Continuous Function
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
At the end of the lesson, the students must
be able to;
•Illustrate continuity of a function at a point;
•Determine whether a function is continuous at a
point or not;
•Illustrate continuity of a function on an interval;
and
•Determine whether a function is continuous on
an interval or not.
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
Introduction
A function from the set of real numbers is
continuous when the graph in a Cartesian plane is
a solitary one and unbroken, having no holes or
jumps in any part of the graph. Continuous
functions are functions that are continuous in
every values of a given interval and can be
graphed continuously without any obstacle of
lifting a drafting pen.
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
Introduction
A hole or a jump in the graph of a function in
Cartesian plane occurs if the value of the function
at a certain point disagree or varies with its
limiting value along the same point and nearby
points. The particular point is called a Missing-
point Discontinuity or Point of Discontinuity.
Therefore, the function is discontinuous if there
are holes or jumps within the graph. Otherwise, a
function is continuous in its form.
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
Continuity at a given point
A function f(x) is continuous at x=a if and only if the
following conditions are satisfied:
a. f(a) is defined
b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑥) exists
𝑥→𝑎
c. f(a) and 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑥) are equal
𝑥→𝑎
If one or more of these conditions fail to hold at
a, the function is said to be discontinuous at x=a
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
Continuity at a given Interval
A function f(x) is continuous at x=a if and only if the
following conditions are satisfied:
a. f(a) is defined
b. 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 𝑓(𝑥) exists
𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎
c. f(a) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎
If one or more of these conditions fail to hold at
a, the function is said to be discontinuous at
given interval Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
Examples:
Determine if the following functions are continuous at the
given value of x.
1. 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 2 , at x=3
2. 𝑓 𝑥 = 5𝑥 2 + 6 ,at x=-2
𝑥 2 − 1, 𝑥 < 2
3. 𝑓 𝑥 = , at x=2
𝑥 + 2, 𝑥 ≥ 2
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏, 𝒙<𝟐
𝒇 𝒙 =
𝒙 + 𝟐, 𝒙≥𝟐
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
Examples:
Determine if the following functions are continuous at the
given value of x.
𝑥 2 −9
1. 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥−3
, at x=3
𝑥 2 −9
2. 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥−3
, at x=0
3
3. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 −
5, at x=0
4
4. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 − 5, at x=0
Jesus Is Lord Colleges Foundation, Inc.
Senior High School Department
𝑥 2−9
𝑓 𝑥 =
𝑥−3
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
3
𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 − 5
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
𝑓 𝑥 = 4 2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 − 5
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin
EXERCISE 4: CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS
Determine if the following functions are continuous at
the given value of x.
1. 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 at x = - 2
2. 𝑓 𝑥 = 9𝑥 2 − 1 at x = 1
𝑥−1
3. 𝑓 𝑥 = 2 at 𝑥 = 1
𝑥 −1
4. 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 6 at x=-2
𝑡 2 +2𝑡+1
5. 𝑓 𝑥 = at x=1
𝑡 2 +5𝑡+6
Prepared by: Engr. Jutheo V. Ebin