Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
Module 4
ICT in Various Content Areas
Lesson 1
Digital Literacy Skills in the 21st Century
Introduction
The 21st Century has redefined digital literacy. It has broadened its
perspective to include other aspects of the 21 st context. These literacies
include (1) Cyber Literacy or Digital Literacy, (2) Media Literacy, (3) Arts and
Creativity Literacy, (4) Financial Literacy, (5) Multicultural Literacy or Global
Understanding.
This lesson will focus on digital skills and digital literacy as a response
to the 21st Century developments.
Millennial students are generally tech-savvy, digital natives. They
practically know how to go about a tablet, an ipad, smartphones or laptops
better than anyone else. This suggests their digital skills.
However, are all students’ digital literate?
Thinking on how to use digital tools, accessing information, and
exhibiting ways of working in a globally competitive context, together with
skills in living in the 21st Century refer to the digital literacies.
Lesson Outcomes
After completion of this lesson, you shall have:
1. Identified and described the elements of digital literacies
2. Conducted self-evaluation on level of digital literacy skill
Discussion
Do you feel confident when you search for information on the internet?
Do you easily locate relevant resources? Do you think you can optimize the
use of online tools such as Facebook or google when studying or doing
schoolwork? How do you manage your digital identity?
The skills you need to be able to perform well in the situations are
known as “digital literacy.” In the 21 st century, you need to be equipped with
these skills to be abreast of the demands in the workplace.
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
Task 1
Take the Digital Literacy Skills Self-Inventory
and find out how confident you are when working online by putting a tick ma
upload your answer/s on the M4 L1 Task 1
Folder.
Digital Literacy Skills – Finding, Not Very
Somewhat
Using, Creating Information and Confiden Confiden
Confident
Understanding Digital Practices t t
1. Selecting the right tool when you
need to locate, use or present
information.
2. Presenting you digital identity
online.
3. Identifying and communicating
with an expert online.
4. Using online tools and sites to
search or share information
online.
5. Recognizing owner of ideas and
information found online through
citations.
6. Distinguishing the search
engines to gen information.
7. Knowing the information that
can be searched in the web.
8. Using the right key words to
search for related online
materials.
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
9. Using social networking sites as
a source of information.
10. Scanning or skimming a page
of site or a blog among others to
get the relevant information
quickly.
11. Signing up to pertinent sites
have experts and authorities in
the discipline to be updated with
information they can provide.
12. Using materials in a variety of
online media (i.e. videos,
podcasts, sites, among others)
13. Assessing the credibility of an
online resource
14. Citing the correct reference
to others person’s work found
online.
15. Using bookmarking to
organize and legally share files.
16. Posting comments to online
forums, blogs, vlogs or web
pages while observing
netiquette.
17. Writing and posting online
views or ideas suited to the
target readership or audiences.
18. Collaborating with others
online by creating and sharing
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
documents or presentations.
19. Using multimedia to capture
information or message (i.e.
recording and editing a digital
story, video or podcast).
20. Communicating with others
through online modality (e.g.
skype, forums, blogs, social
networking sites, etc).
What are digital literacies?
Digital literacies are the individual’s capabilities to be able to
effectively and responsibly function and perform in a digital society. The
term ‘digital literacy’ was coined by Paul Gilster in 1997 and it came from the
discussion of the concepts on (a) visual literacy when images and non-verbal
symbols try to capture the knowledge; (b) technological literacy requiring
one to be able to use technology in addressing a need; (c) computer literacy,
which in the 1980s started to become a household item manipulated to
achieve one’s target; and (d) information literacy which refers to the finding,
evaluating, using and sharing of information.
In the teaching and learning context, digital literacy is an important
competence. In school, it has become a buzzword which refers to the ability
to access, process, understand, utilize, create media content using
information technologies and the internet (Hsieh, 2012). Study the varied
digital literacies discussed below.
Digital Literacies
Media Literacy – is one’s ability to critically read information or
content and utilize multimedia in creatively producing communications.
Information Literacy – is locating information from the web and
interpreting while evaluating its validity in order that it can be shared.
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
ICT Literacy – is knowing how to select and use digital devices,
applications or services to accomplish tasks requiring the use of the internet.
Communications and Collaboration – are one’s capabilities in being
able to participate in the digital networks in the teaching and learning
context.
Identity Management – is being able to understand how to ensure
safety and security in managing online identity and foster a positive digital
reputation.
Learning Skills – are ways of knowing how to study and learn in a
technology-enriched environment; this is knowing how to utilize technology
in addressing the need to learn efficiently.
Digital Scholarship – is being able to link and participate in
professional and research practices.
One important component of digital literacy is having an in-depth
understanding of concepts requiring essential core skills. These core skills
are known as the Cs of the 21st Century Skills.
The Four Cs of the 21st Century Skills
The four Cs of the 21st Century Skills
refer to critical thinking, creativity,
communication, and collaboration. To
perform well in this century, you need to
develop and enhance these skills namely
creativity, critical thinking, communication
and collaboration. All these 21st-century skills
are essential for students to do well in school
and succeed in the workplace.
