DATE

PAGE NO.
Assignment3

t Derine Follewing.

1. maginal Con d
í jone) Pa obbility

menginal Paobability

mcagincql paobchility efesss to

to the prohcbiliy
Sinqleevent i2AespeCHive of the of
events.

PCA)= 15um-BP CA,6)

Y2
Eind Probab ilfy
x=2 o.3

pCxel)= PCX) )+Px :y-2)

0.| +G. 2

03

(ondiionu) Paobbili y

thet depends
event

It defincd s the paobbi ofdny event

OCCyA2jng when Clnothes event hhus cilla dy

Fosmylu
Pcs
 SDATE:
PAGE NO.

Case of olljng.
Ler's cons) des. he
he Fi2s
3 dice
event

fibebility of qeting.
Clacdy 3 PCBA).

C3, ),C 3,2),

C
3,3), (3, L), (3, S), 316)

hoseCLSec CUse hes

36

2. Chhesctesisti Có. following Distsibtion

Bi0omig) Disi bu+fon

A
dials hes only dwo po55) ble Outcoes Success
tuil""win" o4lo se"

Theso iS aEisced idendicel teials

The taj4ls of Pocpeaimen Qse in de pendent opC
othes
ech
he paobubilíy of syccesspae maing Cansknd Fom
to ta)

P
slpB esents he pobahiiy o
SucceSs, then
iS paobabilit of Failee
pois5on Distsibut(on
a
Its discaele Distaibutio
Occuences Lesislicahy indepndent

S12e oF
heem

Is clays igh ske we d

Po is g good qppaocCmey Hon to 30 when n2o &poas

Noamul
ND Csve is bel) -Shaped.
men medin More he
cente8 he distsibution.
uni n ode)
m
).
is Csingle ode
The c MZVe s
Symmetsical bo 4t mean
ComtinNous& it neves touches the X- 4cis n
giuph.
Fos the ContiMous DistAi bytion.

3
Rendom v2iab)e Types

a a
We define Andom Vsiable funCtio n
thet
meps Yhe selmmple spa ce af expesi ent to
nvm bes.

Regmdom eiub le Concept in

Stey
istic thut bzidges the gp b
lw theos eticl
daltey.
 of Rendom vagiable
Types
Discaete R
R.v has
wo types
ContjnyousRV

1 0isCAe He Rundom vggiabe

a Di sc4ete Rv Qhen
is con 5i desed
ARV vulues wihi
iE tekes speciec
specific os distinct
intesvu)

hen

[Link] Rundom viable

A

Rvs conside &ed Ry chen

Continyous HUnge of Veqlues

Secoc) d
c =1
 DATE:
PAGE NO
1. From acomputer tally
on
manufacturing firm based employer records, the personnel manager
finds that 15 percent of a large
and 25 percent of the of the firm's employees are supervisors
that 5 percent are both firm'semployees are college graduates. He also discovers
supervisors and college
selected at random from graduates. Suppose an
employee is
the firm's personnel records,
(a) selecting a person what is the probability of:
who is both a college graduate
(b) selecting a person who is and a supervisor?
neither a supervisor nor a college
Ans: 0.05, 0.65 graduate?

AACC gaudcates

sYpeviso

ecao)os
b) neithe a
spesviso

Fog pCAU B))l-fCAUO)

O3S
 Y. The
probability of his being
and probability of at least
X

a job in two
firms
0.5. The
2.
An MBA applies for
and being rejected at Y is
probability that he will be
selected in firm X is being rejected is 0.6. What is the
0.7
one of his applications
firms?
selected by one of the
Ans: 0.8

sele cted by
Selecte d by FimY

- PCAo8)
iPCAnß)= +
leus One)
5eveCtior

Peobabi i
y
of se lecion by one Of h
FimS

a your probability of
3. Suppose your chance of being offered certain job is 0.45,
getting another job is 0.55, and your probability of being offered both
jobs is 0.30.
one of the two jobs?
What is the probability that you will be offered at least
Ans: 0.70
 2PAGE NO

a 12 in the experiment
4
Find the probability of the event of getting total of less than
of throwing die twice.
a

