Architectural Design 8: Supplementary Research

Regina Carla Q. Macalong

Department of Engineering and Architecture

University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines

ARCH 418: Architectural Design 8

Design of Complex Structures

Ar. Ernest Martin Soriano

April 11, 2024

INTRODUCTION
Rationale:

The city of Cagayan de Oro continues to develop and grow. Thus, it is very
crucial for the local governance to also focus on infrastructural development to
enhance the quality of its residents. Some of these developments are linked to the
sectors of education and culture. A modern intelligent library and an adaptable
museum are some of the key developments that could positively impact the
growing city. Yet, it is sought that the development will also embody a sense of
environmental resiliency specially that the combined development will mingle with
temperature and lighting control.

Background:

It is already known that the city of Cagayan de Oro is the commercial hub of
Northern Mindanao. Serving different provinces as a gateway for transportation and
a driving force for commerce, truly Cagayan de Oro is an economically flourishing
city. thus, it is very important for the city to not only focus on one sector but also
give way to the development of its other sectors such as education and as well as
culture and heritage. If executed properly, this would positively bring holistic
growth.

Yet, as it was observed, the facilities covered by this sector faces

infrastructural and expansion problems. For example, the situation at the city library
is not conducive and has a scarcity of new and modern materials. It also faces
problems with regards to the restriction and limitations of space. This, in return,
hinders the learning process of the people using the space. Thus, resulting for the
users to not comeback and not visit the space that is actually intended for
knowledge empowerment and learning. These situations also apply to the city
museum that is currently located at the old water tower. The museum only caters a
few artifacts and could not cater those newly discovered ones. This implies that any
new artifacts and discovers will only put into neglect, in this case, restoration and
the preservation of our own heritage and culture is being hindered. With all the
reasonings stated, it is very essential for the city of Cagayan to incorporate the
improvement of the city library and museum. This step will positively impact not
only the people but as well as the local government.
 With this, the proposed library should cater people of different ages and
needs. It should also uphold a sense of modernization that will not only reflect on
the design but would also reflect to the digitalization and technology that will be
utilized in the library. Thus, the new city library will become an “intelligent library”.
Same with the new museum, it is sought to become a center for cultural and
heritage preservation. It will cater not only the existing artifacts but is envisioned to
house prehistoric findings around Mindanao and will also cater relics from Spanish,
Japanese, and American periods. Thus, the proposed development will ignite the fire
of learning and will illuminate the path for knowledge.

Type and Classification:

The proposed development, new city library and museum, is under Group C
Education and Recreation, Division C – 1. These occupancies shall be buildings used
for school or day-care purposes, involving assemblage for instruction, education, or
recreation, and not classified in Group I or in Division 1 and 2 or Group H
Occupancies. Thus, laws and regulations that will be applied is in accordance with
this occupancy type.

Location:

8°27'32.7"N 124°37'24.3"E

Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental

The proposed project will be located at Cagayan

de Oro City, Misamis Oriental. The lot is bounded
by a CDO-Airport-Bukidnon Road otherwise known
as Masterson Avenue at east and another road
along south called Pedro N. Roa Sr. Avenue. It
neighbors Primavera City, SM Uptown North Wing,
and SM City Uptown on its southern portion. Along
with other commercial establishments on the
northeast side is the Department of Interior and
Local Government. Facing west and northwest
portion are residential subdivisions.
Context:

The expansion and development of the city of Cagayan de Oro depicts that it
is in need of up-to-date infrastructures that could cater the needs of its people.
Thus, the main goal of the new city library and museum is to solve the problems of
bleak facilities such as cramped library and small-scale museum. This will not only
improve the people’s quality of living but will also promote sustainable growth and
preservation of its cultural heritage.

To foster and bring these goals into life, the proposed development is sought
to uphold modernization and technology in planning and designing. Adaptability is
also one of the key features of the development as it deals with the usage and
utility of the spaces. The aim of the project is to serve not only the time period of
the present but still cater the needs and changes of the future setting. Thus, the
utilization of open and modular planning both satisfies the need for modernization
and flexibility.

