D”P gva¨wgK ● †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (wØZxq cÎ) ● Aa¨vqwfwËK m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi

wØZxq Aa¨vq: cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K evsjv‡`k (1947-1971)

1. ÔNÕ iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZvi `yB hyM ci cª_g mvaviY K‡ib| hv Avgvi cwVZ 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi
wbe©vP‡b GKwU Rbwcªq ivR‰bwZK `j GKK mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y©|
msL¨vMwiô Avmb †c‡q weRqx nq| wKš‘ miKvi N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© wbe©vPb A_©vr 1970
¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍi bv Kivq weRqx `‡ji †bZv ¯^vaxbZv mv‡ji wbe©vPb e¯ÍyZc‡¶ cvwK¯Ívb ivóªwUi
†NvlYv K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK g…Zy¨ NUvq |
K. evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªcwZ Kvi Øviv wbe©vwPZ nb? 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b evOvwji ¯^Zš¿
L. kvmb wefvM ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? RvZxqZv‡ev‡ai ewntcªKvk N‡U| wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kv‡bv jx‡Mi Af~Zc~e© weRq cwðgv kvmK‡Mvôxi my`xN©
wbe©vP‡bi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 25 eQ‡ii AZ¨vPvi, wbcxob I †kvl‡Yi nvZ
N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© wbe©vPb e¯ÍyZc‡¶ †_‡K evOvwji ¯^vwaKvi Ges gyw³ jv‡fi `vweiB
ivóªwUi ivR‰bwZK g…Zy¨ NUvq- we‡kølY K‡iv| ewntcªKvk|
1 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi 1970 mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM GKK
K. evsjv‡`‡ki ivóªcwZ msm` m`m¨‡`i Øviv A_©vr msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b Ki‡j cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx
c‡iv¶ c×wZ‡Z wbe©vwPZ nb| ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii e¨vcv‡i Uvjevnvbv ïiæ K‡i|
L. kvmb wefvM ej‡Z †evSvq miKv‡ii †m wefvM‡K RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb AvnŸvb K‡iI Zv Avevi
†h wefvM †`‡ki cªPwjZ AvBb Abyhvqx kvmbKvh© Awbw`©óKv‡ji Rb¨ ¯’wMZ Kiv nq| Gi cªwZev‡`
cwiPvjbv K‡i| e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 2 gvP© XvKvq Ges 3 gvP©
miKv‡ii wZbwU wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ kvmb wefv‡Mi mgMª c~e© evsjvq niZv‡ji WvK †`b| 7 gvP©
f~wgKv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| kvmb wefvMB miKv‡ii †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b Zvi fvl‡Y wZwb ¯^vaxbZvi WvK
Avmj PvwjKv kw³| ivóªcwZ, cªavbgš¿x, gš¿x, †`b|
cªwZgš¿x Ges Dcgš¿x‡`i wb‡q kvmb wefvM MwVZ 1971 mv‡ji 2 †_‡K 25 gvP© ch©šÍ cvwK¯Ívwb
nq| kvmb wefv‡Mi KvR n‡jv AvBbmfv KZ©…K kvm‡bi weiæ‡× c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb
cªYxZ AvB‡bi ev¯Íevqb Kiv| P‡j| 25 gvP© ga¨iv‡Z cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbx
M. DÏxc‡Ki wbe©vP‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ 1970 XvKvmn Ab¨vb¨ kni¸‡jv‡Z nvRvi nvRvi wbixn,
mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q| wbi¯¿ evOvwj‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v K‡i| 26 gv‡P©i
1947 mv‡j cvwK¯Ívb ¯^vaxb n‡jI †`kwUi RvZxq cª_g cªn‡i e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb cª_g
cwil‡`i cª_g mvaviY wbe©vPb AbywôZ nq 1970 evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv K‡ib| G †NvlYvi
mv‡ji 7 I 8 wW‡m¤^i| DË wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM mv‡_ mv‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki me©¯Í‡ii RbMY hy‡×
c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b msiw¶Z gwnjv Avmbmn RvZxq Svuwc‡q c‡o| `xN© 9 gvm i³¶qx hy‡×i ci
cwil‡`i †gvU 313wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 167wU Avmb evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nq |
†c‡q GKK msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K, Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K GUvB cªZxqgvb nq †h,
cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡bi 4wU cª‡`‡ki g‡a¨ wcwcwc †gvU DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© wbe©vPb A_©vr 1970
83wU Avmb cvq| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi G weRq mv‡ji wbe©vPb cªK…ZB cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi ivR‰bwZK
cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ ¶gZv nviv‡bvi fxwZ g…Zy¨ NUvq|
Qwo‡q †`b| d‡j wbe©vP‡bi djvdj cªKv‡ki ci
†_‡K Zviv bZyb lohš¿ ïiæ K‡i| e½eÜy †kL 2. 'K' iv‡óªi miKvi gvÎ 3 fvM †jv‡Ki fvlv‡K
gywReyi ingvb Zv‡`i lohš¿ eyS‡Z †c‡i ¯^vaxbZv iv‡óªi GKgvÎ gvZ…fvlv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv K‡i|
msMªv‡gi WvK †`b| miKv‡ii wm×v‡šÍi cªwZev‡` RbMY Av‡›`vj‡b
DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, 'N' iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZvi `yB hyM ci bv‡g Ges Rxeb w`‡q Zv cªwZ‡iva K‡i|
cª_g mvaviY wbe©vP‡b GKwU Rbwcªq ivR‰bwZK `j K. Qq`dv Kx?
GKK msL¨vMwiôZv jvf K‡i| wKš‘ miKvi ¶gZv L. hy³dª›U ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
n¯ÍvšÍi bv Kivq weRqx `‡ji †bZv ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv

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 M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kv‡bv †NvlYv K‡i| miKv‡ii wm×v‡šÍi cªwZev‡` RbMY
HwZnvwmK Av‡›`vj‡bi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? Av‡›`vj‡b bv‡g Ges Rxeb w`‡q Zv cªwZ‡iva K‡i|
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| Zv‡`i G Av‡›`vjb I cªwZ‡iva Kg©m~wPi mv‡_
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Av‡›`vjb ¯^vaxbZvi m~ÎcvZ evOvwji 1952 mv‡ji fvlv Av‡›`vjb mv`…k¨c~Y©|
K‡i- we‡kølY K‡iv| N. DÏxc‡K Av‡jvwPZ Av‡›`vjb A_©vr 1952 mv‡ji
2 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi fvlv Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi m~ÎcvZ
K. Qq`dv n‡jv e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb KZ©…K K‡i|
†NvwlZ evOvwji AwaKvi Av`v‡qi 6wU `vwe cvwK¯Ív‡bi †gvU Rb‡Mvôxi kZKiv 56 fvM
msewjZ GKwU Kg©m~wP| †jv‡Ki gy‡Li fvlv wQj evsjv| ZeyI cvwK¯Ívwb
L. hy³dª›U ej‡Z 1954 mv‡j AbywôZ ZrKvjxb c~e© kvmK‡Mvôx D`©y‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv Kivi wm×všÍ
cvwK¯Ív‡bi cªv‡`wkK cwil‡`i mvaviY wbe©vP‡b MªnY K‡i| Gi cªwZev‡` 1952 mv‡ji 21 †deªyqvwi
AskMªnYKvix GKwU ivR‰bwZK †RvU‡K †evSvq| c~e© cvwK¯Ívbe¨vcx ivóªfvlv w`em cvj‡bi †NvlYv
1954 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivR‰bwZK †`Iqv nq| wKš‘ cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx 20
`j¸‡jv ¶gZvmxb gymwjg jxM‡K civwRZ Kivi †deªyqvwi we‡Kj †_‡K XvKv kn‡i 144 aviv Rvwi
j‡¶¨ †RvUe× n‡q wbe©vP‡b AskMªn‡Yi cwiKíbv K‡i| c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi RbMY 144 aviv f½ K‡i
K‡i| GiB †cªw¶‡Z 1953 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i gv‡m wgwQj †ei K‡i| wgwQ‡j cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z ReŸvi,
gqgbwms‡n AbywôZ AvIqvgx gymwjg jx‡Mi eiKZ, mvjvg, iwdKmn Av‡iv A‡b‡K kwn` nb|
KvDw݇j Ôhy³dª›U' †RvU MV‡bi wm×všÍ nq| G G Av‡›`vjbB evOvwj RvwZi BwZnv‡m fvlv
†RvU PviwU ivR‰bwZK `j wb‡q MwVZ nq| Av‡›`vjb bv‡g L¨vZ|