1. Critical thinking is learning how
to solve problems. It teaches students not to accept immediately
claims without seeking the truth. It is the ability to differentiate facts
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
from opinions and not only just learn a set of factors or figures but also
discover these for the sake of knowing what ought to be.
2. Creativity requires students to think out of the box and to take pride
in what is uniquely theirs. It means that they will be able to look at a
problem from multiple perspectives-including can propose multiple
possibilities and alternatives to address a problem and they need to
take calculated risks. Creativity encourages students to think beyond
the expectations of conventions. However, creativity may not ensure
success all the time, but it may lead to another direction that can be a
better way of figuring out how to solve the problem those that others
may not see.
3. Communication makes students express their ideas in the clearest
and most organized manner. Through varied modes – face-to-face,
technologically mediated or blended medium, they need to know how
to efficiently and clearly convey ideas.
4. Collaboration happens when students know how to work well with
others to accomplish a given task or solve a problem at hand. This is a
21st essential. When students are made to work with others in a pair or
in a team, they are given the chance to practice how to relate with
others. They may be working with classmates they do not really prefer
to work with but with guidance, you can teach them to tap on the
capabilities of each member of the team and collaboratively achieve
the goal. Eventually when they leave school, they will see the need to
know how to collaborate with others for them to accomplish a job, and
you have prepared them for it. In other words, collaboration teaches
students that groups can create something bigger and better than you
can on your own.
In addition to the 4C’s, there are Citizenship and Character.
Citizenship is known as netizenship in the virtual world. This is making the
person consider how one behaves accordingly by observing the norms and
rules that are in accordance with what are sociably and virtually acceptable.
As a result, one is projecting a reputable digital identity which is his or her
character.
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
Digital Literacy Skills vs. Digital literacy
Digital Literacy Skills are required in the wired world. These skills vary
from texts to images to multimedia. Future teachers who will be handling
students considered tech savvy should equip themselves with competencies
and fluency needed to handle the fast-emerging tools and applications that
should be able to handle even artificial intelligences.
Lynch (2017) identified eight digital literacy skills needed to become
digitally literate. These are:
1. Coding. – Coding is a universal language. Basic understanding of
HTML, CSS and the like will create a shared understanding of what
can be done with the web pages.
2. Collaboration. – The use of Google Docs among others allows
student to begin experimenting with effective online collaboration.
3. Cloud software. – This is essential part of document management.
The cloud is used to store everything from photos to research
projects, to term papers and even music.
4. Word Processing Software. – Google, Microsoft Online Drop Box
are available for storage and management solutions.
5. Screen casting. – A screencast is a video recording using the
computer screen, and usually includes aa audio. On the other hand,
when you take a picture on the screen of your computer, it is called
a Print screen. Both can be used in explaining topics as well as
providing visual support to clarify what you are thinking. While the
print screen is a picture, the screen casting is a video screen
capture which is a great way to share ideas and is easy to use for
novice video creator.
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
6. Personal Archiving. – Students should be taught the concepts of
metadata, tagging, keywords and categories to make them aware
how are they represented online.
7. Information evaluation. – Critical thinking to weed out fake news
is a crucial 21st century skill. The use of tools and skills needed to
process information are very much needed.
8. Use of social media. – Social media serves different purposes
depending on the user, the technology and the need. For example,
students should realize that Twitter can be useful for staying current
on the latest news in the field.
Digital literacy has been defined in many ways that is understandable
by both digital natives and digital immigrants. Teachers and students should
not only be proficient in how to use (digital skills) but they need to see the
information and media technology to find, evaluate, create and communicate
information requiring both cognitive and technical skills.
Here are examples of how Digital Skills or Proficiency support Digital
Literacy.
Digital Skills Digital Literacy
1. Sending an email or text 1. Evaluate the appropriate digital
channel for online communication
with peers, teachers and parents.
2. Using Microsoft Office/Google 1. Identify the benefits and
drawbacks of each digital tool.
2. Evaluate critically which tool is
most effective for the project at
hand.
3. Tweeting, posting to Facebook, 1. Navigate social media safely to
uploading a Video to YouTube, or protect oneself.
posting a photo to Instagram
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook
Republic of the Philippines
NORTHERN ILOILO STATE
` UNIVERSITY
College of Education
Teacher Education Department
2. Identify hate propaganda and fake
news.
4. Researching from the worldwide 1. Evaluate the information online.
web a. Is the site legitimate?
b. Is the author an expert?
c. Is the information current or
dated?
d. Is the idea neutral or biased?
Task 2
On the Web…
Navigating Sites: Putting to Test Information Literacy Skill
Apply your digital literacy skills on information literacy by searching for
the identified sample sites. Navigate around each site and share what
information can be found in each. Share how you will make use of the
information or content that you can retrieve from those sites.
1. Professor Garfield with URL
[Link]
2. Common Sense Media with URL
[Link]
program
3. Lesson Plan Booster: Digital Literacy and Online Ethics with URL
[Link]
[Link]
Create a narrative report of your observation and reflection and
upload your answer/s on the M4 L1 Task 1 Folder.
NISU Ajuy Campus, San Antonio, Ajuy, Iloilo
Tel. No.: (033) 327-9080 (Local: 108) Website Address:
[Link]
E-mail Address: nisuajuy-iqa@[Link] Official Facebook