It will also give an attention to the environmental aspect of the project,

especially that both museum and library needs lighting and temperature control to
preserve and safe-keep the books, artifacts, and other learning materials and
equipment. To conserve electric consumption and to aid humidity, buffers and sun
shading techniques will be utilized. The interior planning will be strategically
locating spaces that holds fragile materials to zones that would not receive direct
sunlight. Reading spaces and other spaces for human habitation will be located on
spaces that has window openings to maximize natural lighting while preventing sun
rays to artifacts and books. To control humidity levels, openings will be strategically
located to where it needs the most.

Problem:

With the main goal of providing an effective and efficient modern city library and
museum, the following problems have emerged.

Library

 Site: How to mitigate different levels of zoning for easy circulation of

pedestrians and vehicles?
 Floorplan: How to systematically plan a library that caters individual learning,
team collaboration, and community engagement?
  Aesthetics: How to strategically optimize sunlight and natural ventilation
while taking into account humidity control?

Museum

 Site: How to mitigate different levels of zoning for easy circulation of

pedestrians and vehicles, especially of private and the public?
 Floorplan: How to systematically plan a museum that showcases different
forms of items to display?
 Aesthetics: How to strategically optimize sunlight and natural ventilation
while taking into account humidity control?

Concept and Philosophy:

The proposed project, New City Library and Museum, is sought to uphold the
value modernization and adaptability while have environmentally inclined planning
and design. The concept of the development will then revolve around the sense of
“interlinking pages”. This depicts sheets or pages linked from the past, present to
future, symbolizing that a library and a museum has a common denominator of
time. A library is bounded by the pages of knowledge written from the past. A
museum is evidence of the past showed in the present, preserved for the future.
This idea then relayed as pages of books interlinked to deliver the past to the
present and give the future a glimpse of what are the things before it. The idea is
anchored on the very essence of time; thus, the development will embody patterns
in curved lines, signifying clocks. Yet, the develop will also be devoted in
incorporating the concept of green architecture that will be applied by providing
pocket, roof top, and interior gardens.

With the concept discussed, the philosophy of “Effective architecture fabrics

comfortable future”, matches the ideology of the development. This entails that the
project will not only serve the present but will also become adaptable to the ever-
changing needs of the architectural spaces overtime.

Objectives:

From the problems that have emerged, following are the objectives to be met.

Library

 Site: To mitigate different levels of zoning for easy circulation of pedestrians

and vehicles?
  Floorplan: To systematically plan a library that caters individual learning,
team collaboration, and community engagement?
 Aesthetics: To strategically optimize sunlight and natural ventilation while
taking into account humidity control?

Museum

 Site: To mitigate different levels of zoning for easy circulation of pedestrians

and vehicles, especially of private and the public?
 Floorplan: To systematically plan a museum that showcases different forms of
items to display?
 Aesthetics: To strategically optimize sunlight and natural ventilation while
taking into account humidity control?

Considerations:

Library

Accessibility – Pedestrian and Vehicles

Security and Preservation – Library materials and Equipment

Circulation and Traffic – Internal and External

Ventilation, Noise, and Daylighting

Zoning – Public, Private, and Service

Environment – Climatic design

Architectural Character

Museum

Accessibility – Pedestrian and Vehicles

Security and Preservation – Artifacts and Exhibits

Circulation and Traffic – Internal and External

Movement - Artifacts

Ventilation, Noise, Humidity, and Daylighting

Zoning – Public, Private, and Service

Environment – Climatic design

Architectural Character

DATA GATHERED

Building:

Classification - Group C Education and Recreation Division C - 1; while site is under

Medium Residential Zone

Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) –5 x 80% without sprinkler and
firewall; 5 x 90% with sprinkler and firewall

Allowed Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) – 60% with firewall; 50% without
firewall

