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CHAPTER

5 Average

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m
Section I — Basic Average Questions
1. Average runs scored by 11 players of a 3. The average weight of 15 oarsmen in a (a) 25.5°C (b) 25°C

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cricket team is 23 runs. If the first player boat is increased by 1.6 kg when one of (c) 25.2°C (d) 25.6° C
scored 113 runs. Find the average runs of the crew, who weighs 42 kg, is replaced by
the remaining players. a new man. Find the weight of the new Explanation: Temperature on 4th day
[SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2016] man (in kg). (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam, 2018) = (4 × 25 + 4 × 25.5 − 25.2 × 7)°C
(a) 8 runs (b) 12 runs (a) 67 (b) 65 = (100 + 102 − 176.4)°C

dy
(c) 14 runs (d) 27 runs (c) 66 (d) 43 = 25.6°C
Explanation: Total runs scored = 11 × 23 Explanation: Weight of new oarsman Hence, the correct option is (d)
= 253 = (42 + 15 × 1.6) kg 6. Three Science classes A, B and C take a
Runs by first player = 113
tu
= (42 + 24) kg = 66 kg Life Science test. The average score of
∴ Runs by rest player = 253 − 113 = 140 Hence, the correct option is (c) class A is 83. The average score of class B
140 is 76. The average score of class C is 85.
∴ Required average = = 14 4. The average marks of 50 students in a
10 The average score of class A and B is 79
cs
class is 72. The average marks of boys and
Hence, the correct option is (c). and the average score of class B and C is
girls in that subject are 70 and 75 respec-
81. Then the average score of classes A, B
2. The average weight of 3 men A, B and tively. The number of boys in the class is
and C is (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam, 2015)
C is 84 kg. Another man D joins the group [SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO &
/ss

PA/SA Exam 2015]

(a) 81.5 (b) 81
and the average now becomes 80 kg. If (c) 80.5 (d) 80
another man E whose weight is 3 kg more (a) 20 (b) 35
than that of D, replaces A, then the aver- (c) 25 (d) 30 Explanation: If the students in class A be
age weight of B, C, D and E becomes 79 kg. x, the students in class B be y and the stu-
Explanation: If we assume the number
s:/

Then the weight of A is dents in class C be z.

of students in the class be x.
(SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & DP SI Exam, 2018 Then for classes A and B, we have
and SSC CGL Tier-I Exam, 2018) The number of girls will be = 50 − x
As per problem, 83x + 76 y
(a) 72 kg (b) 74 kg = 79
x+y
tp

(c) 75 kg (d) 76 kg x × 70 + (50 − x) × 75 = 50 × 72

Explanation: weight of D will be ⇒ 70x + 3750 − 75x = 3600 ⇒ 83x + 76y = 79x + 79y
= 80 × 4 − 84 × 3 ⇒ 3750 − 5x = 3600 ⇒ 83x − 79x = 79y − 76y
ht

= 320 − 252 = 68 kg. ⇒ 5x = 3750 − 3600 = 150 ⇒ 4x = 3y

Weight of E will be = 68 + 3 = 71 kg 150 For classes B and C, we have
⇒x = = 30
Total weight of (A + B + C + D + E) 5 76 y + 85 y
= 84 × 3 + 68 + 71 Hence, the correct option is (d) = 81
y +z
= 252 + 68 + 71 = 391 kg 5. The mean high temperature of the first
⇒ 76y + 85 z = 81 y + 81 z
four days of a week is 25°C whereas the mean
Total weight of (B + C + D + E) ⇒ 5y = 4z
of the last four days is 25.5°C. If the mean
= 79 × 4 = 316 kg temperature of the whole week is 25.2°C ∴ 20x = 15y = 12z
Weight of A will be = 391 − 316 = 75 kg then the temperature on the 4th day is
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO & PA/SA
20x 15 y 12z
⇒ = =
Hence, the correct option is (c) Exam, 2015] 60 60 60

