D”P gva¨wgK ● †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (wØZxq cÎ) ● Aa¨vqwfwËK m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq: ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡: evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv jvf

1. kvgmyj û`v GKRb mr I mvnmx e¨w³| Ab¨v‡qi me mgq †mv”Pvi| AZ¨vPvix Rwg`vi I my`‡Lvi
weiæ‡× wZwb me mgq †mv”Pvi| AZ¨vPvix Rwg`vi gnvRb‡`i nvZ †_‡K RbMY‡K i¶vq wZwb GKwU
I my`‡Lvi gnvRb‡`i nvZ †_‡K RbMY‡K i¶vq evwnbx M‡o †Zv‡jb Ges Zv‡`i cªwk¶‡Yi Rb¨
wZwb GKwU evwnbx M‡o †Zv‡jb Ges Zv‡`i GKwU `yM© cªwZôv K‡ib| Zvi G j¶¨ I Kvh©µ‡gi
cªwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU `yM© cªwZôv K‡ib| mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ kwn` wZZygx‡ii mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q|
K. KZ mv‡j '†e½j c¨v±' Pyw³ ¯^v¶wiZ nq? N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© e¨w³‡Z¡i A_©vr
L. '†e½j c¨v±' ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? wZZygx‡ii Av‡›`vj‡bi Kvi‡Y weªwUk we‡ivax
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kv‡bv gnvb Av‡›`vjb MwZ jvf K‡iwQj|
†bZvi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| wZZygx‡ii K…lK Av‡›`vjb I evivmvZ we‡`ªvn wQj
N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© e¨w³‡Z¡i B÷ BwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbi weiæ‡× kw³kvjx we‡`ªvn|
Av‡›`vj‡bi Kvi‡Y weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb Gi gva¨‡g wZwb cªgvY K‡ib †h, i³`vb e¨ZxZ
MwZ jvf K‡i we‡kølY K‡iv| ¯^vaxbZv AR©b m¤¢e bq| Zvui cwiPvwjZ G we‡`ªvn
1 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi wQj Rwg`vi I bxjKi‡`i AZ¨vPv‡ii weiæ‡×|
K. '†e½j c¨v±' ¯^v¶wiZ nq 1923 mv‡j| wZwb bvwi‡Kjevwoqvi Avkcv‡ki Rwg`vi‡`i
L. †e½j c¨v± n‡jv evsjvi wn›`y I gymwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi civwRZ K‡i PweŸk ciMbv, b`xqv Ges dwi`cyi
g‡a¨ we`¨gvb mv¤cÖ`vwqK we‡f` mgvav‡bi j‡¶¨ †Rjvi wKQy Ask wb‡q GKwU ¯^vaxb ivR¨ MVb
m¤úvw`Z Pyw³| K‡ib Ges †Kv¤úvwb miKv‡ii weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn
†`keÜy wPËiÄb `vk Abyfe K‡iwQ‡jb †h, evsjvi †NvlYv K‡ib| wZwb Bs‡iR miKv‡ii AvµgY
msL¨vMwiô gymjgvb‡`i `vwe AMªvn¨ K‡i ¯^vaxbZv †gvKvwejvi Rb¨ bvwi‡Kjevwoqvq GKwU evu‡ki
Av‡›`vjb Pvwj‡q hvIqv m¤¢e bq| G w`K we‡ePbv †Kjøv wbg©vY K‡ib| 1831 mv‡j Bs‡iR evwnbxi
K‡i wPËiÄb `vk gymjgvb‡`i mg_©b I wn›`y- mv‡_ hy‡× wZZygxiI kwn` nb|
gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ HK¨ cªwZôvi †Póv K‡ib| Bs‡iR‡`i †Mvjveviæ` Ges bxjKi I Rwg`vi‡`i
evsjvi gymwjg †bZvivI Zvui mv‡_ mn‡hvwMZvi HK¨e× cªwZ‡iv‡ai gy‡L wZZygx‡ii evu‡ki †Kjøv
nvZ evwo‡q †`b| G‡`i g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jb wQj mvnm Avi †`k‡cª‡gi cªZxK| hv hy‡M hy‡M
G.‡K. dRjyj nK, †gŠjwe Ave`yj Kwig Ges evOvwj‡K Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPv‡ii weiæ‡× cªwZev`gyLi
†nv‡mb knx` †mvnªvIqv`©x| Zv‡`i D‡`¨v‡M 1923 n‡Z mvnm hywM‡q‡Q| †cªiYv hywM‡q‡Q ¯^vaxbZvi
mv‡j '‡e½j c¨v±' ¯^v¶wiZ nq| c‡_ GwM‡q †h‡Z|
M. DÏxc‡Ki kvgmyj û`vi mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ gnvb Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K GUvB cªgvwYZ nq †h
wZZygx‡ii mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q| wZZygx‡ii Av‡›`vj‡bi Kvi‡YB cieZ©x mg‡qi
weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi AMª‰mwbK kwn` weªwUk we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb¸‡jv MwZ jvf K‡i‡Q|
wZZygx‡ii Avmj bvg ˆmq` gxi wbmvi Avjx| wZwb
†`‡ki gvbyl‡K Bs‡iR, Rwg`vi Ges bxjKi‡`i 2. Rbve 'K' `wi`ª cwiev‡i Rb¥MªnY K‡ib Ges Aí
AZ¨vPvi I †kvl‡Yi nvZ †_‡K i¶vi cª‡Póv eq‡m evev-gv‡K nvivb| wZwb †Kv‡bv wek¦we`¨vj‡q
Pvjvb| †jLvcovi my‡hvM cvbwb| Z‡e ag©xq wk¶vq wkw¶Z
wZwb K…lK‡`i‡K Zv‡`i AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb nb| weªwUkwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb, `wi`ª K…lK kªwg‡Ki
K‡i †Zv‡jb Ges Zv‡`i‡K msNe× nIqvi AvnŸvb ¯^v_© msi¶‡Y wZwb AvRxeb Av‡›`vjb K‡i †M‡Qb|
Rvbvb| †kvlK‡`i weiæ‡× jovB Kivi Rb¨ wZwb Zvi Rxebhvcb wQj AwZmvaviY| Zv‡K gRjyg
K…lK‡`i‡K mvgwiK cªwk¶Y w`‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| G Rb‡bZv wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq|
j‡¶¨ wZwb KjKvZvi wbKUeZ©x bvwi‡Kjevwoqv K. †Kvb Kg©m~wP‡K evOvwji gyw³i mb` ejv nq?
bvgK ¯’v‡b GKwU evu‡ki †Kjøv ev `yM© wbg©vY K‡ib| L. div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb ej‡Z Kx †evS?