Maximum Allowable Paved Open Space (ISA) – 20% with and without firewall

Minimum Unpaved Open Spaces (USA) – 20% with firewall; 30% without firewall

Number of Allowable Storeys Above Established Grade (BHL) – 2.5

TLA – 85, 500 m2

Setbacks and Courts:

Setbacks – Front: 5 m; Side: 2 m; Rear: 2 m

Courts – 2 m minimum

Ceiling Heights:
Ceiling Heights – 2.4 m with artificial ventilation; 2.7 m with natural ventilation; 2.7
m for ground; 2.4 for second; 2.1 m headroom for succeeding

Mezzanine – 1.8 m minimum

Rooms:

Rooms – 6 m2; 2 m minimum dimension

Kitchen – 3 m2; 1.5 m minimum dimension

Toilet and Bath – 1.2 m2; 0.9 m minimum dimension

Air Space:

School rooms – 3 m3; 1 m2 per person

Workshops & Offices – 12 m3 per person

Habitable rooms – 14 m3 per person

Window Openings:

Habitable rooms – 10% of floor area; 1 m2 minimum

Utility rooms – 5% of floor area; 0.24 m2 minimum

Eaves – 0.75 m minimum

Emergency – 0.82 m minimum width; 1 m minimum height

Vent Shafts:

Vent – 1 m2 per height; 1 m2 minimum; 0.6 m minimum dimension

Air duct – 0.3 m2 minimum; 0.3 m minimum dimension; 0.3 m minimum height from
surface

Parking slots – 140 minimum

Doors and Stairs (in accordance to Fire Code):

Door openings in means of egress shall not be less than seventy-one

centimeters (71 cm) in clear width. When a pair of doors is provided, not less than
one of the doors shall provide at least seventy-one centimeters (71 cm) clear width
opening.

No single door in a doorway shall exceed one hundred twenty-two

centimeters (122 cm) in width.

Stairs:
Fire command center:

For buildings ten (10) storeys or more, a fire command center shall be
provided.

Stairwell:

All stairwells shall be enclosed and protected in accordance with Rule 3. All
doors on stairwells shall be kept closed. Stairway doors, which can be locked, must
be provided with automatic electrical unlocking from the fire command center.

Occupant Load:

Assembly – 0.65 m2 per person without fixed seat; 1.4 m2 per person less
concentrated; 0.28 m2 per person waiting

Educational – 3.3 m2 for nurseries

Mercantile – 2.8 m2 per person for street floor; 3.7 m 2 per person for sales space; 5.6
m2 per person for upper floors used for sales; 9.3 m 2 per person for office, storage,
shipping, and not open to general public; 2.8 m 2 per person for covered walls.

Business – 9.3 m2 per person

Healthcare – 11.1 m2 per person for sleeping; 22.3 m 2 per person for inpatient
department.

Residential – 18.6 m2 per person

Plumbing Fixtures:

Accessibility Guidelines:

Dropped curbs – 0.9 m minimum; 1:12 maximum for adjoining; 1:20 maximum for
towards roads; 25 MM maximum lowest point from surface

Curb cut-out – 0.9 m minimum; 1:12 maximum

Walkways – 1.2 m minimum width; 2 M minimum headroom

Handrails - .3 m extension for ramps; 0.9 m & 0.7 m at steps or ramps; 1 m – 1.06
m for heights

Parking – 3.7 m minimum width

Ramps – 1.2 m minimum width; 1:12 maximum gradient; 6 m maximum length; 1.5
minimum landing

Doors – 0.8 minimum width

Corridors – 1.2 m minimum width; 1.5 m x 1.5 m turnabout, spaced at 12 m

Toilet – 1.7 m x 1.8 m minimum area; 1 WC if 20 or less, 2 WC if more than 20

Lavatories – 0.8 m minimum height

Elevators – 30 m maximum from entrance; 1.1 m x 1.4 m minimum dimension

Green Building Provisions and Requirements:

Mixed use occupancy minimum TGFA – 1,000 m 2

Rain water harvesting - Rainwater is one of the purest sources of water

available. Rainwater from roofs and hardscape must be collected and reused for
non-potable purposes. Minimum storage tanks size, in cubic meter, shall be
calculated by dividing the building footprint area by 75. Collected water shall be
used for non-potable purposes such as toilet flushing, irrigation and cooling towers.