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5.2 Chapter 5

x y z 10. A librarian purchased 50 storybooks = 80 + 86 − 135

⇒ = = for his library. But he saw that he could = 166 − 135 = 31 kg.
3 4 5
get l4 more books by spending ` 76 more Hence, the correct option is (c)
∴ Required average and the average price per book would be
83 × 3 + 76 × 4 + 85 × 5 reduced by ` 1. The average price (in `) of 13. The average weight of the first 11
= each book he bought was persons among 12 persons is 95 kg. The
3+ 4 +5
(SSC CGL Tier-I Exam, 2015) weight of 12th person is 33 kg more than
249 + 304 + 425 978
= = the average weight of all the 12 persons.
12 12 (a) 15 (b) 10
The weight of the 12th person is
(c) 25 (d) 20 (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2015)
= 81.5
Hence, the correct option is (a) Explanation: If the average cost of each (a) 128.75 kg (b) 128 kg

/
book bought (of 64 books) is ` x. (c) 131 kg (d) 97.45 kg

m
7. The average weight of 8 persons
increases by 2.5 kg when a new person Then we have,
Explanation: If the weight of 12th per-
comes in place of one of them weighing 64 × x − 50(x + 1) = 76
son be x kg (let).
65 kg. The weight of the new person is ⇒ 64x − 50x − 50 = 76

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The average weight of 12 persons will be
[SSC Constable (GD) Exam, 2015] ⇒ 14x = 76 + 50 = 126
⎛ 11 × 95 + x ⎞
(a) 84 kg (b) 85 kg 126 =⎜ ⎟⎠ kg
⇒ x= =9 ⎝ 12
(c) 76 kg (d) 76.5 kg 14
As per the question
Explanation: Weight of new person Average price = 9 + 1 = ` 10

dy
11 × 95 + x
= (65 + 8 × 2.5) kg Hence, the correct option is (b) + 33 = x
12
= (65 + 20) kg 11. The average of some natural numbers ⇒ 1045 + x + 396 = 12x
= 85 kg is 15. If 30 is added to first number and 5
Hence, the correct option is (b) ⇒ 1441 = 11 x
is subtracted from the last number the
tu
1441
8. Six friends have an average height of average becomes 17.5 then the number of ⇒ x= = 131 kg
natural number is 11
167 cm. A boy with height 162 cm leaves Hence, the correct option is (c)
the group. Find the new average height. (SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & DP SI Exam, 2015)
cs
[SSC Constable (GD) Exam, 2015] (a) 15 (b) 30 14. There are 100 students in 3 sections
(c) 20 (d) 10 A, B and C of a class. The average marks of
(a) 168 cm (b) 166 cm
all the 3 sections were 84. The average of
(c) 169 cm (d) 167 cm Explanation: If the number of natural B and C was 87.5 and the average marks of
/ss

numbers be x, therefore their sum will be A is 70. The number of students in A was
Explanation: Total height of 5 friends = 15x (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2014)
= (6 × 167 − 162) cm As per problem, (a) 30 (b) 35
= (1002 − 162) cm 15x + 30 − 5 = x × 17.5 (c) 20 (d) 25
s:/

= 840 cm ⇒ 17.5x − 15x = 25

840 Explanation: If the number of students
∴Required average = ⇒ 2.5x = 25
5 in section A be x.
= 168 cm 25 Therefore, the number of students in sec-
⇒ x= = 10
tp

Hence, the correct option is (a) 25 tions B and C will be = (100 − x )

Hence, the correct option is (d) Now we have
9. The average of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, ………...
to 25 terms is 12. The average weight of A, B and C is 45 x × 70 + (100 − x) × 87.5 = 84 × 100
ht

[SSC Constable (GD) Exam, 2015] kg. If the average weight of A and B be 40 ⇒ 70x + 87.5 × 100 − 87.5 x = 8400
(a) 125 (b) 25 kg and that of B and C be 43 kg, then the ⇒ 8750 − 17.5x = 8400
(c) 625 (d) 50 weight (in kg) of B is ⇒ 17.5x = 8750 − 8400 = 350
(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014, 2015)
350
Explanation: Sum of first n odd natural (a) 20 (b) 26 ⇒ x= = 20
numbers = n2 17.5
(c) 31 (d) 17 Hence, the correct option is (c)
n2
∴ Their average = =n Explanation: The weight of B can be cal-
n 15. The arithmetic mean of the following
culated using numbers
Average = 25
Weight of B = (A + B)’s weight + (B + C)’s 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6,
Because n = 25
weight − (A + B + C)’s weight 6, 6, 6 and 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 is
Hence, the correct option is (b)
= 40 × 2 + 43 × 2 − 45 × 3 (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014)