`j¸‡jv n‡jv- AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM, K…lK-kªwgK DÏxc‡K ÔKÕ iv‡óªi miKvi gvÎ 3 fvM †jv‡Ki
cvwU©, †bRvg-B-Bmjvwg cvwU© Ges MYZš¿x `j| fvlv‡K iv‡óªi GKgvÎ gvZ…fvlv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv
wbe©vP‡b hy³dª‡›Ui cªZxK wQj †bŠKv| K‡i| miKv‡ii wm×v‡šÍi cªwZev‡` RbMY
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ HwZnvwmK fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b bv‡g Ges Rxeb w`‡q Zv cªwZ‡iva K‡i|
Av‡›`vj‡bi mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i G Av‡›`vjb 1952 mv‡ji evOvwji fvlv
1947 mv‡j cvwK¯Ívb m…wói ci †_‡KB †`kwUi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y©|
ivóªfvlv Kx n‡e Zv wb‡q gZwe‡iva ïiæ nq| †m fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi †PZbvB cieZ©xKv‡j evOvwji
mgq cvwK¯Ív‡bi †gvU Rb‡Mvôxi kZKiv 56 fvM cªwZwU MY- Av‡›`vj‡b †cªiYv †hvMvq Ges
†jv‡Ki gy‡Li fvlv wQj evsjv| A_P cvwK¯Ívwb ivR‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK I A_©‰bwZK gyw³i c_‡K
kvmK‡Mvôx D`©y‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv Kivi wm×všÍ myMg K‡i| 1962 mv‡ji wk¶v Av‡›`vjb, 1966
MªnY K‡i| gynv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn Ges cªavbgš¿x mv‡ji Qq `dv, 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìvb Ges
LvRv bvwRgyÏxb D`©y‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv Kivi 1970 mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡b ¯^vwaKv‡ii cª‡kœ c~e©
†NvlYv †`b| c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi QvÎ I ZiæY mgvR evsjvi gvbyl HK¨e× nq| Avi GiB avivevwnKZvq
Zv‡`i G †NvlYvi cªwZev` Rvbvq Ges Zxeª 1971 mv‡ji gnvb gyw³hy‡× P~W়všÍ mvdj¨ AR©b
Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zv‡j| 1952 mv‡ji 21 †deªyqvwi K‡i| wek¦ gvbwP‡Î Afy¨`q N‡U evsjv‡`k bvgK
Zviv c~e© cvwK¯Ívbe¨vcx ivóªfvlv w`em cvj‡bi GKwU ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg iv‡óªi| ZvB ejv hvq, 1952
†NvlYv †`q| G Kg©m~wP‡K evbPvj Kivi Rb¨ mv‡ji fvlv Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi
kvmK‡Mvôx 144 aviv Rvwi K‡i| wKš‘ c~e© m~ÎcvZ K‡i|
cvwK¯Ív‡bi RbMY 144 aviv f½ K‡i wgwQj †ei
K‡i| wgwQ‡j cywjk ¸wj Ki‡j kwn` nb ReŸvi, 3. 'L' iv‡óªi AZ¨šÍ Rbwcªq †bZv‡K †MªdZvi K‡i
eiKZ, mvjvg, iwdKmn Av‡iv A‡b‡K| d‡j G `xN©w`b webv wePv‡i KvivMv‡i ivLvi ci lohš¿g~jK
Av‡›`vjb Av‡iv †eMevb nq| G Av‡›`vj‡bi wg_¨v gvgjv `v‡qi Kivq RbMY we‡¶v‡f †d‡U
djkªywZ‡Z cvwK¯Ívb miKvi evsjv‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi c‡o| GK ch©v‡q miKvi wg_¨v gvgjv cªZ¨vnvi
Ab¨Zg ivóªfvlvi ¯^xK…wZ w`‡Z eva¨ nq| K‡i Rbwcªq †bZv‡K gyw³ w`‡Z eva¨ nq|
DÏxc‡KI †`Lv hvq, 'K' iv‡óªi miKvi gvÎ 3 fvM K. gywRebMi miKv‡ii cªavbgš¿x †K wQ‡jb?
†jv‡Ki fvlv‡K iv‡óªi GKgvÎ gvZ…fvlv wn‡m‡e L. fvlv Av‡›`vjb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?

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 M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kv‡bv gyw³ w`‡Z eva¨ nq| hv Avgvi cwVZ 1969 mv‡ji
HwZnvwmK NUbvi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? e¨vL¨v MYAv‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y©|
K‡iv| N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z NUbvi mv‡_ evOvwji 1969 mv‡ji
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z NUbv RvZxqZvev`x MYAfy¨Ìvb| mv`…k¨c~Y© hv evOvwji RvZxqZvev`x
Av‡›`vjb‡K †eMevb K‡i- we‡kølY K‡iv| Av‡›`vjb‡K †eMevb K‡i|
4 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi 1969 mv‡ji gvSvgvwS mg‡q ¶gZvmxb
K. gywRebMi miKv‡ii cªavbgš¿x wQ‡jb ZvRDÏxb kvmK‡Mvôxi weiæ‡× c~e© evsjvi RbMY Zxeª
Avng`| cªwZev` Rvbvq| Aímg‡qi g‡a¨ G cªwZev`
L. fvlv Av‡›`vjb ej‡Z †evSvq evsjv fvlv‡K ivóªxq MYAv‡›`vj‡b iƒc †bq| MYZvwš¿K msMªvg cwil` I
gh©v`vq cªwZwôZ Kivi `vwe‡Z msNwUZ QvÎmsMªvg cwil‡`i †bZviv HwZnvwmK AvMiZjv
MYAv‡›`vjb| gvgjv cªZ¨vnv‡ii `vwe‡Z AUj _v‡K| G mgq
1947 mv‡j cvwK¯Ív‡bi ¯^vaxbZvi ciciB †`kwUi gvIjvbv Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx cªZ¨¶ msMªv‡gi
ivóªfvlv wK n‡e Zv wb‡q cªkœ †`Lv †`q| WvK w`‡q GK R¡vjvgqx fvlY †`b| G‡Z
cvwK¯Ív‡bi †K›`ªxq †bZ…e…›` †NvlYv K‡ib AvBbk…•Ljv cwiw¯’wZi Av‡iv AebwZ N‡U|
cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv n‡e D`©y| wKš‘ c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi MYAv‡›`vjb AviI Zxeª iƒc aviY K‡i Ges cªkvmb
QvÎ- RbZv cªwZev`gyLi n‡q I‡V Ges ivóªfvlv APj n‡q c‡o| Giƒc cwiw¯’wZ‡Z AvBqye miKvi
evsjvi `vwe‡Z Av‡›`vjb ïiæ K‡i| G Av‡›`vj‡b 1969 mv‡ji 22 †deªyqvwi AvMiZjv gvgjv
mvjvg, eiKZ, iwdK, mwdKmn Av‡iv A‡b‡K cªZ¨vnvi Ges me Avmvwg‡K webv k‡Z© gyw³ w`‡Z
kwn` nb| G Av‡›`vjbB fvlv Av‡›`vjb bv‡g eva¨ nq| MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi d‡j lohš¿g~jK G
cwiwPZ| gvgjvi Aemvb N‡U Ges evOvwj RvZxqZvev`x
M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvi mv‡_ cvwK¯Ív‡bi Ab¨Zg Av‡›`vjb Av‡iv kw³kvjx n‡q I‡V|
Av‡›`vjb 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi mv`…k¨ MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi Kvi‡Y c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b wek…•Lj
i‡q‡Q| ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ weivR K‡i Ges AvBbk…•Ljv
AvBqye Lvb 1958 mv‡j ¶gZv `Lj Kivi ci cwiw¯’wZ µgvš^‡q AebwZi w`‡K †h‡Z _v‡K| ZvB
cvwK¯Ív‡b mvgwiK GKbvqKZ¡ cªwZôv K‡ib| wZwb kvmbZvwš¿K e¨e¯’vi DbœwZi Rb¨ †Rbv‡ij Bqvwnqv
c~e© evsjvi RbM‡Yi Av_©-mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK Lvb 1970 mv‡j wbe©vP‡bi †NvlYv †`b| wbe©vP‡b
ˆelg¨ `~ixKiY Ges ¯^vqËkvm‡bi `vwe‡K D‡c¶v AvIqvgx jxM Rq K‡i| wKš‘ kvmK‡Mvôx ¶gZv
K‡ib| 6 `dv Av‡›`vjb‡K e¨_© Kivi Rb¨ 1968 n¯ÍvšÍi bv Kivq 1971 mv‡j c~e© evsjvq Amn‡hvM
mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m AvBqye miKvi e½eÜy †kL Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv nq hv gyw³hy‡×i iƒc cwiMªn
gywReyi ingvb‡K GK b¤^i Avmvgx K‡i 35 Rb K‡i|
evOvwj mvgwiK-‡emvgwiK e¨w³i bv‡g AvMiZjv 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìvb evOvwji ivR‰bwZK,
lohš¿ gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i| D³ gvgjvq e½eÜy‡K mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK †kvlY I eÂbv †_‡K gyw³i
†MªdZvi Kiv nq| GB wg_¨v gvgjv cªZ¨vnvi Ges c_ iPbv K‡i| G Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡gB c~e© evsjvi
AvBqye Lv‡bi c`Z¨vM, 1962 mv‡ji msweavb RbMY wb‡R‡`i ¯^vqËkvm‡bi `vwe‡Z msMªvg K‡i
evwZj, GK e¨w³ GK †fv‡Ui' wfwˇZ msm`xq Ges Gi d‡j ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki Afy¨`q
MYZš¿ cªwZôvi Rb¨ c~e© evsjvi RbMY me©vZ¥K N‡U|
MYAv‡›`vjb M‡o †Zv‡j| GB Av‡›`vjbB '69
mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìvb bv‡g L¨vZ| MYAv‡›`vj‡b fxZ 4. A‡bK ¯^cœ wb‡q 'cªZ¨vkv' mgvRKj¨vY ms¯’v
n‡q AvBqye miKvi e½eÜymn Ab¨ ew›`‡`i gyw³ cªwZwôZ nq| ïiæ †_‡KB wewfbœ wel‡q
w`‡Z eva¨ nq| `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i g‡a¨ gZ‡f` †`Lv †`Iqvq ms¯’vwUi
DÏxc‡Ki eY©bvqI †`Lv hvq, ÔLÕ iv‡óªi AZ¨šÍ †Kv‡bv MVbZš¿ ˆZwi Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| `xN©w`b ci
Rbwcªq †bZv‡K †MªdZvi K‡i `xN©w`b webv wePv‡i GKwU MVbZš¿ ˆZwi n‡jI Zv Aí mg‡qi e¨eav‡b
KvivMv‡i ivLvi ci lohš¿g~jK wg_¨v gvgjv `v‡qi evwZj n‡q hvq|
Kivq RbMY we‡¶v‡f †d‡U c‡o| GK ch©v‡q K. hy³dª›U Kx?