DÏxc‡Ki kvgmyj û`vi †¶‡Î j¶ Kiv hvq, wZwb M. Rbve 'K' Gi mv‡_ †Zvgvi cvV¨cy¯‡Í Ki †Kvb
GKRb mr I mvnmx e¨w³| Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡× wZwb †bZvi Kg©Kv‡Ði wgj Av‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
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HULKENSTEIN HSC
 N. K…lK‡`i ¯^v_© Av`vq I RbAwaKvi cªwZôvq mwµqfv‡e AskMªnY K‡ib| myZivs †`Lv hvq,
D³ †bZvi f~wgKv Av‡jvPbv K‡iv| gRjyg Rb‡bZv gIjvbv fvmvbxiB cªwZdjb N‡U‡Q
2 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi Rbve 'K' Gi g‡a¨|
K. 1966 mv‡j e½eÜyi DÌvwcZ Qq `dv Kg©m~wP‡K N. K…lK‡`i ¯^v_© Av`vq I RbAwaKvi cªwZôvq D³
evOvwji gyw³i mb` ejv nq| †bZv A_©vr gIjvbv fvmvbx AmvaviY f~wgKv cvjb
L. div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb ej‡Z nvRx kixqZDjøvn KZ©…K K‡ib|
cwiPvwjZ diRwfwËK Av‡›`vjb‡K †evSvq| gIjvbv fvmvbx ev¯Íe Rxe‡b †`‡L‡Qb ZrKvjxb
1818 mv‡j nvRx kixqZDjøvn g°v †_‡K †`‡k Rwg`vi cª_v I evOvwji Ici AZ¨vPvi-wbh©vZ‡bi
wd‡i Av‡mb| †`‡k wd‡i wZwb †`L‡jb gymjgvbiv fqvj wPÎ| wZwb wb‡RI Gme wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi
bvbv cªKvi Kyms¯‹v‡i wjß| Zviv Keic~Rv, n‡q‡Qb| G Kvi‡YB Zvi KÉ RbM‡Yi AwaKvi
cxic~Rv, Iim I gvbZ K‡i cwiÎvY cv‡e e‡j g‡b Av`vq Ges `wi`ª K…lK‡`i c‡¶ †mv”Pvi n‡q I‡V|
KiZ| G Ae¯’v †`‡L nvRx kixqZDjøvn ag©xq gIjvbv fvmvbx ivRkvnxi aycNv‡Ui Rwg`vi,
ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK †`b| G‡Z Bmjvg a‡g©i Uv½vB‡ji m‡šÍv‡li Rwg`vi, †MŠixcy‡ii gnvivRv
cvuPwU diR cvj‡bi Ici me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv Ges cvebvi my`‡Lvi gnvRb‡`i weiæ‡× ch©vqµ‡g
nq| GB Av‡›`vjbB BwZnv‡m div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb K…lK Av‡›`vjb I we‡`ªvn msNwUZ K‡iwQ‡jb|
bv‡g cwiwPZ| wZwb wbibœ, Ae‡nwjZ, Awkw¶Z, Amnvq K…lK‡`i
M. Rbve 'K' Gi mv‡_ Avgvi cvV¨cy¯‡Í Ki gRjyg AwaKvi m‡PZb K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ wewfbœ ¯’v‡b
Rb‡bZv gIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbxi wgj K…lK m‡¤§jb K‡ib| 1937 mv‡j Avmv‡g 'jvBb
Av‡Q| cª_v' bv‡g GKwU wbcxW়bg~jK cª_v Pvjy nq|
gIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx Ae‡nwjZ fvmvbx GB cª_vi weiæ‡× Zxeª cªwZev` MW‡়
gvby‡li Rb¨ mvivRxeb KvR K‡i †M‡Qb| †Zv‡jb| Ae‡k‡l 1945 mv‡j GB cª_v evwZj
AZ¨vPvi, †kvlY I Ryjy‡gi weiæ‡× wQj Zvi c_ nq| 1945-46 mv‡j Avmvg RyW‡় evOvwji weiæ‡×
Pjv| GB AmvaviY †bZvi cªwZB wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q
'ev½vj †L`vI' Av‡›`vjb ïiæ n‡qwQj| G mgq
Rbve 'K' Gi ga¨ w`‡q| Rbve 'K' `wi`ª cwiev‡i
fvmvbx evOvwj‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Ny‡i
Rb¥MªnY K‡ib Ges Aí eq‡m evev-gv‡K nvivb|
†mB Av‡›`vj‡bi weiæ‡× Zxeª cªwZev` M‡o
ag©xq wk¶vq wkw¶Z GB gvbylwU weªwUkwe‡ivax
†Zv‡jb| GQvov wZwb mvgªvR¨ev`x weªwUk kvm‡bi
Av‡›`vjb Ges `wi‡`ªi ¯^v_© msi¶‡Y Av‡›`vjb
weiæ‡×I †mv”Pvi n‡q RbAwaKvi cªwZôvq eªZx
K‡i‡Qb| gIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbxi
nb| ¯^vaxb cvwK¯Ívb cªwZôvi ci cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb
†¶‡ÎI GgbwU j¶Yxq| wZwbI `wi`ª cwiev‡i Rb¥
kvmK‡Mvôx G‡`‡ki K…lK, kªwgK Z_v Avcvgi
wb‡q evj¨Kv‡j wcZv Ges ˆK‡kv‡i gvZv‡K nvivb|
Rbmvavi‡Yi Ici †kvlY I wbh©vZb Pvjvq| G
Gici PvPvi Avkª‡q wKQyw`b †_‡K cieZ©x‡Z
Ae¯’vq c~e© evsjvi cªv‡`wkK kvmb, gvZ…fvlvq K_v
feNy‡ii g‡Zv Rxebhvcb K‡ib| G mgq fvmvbx
ejvi AwaKvi Av`vq, ¯^-kvmb cªwZôvi jovB‡q
A‡bK Kó mn¨ K‡i‡Qb| `y‡ejv Lvevi †RvMvW‡়i
fvmvbx wQ‡jb Avcmnxb I wb‡ew`ZcªvY|
Rb¨ wZwb w`bgRyi I Kywji KvR K‡i‡Qb| wZwb cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, gIjvbv fvmvbx wQ‡jb K…lK,
K…lK, kªwgK I RbM‡Yi AwaKvi Av`v‡qi msMªv‡g kªwgK Z_v mgMª RbM‡Yi Ici †kvlY-wbh©vZ‡bi
wQ‡jb e×cwiKi| G msMªv‡g wZwb evi evi weiæ‡× cªwZev`x KÚ¯^i | K…lK‡`i ¯^v‡_© I
AZ¨vPvwiZ, wbh©vwZZ I DrcxwoZ n‡q‡Qb| RbAwaKvi i¶vq Zvi Avcmnxb f~wgKv wPi D¾¡j
Rb`iw` GB †bZv †kvlY I wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡× n‡q _vK‡e|
mvaviY Mwie gvby‡li ¯^v‡_© AvRxeb †mv”Pvi
wQ‡jb| G Kvi‡Y Zv‡K gRjyg Rb‡bZv e‡j 3. dqmvj mv‡ne `xN©w`b g°vq Ae¯’vb K‡ib| †`‡k
AwfwnZ Kiv nq| gIjvbv fvmvbx Jcwb‡ewkK I wd‡i wZwb GjvKvi gvby‡li A‰bmjvwgK Kg©KvÐ
mvgªvR¨ev`x weªwUk kvm‡bi †Nvi we‡ivax wQ‡jb| †`‡L ag©xq ms¯‹v‡i AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| gymjgvb
weªwUk kvm‡bi weiæ‡× wZwb mš¿vmev`x Av‡›`vjb, mgv‡Ri Ae‡nwjZ, wbh©vwZZ Ae¯’v †`‡L wZwb `ytL
†LjvdZ Av‡›`vjb, Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb, K…lK cvb| wZwb GjvKvevmx‡K msMwVZ K‡i ag©xq
cªRv Av‡›`vjb, cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vjb BZ¨vw` msMªv‡g
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HULKENSTEIN HSC
 wk¶vi gva¨‡g ivR‰bwZK m‡PZbZv m…wói D‡`¨vM gymjgvb‡`i Bmjvg a‡g©i Aek¨cvjbxq KZ©e¨
MªnY K‡ib| A_©vr diR cvj‡bi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| Kyms¯‹vi I
K. gRjyg Rb‡bZv †K wQ‡jb? A‰bmjvwgK KvRKg© Z¨vM K‡i diR cvj‡bi
L. wZZygxi †Kb evu‡ki †Kjøv ¯’vcb K‡ib? ZvwM` †`Iqv n‡Zv e‡j nvRx kixqZDjøvni G
M. DÏxc‡K dqmvj mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ BwZnv‡mi cªPviYv div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb bv‡g cwiwPZ| G
†Kvb gnr e¨w³i wgj Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq? Zvui Av‡›`vj‡bi g~j j¶¨¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wQj— 1. gymwjg
cwiPvwjZ Av‡›`vj‡bi j¶¨ e¨vL¨v K‡iv| mgvR‡K Bmjvwg g~jbxwZ Z_v diR Gi Ici
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Av‡›`vjb ZrKvjxb gymwjg cªwZwôZ Kiv; [Link]‡`i Kyms¯‹vigy³ cªK…Z