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Average 5.3

(a) 4 (b) 5 19. The average of 8 numbers is 27. If (a) 1 m 12.1 cm

(c) 14 (d) 20 each of the numbers is multiplied by 8, (b) 1 m 21.1 cm
Explanation: Mean find the average of new set of numbers.
(c) 1 m 21 cm
[SSC Constants (GD) Exam. 2013]
1× 1 + 2 × 2 + 3 × 3 + 4 × 4 (d) 1 m 12 cm
(a) 1128 (b) 938
+ 5× 5 + 6 × 6 + 7 ×7 Explanation: Average height
= (c) 316 (d) 216
1+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7
Explanation: If each item is multiplied 6 × 1.15 + 8 × 1.1 + 6 × 1.12
1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + 25 + 36 + 499 =
= by 8, their average gets multiplied by 8. 20
28
∴ Required average 6.9 + 8.8 + 6.72 22.42
140 = =
= =5

/
= 8 × 27 = 216 20 20
28
Hence, the correct option is (d)

m
Hence, the correct option is (b) = 1.121 m
16. The average of all the numbers 20. The average monthly salary of all the = 1 metre 12.1 cm
between 6 and 50 which are divisible by 5 is employees in an industry is ` 12,000. The Hence, the correct option is (a)
average salary of male employees is

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(SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & DP SI Exam. 2014) 23. Six tables and twelve chairs were
` 15,000 and that of female employees is
(a) 27.5 (b) 30 bought for ` 7800. If the average price of a
` 8,000. What is the ratio of male employ-
(c) 28.5 (d) 22 table is ` 750, then the average price of a
ees to female employees?
chair would be
Explanation: Numbers are: 10, 15, 20, (SBC FCI Assistant Grade-III Main Exam. 2013)
(SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
25, 30, 35, 40, 45 (a) 5 : 2 (b) 3 : 4

dy
(a) ` 250 (b) ` 275
Sum of numbers = 220 (c) 4 : 3 (d) 2 : 5 (c) ` 150 (d) ` 175
Total number =8
220 Explanation: If the male employees is x Explanation: If we assume that the aver-
Average = = 27.5 and female employees be y, then we have age cost of a chair is ` x, then we have
8
tu
∴ (x + y) 12000 = x × 15000 + y × 8000 12 x + 6 × 750 = 7800
Hence, the correct option is (a)
⇒ 12x = 7800 − 4500 = 3300
⇒ (x + y) × 12 = 15x + 8y
17. The average of 30 numbers is 40 and 3300
that of other 40 numbers is 30. The aver- ⇒ 12x + 12y = 15x + 8y ⇒ x= = ` 275
cs
12
age of all the numbers is ⇒ 3x = 4y Hence, the correct option is (b)
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2013)
x 4 24. 4 boys and 3 girls spent ` 120 on the
2 ⇒ = ⇒ x : y = 4 :3
y 3
/ss

(a) 34 (b) 35 average, of which the boys spent ` 150 on

7
Hence, the correct option is (c) the average. Then the average amount
(c) 34 (d) 34.5 spent by the girls is
21. There are two groups A and B of a
Explanation: Average of numbers (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
class consisting of 42 and 28 students
30 × 40 + 40 × 30 (a) ` 80 (b) ` 60
s:/

respectively. If the average weight of

= (c) ` 90 (d) ` 100
70 group A is 25 kg and that of group B is 40
240 2 kg, then find the average weight of the Explanation: Total expenditure
= = 34 whole class.
7 7 = 120 × 7 = ` 840
(SSC FCI Assistant Grade-III Main Exam. 2013)
tp

Hence, the correct option is (a) Total expenditure of 4 boys

(a) 69 kg (b) 31 kg
18. The average of 20 numbers is 15 and = 150 × 4
(c) 70 kg (d) 30 kg
the average of first five is 12. The average = ` 7600
ht

of the rest is Explanation: Average weight Total expenditure of 3 girls

(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013) 42 × 25 + 28 × 40 = 840 − 600 = ` 240
=
(a) 16 (b) 15 42 + 28 ∴ Their average expenditure
(c) 14 (d) 13 1050 + 1120 2170 240
= = = 31kg = = ` 80
Explanation: Let the average of remain- 70 70 3
Hence, the correct option is (a)
ing numbers be x, therefore Hence, the correct option is (b)
20 × 15 = 5 × 12 + 15x 25. Find the average of 1.11, 0.01, 0.101,
22. Out of 20 boys, 6 are each of 1 m 15
0.001, 0.11.
⇒ 15x = 300 − 60 = 240 cm height, 8 are of 1 m 10 cm and rest are (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
240 1 m 12 cm. The average height of all of
⇒ x= = 16 (a) 0.2664 (b) 0.2554
15 them is
(SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013) (c) 0.1264 (d) 0.1164
Hence, the correct option is (a)