miKvi wg_¨v gvgjv cªZ¨vnvi K‡i Rbwcªq †bZv‡K L. 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìvb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?

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 M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ 1956 mv‡ji wØZxq MYcwil` MwVZ nq| 1956 mv‡ji 9
cvwK¯Ívb msweavb cªYq‡bi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? Rvbyqvwi MYcwil‡` 'msweavb wej DÌvwcZ nq Ges
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| †deªyqvwi gv‡m Zv cvm nq| 1956 mv‡ji 23 gvP©
N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© NUbvi g~‡j wQj †_‡K G msweavb Kvh©Ki nq|
'mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Awgj'- cvwK¯Ív‡bi DÏxc‡Ki †¶‡ÎI †`Lv hvq, A‡bK ¯^cœ wb‡q
†cªw¶‡Z g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 'cªZ¨vkv' mgvRKj¨vY ms¯’v cªwZwôZ nq| ïiæ †_‡K
4 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi wewfbœ wel‡q `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i g‡a¨ gZ‡f` _vKvq
K. hy³dª›U n‡jv AvIqvgx gymwjg jxM (c‡i bvg nq ms¯’vwUi †Kv‡bv MVbZš¿ ˆZwi Kiv m¤¢e nqwb|
AvIqvgx jxM), K…lK kªwgK cvwU©, †bRvg-B- `xN©w`b ci GKwU MVbZš¿ ˆZwi n‡jI Zv Aí
Bmjvwg Ges evgcš’x MYZš¿x `‡ji mgš^‡q 1954 mg‡qi g‡a¨ evwZj n‡q hvq| DÏxc‡Ki G
mv‡j MwVZ GKwU ivR‰bwZK †RvU| ms¯’vwUi MVbZš¿ ˆZwii mv‡_ 1956 mv‡j
L. cvwK¯Ívwb kvmKP‡µi weiæ‡× 1969 mv‡j msNwUZ cvwK¯Ív‡bi cª_g msweavb cªYq‡bi ¯úó mv`…k¨ j¶
evsjvi gvby‡li Zxeª Av‡›`vjbB Ebmˇii Kiv hvq|
MYAfy¨Ìvb bv‡g cwiwPZ| 1968 mv‡ji b‡f¤^‡ii N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© NUbv A_©vr 1956 mv‡ji
QvÎ Am‡šÍvl‡K †K›`ª K‡i G Av‡›`vj‡bi m~ÎcvZ cvwK¯Ívb msweavb cªYq‡bi `xN©m~wÎZv Ges Zv
nq| Aímg‡qi e¨eav‡b evwZj n‡q hvIqvi g~‡j wQj
me †kªwYi evOvwji g‡a¨ Dbmˇii MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi 'mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK Awgj'|
Awfbœ `vwe wQj ˆ¯^ikvmK AvBqye Lv‡bi c`Z¨vM| Rb¥jMœ †_‡KB cvwK¯Ívb `ywU As‡k wef³ wQj|
Z‡e wkí kªwgK Ges wbgœ I ga¨ Av‡qi GKwU Ask wQj cwðg cvwK¯Ívb Ges Ab¨wU wQj
†ckvRxex‡`i Kv‡Q GwU ax‡i ax‡i cvwK¯Ívbx‡`i c~e© cvwK¯Ívb ev c~e© evsjv (eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k)| G
†kvlY I ˆelg¨we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b iƒc †bq| G `yB A‡ji g‡a¨ cªvq 1200 gvB‡ji †fŠ‡MvwjK
Afy¨Ìvb wQj cvwK¯Ívb cªwZôvi ci me©e…nr `~iZ¡ (fvi‡Zi f~LÐ) wQj| ZvB ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB
MYRvMiY| Gi ga¨ w`‡q AvBqye Lvb miKv‡ii AÂj؇qi g‡a¨ mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK †¶‡Î
cZb N‡UwQj| A‡bK Awgj j¶ Kiv hvq| Bmjvg a‡g©i eÜb
M. n¨vu, DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ 1956 mv‡ji Qvov `yB As‡ki Awaevmx‡`i g‡a¨ fvlv, ms¯‹…wZ,
cvwK¯Ívwb msweavb cªYq‡bi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q| †cvkvKcwi”Q`, Lv`¨vf¨vm Gme w`‡K cªvq †Kv‡bvB
jv‡nvi cª¯Ív‡ei wfwˇZ 1947 mv‡j cvwK¯Ívb wgj wQj bv|
iv‡óªi Rb¥ n‡jI kvmK‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ bvbv wel‡q cvwK¯Ív‡bi ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci ciB †`kwUi c~e© I
gZ‡f` _vKvq †`kwUi msweavb ˆZwi Ki‡Z `xN© 9 cwðg As‡ki g‡a¨ ivóª fvlvi cª‡kœ gZwe‡iva †`Lv
eQi †j‡M hvq| `xN©w`b ci msweavb ˆZwi n‡jI †`q| cvwK¯Ív‡bi †gvU RbmsL¨vi 56 kZvsk
gvÎ `yB eQ‡ii gv_vq Zv evwZj n‡q hvq| evOvwj n‡jI D`©y‡K GKgvÎ ivóªfvlv Kivi PµvšÍ
cvwK¯Ív‡bi msweavb cªYq‡bi NUbvi mv‡_ ïiæ nq| G Qvov jv‡nvi cª¯Ív‡ei Av‡jv‡K
DÏxc‡Ki cªZ¨vkv mgvRKj¨vY ms¯’vi MVbZš¿ cvwK¯Ív‡b hy³ivóªxq miKvie¨e¯’v cªwZwôZ n‡jI
ˆZwiiI wgj cvIqv hvq| cª‡`k¸‡jv‡K c~Y© ¯^vqËkvmb †`Iqv nqwb| eis
cvwK¯Ív‡bi cª_g MYcwil` msweavb cªYq‡bi ZrKvjxb cvwK¯Ívb miKvi cªv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvm‡bi
D‡Ï‡k¨ 1949 mv‡j ÔAv`k© cª¯ÍveÕ MªnY K‡i| cwie‡Z© kw³kvjx †K›`ªxq miKvi MV‡bi c`‡¶c
GQvov msweav‡bi g~jbxwZ wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU wb‡qwQj| cªv‡`wkK ¯^vqËkvmbKvgx I kw³kvjx
KwgwU MVb K‡i| G KwgwU wZbRb cªavbgš¿xi †K›`ªxq kvm‡bi c¶vej¤^bKvix‡`i g‡a¨ we‡iv‡ai
mgqKv‡j wZbwU wi‡cvU© ˆZwi K‡i| Z‡e †Kv‡bv d‡j MYcwil` msweavb cªYq‡b `xN© mgq wb‡Z
wi‡cvU©B Av‡jvi gyL †`‡Lwb| ZvQvov H mg‡q eva¨ nq|
Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij †Mvjvg †gvnv¤§` AhvwPZfv‡e †K›`ªxq AvBbmfvq wewfbœ cª‡`‡ki cªwZwbwa‡Z¡i
MYcwil‡`i Kvh©µ‡g n¯Í‡¶c Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| welqwU wQj cvwK¯Ívb msweavb cªYq‡bi †¶‡Î
¶gZvi ؇b&Øi GK ch©v‡q †Mvjvg †gvnv¤§` 1954 GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© weZwK©Z welq| g~jbxwZ KwgwUi
mv‡ji 24 A‡±vei †`‡k Riæwi Ae¯’v Rvwi K‡i cª_g wi‡cv‡U© c~e© evsjv‡K †K›`ªxq AvBb cwil‡`
MYcwil` evwZj K‡ib| 1955 mv‡ji †g gv‡m

HULKENSTEIN HSC
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 KgmsL¨K Avmb †`Iqv nq| G Kvi‡Y evOvwj Gi c‡_ PvwjZ K‡i| DÏxcKwU GB AmvaviY
weiæ‡× cªwZev`gyLi n‡q I‡V| Kg©m~wPiB Bw½Z enb K‡i|
me‡k‡l ejv hvq, wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRK DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, 'K' iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZvi ci †_‡KB
cªwZeÜKZv, iv‡óªi `yB As‡ki ga¨Kvi †fŠ‡MvwjK, Gi GKwU A‡ji RbMY kvmK‡Mvôxi KvQ †_‡K
mvs¯‹…wZK I gvbwmK `~iZ¡ Ges Awgj cvwK¯Ív‡bi wewfbœ ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi nq| d‡j Zv‡`i g‡b Mfxi
MVbZš¿ ˆZwii †¶‡Î cªfve †d‡j| hvi d‡j †¶v‡fi m…wó nq Ges Zviv ˆel‡g¨i weiæ‡× cªwZev`
msweavb ˆZwii cªwµqv `xN©vwqZ nq| M‡o †Zv‡j| GK ch©v‡q Zv‡`i Rbwcªq †bZv