m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ beRvMi‡Yi m~Pbv K‡iwQj| ag©xq wk¶v `vb; 3. Zv‡`i‡K AwaKvi I KZ©e¨
Zywg wK welqwUi mv‡_ GKgZ? hyw³ `vI| cvj‡b m‡PZb K‡i †Zvjv; 4. gymjgvb‡`i ag©fxiæ
3 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi I ˆbwZK e‡j ejxqvb Kiv I 5. Bs‡iR evwnbx I
K. AvIqvgx gymwjg jx‡Mi cªwZôvZv mfvcwZ gIjvbv Rwg`vi‡`i AZ¨vPv‡ii weiæ‡× cªwZev` Kiv|
Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbxB (1880-1976) gRjyg N. DÏxc‡K Bw½ZK…Z Av‡›`vjb A_©vr div‡qwR
Rb‡bZv wn‡m‡e mycwiwPZ wQ‡jb| Av‡›`vjb ZrKvjxb gymwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨
L. ¯’vbxq AZ¨vPvix Rwg`vi I Jcwb‡ewkK Bs‡iR beRvMi‡Yi m~Pbv K‡iwQj- G welqwUi mv‡_ Avwg
miKv‡ii evwnbx‡K cªwZnZ Ki‡Z Ges wb‡Ri GKgZ|
Abymvix‡`i mvgwiK cªwk¶Y †`Iqvi Rb¨ wZZygxi weªwUk kvmbvg‡j ag©-eY© wbwe©‡k‡l fviZxqiv wewfbœ
(ˆmq` gxi wbmvi Avjx; 1782-1831) evu‡ki mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ wQj|
†Kjøv wbg©vY K‡ib| Z‡e wk¶vq AbMªmiZvmn wewfbœ Kvi‡Y
cwðge‡½i evwm›`v wZZygxi `wi`ª K…lK‡`i mv‡_ gymjgvb‡`i Ae¯’v wQj Zyjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk
wb‡q AZ¨vPvix Rwg`vi Ges weªwUk bxjKi‡`i cðv`c`| div‡qwR Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g evsjv
weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb ïiæ K‡ib| Zvi Av‡›`vjb PweŸk A‡ji gymjgvbiv ag©xq ms¯‹v‡ii cvkvcvwk
ciMbv I b`xqv †Rjvi K…lK, ZvuZx‡`i g‡a¨ Zv‡`i Av_©-mvgvwRK AwaKvi cybtcªwZôvi e¨vcv‡i
RbwcªqZv jvf K‡i| GKmgq miKvimn DØy× nq|
¶gZvevb‡`i mv‡_ Zv‡`i msNvZ ïiæ nq| div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb gymjgvb‡`i ag©xq Rxe‡b
Rwg`vi‡`i evwnbx Ges weªwUk miKv‡ii †mbv`j Abycª‡ek Kiv Keic~Rv, cxic~Rv, gbmv-kxZjv
wZZygx‡ii nv‡Z K‡qKevi civwRZ nq| wZZygxi c~Rv BZ¨vw` A‰bmjvwgK Kvh©Kjvc I wewfbœ
Zvi evwnbxi wbivcËv i¶v Ges cªwk¶‡Yi Rb¨ Kyms¯‹vi Z¨vM Kivi ZvwM` †`q| GQvov Bmjv‡gi
bvwi‡Kjevwoqvq evuk w`‡q GKwU †Kjøv wbg©vY K‡ib diR KvR¸‡jv cvj‡bi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡i|
| nvRx kixqZyjøvn Jcwb‡ewkK miKvi I AZ¨vPvix
M. dqmvj mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ evsjvi BwZnv‡mi Ab¨Zg Rwg`v‡ii wbh©vZb †gvKv‡ejv, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK
gnr e¨w³ nvRx kixqZDjøvni (1781-1840) wgj ˆelg¨ we‡jvc Ges ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi Av`v‡qi
cvIqv hvq| wel‡q gymjgvb‡`i m‡PZb K‡i †Zv‡jb| Zvi
nvRx kixqZDjøvn ˆkke †_‡K ag©xq wk¶vi cªwZ Av‡›`vjb Rwg`vi, †RvZ`vi, gnvRb, bxjKi I
AbyivMx wQ‡jb| wZwb gvÎ 18 eQi eq‡m g°vq weªwUk kvm‡bi weiæ‡× cªwZev` MW‡় †Zv‡j| ZLb
wM‡qwQ‡jb| `xN© wek eQi †mLv‡b Ae¯’vb K‡i e…nËi dwi`cyi A‡ji KvwiMi, K…lK, ZvuwZ I
Bmjvwg wk¶v AvqË K‡ib| DÏxc‡Ki dqmvj †R‡j m¤cÖ`vq Rwg`vi I weªwUk‡`i AZ¨vPvi-
mv‡n‡ei †¶‡ÎI GgbwU j¶Yxq| wbh©vZb †fvM KiZ †ewk| div‡qRx Av‡›`vj‡bi
dqmvj mv‡ne `xN©w`b g°vq Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Gici d‡j Giv wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi Av`vq I fvM¨ Dbœq‡b
†`‡k wd‡i ag©xq ms¯‹vi Ges ivR‰bwZK m‡PZbZv m‡Pó nq| Gfv‡e ax‡iax‡i mgMª evsjvi gymjgvb
m…wói D‡`¨vM MªnY K‡ib| nvRx kixqZDjøvnI g°v Rb‡Mvôx wb‡R‡`i Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb n‡q
†_‡K †`‡k wd‡i gymjgvb mgv‡R bvbv Kyms¯‹vi I‡V|
†`L‡Z cvb| cxic~Rv, Kei c~Rv, gbmv-kxZjv cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb gymjgvb‡`i
c~Rvmn bvbv ai‡bi A‰bmjvwgK KvR gymjgvb g‡a¨ Bmjvg ag© Ges †`k I mgvR wel‡q we`¨gvb
mgvR‡K Av”Qbœ K‡iwQj| G Ae¯’vq wZwb AÁZv I Kyms¯‹vi `~i K‡i Ges Zv‡`i‡K msMªvgx
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HULKENSTEIN HSC
 n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| ZvB G K_v ejv AZy¨w³ n‡e bv wb‡q cªwZwôZ Av‡›`vj‡b Ask †bIqvi gva¨‡gB
†h, div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb ZrKvjxb gymwjg e…nËi cwim‡i e½eÜyi ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡bi m~Pbv
m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ beRvMi‡Yi m~Pbv K‡iwQj| N‡U 1948 mv‡ji 11 gvP© D`©y‡K ivóªfvlv Kivi
cªwZev‡` mvaviY ag©N‡Ui WvK †`Iqv n‡qwQj Zvi
4. wKDevi gnvb wecøex †bZv wd‡`j Kv‡¯¿v hv‡K †`‡L †bZ…‡Z¡| 144 aviv f½ K‡i ivRc‡_ wgwQj †ei
e‡jwQ‡jb ÒAvwg Avcbv‡K †`‡LwQ Avgvi Avi Kivi Aciv‡a Zv‡K †Mªßvi Kiv nq| 1952 mv‡ji
wngvjq ce©Z †`Lvi `iKvi †bB|" hvi Wv‡K j¶ 26 Rvbyqvwi LvRv bvwRgDwÏb Avevi †NvlYv K‡ib,
j¶ †jvK Rxeb w`‡qwQj ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi Rb¨| D`©yB n‡e cvwK¯Ív‡bi GKgvÎ ivóªfvlv| G mgq
whwb Avg…Zy¨ †`‡ki gvbyl‡K fv‡jv‡e‡mwQ‡jb| †R‡j ew›` Ae¯’vq e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb Gi
K. div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb Kv‡K e‡j? cªwZev` Rvbvb Ges KvivMv‡i ew›` Ae¯’vq
L. †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©x‡K MYZ‡š¿i 'ivRe›`x‡`i gyw³ PvB' Ges 'ivóªfvlv evsjv PvB'
gvbmcyÎ ejv nq †Kb? `vwe‡Z wZwb Ges gwnDwÏb Avng` Abkb ag©NU
M. DÏxc‡K †Kvb †bZvi cªwZ Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q? cvjb K‡ib| Gi d‡j fvlv Av‡›`vjb AviI Zxeª
fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b Zvi f~wgKv e¨vL¨v K‡iv| n‡q I‡V| myZivs ejv hvq †h, 1952 mv‡ji fvlv
N. ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k cªwZôvq DwjøwLZ †bZvi Av‡›`vj‡b e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb AZ¨šÍ
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4 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi N. ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k cªwZôvq DwjøwLZ †bZv A_©vr