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5.4 Chapter 5

Explanation: Average (a) 9 (b) 16 32. The average of x numbers is y2 and

1.11 + 0.01 + 0.101 + 0.001 + 0.11 (c) 26 (d) 30 the average of y numbers is x2. So the aver-
= age of all the numbers taken together is
5 Explanation: Tenth observation = Mean of (SSC CHSL DEO & LDO Exam. 2011)
1.332 ten observations – Mean of nine observations
= = 0.2664 x3 + y3
5 = 10 × 17 − 16 × 9 (a) (b) xy
Hence, the correct option is (a) = 170 − 144 = 26 x+y
26. The average monthly expenditure of Hence, the correct option is (c) x2 + y2
(c) (b) xy2 + yx3
a family is ` 2200 during the first three 29. A man bought 13 articles at ` 70 each, x+y
months, ` 2550 during the next four 15 at ` 60 each and 12 at ` 65 each. The Explanation: Total sum of x numbers = xy3

/
months and ` 3120 during the last five average price per article is Total sum of y numbers = yx2
months of the year. If the total savings

m
[SSC Constable (GD) & Rifleman (GD)
during the year was ` 1260, what is the Exam. 2012] xy 2 + xy 2
Average =
average monthly income? (a) ` 60.25 (b) ` 64.75 x+y
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2012) (c) ` 65.75 (d) ` 62.25 xy ( y + x )

.co
(a) ` 1,260 (b) ` 1,280 = = xy
Explanation: Average price x+y
(c) ` 2,805 (d) ` 2,850
13 × 70 + 15 × 60 + 12 × 6 Hence, the correct option is (b)
=
Explanation: Total expenditure of the year 13 + 15 + 12 33. The average of x numbers is y and the
= ` (3 × 2200 + 4 × 2550 + 5 × 3120) 910 + 900 + 780 2590 average of y numbers is x. Then the aver-
= =

dy
= ` (6600 + 10200 + 15600) 40 40 age of all the numbers taken together is
= ` 32400 = ` 64.75 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
Hence, the correct option is (b) x+y 2xy
Total income of the year (a) (b)
30. The average weight of five persons sit- 2xy x+y
= ` (32400 + 1260)
tu
ting in a boat is 38 kg. The average weight
= ` 33660 x2 + y2 xy
of the boat and the persons sitting in the (c) (d)
Average monthly income can be calcu- x+y x+y
boat is 52 kg. What is the weight of the boat?
lated as
cs
[FCI Assistant Grade-III Exam. 2012 (Paper-I)] Explanation: Sum of x numbers = xy
33660
=` = ` 2805 (a) 228 kg (b) 122 kg Sum of y numbers = xy
12
Hence, the correct option is (c) (c) 232 kg (d) 242 kg xy + xy 2xy
Average = =
/ss

Explanation: Weight of the boat x+y x+y

27. A library has an average number of
510 visitors on Sunday and 240 on other = 6 × 52 − 5 × 38 Hence, the correct option is (b)
days. The average number of visitors per = 312 − 190 = 122 kg
34. If the average of 20 observations x1,
day in a month of 30 days beginning with Hence, the correct option is (b)
x2, . . ., x20 is y, then the average of x1, − 101,
s:/

Sunday is 31. The average of n numbers x1, x2, . . ., xn x2 − 101, x3 − 101, x20 −101 is
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) n
[SSC CISF Constable (GD) Exam. 2011]
(a) 285 (b) 295 is x . Then the value of ∑ (x − x ) is equal
i =1 (a) y − 20 (b) y − 101
(c) 300 (d) 290 to (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
tp

(a) n (b) 0 (c) 20y (d) 101y

Explanation: That month will have 5 Explanation: average
Sundays. (c) n x (d) x
∴ Required average Explanation: We know that mean can be x1 + x 2 + .... + x 20 101 × 20
= −
ht