PLobabcib íli ty of ge4ing

36

35
36
5 An Economist believes that during periods of high economic growth, the Indian
Rupee appreciates with probability 0.70; in periods of moderate economic growth,
it appreciates with probability 0.40; and during periods of low economic
growth,
any period of time the
the Rupee appreciates with probability [Link]
economic
probability of high economic growth is 0.30; the probability of moderate
the
growth is 0.50 and the probability of low economic growth is 0.20. Suppose
Rupee value has ben appreciating during the present
period. What is the probability that we are experiencing the period of (a) high, (b)
moderate, and (c) low, economic growth?

H-high elonomic
m- modeu e
economic
L - Low eConomic

A
Rueee Appae ciahan

PCAlm) [Link]
o
PCAIL) =0.2 PCL)e O.20
 Baye's The ote m

(a) PCH)A)

o.20)(o.36)

0.2)

(o. ho)co.5o)

2
PCA)E;) pCEi)

(o. 20)or20)
 3DATE:
PAGE NO.

Among the sales staff engaged

6. by a company, 60% are males.
professional qualifications, 70% In terms of their
of males and 50% of females have a degree
marketing. Find the probability that a
a sales person selected at random will in
(a) female with degree in
marketing be
a
(b) male without degree in marketing

6
fCeemele) 0-6 o.
Deqseein wihout Degsce
in matkehy

PCA ln)l0.40 030

degaoe h

(o.4) (o.s)
o2
b) mele deg3ee n
muaketing
=
CmnA )

(o. 30)([Link])
7. A factory has three units A, B, and C. Unit A produces 50% of its products, and
units B and C each produces 25% of the products. The percentage of defective
,
an item
items produced by A, B, and C units are 3% 2% and 1%, respectively. If
is selected at random from the total production of the factory is found defective.
what is the probability that it is produced by:
(a) Unit A (b) Unit B (c) Unit C

A-Po duces S0 to PCAD [Link]

B-Peoduces 259o PsodycS pCBo- 25
C-
Piodyces 25e

D- De fechve

O.o3

PCOlc)

Co. o
(o. o3) €OSo) Co.
o)(o.25)1 ) (o2s

(o.o3) (o. as)

D.
o22S
=0.666 o.67

(o. o2)Co. 25
o.022S
Lo 22

CC) Ontc: PC15) P(O1c) pcc) (G.01)(o. 2s)

sPCOIEi) PCE:)
o.)
 VISION

3DATE:
PAGE O

Binomial Distsi bution

produced by a tablet machine are defective. What is the probability
01 12% of thetablets
a
that out of random sample of 20 tablets produced by machine, 5 áre defective?
Ans: 0.0567

20 tebletS
dececive
de Cective

S)C20-s))

3
20X\9XEX13X 16 X
1S
1x0.00o0 249X 0. )43
8xK x3 2x)x1s X

LSSoh X O,
0002 44 xo. lh

Q2. The probability that Australia wins a cricket test match against India is given to be
1/3. If India & Australia play three test matches, what is the probability that
(a) Aüstralia will loose all the three matches (b) Australia will win atleast
one match.
Ans: (a) 0.2963 (b) 0.7037

o.24 63)
3! 24
 oDATE
PAGE NO

a
Q3. The probability that an infection is cured by particular antibiotic drug within five
days is 0.75. Suppose four patients are treated by this antibiotic drug, what is the
probability that:
are
(a) No patient is cured (b) Exactly two patients are cured (c) At least two patients
cured
Ans: (a) 0.0039 (b) O0.2109 (c) 0.9492

lo. oo 3 4

c, Co. 25) (o. 25)

2 22

Kx3x 2!
2XIX2)

CP Cx22)= pCx= 2)+ pCx 23) +PCx =L)

1(0.3)64) C)
 6DATE:
PAGE NO.

