles and scripts

This involves writing news articles and scripts for broadcast in different styles and

formats.

 Creating social media content

 Writing engaging headlines and captions

 Engaging social media market audience

 Familiarization with media equipment and software.

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3.1 SKILLS DEVELOPED AND TECHNIQUES LEARNT

 I learnt how to Call-In a presenter as a DCA.

 I learnt how to cue in music to the workstation.

 I learnt how to change the atmosphere of the workstation from Yoruba to English.

 I learnt how to pick up calls on table phone in the studio and put the caller on

live.

 I learnt how to introduce presenter as a DCA in the live studio.

 I learnt how to time check.

 I learnt how to shut down the studio.

 I learnt about program segmentation.

 I learnt how to find credible sources, verify information and write clear and

concise news copy.

 I learned how to handle news, read from a teleprompter and engage with the

audience.

 I learnt the basics of edit software

 I learnt how to copy edit several articles for publication.

 I learnt how to take constructive criticism.

 I learnt time management, receiving feedback and self assessment.

3.2 PRACTICAL CHALLENGES FACED AT WORK

I initially faced problems in the operation of the console and other equipments in

the live studio. I also encountered some problems in time management and deadlines.

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3.3 THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES LEARNT DURING THE PROGRAM

1. Agenda Setting Theory: Understand how media influences public opinion and sets

the agenda for public discourse.

2. Cultivation Theory: Learn how media shapes audience perceptions and attitudes

towards social issues.

3. Uses and Gratifications Theory: Study how audiences use media to satisfy their

needs and desires.

4. Audio Production Techniques: Learn about sound editing, mixing, and mastering.

5. Radio Programming Strategies: Understand how to create engaging content,

format radio shows, and manage playlists.

6. Broadcasting Ethics and Regulations: Familiarize yourself with industry

standards, copyright laws, and broadcasting codes.

7. Media Relations: Learn how to build relationships with media professionals, pitch

stories, and manage media coverage.

8. Crisis Communication: Understand how to handle crisis situations, manage

reputation, and maintain stakeholder trust.

9. Branding and Promotions: Study how to create effective promotional materials,

develop brand identity, and engage audiences.

10. Digital Audio Editing: Learn about software like Audacity, Adobe Audition, or

Pro Tools.

11. Social Media Management: Understand how to create engaging content, manage

social media presence, and measure online engagement.

12. Podcasting and Online Radio: Study the principles of podcasting, online radio

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broadcasting, and digital distribution.

13. Media Research Methods: Learn about quantitative and qualitative research

methods, data analysis, and interpretation.

14. Audience Analysis: Understand how to analyze audience demographics,

preferences, and behavior.

15. Media Content Analysis: Study how to critically analyze media content, identify

patterns, and evaluate media effectiveness.

3.4 SPECIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS MADE TO THE ORGANIZATION

I made some vital contributions to the Organization. Contributions like:

 I conducted interviews for Aspirants of Federal Polytechnic Ilaro coming for their

Higher National Diploma Programme then I wrote news on it using the 5Ws and

H in news writing and reporting.

 I sourced for and edited news on Vanguard.

 I helped in taking phone calls for the presenters during live programmes.

 I featured on the programme “Lunch Hour Cruise” with Burna Girl.

 I worked as a Duty Continuity Announcer (DCA)

 I broadcasted News written in a bulletin

 I cued in music on the playlist for the workstation on air for the enjoyment of the

listeners.

 I sourced for comprehensive news, read through it and got it edited and arranged

into a bulletin.

 I presented a live radio programme, including introducing segments and handling

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 phone-ins from listeners.

3.5 THE FUTURE OF THE ORGANIZATION WITH THE NIGERIAN

ECONOMY

The future of Poly Ilaro FM is closely tied to the Nigerian economy, which has

faced challenges like corruption, inflation, and recession. To remain sustainable, Poly

Ilaro FM may need to diversify its revenue streams, such as:

 Advertising and Sponsorships: Partnering with local businesses and

organizations to increase advertising revenue.

 Digital Expansion: Leveraging online platforms to reach a wider audience and

create new revenue opportunities.

 Community Engagement: Strengthening ties with the local community through

events, workshops, and public awareness campaigns.

As the Nigerian economy continues to evolve, Poly Ilaro FM can focus on

promoting education, entrepreneurship, and innovation, aligning with the country's

development goals. By doing so, the radio station can maintain its relevance and

contribute to the growth of the Nigerian economy.

To stay ahead, Poly Ilaro FM may also need to invest in:

 Staff Development: Providing training and capacity-building programs for staff

to enhance their skills and adapt to changing media landscapes.

 Infrastructure Upgrades: Regularly updating equipment and technology to

ensure high-quality broadcasting and online presence.

 Strategic Partnerships: Collaborating with other media organizations,

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 educational institutions, and industry partners to expand its reach and influence.

By embracing these strategies, Poly Ilaro FM can navigate the challenges and

opportunities presented by the Nigerian economy, ensuring a bright future for the

radio station.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 THE RELEVANCE OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING TO COURSE OF

STUDY

Industrial training at Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM provides Mass Communication students

with hands-on experience in applying theoretical concepts learned in the classroom to

real-world scenarios.

As a campus radio station, Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM plays a significant role in

supporting the study of Mass Communication. Here are some ways the radio station

contributes to the field:

 Hands-on experience: Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM provides Mass Communication

students with hands-on experience in radio broadcasting, programming, and

production.

 Skill development: Students can develop essential skills in areas like news

gathering, writing, editing, and presenting.

 Research opportunities: The radio station offers a unique environment for

students to conduct research on various aspects of radio broadcasting, audience

behavior, and media effects.