K. nvRx kixqZDjøvn mgv‡R cªPwjZ cxic~Rv I e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb Ab¨b¨ f~wgKv cvjb
Ab¨vb¨ Kyms¯‹vi Z¨vM K‡i diR cvjbwfwËK †h K‡ib| g~jZ Zvui †bZ…‡Z¡B evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxbZv
Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zv‡jb Zv-B div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡qwQj|
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi
L. †nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©x wQ‡jb MYZš¿gbv Ae`vb| wZwb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨
ivRbxwZ‡Z MYZvwš¿K aviv Pvjy Kivi gvb‡m wZwb cvwK¯Ív‡bi kvmK‡Mvôxi cªavb kÎy‡Z cwiYZ nb
cvwK¯Ív‡b cª_g kw³kvjx we‡ivax `‡ji Rb¥`vb Ges †R‡j AvUK _v‡Kb| wZwb evOvwj‡K
K‡ib| wZwb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †h, mvaviY wbe©vPbB fv‡jvevm‡Zb e‡j mKj evav, Ryjyg, wbh©vZb mn¨
MYZ‡š¿i m~wZKvMvi| wZwb RbM‡Yi ¯^vwaKvi‡K K‡i I j‡¶¨ AwePj †_‡K evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv wQwb‡q
MYZ‡š¿i Ab¨Zg c~e©kZ© wn‡m‡e MªnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Avb‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb|
me mgq fve‡Zb kvmbZ‡š¿i cª‡kœ RbM‡Yi ivqB ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k cªwZôvq e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb
P~ovšÍ| MYZ‡š¿i cªwZ Mfxi kª×v †cvlY Ki‡Z gyL¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| wZwb fvlv Av‡›`vjb
wZwb wcQcv n‡Zb bv| wZwb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb, wbf©yj †_‡K ïiæ K‡i evsjv‡`k ivóª wewbg©v‡Yi †cQ‡b
bxwZi Ici cªwZwôZ MYZš¿ KLbB e¨_© n‡Z cv‡i cªwZwU Av‡›`vjb-msMªv‡g mwµq f~wgKv cvjb
bv| MYZ‡š¿i cª‡kœ Avcmnxb †bZv wQ‡jb e‡jB K‡iwQ‡jb| Zvui DÌvwcZ nq `dv `vwe‡Z evOvwji
Zv‡K MYZ‡š¿i gvbmcyÎ ejv nq| Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi cªwZdjb N‡U Ges evOvwj
M. DÏxc‡K e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cªwZ Bw½Z wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi m‡PZb n‡q I‡V| hvi -djvdj
Kiv n‡q‡Q| wZwb fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †`Lv hvq 1970 Gi wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM Gi
Ae`vb †i‡LwQ‡jb| wbi¼yk weR‡qi g‡a¨| wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM weRq
DÏxc‡K j¶ Kiv hvq †h, wKDevi gnvb †bZv jvf Ki‡jI e½eÜy ¶gZvq †h‡Z cv‡ibwb| Gi
wd‡`j Kv‡¯¿v GKRb‡K †`‡L e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvwg ci cvK miKv‡ii Ab¨vq AwePv‡ii weiæ‡× wZwb
Avcbv‡K †`‡LwQ Avgvi Avi wngvjq ce©Z †`Lvi †mv”Pvi n‡q I‡Vb Ges Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK
`iKvi †bB|Õ GLv‡b g~jZ e½eÜy †kL gywReyi †`b| GiB †cªw¶‡Z wZwb 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP©
ingvb Gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| KviY wd‡`j Kv‡¯¿v ZrKvjxb †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b HwZnvwmK fvlY cª`vb
e½eÜy m¤ú‡K©B G gšÍe¨wU K‡iwQ‡jb| K‡ib Ges †mLv‡b c‡iv¶fv‡e ¯^vaxbZvi WvK
e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 1952 mv‡ji gnvb fvlv †`b| wZwb fvl‡Y e‡jwQ‡jb, 'Gev‡ii msMªvg
Av‡›`vj‡b mwµqfv‡e AskMªnY K‡iwQ‡jb| Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMªvg, Gev‡ii msMªvg ¯^vaxbZvi
evsjv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlv Kivi `vwe msMªvg|' Zvui G fvlY evOvwj RvwZ‡K ¯^vaxbZvi
4
HULKENSTEIN HSC
 g‡š¿ D¾xweZ K‡i †Zv‡j cieZ©x‡Z 1971 mv‡ji cª‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe K‡i| Ggb †cª¶vc‡U 1906
26 gvP© iv‡Zi cª_g cªn‡i cvK- nvbv`vi‡`i wbKU mv‡j gymwjg jxM cªwZwôZ nq|
ew›` nIqvi c~‡e©B wZwb ¯^vaxbZvi P~W়všÍ †NvlYv M. DÏxc‡Ki dRi Avjxi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi
cª`vb K‡ib| Zvui G †NvlYvq mvov w`‡q cvV¨eB‡qi nvRx kixqZDjøvni div‡qwR
evsjv‡`‡ki Avcvgi RbmvaviY gyw³hy‡× AskMªnY Av‡›`vj‡bi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q|
K‡i †`k‡K ¯^vaxb K‡i| evsjvq cwiPvwjZ wewfbœ ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq cªZxqgvb nq †h, ¯^vaxb Ab¨Zg n‡jv div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb | Bmjvg ag©
mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k cªwZôvq e½eÜy †kL gywReyi Abymv‡i gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ cvuPwU diR KvR Aek¨
ingv‡bi Ae`vb Ab¯^xKvh©| wZwb Av‡›`vjb- cvjbxq| G¸‡jv cvj‡bi DØy×KiY msµvšÍ †h
msMªv‡gi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i GKwU ¯^vaxb ivóª Dcnvi Av‡›`vjb cwiPvwjZ nq ZvB n‡jv div‡qwR
w`‡q‡Qb| Av‡›`vjb| DÏxc‡Ki Av‡›`vjbwU G Av‡›`vj‡biB
bvgvšÍi|
5. dRi Avjx GK mg&åvšÍ gymwjg cwiev‡ii mšÍvb| DÏxc‡Ki dRi Avjx ag©xq wk¶v MªnY I nReªZ
ag©xq wk¶v MªnY Kivi ci wZwb nReªZ cvjb Kivi cvj‡bi ci †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb| †`‡k wd‡i wZwb
Rb¨ g°vq Mgb K‡ib| `xN©w`b ci wZwb †`‡k Kyms¯‹v‡i wjß gymjgvb‡`i diR cvj‡bi Ici
wd‡ib| †`‡k wd‡i †`‡Lb Zvi GjvKvi gymjgvbiv †Rvi †`b| GQvov wZwb GKwU ag©xq ms¯‹vi
bvbv cªKvi Kyms¯‹v‡i wjß| ZvB wZwb ag©xq ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vjbI cwiPvjbv K‡ib| nvRx kixqZDjøvni
Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK †`b| ïay ZvB bq gymjgvb‡`i div‡qwR Av‡›`vj‡bi †¶‡ÎI GgbwU †`Lv hvq|
AvZ¥ïw×i Rb¨ Bmjv‡gi cvuPwU diR cvj‡bi nvRx kixqZDjøvn 1781 wLª÷v‡ã GK mg&åvšÍ
IciI me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡ib| gymwjg cwiev‡i Rb¥MªnY K‡ib| 1799 wLªóv‡ã
K. 'wØRvwZ ZË¡' Kv‡K e‡j? wZwb wk¶K evkviZ Avjxi mv‡_ g°vq nR Ki‡Z