5 × 510 + 25 × 240 expressed as 20 20

= x1 + x 2 + ....xn = y − 101
30 =x
2550 + 6000 n Hence, the correct option is (b)
= n
30 ∴ ∑ (xi − x ) 35. 12 kg of rice costing ` 30 per kg is
8550 i =1 mixed with 8 kg of rice costing ` 40 per kg.
= = 285
30 = (x1 − x ) + (x 2 − x ) + ..... + (xn − x ) The average per kg price of mixed rice is
Hence, the correct option is (a) = (x1 + x 2 + ..... + xn ) − n .x (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010)

28. The mean of 9 observations is 16. ⎛ x + x + ...... + xn ⎞ (a) ` 38 (b) ` 37

= n. ⎜ 1 2 ⎟⎠ − n .x (c) ` 35 (d) ` 34
One more observation is included and the ⎝ n
new mean becomes 17. The 10th observa- = nx − nx = 0 Explanation: Total cost price of 20 kg of
tion is [SSC CISF ASI Exam 2010 (Paper-1)] mixed rice
Hence, the correct option is (b)
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Average 5.5

= ` (12 × 30 + 8 × 40) 39. The average of 100 numbers is 44. 43. If the average mark of three batches
The average of these 100 numbers and 4 of 55, 60 and 45 students respectively is
= ` 680
other new numbers is 50. The average of 50, 55 and 60, then the average marks of
Average per kg price the four new numbers will be all the students is (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
680 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007) (a) 54.68 (b) 53.33
= = ` 34
20 (a) 800 (b) 200 (c) 55 (d) None of these
Hence, the correct option is (d) (c) 176 (d) 24 Explanation: Average marks
36. The total weekly emoluments of the Explanation: Sum of 4 new numbers 55 × 50 + 60 × 55 + 45 × 60
=
workers of a factory is ` 1534. The average = 50 × 104 – 100 × 44 55 + 60 + 45

/
weekly emolument of a worker is ` 118. = 5200 − 4400 = 800 2750 + 3300 + 2700
The number of workers in the factory is =

m
800 160
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010) ∴ Average = = 200 8750
4 = = 54.68
(a) 16 (b) 14 Hence, the correct option is (b) 160

.co
(c) 13 (d) 12 Hence, the correct option is (a)
40. The average of 10 numbers is 7. If
Explanation: Number of workers in the each number is multiplied by 12, then the 44. The average income of 40 persons is
factory average of the new set of numbers will be ` 4200 and that of another 35 persons is
1534 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007) ` 4000. The average income of the whole
= = 13
118 (a) 7 (b) 19 group is (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1999)

dy
Hence, the correct option is (c) (c) 82 (d) 84 1
(a) ` 4100 (b) ` 4106
37. The average marks of 32 boys of sec- Explanation: We know that if each number 3
tion A of class X is 60 whereas the average is multiplied by a certain number, then the 2 1
average is also multiplied by that number. (c) ` 4106 (d) ` 4108
marks of 40 boys of section B of class X is 3 3
tu
33. The average marks for both the sec- Average = 7 × 12 = 84
tions combined together is Hence, the correct option is (d) Explanation Average income of whole
(SSC Data Entry Operator Exam. 2009)
group
41. If the average weight of 6 students is 4200 × 40 + 4000 × 35
cs
(a) 44 (b) 45 50 kg; that of 2 students is 51 kg and that =
75
1 1 of 2 other students is 55 kg; then the aver-
(c) 46 (d) 45 age weight of all the students is 168000 + 140000
2 2 =
75
/ss

(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007)

Explanation: Average (a) 61 kg (b) 51.5 kg 308000 2
= = 4106
(c) 52 kg (d) 51.2 kg 75 3
32 × 60 + 33 × 40
= Hence, the correct option is (c)
72 Explanation: Average weight
s:/

1920 + 1320 3240 (50 × 6 + 51 × 2 + 55 × 2) 45. The average of the marks obtained in
= = = 45 = an examination by 8 students was 51 and
72 72 10
by 9 other students were 68. The average
Hence, the correct option is (b) 300 + 102 + 110 512
= = marks of all 17 students were
10 10
tp