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 Project development: Students can develop projects, such as radio

documentaries, dramas, or public service announcements, which can be broadcast

on the station.

 Networking opportunities: Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM provides students with

opportunities to network with media professionals, which can lead to internships,

job placements, or mentorship.

 Industry insights: Students can gain valuable insights into the radio broadcasting

industry, including its challenges, trends, and best practices.

 Community outreach: The radio station enables students to engage with the

local community through public awareness campaigns, events, and programming.

 Social responsibility: Students can develop a sense of social responsibility by

creating content that addresses local issues, promotes social change, and fosters

community development.

 Practical application of theories: Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM allows students to apply

theoretical concepts learned in the classroom to real-world situations.

 Enhanced learning experience: The radio station provides a unique learning

environment that complements the Mass Communication curriculum, making

learning more engaging and effective.

 Development of Professional Skills: The training helps students develop

essential skills in broadcasting, such as:

 1. Radio production and presentation

 2. News writing and reporting

 3. Audio editing and mixing

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 4. On-air personality development

 Exposure to Industry Operations: Students gain insight into the day-to-day

operations of a radio station, including:

1. Programming and scheduling

2. Advertising and sales

3. Marketing and promotions

4. Station management and administration

 Networking Opportunities: Industrial training at Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM offers

students the chance to network with professionals in the industry, potentially

leading to job opportunities or mentorship.

 Enhanced Career Prospects: The experience and skills gained during industrial

training can enhance students' career prospects in Mass Communication, making

them more attractive to potential employers.

 Specialization in Broadcasting: The training provides students with a

specialization in broadcasting, which can be beneficial for those interested in

pursuing careers in radio.

 Research and Project Development:Industrial training at Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM

can also provide students with opportunities to conduct research and develop

projects related to broadcasting and Mass Communication.

By providing these opportunities, Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM plays a vital role in

supporting the study of Mass Communication, enabling students to develop practical

skills, gain industry exposure, and engage with the community.

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4.1 DEFINITION OF TERMS

 Format: The style or genre of music, talk, or other content broadcast on a radio

station.

 Playlist: A list of songs or content scheduled for broadcast.

 Rotation: The frequency at which songs or content are repeated on a radio

station.

 Clock: A schedule outlining the timing and sequence of programs, breaks, and

commercials.

 Daypart: A specific time period in a radio station's broadcast schedule (e.g.,

morning drive, afternoon drive).

 Music log: A record of the songs played on a radio station.

 Music sweep: A sequence of songs played without interruption.

 Segue: A smooth transition between two songs or segments.

 Bumper: A short audio clip used to separate songs or segments.

 Talk show: A program featuring discussion, interviews, or debate.

 Host: The person presenting a talk show or program.

 Guest: A person interviewed or featured on a talk show.

 Panel discussion: A program featuring a group of experts or guests discussing a

topic.

 Promo: A promotional announcement for a program, event, or product.

 liner: A short audio clip used to separate programs or segments.

 ID: A station identification announcement.

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 Scheduling software: Computer programs used to manage and schedule radio

station content.

 Ratings: Measures of a radio station's audience size and demographics.

 Share: The percentage of listeners tuning into a radio station.

 Cume: The total number of unique listeners tuning into a radio station.

 Demographics: Characteristics of a radio station's target audience (e.g., age,

gender, location).

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 CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 CONCLUSION

The industrial training experience at Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM offers a comprehensive

and practical learning opportunity for Mass Communication students. By integrating

theoretical knowledge with hands-on experience, students develop a deeper

understanding of the broadcasting industry and its operations.

This training experience not only enhances students' technical skills in radio

production, presentation, and management but also fosters essential soft skills, such as

teamwork, communication, and problem-solving.

Moreover, the exposure to industry professionals, practices, and technologies

provides students with valuable insights into the current trends and challenges facing

the broadcasting industry. This enables them to make informed decisions about their

future careers and stay adaptable in a rapidly evolving media landscape.

Ultimately, the industrial training experience at Poly Ilaro 92.1 FM is a vital

component of Mass Communication education, bridging the gap between academia

and industry, and preparing students for successful careers in broadcasting and

beyond.

5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

I have series of recommendations that would increase the effectiveness of Poly

Ilaro 92.1 FM as related to my course of study I.e Mass Communication.

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For Students and Researchers

1. Conduct further research: Investigate the impact of radio broadcasting on local

communities, audience engagement, and advertising effectiveness.

2. Explore new media platforms: Study the role of digital media in broadcasting,

including podcasting, online streaming, and social media.

3. Develop practical skills: Acquire hands-on experience in radio production,

presentation, and management through internships or volunteer work.

For Radio Stations and Broadcasters

1. Diversify content: Incorporate a wide range of programs, including educational,

cultural, and entertainment shows, to cater to diverse audience interests.

2. Invest in digital infrastructure: Upgrade equipment and technology to improve

sound quality, streaming capabilities, and online presence.

3. Enhance community engagement: Organize events, contests, and social

initiatives to foster strong relationships with listeners and the local community.

For Educational Institutions

1. Integrate practical training: Incorporate hands-on experience and industry

collaborations into Mass Communication curricula.

2. Update curricula: Ensure that courses reflect the latest trends, technologies, and

industry practices in broadcasting and media.

3. Foster industry partnerships: Establish relationships with radio stations, media

organizations, and industry professionals to provide students with networking

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opportunities and real-world experience.

For Policy Makers and Regulators

1. Review broadcasting policies: Assess and update regulations to ensure they

promote diversity, inclusivity, and innovation in the broadcasting industry.

2. Support local content: Encourage and incentivize the production of local content,

including music, drama, and educational programs.

3. Promote media literacy: Develop initiatives to educate the public about media

literacy, critical thinking, and responsible media consumption.

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