L. gymjxg jxM †Kb MVb Kiv nq? hvb| †mLv‡b wZwb wek eQi Ae¯’vb K‡i ag©xq
M. DÏxc‡Ki dRi Avjxi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ wk¶vq wkw¶Z n‡q †`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb| ZrKvjxb
†Zvgvi cvV¨eB‡qi †Kvb Av‡›`vj‡bi mv`…k¨ evsjvi gymwjg mgv‡R bvbvwea Kyms¯‹vi I
Av‡Q? e¨vL¨ K‡iv| A‰bmjvwgK ixwZbxwZ Qwo‡q c‡owQj| Zviv
N. ZrKvjxb mgv‡R D³ Av‡›`vj‡bi cªfve cxic~Rv, Kei c~Rv, gvbZ, Iik BZ¨vw` Kyms¯‹v‡i
we‡kølY K‡iv| wjß n‡q c‡o| nvRx kixqZDjøvn gymjgvb‡`i
5 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi Gme ixwZ cwinv‡ii Dc‡`k †`b Ges Zv‡`i‡K
K. †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn wn›`y I gymjgvb m¤cÖ`vq Bmjv‡gi cvuPwU diR KvR cvj‡b DØy× K‡ib|
`ywU‡K c…_K RvwZ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i a‡g©i Zvi G cª‡Póv djcªm~ Kivi Rb¨ wZwb div‡qwR
wfwˇZ fviZ wefw³i †h `vwe Zy‡jwQ‡jb Zv‡K Av‡›`vjb bv‡g GKwU ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK
wØRvwZ ZË¡ e‡j| †`b| myZivs †evSv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki Av‡›`vjbwU
L. gymjgvb‡`i `yie¯’vi Aemvb K‡i Zv‡`i ¯^v_© i¶v div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb‡KB aviY Ki‡Q|
Kivi Rb¨ gymwjg jxM MVb Kiv nq| N. ZrKvjxb mgv‡R D³ Av‡›`vjb A_©vr div‡qwR
weªwUk kvm‡bi ïiæ †_‡KB fvi‡Zi gymjgvb Av‡›`vjb e¨vcK cªfve we¯Ívi K‡i|
m¤cÖ`vq Ae‡nwjZ I ewÂZ n‡Z _v‡K| fvi‡Zi div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb ZrKvjxb Kyms¯‹viv”Qbœ gymwjg
me m¤cÖ`v‡qi AwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ 1885 mv‡j mgv‡R bZyb cªv‡Yi mÂvi K‡i| Zviv wb‡R‡`i‡K
Ks‡Mªm cªwZwôZ nq| wKš‘ Ks‡Mª‡mi wKQy bxwZ I bZybfv‡e Dcjwä Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i| AvZ¥cªZ¨q I
wm×v‡šÍi Kvi‡Y gymjgvbiv nZvk Ges AvkvnZ AvZ¥ïw×i AvnŸv‡b Zv‡`i Rxe‡b MwZkxjZv m…wó
n‡q c‡o GQvovI wewfbœ †¶‡Î gymjgvbiv nq|
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Gme NUbvi †cªw¶‡Z wek kZ‡Ki cª_gv‡a© wgqv wcZvi Amgvß Kv‡Ri †bZ…Z¡ MªnY K‡ib| `y`y
gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ ivR‰bwZK m‡PZbZv ˆZwi nq| wgqvi Acwimxg mvsMVwbK ¶gZv I Kg©ZrciZvq
Zviv wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v ivR‰bwZK msMV‡bi div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡b cwiYZ
nq| wZwb wb‡Ri mg_©K‡`i wb‡q 1846 mv‡j
5
HULKENSTEIN HSC
 cÂP‡ii myiw¶Z bxjKywVi Ici `ytmvnwmK wbtm‡›`‡n evsjvi wn›`y-gymwjg H‡K¨i c_ cªk¯Í
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Rwg`vi‡`i we‡ivwaZv Pig AvKvi aviY K‡i| Z‡e M. n¨vu, Zvcm †mv‡gi mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ ivR‰bwZK
`y`y wgqv Gme †Zvqv°v K‡ibwb| eis Avg…Zy¨ wZwb e¨w³Z¡ †`keÜy wPËiÄb `v‡ki mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q|
G Av‡›`vj‡b †bZ…Z¡ `vb K‡ib| †`keÜy wPËeÄb `vk evsjvi GKRb ¶YRb¥v
g~jZ, nvRx kixqZDjøvni Av‡›`vjb wQj mvgvwRK gnvcyiæl| wZwb Zvui Ac~e© Z¨vM, Amxg †`k‡cªg I
I ag©xq ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vjb| G Av‡›`vjb evsjvi AmvaviY ¸Yvewji gva¨‡g evsjvi gyL D¾¡j
gymjgvbM‡Yi g‡a¨ cªej AvZ¥wek¦vm RvwM‡q K‡i‡Qb| GB gnr e¨w³‡Z¡i cªwZdjb j¶ Kiv
†Zv‡j| cieZ©xKv‡j A‡bK †bZv Zvi Av‡›`vj‡bi hvq DÏxc‡Ki Zvcm †mv‡gi g‡a¨|
Øviv AbycªvwYZ n‡qwQ‡jb| G Av‡›`vjb evsjvi ivRbxwZwe` Zvcm †mvg msKxY©Zv I †MvuW়vwgi
gymjgvb‡`i‡K mymsMwVZ Ki‡Z m¶g nq| Zviv E‡aŸ© gvbe‡cª‡g wek¦vm K‡ib| gvby‡li †mev KivB
wb‡R‡`i AwaKvi I KZ©e¨ m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb n‡q Zvi ivRbxwZi cªavb j¶¨| Avi ZvB wZwb wn›`y-
I‡V| GB m‡PZbZv evsjvi ¯^vaxbZv msMªv‡g gymwjg Dfq m¤cÖ`v‡qi ¯^v_© Dbœq‡b KvR K‡ib|
Amvgvb¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡iwQj| †`keÜy wPËiÄb `v‡ki †¶‡ÎI GgbwU j¶ Kiv
hvq| gvby‡li cªwZ Zvi AMva fv‡jvevmv wQj| ag©-
6. Zvcm †mvg GKRb ivRbxwZwe`| wZwb msKxY©Zv I e‡Y©i msKxY©Zv ev mv¤cÖ`vwqK weev`‡K wZwb cQ›`
†Mvovwgi E‡aŸ© gvbe‡cª‡g wek¦vm K‡ib| gvby‡li Ki‡Zb bv| Zvi ivRbxwZi g~j fvebvB wQj
†mevB Zvui ivRbxwZi cªavb j¶¨| Avi ZvB wZwb gvby‡li †mev| G Rb¨ wZwb ¯^‡`wk
wn›`y-gymwjg Dfq m¤cÖ`v‡qi ¯^v‡_©i Dbœq‡b KvR Av‡›`vjbKvix‡`i weiæ‡× `v‡qi Kiv gvgjv webv
K‡ib| cqmvq jW়‡Zb| wn›`y-gymwjg m¤cÖxwZ I HK¨
K. wZZygx‡ii c~Y© bvg Kx? cªwZôvq wZwb AK¬všÍ cwikªg K‡i‡Qb| 1923 mv‡j
L. †e½j c¨v± ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? m¤úvw`Z †e½j c¨v± G cª‡Póvi D`vniY| GQvov
M. DÏxc‡Ki Zvcm †mv‡gi mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ mvaviY gvbyl‡K wZwb
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e¨vL¨v K‡iv| wb‡Ri ab-m¤ú` wewj‡q w`‡q‡Qb| †kl ch©šÍ wZwb
N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© e¨w³‡Z¡i Ae`v‡bi wb‡Ri evwowUI mgvR‡mevi Rb¨ `vb K‡i hvb|
Kvi‡Y evsjvq Amv¤cÖ`vwqK ivRbxwZi wfZ Gme Kvi‡Y evsjvi RbMY Zv‡K '‡`keÜy' Dcvwa‡Z
kw³kvjx nq— we‡kølY K‡iv| f~wlZ K‡i| wn›`y-gymjgvb HK¨ cªwZôvi †¶‡ÎI
6 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi wZwb Amvgvb¨ Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb| ZvB ejv hvq,
K. wZZygx‡ii c~Y© bvg n‡jv ˆmq` gxi wbmvi Avjx| Zvcm †mvg ivRbxwZwe` wPËiÄb `v‡ki mv‡_B
L. evsjvi wn›`y-gymwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi g‡a¨ m¤cÖxwZ i¶vi mv`…k¨c~Y© GKwU PwiÎ|
Rb¨ m¤úvw`Z GKwU Pyw³ n‡jv †e½j c¨v±| N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© e¨w³Z¡ A_©vr †`keÜy
weªwUk kvm‡bi Aax‡b evsjvi 60 fvM RbMY wPËiÄb `v‡ki Ae`v‡bi Kvi‡Y evsjvq
gymjgvb n‡jI Zviv wewfbœ my‡hvM-myweav †_‡K Amv¤cÖ`vwqK ivRbxwZi wfZ kw³kvjx nq- Avwg
ewÂZ wQj| G Ae¯’vi †cªw¶‡Z Amv¤cÖ`vwqK I G e³‡e¨i mv‡_ GKgZ|