kvmK‡Mvôxi Kv‡Q wKQy `vwe †ck K‡ib| e½eÜyi
5. 'K' iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZvi ci †_‡KB kvmK‡Mvôx iv‡óªi DÌvwcZ 6 `dv Kg©m~wPi †¶‡Î DÏxc‡Ki G
GKwU A‡ji RbM‡Yi cªwZ wegvZvmyjf AvPiY NUbviB cªwZdjb j¶ Kiv hvq| 1947 mv‡j
ïiæ K‡i| kvmK‡Mvôxi wbcxob-wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡× cvwK¯Ívb m…wói ci †_‡KB cwðgv kvmK‡Mvôx c~e©
RbMY HK¨e× nq Ges GK ch©v‡q RbM‡Yi wcªq evsjvi (c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi) Rbmvavi‡Yi Ici bvbv
†bZv kvmK‡Mvôxi Kv‡Q wKQy `vwe DÌvcb K‡ib| AZ¨vPvi, AwePvi, †kvlY, eÂbv I wbh©vZb ïiæ
K. Qq-`dv Kg©m~wP Kx? K‡i| Zviv †emvgwiK I mvgwiK PvKwi, K…wl, wkí,
L. AvMiZjv gvgjv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? wk¶v, A_©bxwZmn me †¶‡Î cvnvomg ˆelg¨ m…wó
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ Qq-`dv K‡i| evOvwjiv GKmgq G ˆelg¨ Aemv‡bi `vwe‡Z
Kg©m~wPi †Kv‡bv mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? e¨vL¨v †mv”Pvi I‡V| Zv‡`i ivR‰bwZK I A_©‰bwZK
K‡iv| ¯^vwaKv‡ii `vwe‡K mvg‡b †i‡L e½eÜy †kL gywReyi
N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© Kg©m~wP wQj ingvb 1966 mv‡ji 5-6 †deªyqvwi jv‡nv‡i GK
evOvwji gyw³i mb` - we‡kølY K‡iv| ivR‰bwZK m‡¤§j‡b HwZnvwmK 6 `dv `vwe †ck
5 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi K‡ib| GKK_vq GwU wQj evOvwji bvh¨ AwaKvi
K. c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi (c‡i ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k) cªwZ cwðg Av`v‡qi mb`| myZivs †`Lv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki 'K'
cvwK¯Ív‡bi kvmK‡Mvôxi ˆelg¨ Aemv‡bi j‡¶¨ iv‡óªi kvmK‡`i Kv‡Q DÌvwcZ Kg©m~wPwU g~jZ 6
1966 mv‡j e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb †h Kg©m~wP `dv `vweiB cªwZ”Qwe|
†ck K‡ib ZvB Qq-`dv Kg©m~wP| N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© Kg©m~wP A_©vr nq `dv
L. cvwK¯Ívb miKvi 1968 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m Kg©m~wP wQj evOvwji gyw³i mb`|
e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb‡K cªavb Avmvwg K‡i cvwK¯Ív‡bi ˆ¯^ikvmK‡`i †kvlY, wbh©vZb I
wZwbmn †gvU 35 Rb evOvwj mvgwiK-†emvgwiK AwePv‡ii weiæ‡× Qq `dv wQj GKwU ewjô
Kg©KZ©vi weiæ‡× †h ivóª‡`ªvwnZvi gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i c`‡¶c| †kvwlZ evOvwj‡`i A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK
ZvB AvMiZjv gvgjv bv‡g cwiwPZ| I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi Av`vqB wQj G Av‡›`vj‡bi
gvgjvq D‡jøL Kiv n‡qwQj, e½eÜy †kL gywRe I j¶¨| 1966 mv‡j e½eÜyi Qq `dvi gva¨‡g c~e©
H Kg©KZ©viv fvi‡Zi wÎcyiv iv‡R¨i ivRavbx cvwK¯Ív‡bi evOvwjiv cª_g wjwLZfv‡e ¯^vqËkvm‡bi
AvMiZjvq †m‡`‡ki miKv‡ii mv‡_ GK ˆeV‡K `vwe †ck K‡i| cvwK¯Ívb miKvi G `vwe‡K †Kv‡bv
cvwK¯Ívb‡K wef³ Kivi lohš¿ K‡i‡Qb| me©`jxq ¸iæZ¡ †`qwb| Z‡e G A‡ji RbMY µ‡gB nq
QvÎ msMªvg cwil` Ges gvIjvbv fvmvbx cvwK¯Ívb `dvi cªwZ mnvbyf~wZkxj n‡Z _v‡K| Gi d‡j
miKv‡ii G Pµv‡šÍi weiæ‡× Ges gvgjv cªZ¨vnvi 1970 mvj ch©šÍ hv wQj ¯^vqËkvm‡bi `vwe, 1971
I e½eÜymn me ew›`i gyw³i `vwe‡Z MY-Av‡›`vjb mv‡j G‡m Zv ¯^vaxbZvi `vwe‡Z cwiYZ nq| Qq
M‡o †Zv‡jb| MY-Av‡›`vj‡bi gy‡L AvBqye miKvi `dv `vwe‡Z D¾xweZ n‡qB evOvwj †kl ch©šÍ
1969 mv‡ji 22 †deªyqvwi AvMiZjv gvgjv ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ gyw³hy‡× Svuwc‡q c‡o| Gi
cªZ¨vnvi K‡i wb‡Z eva¨ nq| avivevwnKZvqB Avgiv P~ovšÍ gyw³ ev ¯^vaxbZv
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ 1966 mv‡ji Qq `dv AR©b Ki‡Z †c‡iwQjvg|
Kg©m~wPi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, Qq `dv‡Kw›`ªK Av‡›`vj‡bi c_
msMªv‡gi BwZnv‡m HwZnvwmK 6 `dv GKwU AwZ a‡iB Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k| G
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kg©m~wP| Gi gva¨‡g evOvwji ¯^vwaKv‡ii Kvi‡YB G Av‡›`vjb ev Kg©m~wP‡K evOvwji gyw³i
`vwe GKwU cwiYwZ cvq Ges Zv‡`i‡K ¯^vaxbZvi mb` ejv nq|

HULKENSTEIN HSC
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 cvwK¯Ív‡bi `yB As‡k 1970 mv‡ji 7 wW‡m¤^i
6. AvwdªKv gnv‡`‡ki GKwU e…nr ivóª 'K'| ivóªwU `y'wU RvZxq cwil` Ges 17 wW‡m¤^i cªv‡`wkK cwil`
As‡k wef³| DËi As‡k M‡o IVv GKwU wbe©vPb AbywôZ nq| wbe©vPwb djvd‡j †`Lv hvq,
ivR‰bwZK `j H A‡ji RbM‡Yi cªwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i RvZxq cwil` wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM c~e©
Ges `w¶Y As‡k M‡o IVv ivR‰bwZK `jwU `w¶Y cvwK¯Ív‡bi 162wU Avm‡b cªv_©x g‡bvbqb †`q Ges
As‡ki RbM‡Yi cªwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| G Kvi‡Y RvZxq 160wU Avm‡bB Rqjvf K‡i| Aewkó 2wU Avm‡b
cwil` wbe©vP‡b `j `y'wU AÂjwfwËK msL¨vMwiôZv wbe©vwPZ nb wcwWwci byiæj Avwgb Ges wb`©jxq
AR©b K‡i| cªv_©x wÎw`e ivq| cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡bi 4wU cª‡`‡k
K. AvMiZjv gvgjvi Avmvwg KZRb wQj? wcwcwc †gvU 83wU Avmb cvq| AvIqvgx jxM
L. hy³dª›U ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? msiw¶Z gwnjv Avmbmn RvZxq cwil‡`i †gvU
M. DÏxc‡Ki wbe©vP‡bi mv‡_ cvwK¯Ív‡bi †Kvb 313wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 167wU Avmb †c‡q GKK
wbe©vP‡bi mvgÄm¨ j¶ Kiv hvq? D³ msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| Avi `jwUi wbKUZg
wbe©vP‡bi djvdj e¨vL¨v K‡iv| cªwZØb&Øx wcwcwc †gvU 88wU Avmb cvq| Aciw`‡K
N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© wbe©vPb cvwK¯Ív‡b cªv‡`wkK cwil` wbe©vP‡b c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b †gvU 310
RvZxq msnwZi †¶‡Î Kx mgm¨v ˆZwi (10wU msiw¶Z gwnjv Avmbmn) Avm‡bi g‡a¨