Q4. Fit a
binomial distribution to the following
data and compare with
1
actual frequencies,
X
2 3 4
f 14 20 34 22 8
|o2

EO th t h0 t o 2 +
SSt ho
loo
2st

ECx)
6

PXo)=Co Co. 4a)Co.s3)Fi) : 2. 22

Px): (o.b) (o.53) clo0),

Px=2): c, (o.u3)' Co.s3)Coo) 26.15

bcL ([Link])o53c loo) 20.56

 olDATE:
oPACE NO.

1
2 3
20-56 7.3
2.22 17426. 1S30.9)

ce se ly ppaoclne les he aCyel Fcquencies

BD
Pai culazy

Piom the cchl F2e9 yencies

workers
an occupational disease in an industry is such that the
Q5. The incidence of
is the probability that out of six workers,
have 20% chance of suffering from it. What
four or more will come in contact of the disease?
Ans: 0.0170

ContCt of
P = 2o O.2 126= disease.
(00

PCa)
PCXb)
P
Cx 4) +PCx=s+p (x6)

-o-o032
x X O-Y
6
XSxht oOol6
X
0-64 t6Xs Got
+ Ixco.2)9

s0.o 1S36 -o.0 o1526+ o-00g0 64

 VISION

PAGE No

06. A person applies for a personal loan of Rs. 1,50,000 from a nationalized bank to
repair his house. The loan offer informed him that over the years, bank has received
ahout 2920 loan applications per year and that the
probability of approval was 0.85.
(a) The person wants to know the average and standard deviation of the
number of loans approved per year.
) Suppose bank actually received 2654 loan applications per year
probability of 0.82. What are the mean and standard deviation with an approval
now?
Ans: (a) Mean=2482, o-Standard Deviation=19.295
(b) u-Mean=2176.28, o-Standard Deviation=19.792

SD npq2420 xo-ss [Link]

U32-3
SD (9.295

e 2
65h xO.2

265x os2 xo. l

-391-130h
19-92J
 GlDATE:
DPAGE NO.

Q7. Out of 320 families with five children cach, what percentage would be expected
to have (a) Two boys & three girls (b) At least one boy. Assume equal
probability for boys & girls.

Ans: (a) 5/16-31.25% (b) 31/32-97%.

Ahee qits.

PCX2)> Co-s)Co.s) 3

2) 3)
SXLX31 O.6312s
2x1X31
O. 312S

31. 25 Jo
Camiies cwould heve 2
boys &
3g4ts

(b) At le4 st On boy

PCxo)
ISCo Co-s)C o.s)
 6ONTE
PAGE NO.

oA fair coin is tossed six times. Find the probability of getting

ia) Exactly two heads (b) At least four heads (c) No heads (d) Atleast
one head Ans: (a) 15/64 (b) 11/32 (c) 1/64 (d) 63/64

) PCX
=
2) -

2x1X)

+
L5t6
22
6h 32

C) PCx =o)

64

63
64
 VISION

DATE 1
PAGE NO.

Poisson Dist2byion
on the average 1 in every 1000
Q9. In a glass manufacturing process, it is known that a
of the items produced has one or more bubbles. What is the probability that
random sample of 5000 willyield less than two times possessing bubbles?
Ans: 0.0404

(9)

x
Soo0 )

pk<2)=

K!

(271s)
 VISION

6DATE:
PAGE NO

frequency of accidents per shift in a factory is as shown

Q10. The in the table:
Accidents 1
2 3 4
Frequency 190 82 22 5

Construct a Poisson distribution table by calculating

Expected Frequencies &
comparing them with actual frequencies.
Hint Eind the Mean from the above data & and equate to mnean
of Poisson
distribution Mean- for applying formula of Poisson distribution
for x-0
to 4

300

300

(o. 4s3)e
O. 6
|4

PCk= ) o.he3)' e -083 U. 4s3X 0-61? -O. 2 T&

-0.483
20)7Xo.617
O2XA

-0.ti83
2
3 X|

0.00 223X
 DATE
PAGE NO.