38. The average of 30 numbers is 15. The (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1999)
= 51.2 kg
average of the first 18 numbers is 10 and (a) 59 (b) 59.5
that of the next 11 numbers is 20. The last Hence, the correct option is (d)
(c) 60 (d) 60.5
number is [SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2007] 42. The average of 30 results is 20 and
ht

Explanation: Sum of total number of 8

(a) 56 (b) 52 the average of other 20 results is 30. What
students in exam = 8 × 51 = 408
(c) 60 (d) 50 is the average of all the results?
(SSC CGL, Prelim Exam. 2003) Sum of total number of 9 students in
Explanation: If the last number is x. (a) 24 (b) 48 exam = 9 × 68 = 612
As per question, (c) 25 (d) 50 The required average will be
18 × 10 + 11 × 20 + x = 30 × 15 Explanation: Average 408 + 612 1020
= = = 60
17 17
⇒ 180 + 220 + x = 450 20 × 30 + 20 × 30
= Hence, the correct option is (c)
⇒ 400 + x = 450 30 + 20
600 + 600 1200 46. A student was asked to find the arith-
⇒ x = 450 − 400 = 50 = = = 24 metic mean of the following 12 numbers:
50 50
Hence, the correct option is (d) 3, 11, 7, 9, 15, 13, 8, 19, 17, 21, 14 and x
Hence, the correct option is (a)

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5.6 Chapter 5

He found the mean to be 12. The value of Explanation: The mean can be calculat- As per problem
x will be ed using the relation given below 137 + x
= 12
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1998) Mean 12
(a) 3 (b) 7 3 + 11 + 9 + 7 + 15 + 13 + ∴ 137 + x = 144
(c) 17 (d) 31 8 + 19 + 17 + 21 + 14 + x ∴ x = 144 − 137 = 7
=
12 Hence, the correct option is (b).

Section II — To Find nth Number When Average of First ‘p’ and

Last ‘q’ Numbers are Given

/
m
1. Out of four numbers the average of the Explanation: We know that if each num- na + 2 (2n − 1)
first three is 16 and that of the last three is ber is multiplied by 8, the new average ∴ Required average =
15. If the last number is 20 then the first gets multiplied by 8, i.e., n
number is (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam, 2018) 21 × 8 = 168. 2 (2n − 1)

.co
=a+
(a) 23 (b) 25 Hence, the correct option is (d) n
(c) 28 (d) 21 4. The average of 12 numbers is 15 and Hence, the correct option is (b)
Explanation: If we assume the three the average of the first two is 14. What is 6. The average of six numbers is 3.95.
numbers to be a, b and c respectively, then the average of the rest? The average of two of them is 3.4, while

dy
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO &
we have the average of the other two is 3.85. The
PA/SA Exam. 2015]
average of the remaining two numbers is
a + b + c = 16 × 3 = 48 (1) 1 (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2015)
(a) 15 (b) 15
Also we have 5 (a) 4.6 (b) 4 5
tu
b + c + 20 = 15 × 3 = 45 1 (c) 4.8 (d) 4.7
(c) 14 (d) 14
⇒ b + c = 45 − 20 = 25 (2) 5 Explanation: Sum of remaining two
Subtracting (1) and (2) we get, Explanation: Sum of remaining 10 num- numbers
cs
bers = 12 × 15 − 2 × 14 = 180 − 28 = 152 = 6 × 3.95 − 2 × 3.4 − 2 × 3.85
a = 48 − 25
152 76 1 = 23.7 − 6.8 − 7.7 = 9.2
= 23 Average = = = 15
10 5 5 9.2
/ss

Hence, the correct option is (a) ∴ Required average = = 4.6

Hence, the correct option is (b) 2
2. The average of 13 results is 70. The
average of first seven is 65 and that of the 5. Average of n numbers is a. The first Hence, the correct option is (a)
last seven is 75, the seventh result is number is increased by 2, the second one
is increased by 4, the third one is increased 7. The average of the largest and smallest
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO &
s:/

by 8 and so on. The average of the new 3 digit numbers formed by 0, 2 and 4
PA/SA Exam, 2015]
numbers is (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam, 2015) would be (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2015)
(a) 67 (b) 70
(a) 312 (b) 213
(c) 68 (d) 70.5 2n −1 − 1 2n − 1
(a) a + (b) a +2+ (c) 222 (d) 303
tp

n n
Explanation: Seventh observation
2n −1 2n − 1 Explanation: Largest 3 digit number
= 65 × 7 + 7 × 75 − 13 × 70 (c) a + (d) a+ formed by 0, 2 and 4 = 420
n n
ht