D`vi gvbwmKZvi AwaKvix †`keÜy wPËiÄb `vk evsjvi Amv¤cÖ`vwqK ivRbxwZwe` wPËiÄb `vk
†e½j c¨v± Gi D‡`¨vM MªnY K‡ib| Zvi AK¬všÍ eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb †h evsjvi me‡P‡q eo mgm¨v
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n‡jv †e½j c¨v‡±i g~jK_v| †`keÜyi G cª‡Póv wPËiÄb `vk 1923 mv‡j evsjvi RbMY‡K HK¨e×
nIqvi Rb¨ e¨vcKfv‡e AbycªvwYZ K‡i
6
HULKENSTEIN HSC
 mv¤cÖ`vwqKZv †iv‡a eªZx nb| Zvi G H‡K¨i ¯^vaxbZv msMªvg †cwi‡q ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡k g…Zy¨i c~e©
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mshy³ K‡ib| wZwb evsjv cª‡`‡ki gymjgvb‡`i wb‡q wZwb AvRxeb Av‡›`vjb-msMªvg K‡i †M‡Qb|
mv‡_ '‡e½j c¨v±' bv‡g GK HwZnvwmK Pyw³ G Kvi‡Y gvIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx‡K
m¤úv`b K‡ib| GB Pyw³‡Z wn›`y-gymwjg mevi gRjyg Rb‡bZv ejv nq|
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K‡c©v‡ik‡bi †gqi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjbKv‡j wbmvi Avjx wZZygxi 1782 mv‡j PweŸk ciMYv
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Kg©Kv‡Ði gva¨‡g Amv¤cÖ`vwqK ivRbxwZi gyL¨ Ges G‡`‡ki mvgšÍ Rwg`vi‡`i AZ¨vPv‡ii gvÎv
cªwZwbwaiƒ‡c AvZ¥cªKvk K‡ib| Zvi wewfbœ cª‡Póv †`‡L LyeB e¨w_Z nb Ges K…lK I Mwie-`ytLx
wn›`y-gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ HK¨ cªwZwôZ K‡i| d‡j gvbyl‡K gy³ Ki‡Z m‡Pó nb| g~jZ Zvi Av‡›`vjb
G †`‡k Amv¤cÖ`vwqK ivRbxwZi wfZ kw³kvjx M‡o I‡V K…lK‡`i‡K mv‡_ wb‡q| `‡j `‡j nvRvi
nq| nvRvi K…lK Zvi Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM †`q| K…lK‡`i
wb‡q Bs‡iR‡`i weiæ‡× wZwb we‡`ªvn ïiæ K‡ib|
7. Rbve ingZ Avjx nReªZ cvjb †k‡l †`‡k wd‡i GwU BwZnv‡m evivmvZ we‡`ªvn bv‡g cwiwPZ| 1831
G‡m mvgvwRK Kyms¯‹v‡ii weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb ïiæ mv‡j wZwb Bs‡iR‡`i weiæ‡× P~ovšÍ msMªv‡g wjß
K‡ib| wZwb K…lK‡`i‡K Rwg`vi I gnvRb‡`i nb| G D‡Ï‡k¨ bvwi‡Kj evwoqvq Zvi weL¨vZ
Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡× m‡PZb K‡i †Zv‡jb| miKvi evu‡ki †Kjøv wbg©vY K‡ib| wKš‘ wZwb hy‡× K‡b©j
Zv‡K †`k‡`ªvnx wn‡m‡e †NvlYv †`q Ges Zv‡K ÷yqv‡U©i AvaywbK mgiv‡¯¿i gy‡L wU‡K _vK‡Z e¨_©
cªwZnZ Kivi D‡`¨vM †bq| wZwb ¯^‡`k‡cª‡g DØy× nb Ges GK ch©v‡q hy‡× kvnv`vr eiY K‡ib|
n‡q Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡× cªwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡jb| DÏxc‡Ki Rbve ingZ Avjx nReªZ cvjb †k‡l
K. div‡qwR Av‡›`vj‡bi cªwZôvZv †K wQ‡jb? †`‡k wd‡i mvgvwRK Kyms¯‹v‡ii weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb
L. gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx‡K. gRjyg ïiæ K‡ib| wZwb K…lK‡`i‡K Rwg`vi I
Rb‡bZv ejv nq †Kb? gnvRb‡`i Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡× m‡PZb K‡i †Zv‡jb|
M. Rbve ingZ Avjxi Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ miKvi Zv‡K †`k‡`ªvnx wn‡m‡e †NvlYv †`q Ges
Dcgnv‡`‡ki †Kvb ms¯‹vi‡Ki mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q? Zv‡K cªwZnZ Kivi D‡`¨vM †bq| Zvi Gme
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| Kg©Kv‡Ûi mv‡_ kwn` wZZygx‡ii ms¯‹vi I
N. ÒD³ ms¯‹vi‡Ki AvZ¥Z¨vM evOvwj‡`i‡K msMªv‡gi mv`…k¨ cvIqv hvq|
gyw³hy‡× Aby‡cªiYv hywM‡q‡Q'— hyw³mn †jL| N. kwn` wZZygxi Ggb GKRb ms¯‹viK whwb AZ¨vPvix
7 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi Rwg`vi I Bs‡iR bxjKi‡`i weiæ‡× iæ‡L
K. div‡qwR Av‡›`vj‡bi cªwZôvZv kixqZDjøvn| `vuwo‡qwQ‡jb, hvi AvZ¥Z¨vM evOvwj RvwZ‡K
L. lv‡Ui `k‡K AvBqye kvmbwe‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b gyw³hy‡× Aby‡cªiYv hywM‡q‡Q|
gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx wQ‡jb GK evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i ag©xq, mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK I
R¡vjvgqx KÉ| wZwb me©`vB mv‡g¨i K_v e‡j‡Qb| A_©‰bwZK Rxe‡b kwn` wZZygx‡ii AvZ¥Z¨vM GK
K…lK-kªwg‡Ki gyw³ I RbAwaKvi cªwZôvq gvIjvbv we‡kl ¸iæZ¡ enb K‡i| Zvi Av‡›`vjb cwiPvwjZ
fvmvbx GK ewjô f~wgKvq AeZxY© nb| 1969 n‡qwQj mgv‡Ri †kvwlZ wbcxWw়Z gvby‡li c‡¶|
mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìv‡b Zvi my‡hvM¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i K_v ag©xq ms¯‹v‡ii cvkvcvwk K…lK‡`i Rwg`vi,
me©Rbwew`Z| cvwK¯Ívb Avgj †_‡K ïiæ K‡i
7
HULKENSTEIN HSC
 bxjKi‡`i AZ¨vPvi I †kvlY †_‡K gy³ KivB wQj M. DÏxc‡K ¯^vaxbZvc~e© evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨Zg
wZZygx‡ii D‡Ïk¨| ivR‰bwZK †bZv †k‡i evsjv G. †K. dRjyj n‡Ki
kwn` wZZygxi AZ¨vPvix Rwg`vi I bxjKi‡`i Ae`vb cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q|
weiæ‡× mk¯¿ msMªvg ïiæ K‡ib| g~jZ Zvi DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, cwjø GjvKvi gvby‡li Rbwcªq
Av‡›`vjb M‡o I‡V K…lK‡`i‡K mv‡_ wb‡q| `‡j †bZv Kwjgyjøvn bvbvwea mgm¨vq RR©wiZ K…lK‡`i
`‡j nvRvi nvRvi K…lK Zvi Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM †`q| gyw³i Dcvq LyuR‡Z _v‡Kb| RbM‡Yi †fv‡U
K…lK‡`i wb‡q Bs‡iR‡`i weiæ‡× evivmvZ we‡`ªvn cªwZwbwa wbe©vwPZ n‡q wZwb my`‡Lvi gnvRb‡`i
ïiæ K‡ib| 1831 mv‡j wZwb Bs‡iR‡`i weiæ‡× Kej †_‡K K…lK‡`i‡K gy³ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU
P~ovšÍ msMªv‡g wjß nb Ges GKch©v‡q kvnv`vZ AvBb cªYqb K‡ib| ZvQvov f~¯v^ gx‡`i Kej †_‡K
eiY K‡ib| Rwg wd‡i cvIqvi Rb¨ Aci GKwU AvBb wZwb
†h‡Kv‡bv wbcxobg~jK kvm‡bi weiæ‡× wZZygxi cªYqb K‡ib| cvV¨eB‡qi eY©bvq †`Lv hvq †h,
evOvwj‡K Aby‡cªiYv hywM‡q‡Qb| cvwK¯Ívwb †k‡i evsjv G. †K. dRjyj nK wQ‡jb K…lK `i`x
`ytkvm‡bi weiæ‡× `xN© Av‡›`vjb-msMªv‡g wZwb †bZv| wZwb 1937 mv‡j gyL¨gš¿xi `vwqZ¡ †bqvi