K‡iwQj? we‡kølY K‡iv| AvIqvgx jxM 298wU Avmb †c‡q GK‡PwUqv
6 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi msL¨vMwiôZv jvf K‡i| j¶y¨xq †h, G wbe©vP‡b
K. AvMiZjv gvgjvi Avmvwg wQj 35 Rb| 'AvIqvgx jxM †hgb cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b 1wU AvmbI
L. hy³dª›U ej‡Z c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi 1954 mv‡ji cvqwb, wcwcwcI †Zgwb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b †Kv‡bv Avmb
cªv‡`wkK wbe©vP‡b AskMªnYKvix GKwU ivR‰bwZK cvqwb| G Z_¨ †_‡K cªgvwYZ nq †h, DÏxc‡K
†RvU‡K †evSvq| ewY©Z 'K' iv‡óªi wbe©vPbwU cvwK¯Ív‡bi 1970 mv‡ji
1954 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b c~e© evsjvq (c~e© cvwK¯Ívb) wbe©vP‡bi mv‡_B mv`…k¨c~Y©|
¶gZvmxb gymwjg jxM‡K †gvKvwejv Kivi Rb¨ N. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y© wbe©vPb A_©vr
we‡ivax ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv HK¨e× nq| gIjvbv cvwK¯Ív‡bi 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb †`kwUi RvZxq
Avãyj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx, G. †K. dRjyj nK I msnwZi †¶‡Î msKU ˆZwi K‡iwQj|
†nv‡mb knx` †mvnivIqv`©xi cª‡Póvq we‡ivax 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb ALÐ cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi me©‡kl
ivR‰bwZK `j¸‡jv GKwU †RvU MVb K‡i| 1953 wbe©vPb| G wbe©vP‡bi djvdj we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv
mv‡j MwVZ PviwU `‡ji G †RvUwUB Ôhy³dª›U' bv‡g hvq, evOvwjiv Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i fwel¨‡Zi Rb¨
cwiwPZ| †Rv‡Ui `j¸‡jv n‡jv-1 AvIqvgx gymwjg c…_K c_ †e‡Q wb‡q‡Q| Zviv Avi cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb
jxM, 2. †bRvg-B-Bmjvwg cvwU©, 3. K…lK-kªwgK †bZv‡`i wb‡®úlYg~jK kvm‡b _vK‡Z ivwR bq|
cvwU© I 4. evgcš’x MYZš¿x `j| 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi dj‡K cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb
M. DÏxc‡Ki wbe©vP‡bi mv‡_ cvwK¯Ív‡bi 1970 mv‡ji kvmK‡`i cªZ¨vL¨vb Kiv‡K †K›`ª K‡i †`kwU‡Z
wbe©vP‡bi mvgÄm¨ j¶ Kiv hvq| Pig Aw¯’wZkxj cwiw¯’wZi m…wó n‡qwQj| Gi mgvwß
DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, 'K' †`‡ki DËi As‡ki N‡U evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ga¨ w`‡q|
ivR‰bwZK `j H A‡ji RbM‡Yi cªwZwbwaZ¡ cvwK¯Ívwb AMYZvwš¿K kvmKP‡µi Abo Ae¯’vb I
K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K `w¶Y As‡ki ivR‰bwZK `jwUI ¶gZvwjáv Gfv‡eB †`kwUi wefw³ †W‡K Av‡b|
†Kej †m A‡ji RbM‡Yi cªwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| G 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b RvZxq I cªv‡`wkK Dfq
Kvi‡Y RvZxq cwil` wbe©vP‡b `j `ywU AÂjwfwËK cwil‡` e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡
msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| cvwK¯Ív‡bi 1970 mv‡ji AvIqvgx jxM wecyj weRq cvq| †m Abyhvqx
wbe©vP‡bi †¶‡ÎI GgbwU †`Lv hvq| cvwK¯Ívb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †bZ…‡Z¡B cvwK¯Ív‡bi †K›`ªxq
iv‡óªi c~e© cvwK¯Ívb (eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k) As‡ki miKvi MwVZ nIqv b¨vqm½Z wQj| wKš‘
RbM‡Yi g~j cªwZwbwa wQj AvIqvgx jxM| Avi cvwK¯Ív‡bi mvgwiK kvmK Bqvwnqv Lvb AvIqvgx
ZLb H iv‡óªi cwðg As‡k †ewk Rbwcªq `j wQj jx‡Mi nv‡Z ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍi bv K‡i eis bZyb
cvwK¯Ívb wccjm cvwU©| RvZxq cwil‡`i 3 gv‡P©i wba©vwiZ Awa‡ekb ¯’wMZ
†NvlYv K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡k Gi Zxeª cªwZwµqv nq|

HULKENSTEIN HSC
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 7 gvP© XvKvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b GK Rbmfvq mv‡j Zviv D`©y‡K cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivóªfvlv Kivi †NvlYv
e½eÜy Zvi HwZnvwmK fvl‡Y evOvwj‡`i ¯^vaxbZvi †`q| GB †NvlYvq c~e©-evsjvi QvÎ RbZv cªwZev`x
jovB‡qi Rb¨ cª¯ÍywZi AvnŸvb Rvbvb| Zvi wb‡`©k n‡q I‡V Ges Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbv K‡i| G
Abyhvqx †`‡k Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb ïiæ nq| Av‡›`vj‡b K‡qKRb QvÎ kwn` nb| 1952 mv‡ji
cwiw¯’wZ mvgvj w`‡Z Bqvwnqv Lvb XvKvq G‡m 21‡k †deªyqvwi msNwUZ GB Av‡›`vjbB n‡jv fvlv
e½eÜyi mv‡_ 16-24 gvP© cªnm‡bi Av‡jvPbvq Av‡›`vjb|
e‡mb| Av‡jvPbvi Avov‡j cvwK¯Ívwb †mbvevwnbx M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvi mv‡_ c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi Qq `dv
evOvwj‡`i weiæ‡× MYnZ¨vi cª¯ÍywZ wb‡Z _v‡K| 25 `vwei wgj Av‡Q|
gvP© ga¨iv‡Zi w`‡K XvKvmn wewfbœ¯’v‡b cvwK¯Ívwb 1947 mv‡j evOvwjiv weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK †kvlY
†mbviv ee©i nZ¨vhÁ ïiæ K‡i| G NUbvi †_‡K gy³ nq| GB gyw³ Zv‡`i‡K Avi GK
†cª¶vc‡UB 26 gvP© cª_g cªn‡i e½eÜy Iq¨vi‡j‡mi kvmK‡Mvôxi wbh©vZ‡bi Ke‡j cwZZ K‡i| GB
gva¨‡g cª_g evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv cªPvi wbh©vZb A_©vr cvwK¯Ívwb‡`i †kvl‡Yi weiæ‡× Qq
K‡ib| `dv wQj GKwU ewjô c`‡¶c| DÏxc‡K GB
ZvB ejv hvq, 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi dj‡K †K›`ª c`‡¶cwUiB Bw½Z cvIqv hvq|
K‡i cvwK¯Ívwb Kv‡qwg ¯^v_©ev`x kvmKiv G‡`‡k DÏxc‡K Bw½ZK…Z ivóªwU Avjv`v `ywU f~LÐ wb‡q
nZ¨vhÁ Pvjvq| Gi cwiYwZ‡Z ïiæ nq gyw³hy×| MwVZ nq| G ivóªwU m…wói ci †_‡KB Gi GKwU
9 gvm i³¶qx hy‡×i ci we‡k¦i gvbwP‡Î Rb¥ †bq AÂj kvmK‡`i ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi nq| GiB
evsjv‡`k bv‡gi ¯^vaxb ivóª| myZivs, Dc‡ii †cªw¶‡Z †kvwlZiv GKwU `vwe †ck K‡i| Qq `dv
Av‡jvPbvq ¯úó †h, 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi dj `vwei †¶‡ÎI Ggb †cª¶vcU j¶Yxq| 1947 mv‡j