Cxpecked Fsequencies

2 3
2
l.G6

X22 expecied Feqency is closly to he

hl
chel Eaeguency

expected aeqyency diffeslnt f2on

the ctval Fleguency

Q11. Fora Poisson distribution, if P(X-1FP(X=2) find P(X>1).

Ans: 0.8647

2!

2
22

e -7 -2
=|-2 1l- e

e
C2-2
L-O.l353
 6DATE
PAGE NO

Q12. manufacurer whO produces medicine bottles, find that 0.1% of

A

defectjve. The bottles are packed in boxes containing the bottles are
manufacturer buys 100 boxes from the producer of
500 bottles. A
drug
bottles. Using Poisson
distribution, find how many boxes will contain (a) No defectives (b)
At least two
defectjves

qiven: bottles defectives

Fo
Oe

deCecives.

flxo) Co.s)
(2.316)

=o.6o6S
no défective=
=60. 65
boxes
(b) A
leust tw G

deetives

-0.s

+
[Link] 6s o.3o32J
c1- 0-0

two defec+ie 100 X O.oqO3

q.0 3
 3CATE
DPAGE NO.

a
QI3. Find the probability that at mnost 5 defective bolts will be found in box of 200
bolts if it is known that 2% of such bolts are expected to be defective.
Ans: 0.7844

A
np 200 Xo.24

Po babibity of mostS deLectie

2 3 -4
2. 3)
S

2 24 120

Ca41s)1

e
4256 to2h
2 4e5 12o e4
 6 DATE

2PAGE NO
An
insurance company has discovered
certain type of accident every year. itsthat only 0.1% of the population is involved
the population, what is probability If 1000 policy holders are selected at
m

that not more than 5 of its clients random

are involved
such accident next year? in
Ans: 0.9994

Paobbjbilk4 thut moe Hhen S

Clicn ts iYve lve d

+
PCxes)
e

2) 3)

Ze 6e Zhe

6.003)
 an office is
Q15. The number of telephone calls arrivíng on an internal switch board of
are (a) At least one (b)
90 per hour. Find the probability that the number of accidents
At most one
Ans: (a) 0.8347 (b) 0.4628
No
Su2

60

(a) A Leust One

P(x>)-PCxco

1.5

-0.2 232
lo.26
At moSt One

0-2 2
32 t o2232

o. 4464
 DATE:
PAGE NO

A
newautomated production
proCess
day Because of the cost associated hasa had an average of 1.5 breakdowns per
t the possibility of having with breakdown, management
three or more breakdowns during a is concerned
that the breakdowns occur randomly, day. Assume
eame for any two time that the probability of a breakdown is the
are independent
intervals of equal length and that breakdowns one
in period
of breakdowns in other periods. What is the probability
three or more breakdowns during a day? of having

Ans: 0.1912

having o mose
thaee becukdowns
=
PCX>3) l- PCxeo) pCxe)+plx- 2)]

2-25
S
2e

+ o.
|-o 22 31 t O.332h4 2s 10J

o, l912
 VISION

|DATE
PAGE NO.

o
mel Oistibtfon
Q17. A customer accounts of certain department store have an average balance of Rs. 120
are
&astandard deviation of Rs. 40. Assuming that the account balances normally
distributed, what percentage of account
(a) is over Rs. 150? (b) is between Rs. 100 & Rs. 150? (c) is between Rs. 60
& Rs. 90? Hint: Multiply probability answer by 100 to get percentage
Ans:(a) 22.66% (6) 16.49% (c) 15,98%

l 20

fsopeltjes oE ND.

fos indie Chove need to

ind I-SCOle

-
2-5Coe ls0 20a

o.75 =03

0. 2266
22.66 1

C.P
O-75 o34
(b) Fex 60, 6o-l 20

-30

Rasbabiliby blw O.2266