wQ‡jb evOvwji mvn‡mi Drm| Zvi AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi ci FY mvwjwk †evW© MVb K‡i Rwg`vi I Mªvg¨
Av`k© gyw³hy‡× Aby‡cªiYv †RvMvq, hvi d‡j evOvwj gnvRb‡`i Øviv K…l‡Ki AwaKvi Av`v‡q ewjô
¯^vaxbZv AR©‡b m¶g n‡qwQj| f~wgKv iv‡Lb| 1938 mv‡j wZwb K…lK‡`i myweav‡_©
cªRv¯^Z¡ AvBb cvm K‡ib| 1940 mv‡j wZwb
8. cwjø GjvKvi gvby‡li Rbwcªq †bZv Kwjgyjøvn gnvRwb AvBb cvm K‡ib| †gvUK_v evsjvi
bvbvwea mgm¨vq RR©wiZ K…lK‡`i gyw³i Dcvq Ae‡nwjZ K…lKKy‡ji fvM¨vKv‡k wZwb wQ‡jb GK
LyuR‡Z _v‡Kb| RbM‡Yi †fv‡U cªwZwbwa wbe©vwPZ D¾j b¶Î hv evsjvi K…lK‡`i gyw³i c‡_i mÜvb
n‡q wZwb my`‡Lvi gnvRb‡`i Kej †_‡K †`q|
K…lK‡`i‡K gy³ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU AvBb cªYqb †k‡i evsjv G. †K. dRjyj nK `wi`ª I K…lK
K‡ib| ZvQvov f~¯^vgx‡`i Kej †_‡K Rwg wd‡i cªRv‡`i my`‡Lvi gnvRb I Rwg`vi‡`i Kej †_‡K
cvIqvi Rb¨ Aci GKwU AvBb wZwb cªYqb K‡ib| i¶v K‡ib| Avi ZvB evOvwj RbM‡Yi ü`‡q wZwb
K. e½f½c~e© Awef³ cª‡`kwUi bvg Kx wQj? ¯’vqx Avmb K‡i wb‡q‡Qb|
L. cªv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb ej‡Z Kx †evS? N. D³ †bZv Z_v G †K dRjyj n‡Ki mKj Ae`vb
M. DÏxc‡K ¯^vaxbZvc~e© evsjv‡`‡ki †h †bZvi DÏxc‡K cªwZdwjZ nqwb, Avwg G e³‡e¨i mv‡_
Ae`vb cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v K‡iv| GKgZ|
N. D³ †bZvi mKj Ae`vb DÏxc‡K cªwZdwjZ DÏxc‡Ki eY©bvq †k‡i evsjv G. †K. dRjyj n‡Ki
nqwb Zywg wK G e³‡e¨i mv‡_ GKgZ? ïaygvÎ K…wl‡¶‡Î Ae`v‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| wZwb
†Zvgvi Dˇii mc‡¶ hyw³ `vI| K…wl‡¶Î QvovI Av‡iv bvbv w`‡K Ae`vb †i‡L‡Qb|
8 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi †hgb- 1906 mv‡j XvKvq AbywôZ me©fviZxq wk¶v
K. e½f½c~e© Awef³ cª‡`kwUi bvg wQj evsjv| m‡¤§j‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡`¨vMx e¨w³ wQ‡jb †k‡i evsjv
L. cªv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb ej‡Z cª‡`‡ki c~Y© KZ©…Z‡¡ K G. †K. dRjyj nK| G m‡¤§j‡b wZwb AvaywbK
eySvq| cvðvZ¨ wk¶vi Dci ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡ib| wZwb
cªv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb e¨e¯’vq †`ki¶v, ciivóª 1912 mv‡j KjKvZvq gymwjg wk¶v mwgwZ MVb
msµvšÍ Ges A_© G wÎwea wel‡qi KZ©…Z¡ †K›`ªxq K‡ib Ges 1913 mv‡j wk¶v‡K MYgyLx Kivi
miKv‡ii nv‡Z b¨¯Í _v‡K| wk¶v, ¯^v¯’¨, K…wl, j‡¶¨ e½xq AvBb cwil‡` wk¶v cwiKíbv †ck
wePvi, cywjk Ges AvBbk…•Ljv BZ¨vw` wel‡qi K‡ib| GQvovI XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cªwZôv, bvixwk¶v
KZ©…Z¡ cªv‡`wkK miKv‡ii nv‡Z b¨¯Í _v‡K| I wewfbœ K‡jR cªwZôvi wcQ‡b RwoZ wQ‡jb †k‡i
hy³ivóªxq c×wZi miKvi e¨e¯’vq †K›`ªxq miKvi I evsjv G. †K. dRjyj nK|
cªv‡`wkK miKv‡ii g‡a¨ Gfv‡eB ¶gZv eÈb K‡i G †K dRjyj nK memgq evOvwji `vwe-`vIqv
†`Iqv nq| g~jZ GwUB n‡jv cªv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmb| Av`v‡q Ges mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZi weKv‡k †mv”Pvi
wQ‡jb| ivR‰bwZK †¶‡ÎI dRjyj n‡Ki Ae`vb
LyeB Zvrch©gwÐZ| wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb
8
HULKENSTEIN HSC
 Amv¤cÖ`vwqK †bZv| ZvB‡Zv 1916 mv‡ji wn›`y- ˆ¯^ikvm‡bi weiæ‡× Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡bi WvK
gymwjg‡`i ¯^v‡_© 'j‡¶&YŠ Pyw³' m¤úv`‡b f~wgKv †`b|
iv‡Lb| Awef³ evsjvi gyL¨gš¿x †k‡i evsjv G. 1970 mv‡ji RvZxq I cªv‡`wkK cwil‡` AvIqvgx
†K. dRjyj nK fvi‡Zi DËi-cwðg I c~e©v‡j jxM e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡
msL¨vMwiô gymjgvb GjvKv wb‡q ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi K_v msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| wKš‘ ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv
1940 mv‡j jv‡nvi cª¯Ív‡ei gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb wb‡q ¶gZvmxb miKvi Uvjevnvbv ïiæ K‡i|
K‡ib| †cªwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb 13 †deªyqvwi †NvlYv K‡i 3
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †k‡l ejv hvq †h, DÏxc‡K ewY©Z gvP©, 1971 RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb em‡e| wKš‘
Kg©KvÐ QvovI D³ ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡ Z_v †k‡i f~‡Æv RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ek‡b †hvM`vb Ki‡Z
evsjv G. †K. dRjyj nK Av‡iv A‡bK RbwnZKi A¯^xKvi K‡i| 1971 mv‡ji 1 gvP© Bqvwnqv Lvb
KvR K‡i‡Qb| nVvr RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨
¯’wMZ K‡i| d‡j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b cªwZev‡`i So
9. e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 3iv gvP© 1971 XvKvi cªevwnZ nq| XvKvi RbMY ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e wgwQj,
cëb gq`v‡b fvlY w`‡Z wM‡q e‡jb, "AvR †_‡K c_mfv I Rbmfv Ki‡Z _v‡K| 1971 mv‡ji 2
KjKviLvbv Awdm- Av`vjZ eÜ _vK‡e| gvP© XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi eUZjvq QvÎ-RbZvi
†ijMvWw়i PvKv eÜ _vK‡e, LvRbv-U¨v· †`Iqv mgv‡e‡k
Pj‡e bv|" GB avivevwnKZvq wZwb 7B gvP© 1971 evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv D‡Ëvjb Kiv nq| e½eÜy †kL
Gi fvl‡Y †NvlYv K‡ib, ÒGev‡ii msMªvg Avgv‡`i gywReyi ingvb 3 gvP© cëb gq`v‡b AbywôZ
gyw³i msMªvg, Gev‡ii msMªvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMªvg|" Rbmfvq miKv‡ii weiæ‡× c~Y© Amn‡hvM
K. KZ mv‡j e½f½ i` nq? Av‡›`vj‡bi AvnŸvb Rvbvb|
L. 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi djvdj eY©bv Ki| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, 3 gvP© 1971 mv‡j XvKvi cëb
M. DÏxc‡K cª_g As‡k ewY©Z e½eÜyi †NvlYvi gq`v‡b e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi fvl‡Yi