Material Recovery Facility - MRF shall be provided for the collection and
segregation of solid waste. Buildings shall be provided with a minimum area for MRF
as specified in table below. MRF shall be fully enclosed and easily accessible from
within the building and from the outside for easy collection of waste.

Section 24. Network of Green and Open Spaces (CDO Ordinance):

All residential, commercial, industrial and mixed-use subdivisions, having

total contiguous land areas of five hectares or less are respectively required to
provide tree-planted strips along its internal roads having a spacing of not more
than 10 meters per tree.

Minimum Standards for Philippine Public Libraries:

Staffs:

Regional, congressional district, provincial, and city libraries shall have at

least had 4 professional librarians, three support services staff excluding those
holding non-classified positions like utility workers, etc.

Maintenance Personnels:
  Library equipment operator for the photocopying machine; microfilm
reader/printer; overhead projector;
 Bindery personnel;
 Messengerial/laiason personnel; and
 Utility worker.

Collection:

A provision for at least 10% annual increase of the collection must be

provided each of any public library catergory.

Space Allocation:

Museum Design and Planning:

Humidity and Ventilation Regulation:

The storage standards of the temperature and humidity for the museum are
as the following 7-classifications:

Cultural relics made of metal:

 Bronze, iron, gold and silver, and metal coins, storage temperature at 20℃
and humidity between 0~40%RH;
 Tin and lead objects, storage temperature at 25℃and humidity between
0~40%RH;
 Enamel, enameled porcelain, storage temperature at 20℃, humidity between
40~50%RH;

Silicate cultural relics:

 Pottery, terracotta, Tang tri-color, purple clay, brick, porcelain, storage

temperature at 20℃ and humidity between 40~50%RH;
 The storage temperature of the glass is 20℃, and the humidity is between 0
and 40%RH;

Relics made of rock:

 Stone tools, stone inscriptions, stone carvings, rock paintings, jade, gems,
fossils, rock specimens, painted clay sculptures, murals, storage temperature
at 20℃, and humidity between 40~50%RH;
Cultural relics made of paper:

 Paper, literature, scriptures, calligraphy, Chinese painting, books, rubbings,

stamps, storage temperature at 20℃ and humidity between 50~60%RH;

Fabric and oil painting:

 Silk, wool, cotton and linen textiles, embroidery, clothing, thangka, oil
painting, storage temperature at 20℃ and humidity between 50~60%RH;

Bamboo and wood products:

 Lacquer ware, wood ware, wood carving, bamboo ware, rattan ware,
furniture, prints, storage temperature at 20℃, humidity between 50~60%RH;

Animal and plant materials:

 Ivory products, oracle bone products, horn products, shell products, storage
temperature at 20℃ and humidity between 50~60%RH;
 Leather and fur, storage temperature at 5℃, humidity between 50~60%RH;
 The storage temperature of animal specimens and plant specimens is 20℃,
and the humidity is between 50 and 60%RH;
 Black and white photos and films are stored at 15℃, humidity between
50~60%RH;

Rooftop Garden:
Energy Conservation Techniques:
 SITE

Bearings and Dimensions:

Climate:
Space and Access:

Hazards:
BUBBLES AND SCHEMES
References:

Google Maps

Google Earth

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Sports complex. (2020, September 21). [Slide show]. SlideShare.

[Link]

Muel, S. (2013, September 11). Minimum standards for philippine public libraries
[Slide show]. SlideShare. [Link]
for-philippine-public-libraries

Museum buildings. (2016, May 9). Issuu.

[Link]

Public Library design. (2022, October 31). Issuu.

[Link]

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