Ges †m e¨vcv‡i cvwK¯Ív‡bi kvmK‡`i Pig c~e© cvwK¯Ívb I cwðg cvwK¯Ívb wb‡q cvwK¯Ívb
AMYZvwš¿K I †¯^”QvPvix cªwZwµqv †`kwUi RvZxq iv‡óªi Rb¥ nq| Gi ci †_‡KB cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb
msnwZi †¶‡Î wech©q †W‡K G‡bwQj| kvmK‡Mvôx c~e©v‡ji RbM‡Yi cªwZ bvbv AZ¨vPvi,
AwePvi, †kvlY-eÂbv I wbh©vZb ïiæ K‡i| PvKwi,
7. Avwei †h iv‡óªi evwm›`v †mwU 1947 mv‡j Avjv`v K…wl, wkímn A_©‰bwZK mKj †¶‡ÎB Zviv
`y'wU f~LÐ wb‡q MwVZ nq| ivóªwU m…wói ci †_‡K cvnvomg ˆelg¨ ˆZwi K‡i| c~e© evsjvi KvuPvgvj
cwðgv‡ji Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x gnj c~e©v‡ji cªwZ wb‡q cvwK¯Ívwb wkícwZiv DˇivËi e¨emvi Dbœqb
µgvMZ †kvlY, Ae‡njv I ˆelg¨g~jK bxwZi K‡i Avi c~e© evsjv AbybœZB †_‡K hvq| GQvov
Avkªq †bq| hvi d‡j c~e©v‡ji gvby‡li g‡b 1965 mv‡j cvK-fviZ hy× †`Lv w`‡j c~e© evsjv
µgvMZ Am‡šÍv‡li Rb¥ †bq| G †cª¶vc‡U Aiw¶Z n‡q c‡o| G Ae¯’vq wewfbœ ˆelg¨ †_‡K
c~e©v‡ji GK Rbwcªq †bZv GKwU `vwe †ck K‡ib gyw³i j‡¶¨ e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb Qq `dv
Ges †NvlYv K‡ib D³ `vweB n‡”Q c~e©v‡ji Kg©m~wP †ck K‡ib| wZwb G Kg©m~wP‡K c~e©
gvby‡li cªv‡Yi `vwe I gyw³i mb`| cvwK¯Ív‡bi evuPvi `vwe e‡j AwfwnZ K‡ib| myZivs
K. jv‡nvi cª¯Íve †K Dc¯’vcb K‡ib? †`Lv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki NUbv Qq `dv Av‡›`vj‡bi
L. fvlv Av‡›`vjb ej‡Z Kx †evS? mv‡_B mv`…k¨c~Y©|
M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvi mv‡_ c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi †Kvb N. DÏxc‡K Bw½ZK…Z NUbv A_©vr Qq `dv Kg©m~wP
ivR‰bwZK NUbvi wgj Av‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Øvi Db¥y³ K‡i|
N. DÏxc‡Ki NUbv evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi Øvi DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© Kg©m~wP A_©vr Qq `dv
Db¥y³ K‡i- we‡kølY Ki| Kg©m~wP wQj evOvwji gyw³i mb`| cvwK¯Ív‡bi
7 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi ˆ¯^ikvmK †Mvôxi †kvlY, wbh©vZb I AwePv‡ii
K. †k‡i evsjv G. †K. dRjyj nK jv‡nvi cª¯Íve weiæ‡× Qq `dv wQj GKwU ewjô c`‡¶c| G
Dc¯’vcb K‡ib| Av‡›`vjb wQj †kvl‡Ki nvZ †_‡K †kvwl‡Zi
L. fvlvi gh©v`v i¶v‡_© 1952 mv‡j c~e© evsjvi QvÎ A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi
RbZv †h Av‡›`vjb K‡i ZvB n‡jv fvlv Av‡›`vjb| Av`v‡qi nvwZqvi|
cvwK¯Ívb ivóª MwVZ nIqvi ciciB cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb 1966 mv‡ji Qq `dvi gva¨‡g evOvwjiv cª_g
kvmK‡Mvôx evsjv fvlvi Ici AvNvZ nv‡b| 1952 wjwLZfv‡e ¯^vqËkvm‡bi `vwe †ck K‡i| Gi

HULKENSTEIN HSC
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 gva¨‡g cªgvwYZ nq, evOvwj‡`i mvdj¨ jvf Kivi 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bi evOvwj RvwZi AwaKvi
†KŠkj ev mvg_¨© Av‡Q| evOvwji ¯^vqËkvm‡bi Av`v‡qi c_ cªk¯Í K‡iwQj| cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi m…wói
`vwe‡K bm¨vr Kivi Rb¨ miKvi bvbv Uvjevnvbv ci †_‡K cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx bvbv
K‡iwQj| wKš‘ Gme D‡c¶v K‡i RbgZ µ‡gB Qq ARynv‡Z evsjvi gvbyl‡K †kvlY K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i
`dvi cªwZ mnvbyf~wZcªeY n‡Z _v‡K| Qq `dv †kvl‡Yi cªwZev` Ki‡Z wM‡q A‡b‡K Rxeb wemR©b
`vwei d‡jB 1970 mvj ch©šÍ hv wQj ¯^vqËkvm‡bi w`‡q‡Qb| ZvB Zviv my‡hvM †c‡q 1970 mv‡ji
`vwe 1971 mv‡j Zv ¯^vaxbZvi `vwe‡Z cwiYZ nq| wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM‡K wecyj †fv‡U Rqx K‡i| G
GB `vwe‡Z D¾xweZ n‡qB evOvwjiv gyw³ wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g evOvwj cª_gev‡ii g‡Zv
Av‡›`vj‡b Svuwc‡q c‡o| djkªywZ‡Z Avgiv gyw³ ev AvZ¥cªwZôv I ¯^kvm‡bi my‡hvM jvf K‡i| mˇii
¯^vaxbZv AR©b Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ| wbe©vPb AviI cªgvY K‡i, AvIqvgx jxMB RbM‡Yi
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, Qq `dv‡Kw›`ªK Av‡›`vj‡bi c_ Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi g~Z© cªZxK|
a‡iB Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k| G c~e© evsjvi RbMY cªZ¨vkv K‡iwQj wbe©vP‡bi
Kvi‡YB Qq `dv‡K evOvwji gyw³i mb` ejv nq| gva¨‡g †kvlK‡Mvôx‡K civwRZ K‡i Zv‡`i wbR¯^
cªwZwbwai gva¨‡g AwaKvi Av`vq Ki‡e| G j¶¨‡K
8. ingvb mv‡ne 1970 mv‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi GKRb mvg‡b †i‡L 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b c~e© evsjvi
†bZv wQ‡jb| wZwb Zvi bvZx‡K 1970 mv‡ji Rbwcªq †bZv e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡
wbe©vP‡bi Mí ïbvw”Q‡jb| GK ch©v‡q wZwb e‡jb, AvIqvgx jxM‡K wbe©vwPZ K‡i| RbMY `…pfv‡e
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b e½eÜyi †bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgx Dcjwä K‡iwQj, GKgvÎ AvIqvgx jxMB Zv‡`i
jxM RvZxq I cªv‡`wkK cwil‡` GKK AwaKvi Av`vq Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e| wbe©vP‡b weR‡qi
msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| wKš‘ cvwK¯Ívwb miKvi gva¨‡g evOvwj RvwZ AwaKvi cªwZôvi ¯^cœ †`‡L‡Z
Avgv‡`i ¶gZv bv w`‡q Avgv‡`i Dci hy× Pvwc‡q ïiæ K‡i| ZvB ejv hvq, 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb wQj
†`q| cieZ©x‡Z Avgiv ¯^vaxbZv jvf Kwi| evOvwj RvwZi AwaKvi cªwZôvi wbe©vPb|
K. gyw³hy‡×i mgq 'evsjv‡`k KqwU †m±‡i wef³ N. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi wfwË wn‡m‡e 1970 mv‡ji
wQj? wbe©vP‡bi Zvrch© A‡bK|
L. 7B gv‡P©i fvlY m¤ú‡K© wK Rvb? cvwK¯Ív‡bi ivRbxwZ‡Z 1970 mv‡ji mvaviY
M. 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb wQj evOvwj RvwZi wbe©vP‡bi cªfve wQj AZ¨šÍ my`~icªmvix| wbe©vP‡b