ivR‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki| gva¨‡g cvwK¯Ívb kvmK‡Mvôxi weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb
N. DÏxc‡K cª_g I †kl As‡k ewY©Z e½eÜyi ïiæ nq| e½eÜyi wb‡`©‡k cª‡`‡ki mKj cªwZôvb,
†NvlYv Kxfv‡e ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³? Awdm-Av`vjZ, KjKviLvbv meB eÜ n‡q hvq |
HwZnvwmK NUbvewji Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z fvl‡Yi cª_g Ask 3 gvP© 1971
9 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi mv‡j XvKvi cëb gq`v‡b Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb Ges
K. 1911 mv‡j e½f½ i` nq| †kl As‡k 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© igbvi †im‡Kvm©
L. 1970 mv‡j wbe©vP‡b RvZxq I cªv‡`wkK cwil‡` gq`v‡b cª”Qbœfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv
e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgx jxM Av‡›`vj‡bi †NvlYv K‡ib|
wbi¼yk msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| DÏxc‡K `ywU HwZnvwmK fvl‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPwb djvd‡j †`Lv hvq, RvZxq e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 1971 mv‡j 3 gvP© Ges
cwil` wbe©vP‡b c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b 169wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 7 gvP© c…_K `ywU fvlY cª`vb K‡ib| cª_g I †kl
AvIqvgx jxM 167wU Avmb jvf K‡i| Z‡e As‡k ewY©Z e½eÜyi †NvlYv `ywU ci¯úifv‡e
AvIqvgx jxM cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b †Kv‡bv Avmb m¤úK©hy³| 1970 mv‡ji RvZxq I cªv‡`wkK
cvqwb| cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡bi RvZxq cwil‡`i 138wU cwil`mg~‡ni wbe©vP‡bi ci RvZxq cwil‡`i
Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 83wU Avmb jvf K‡i wccj&m cvwU©| Awa‡ekb Avnevb Ges wbe©vwPZ cªwZwbwa‡`i nv‡Z
Z‡e G `j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b †Kvb Avmb jvf K‡iwb| ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡i ¶gZvmxb miKvi Uvjevnvbv ïiæ
cªv‡`wkK cwil‡`i 300wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 288wU‡Z K‡i| 13 †deªyqvwi †cªwm‡W›U Bqvwnqv Lvb †NvlYv
AvIqvgx jxM Rqjvf K‡i| evwK 12wU Avm‡bi K‡ib 3 gvP©, 1971 RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb
9wU‡Z ¯^Zš¿, 2wU‡Z cvwK¯Ívb †W‡gv‡µwUK cvwU© em‡e| wKš‘ f~‡Æv Awa‡ek‡b †hvM`vb Ki‡Z
Ges GKwU‡Z Rvgvqv‡Z- B-Bmjvgx Rq jvf K‡i| A¯^xKvi K‡i| 1971 mv‡ji 1 gvP© Bqvwnqv Lvb
Awa‡ekb Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ ¯’wMZ †NvlYv K‡ib|
M. DÏxc‡Ki cª_g As‡k e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 3 d‡j XvKvi RbMY ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e wgwQj, c_mfv I
gvP© 1971 mv‡j XvKvi cëb gq`v‡b cvwK¯Ívwb Rbmfv Ki‡Z _v‡K| e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 1
9
HULKENSTEIN HSC
 gvP© cëb gq`v‡b AbywôZ Rbmfvq miKv‡ii 6. div‡qwR Av‡›`vj‡bi ivR‰bwZK PwiÎwU wQj
we¶y×c~Y© Amn‡hv‡Mi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| wk¶v- weªwUkwe‡ivax|
cªwZôvb, Awdm-Av`vjZ, Kj-KviLvbv meB eÜ M. DÏxc‡K gwbi PwiÎwUi mv‡_ cvV¨eB‡qi msMªvgx
n‡q hvq| Gici 7 gvP© 1971 mv‡j igbvi e¨w³ wZZygx‡ii mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q|
†im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b †NvlYv K‡ib, Gev‡ii msMvg DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ gwbi †QvU‡ejv †_‡K
Avgv‡`i gyw³i msMªvg, Gev‡ii msMªvg ¯^vaxbZvi mgvRRxe‡bi mKj †kvlY, wbcxob I wbh©vZ‡bi
msMªvg| G fvl‡Yi gva¨‡g wZwb cª”Qbœfv‡e weiæ‡× me©`v †mv”Pvi wQ‡jb| GRb¨ wZwb kvmK
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡i| cwi‡k‡l ejv †kªwYi weiæ‡× hy‡× AeZxY© nIqvi j‡¶¨ 1831
hvq, ewY©Z fvlY `ywU †`k gvZ…Kvi ¯^vaxbZv msMªvg mv‡j evuk I gvwU w`‡q GKwU `yM© wbg©vY K‡ib|
evOvwj RbMY‡K hy‡× Svuwc‡q co‡Z Aby‡cªiYv djkªywZ‡Z kvmK`j Zv‡K `g‡bi Rb¨ mymvw¾Z
RywM‡qwQj| ZvB 1971 mv‡ji 3 gvP© Ges 7 gv‡P©i evwnbx †cªiY K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z GK i³¶qx hy‡×
fvlY `ywU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| gwbi kwn` nb Ges Zvi evwnbx civwRZ nq|
G iKg NUbv wZZygx‡ii †¶‡ÎI cwijw¶Z nq|
10. gwbi †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB mgvRRxe‡bi mKj †kvlY, weªwUkwe‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi AMª‰mwbK I wecøex †bZv
wbcxob I wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡× me©`v †mv”Pvi wQ‡jb| ˆmq` gxi wbmvi Avjx Ii‡d wZZygxi| wZwb
GRb¨ wZwb kvmK †kªwYi weiæ‡× hy‡× AeZxY© †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB Ryjyg, AZ¨vPvi, DrcxW়b I
nIqvi j‡¶¨ 1831 mv‡j evuk I gvwU w`‡q GKwU †kvl‡Yi weiæ‡× DÏxc‡Ki gwb‡ii g‡Zv me©`v
`~M© ˆZwi K‡ib| djkªywZ‡Z kvmK `j Zv‡K †mv”Pvi wQ‡jb| ZvB wZwb †`‡ki mvaviY RbMY‡K
`g‡bi Rb¨ mymw¾Z evwnbx †cªiY K‡ib| Rwg`vi I bxjKi‡`i nvZ †_‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨
cieZ©x‡Z GK i³¶qx hy× msNwUZ nq| G hy‡× msMªv‡g wjß nb| Rwg`vi‡`i ¯^v‡_© weªwUk miKv‡ii
gwbi kwn` nb Ges Zvi evwnbx civwRZ nq| Kg©KvÐ cwiPvwjZ n‡j wZwb weªwUk miKv‡ii mv‡_
K. nvRx kixqZDjøvni cy‡Îi bvg Kx? msN‡l© AeZxY© nb| G msN‡l© Bs‡iR evwnbx
L. div‡qwR Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki| †kvPbxqfv‡e civwRZ nq| Bs‡iR‡`i mv‡_
M. DÏxc‡K gwbi PwiÎwUi gva¨‡g cvV¨eB‡qi AwP‡iB fqven hy× Awbevh© †f‡e wZZygxi weªwUk
†Kvb msMªvgx e¨w³i mv`…k¨ dy‡U D‡V‡Q? Av‡Mœqv‡¯¿i AvµgY n‡Z AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨
e¨vL¨v Ki| bvwi‡Kjevwoqvq 1831 mv‡ji 23 A‡±vei GKwU
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10
HULKENSTEIN HSC
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11
HULKENSTEIN HSC