AwaKvi cªwZôvi wbe©vPb-Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki| AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Af~Zc~e© weRq my`xN© cuwPk eQ‡ii
N. ¯^vaxbZvi wfwË wn‡m‡e 1970 mv‡ji cwðgv kvmK‡Mvôxi AZ¨vPvi, wbcxW়b I †kvl‡Yi
wbe©vP‡bi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| nvZ †_‡K evOvwj RvwZi ¯^vwaKvi I gyw³ jv‡fiB
8 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi ewntcªKvk cªK…Zc‡¶ mˇii wbe©vPbB evOvwj
K. gyw³hy‡×i mgq evsjv‡`k‡K 11wU †m±‡i wef³ RvwZi BwZnv‡m me©cª_g ¯^vaxb I wbi‡c¶
Kiv n‡qwQj| wbe©vPb| Gi gva¨‡gB evOvwjiv cª_gev‡ii g‡Zv
L. evOvwj RvwZi BwZnv‡m 1971 mv‡ji 7 gv‡P©i AvZ¥cªwZôv I ¯^kvm‡bi my‡hvM jvf K‡i|
e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi fvlY GK ¯§iYxq cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wecyj weR‡q
`wjj| AvZw¼Z n‡q ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii c‡_ evav-wecwËi
e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb 1971 mv‡ji 7 gvP© m…wó Ki‡Z me©kw³ wb‡qvM K‡i| d‡j
igbvi †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b †h R¡vjvgqx fvlY RvZxqZvev‡` DØy× evOvwj RvwZ cvwK¯Ívwb
w`‡qwQ‡jb Zv GKK_vq Abb¨| G fvl‡Yi gva¨‡g kvmK‡Mvôxi weiæ‡× iæ‡L `vuovq| Zviv me©kw³
wZwb cª”Qbœfv‡e evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv w`‡q i³¶qx msMªv‡gi gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg
K‡ib| Gi gva¨‡g wZwb cªwZ‡iva msMªvg, hy‡×i evsjv‡`k cªwZôv K‡i| 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b
†KŠkj I kÎy †gvKv‡ejvi Dcvq m¤ú‡K© w`K AvIqvgx jx‡Mi weRq cieZ©xKv‡j evOvwj‡`i
wb‡`©kbv †`b| ¯^vaxbZv msMªv‡g †cªiYv RywM‡q‡Q| G †cªiYv †_‡K
M. 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb wQj evOvwj RvwZi AwaKvi evOvwj 1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy‡× AskMªn‡Yi gva¨‡g
cªwZôvi wbe©vPb- Dw³wU h_v_©| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k cªwZôv K‡i|

HULKENSTEIN HSC
8
 Av‡jvPbv †k‡l ejv hvq, ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki wfwË wKš‘ cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡Z
wn‡m‡e 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb GKwU Zvrch©c~Y© Uvjevnvbv ïiæ K‡i| 1971 mv‡ji 1 gvP© Bqvwnqv
Aa¨vq| Lvb RvZxq cwil‡`i Awa‡ekb ¯’wMZ †NvlYv Kivq
evOvwj RbMY we‡¶v‡f †d‡U c‡o| 2 gvP© †_‡K
9. †fvjvi GKwU †cŠimfvi Dcwbe©vPb AbywôZ n‡j †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Wv‡K Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb
¯^Zš¿ cªv_©x AvjvDwÏb Avjx weRqx †NvwlZ nb| ïiæ nq| Ggwbfv‡e DÏxc‡Ki †cªw¶‡ZI ¶gZv
wKš‘ we‡kl gn‡ji cªfv‡e AvjvDwÏb Avjxi wbKU n¯ÍvšÍi wb‡q Uvjevnvbv Kivq Am‡šÍvl m…wó nq|
¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡i Uvj evnvbv ïiæ K‡i| djkªywZ‡Z DÏxc‡K Av‡jvwPZ †fvjvi GKwU †cŠimfvi
Zvi `j Ges ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi gv‡S weiƒc Dcwbe©vP‡b weRqx cªv_©x AvjvDwÏb Avjx‡K ¶gZv
cªwZwµqvi m…wó nq| n¯ÍvšÍi Kiv wb‡q Uvjevnvbv K‡i| Zv‡`i Giƒc
K. evsjv‡`k bvgK iv‡óªi Afy¨`q N‡U KZ Uvjevnvbvi Kvi‡Y Zvi `j Ges ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi
mv‡j? gv‡S †h weiƒc cªwZwµqvi m…wó nq Zv c~e© Av‡jvwPZ
L. cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi ¯^iƒc e¨vL¨v Ki| Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡biB Abyiƒc NUbv| 1970
M. DÏxc‡K AvjvDwÏb Avjxi `j I RbM‡Yi mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bvËi mg‡qi mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki NUbvi
gv‡S †h cªwZwµqv cwijw¶Z nq Zvi mv‡_ Gw`K w`‡qB mv`…k¨ cwijw¶Z nq|
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bvËi mg‡qi mv`…k¨ N. DÏxc‡K AvjvDwÏb Avjxi `‡ji mv‡_ ¶gZvmxb
e¨vL¨v Ki| `j †h ai‡bi AvPiY cª`k©b K‡i‡Q Zvi †cªw¶‡Z
N. DÏxc‡K AvjvDwÏb Avjxi wbKU cªkvmb cª‡kœi gšÍe¨wU‡K Avwg h_v_© g‡b Kwi|
KZ©…K ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍ‡ii Uvj evnvbv ¯^vaxbZv 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vPb wQj Awef³ cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi
c~e© cvwK¯Ívb kvmK‡Mvôxi loh‡š¿i Abiƒc' cª_g I †kl mvaviY wbe©vPb| G wbe©vPb †kL
e¨vL¨v Ki? gywReyi ingv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgx jxM
9 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi msL¨vMwiôZv AR©b K‡i| wKš‘ cvwK¯Ívwb
K. evsjv‡`k bvgK iv‡óªi Afy¨`q N‡U 1971 mv‡j| kvmK‡Mvôx wbe©vP‡bi djvdj‡K †g‡b bv wb‡q
L. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv c~e©eZ©x cvwK¯Ívb ivóª wQj ¶gZv n¯ÍvšÍi wb‡q Uvjevnvbv ïiæ K‡i| Gi
GKwU e¨_© iv‡óªi cªK…Z D`vniY| djkªywZ‡ZB Zviv Zv‡`i K¬vwšÍKv‡j DcbxZ nq|
1947 mv‡j wØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i wfwˇZ cªwZwôZ cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb‡`i Giƒc lW়h‡š¿i cªwZev‡`B 2
cvwK¯Ívb ivóªwU bvbv mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡qwQj| gvP© †_‡K e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Wv‡K
Gme mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y cvwK¯Ív‡bi cª_g msweavb Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb ïiæ nq| GiB c_ a‡i m~Pbv
iPbv Ki‡ZB `xN© bq eQi mgq †j‡MwQj| nq ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi|
MYZ‡š¿i Abycw¯’wZ, ¶gZvi †K›`ªxqKiY Ges evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi c~‡e© cwðg cvwK¯Ívwbiv †h
mvgwiK-‡emvgwiK Avgjv‡`i †`ŠivZ¥¨ wQj loh‡š¿i Avkªq wb‡qwQj Zv wfbœ †cªw¶‡Z Dc¯’vwcZ
cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi mvaviY ˆewkó¨| AmsL¨ n‡q‡Q DÏxc‡Ki NUbvq| GLv‡b †`Lv hvq,
mgm¨vRwoZ cvwK¯Ívb ivóª ZvB w¯’wZkxj wbe©vP‡b ¯^Zš¿ cªv_©x wn‡m‡e AvjvDwÏb Avjx weRqx
kvmbe¨e¯’v cªeZ©‡b †ek wngwkg †L‡q hvq| †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ we‡kl gn‡ji cªfv‡e cªkvmb
M. DÏxc‡Ki AvjvDwÏb Avjxi `j I RbM‡Yi gv‡S Zvi wbKU ¶gZv n¯Íš‡Í i Uvjevnvbv ïiæ K‡i| GwU
†h cªwZwµqv cwijw¶Z nq Zvi mv‡_ 1970 mv‡ji g~jZ evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvc~e© cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb‡`i
wbe©vP‡bvËi mg‡qi mv`…k¨ n‡jv ¶gZv †`Iqv wb‡q cwiPvwjZ loh‡š¿iB bvgvšÍi| Zviv †hfv‡e
Uvjevnvbv Kiv| evOvwji DÌvb‡K A¯^xKvi K‡iwQj| †Zgwbfv‡e
weRqx`j‡K ¶gZv bv w`‡q hw` Uvjevnvbv Kiv nq AvjvDwÏb Avjxi mv‡_I Ab¨vq AvPiY cª`k©b Kiv
Z‡e ¯^vfvweKfv‡eB Rbg‡b Am‡šÍv‡li m…wó nq| G n‡q‡Q|
welqwUB cªwZdwjZ nq DÏxc‡Ki †cª¶vc‡U Ges Av‡jvPbv †k‡l ejv hvq, cª‡kœv³ gšÍe¨wU h_v_©|
1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡bvËi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z| 1970
mv‡ji wbe©vPb evsjvi BwZnv‡m AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© 10. wg. 'K' wegvb evwnbx‡Z Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| ¯^‡`‡ki
NUbv| G wbe©vP‡b e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi cªwZ Zvi Lye Uvb wQj| mˇii wbe©vP‡bi ci
†bZ…‡Z¡ AvIqvgx jxM Af~Zc~e© mvdj¨ AR©b K‡i| cwðgv kvmK‡Mvôxi wegvZvmyjf AvPiY Zv‡K ¶yä

HULKENSTEIN HSC
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 K‡i| wbi¯¿ RbM‡Yi Ici wbwe©Pv‡i ¸wj, MYnZ¨v, Kivi gvb‡m Kg©iZ Ae¯’vq †_‡K wegvb wb‡q
al©Y BZ¨vw` msev‡` wZwb Aw¯’i n‡q D‡Vb| cjvqb K‡i| ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡b †h Z¨vM ¯^xKvi
¯^RvwZi gyw³i Rb¨ my‡KŠk‡j wZwb GKwU hy×wegvb K‡iwQj Zv BwZnv‡m weij|
wb‡q cjvqb K‡ib| wKš‘ cw_g‡a¨ wZwb kÎy N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ kwn` A_©vr exi‡kªô gwZDi
wegv‡bi ¸wj‡Z wbnZ nb| Gfv‡e A‡bK knx‡`i ingv‡bi AvZ¥Z¨vM‡K Avwg †hfv‡e g~j¨vqb Kie
AvZ¥Z¨v‡M †`Lv ¯^vaxb nq| Zv n‡jv- 1971 mv‡ji 25 gvP© cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbxi
K. fvlv Av‡›`vjb Kx? AZwK©Z nvgjv †mw`b evOvwj RvwZ‡K ¯Íw¤^Z K‡i
L. 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi KviY e¨vL¨v w`‡qwQj| e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi ¯^vaxbZvi
K‡iv| Wv‡K 26 gvP© †_‡K ïiæ nq gyw³hy×| gyw³hy‡×
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ NUbvi mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ mviv‡`k‡K 11wU †m±‡i fvM Kiv nq| MVb Kiv
eB‡qi †Kvb NUbvi Bw½Z i‡q‡Q? nq gyw³evwnbx, evsjv‡`k mk¯¿ evwnbx, gywRe
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ knx`‡`i AvZ¥Z¨vM‡K Zywg evwnbx I Ab¨vb¨ evwnbx|
Kxfv‡e g~j¨vqb Ki‡e? evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i wbqvgK kw³ wQj RbMY,
10 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi GB hy‡× gvbyl‡K DØy× Kivi †¶‡Î wkíx,
K. fvlvi Rb¨, gv‡qi gy‡Li fvlv‡K ivóªxq fvlvi mvwnwZ¨K, wk¶K I eyw×Rxex‡`i Ae`vb wQj
gh©v`v †`Iqvi Rb¨ †h Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbv Kiv nq cªksmbxq| wkíxMY MYmsMxZ I †`kvZ¥‡evaK
ZvB fvlv Av‡›`vjb| msMxZ cwi‡ekb K‡i †`‡ki RbmvaviY‡K
L. 1969 mv‡ji MYAfy¨Ìv‡bi KviY¸‡jv n‡jv- gyw³hy‡× DØy× K‡i‡Qb| ïay ZvB bq miKvwi,
1. 1958 mv‡ji A‡±ve‡ii †NvwlZ mvgwiK †emiKvwi PvKwiRxex, †jLKMY, ¯^vaxb evsjv
kvm‡b c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b †hfv‡e †eZv‡ii wkíxMY evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi gyw³hy‡×i
MYZvwš¿K a¨vb-aviYv I Avkv-AvKvO&¶v MwZ, cªK…wZ, gvby‡li KiYxq BZ¨vw` wel‡q
ch©y`¯Í nq Zvi cªwZev`¯^iƒc cieZ©x‡Z D¾xweZ K‡iwQ‡jb| gyw³hy‡× wewfbœfv‡e mvnvh¨-
1969-Gi MYAfy¨Ìvb m~wPZ nq| mn‡hvwMZv Kivi Rb¨ cªevmx evOvwjiv A_© msMªn
2. mvgwiK I †emvgwiK AvgjvZ‡š¿i AZ¨waK K‡ib| GQvovI Zviv gyw³hy‡×i c‡¶ wek¦ RbgZ
¶gZv e…w× I Zv‡`i MYwe‡ivax f~wgKvi MV‡bi KvR K‡ib| 1971 mv‡ji 21 b‡f¤^i
cªwZev` wn‡m‡e MYAfy¨Ìvb m~wPZ nq| evsjv‡`‡k fviZ †hŠ_ KgvÛ MVb Kiv nq| Zvici
4. c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi msL¨vMwiô Rb‡Mvôxi evsjv‡`k evwnbxi †WcywU wPd Ad ÷vd Gqvi
mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK `vwe- K‡gv‡Wvi G †K L›`Kvi 16 wW‡m¤^i cvKw¯Ívwb
`vIqvi cªwZ ¶gZvmxb miKv‡ii AeÁv nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvZ¥mgc©Y Abyôv‡b evsjv‡`‡ki
cª`k©‡bi cªwZev`¯^iƒc G MYAfy¨Ìvb N‡U| cªwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib| `xN© 9 gvm i³¶qx hy‡×i ci
M. DÏxc‡K wg. 'K' wegvb evwnbx‡Z Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| evsjv‡`k bvgK ¯^vaxb f~L‡Ði Rb¥ nq| Av‡jvPbvi
¯^‡`‡ki cªwZ AK…wÎg Uvb wQj Zvi| cwðgv †k‡l ejv hvq, DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ exi kwn`‡`i
kvmK‡Mvôxi wegvZvmyjf AvPi‡Y wZwb Aw¯’i n‡q AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi wewbg‡qB Avgv‡`i gvZ…f~wgi ¯^vaxbZv
D‡Vb| ¯^RvwZi gyw³i Rb¨ my‡KŠk‡j wZwb GKwU AwR©Z nq|
hy×wegvb wb‡q cvwj‡q Av‡mb| wKš‘ cw_g‡a¨ kÎyi
¸wj‡Z wbnZ nb| wZwb n‡jb exi‡kªô gwZDi
ingvb| whwb cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K hy× wegvb wb‡q
cvwj‡q Av‡mb| wKš‘ cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK‡Mvôx
wegvbUv‡K aŸsm K‡i †`q|
DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU Avgvi cwVZ 1971 mv‡ji
gyw³hy‡×i NUbv‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Q| KviY gyw³hy×
PjvKvjxb mg‡q evsjvi Avcvgi RbMY
¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e gyw³hy‡× AskMªnY K‡ib| †Zgwb
RvwZi †kªô mšÍvb n‡jb exi‡kªô gwZDi ingvb|
Rxe‡bi Pig SyuwK wb‡qI †`kgvZ…Kv‡K kÎygy³

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