= 455 + 525 – 910 Smallest number of three digits formed by

Explanation: Sum of new numbers 0, 2 and 4 = 204
= 980 – 910 = 70 = na + (2 + 4 + 8+ 16 to n terms) Average of the largest and smallest 3 digit
Hence, the correct option is (b) Now we have number will be
3. The average of 8 numbers is 21. If each S = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + to n terms 420 + 204 624
of the numbers is multiplied by 8, the First term a = 2 = = = 312
2 2
average of the new set of numbers is 4
Common ratio r = = 2 Hence, the correct option is (a)
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO 2
& PA/SA Exam. 2015] For geometric series. 8. Three numbers are such that the aver-
(a) 21 (b) 29 age of first two numbers is 2, the average
∴ S= a ( r − 1) = 2 ( 2 − 1) 2 2n 1
n n

(c) 8 (d) 168 = ( − ) of the last two numbers is 3 and the aver-
r −1 2 −1 age of the first and the last numbers is 4,

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Average 5.7

then the average of three numbers is 12. Out of four numbers, the average of Explanation:
equal to the first three is 15 and that of the last Let us assume the smallest number be x.
[SSC CHSL (10+2) DEO & LDC Exam. 2014] three is 16. If the last number is 19, the As per question
(a) 2 (b) 3.5 first is (SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013) 195 + x + x + 20 = 135 × 3
(c) 3 (d) 2.5 (a) 19 (b) 15
⇒ 2x + 215 = 405
(c) 16 (d) 18
Explanation: Numbers in order ⇒ 2x = 405 − 215 = 190
Explanation:
⇒ a, b and c 190
a + b + c = 45 (1) ∴ x= = 95
∴ a+b=2×2=4 2
b + c + d = 48 (2)
b+c=2×3=6 Thus the smallest number will be 95.

/
Solving (1) and (2) we get,
c+a=2×4=8 Hence, the correct option is (b)

m
⇒ b + c = 48 − 19 = 29
On adding, ∴ a + b + c = 45 16. The average temperature of the first
2(a + b + c) = 4 + 6 + 8 = 18 ⇒ a = 45 – 29 = 16 4 days of a week was 37°C and that of the
last 4 days of the week was 41°C. If the

.co
18 Hence, the correct option is (c)
⇒ a+b+c= =9 average temperature of the whole week
2 13. The mean of 11 numbers is 35. If the was 39°C, then the temperature of the
Hence, the correct option is (c) mean of first 6 numbers is 32 and that of fourth day was
9. The average of 11 numbers is 63. If the the last 6 numbers is 37, find the sixth (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010)
average of first six numbers is 60 and the number. (SC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) (a) 38°C (b) 38.5°C

dy
last six numbers is 65, then the 6th num- (a) 28 (b) 29 (c) 39°C (d) 40°C
ber is (SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014) (c) 30 (d) 27
(a) 57 (b) 60 Explanation: M + T + W + TH = 4 × 37
Explanation: Sixth number
(c) 62 (d) 64 = 148°C (1)
tu
= 6 × 32 + 6 × 37 − 11 × 35
Explanation: Sixth number TH + F + S + S = 4 × 41
= 192 + 222 − 385 = 29
= 6 × 60 + 6 × 65 − 11 × 63 = 164°C (2)
Hence, the correct option is (b)
M + T +....+ S + S = 7 × 39
cs
= 360 + 390 − 693 = 57
14. Out of four numbers, the average of = 273°C (3)
Hence, the correct option is (a) the first three is 18 and that of the last
three is 16. If the last number is 19, the ∴ The temperature of the fourth day
10. The average of 11 results is 50. If the
= 148 + 164 − 273 = 39°C
/ss

average of the first six results is 49 and that first is

of the last six is 52, the sixth number is [SSC Constable (GD)& Rifleman (GD) Hence, the correct option is (c)
Exam. 2012]
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2013)
(a) 19 (b) 18 17. The average of eight successive num-
(a) 48 (b) 50 bers is 6.5. The average of the smallest and
(c) 20 (d) 25
(c) 52 (d) 56
s:/

the greatest numbers among them will be

Explanation: Sixth result Explanation: (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010)
a + b + c = 18 × 3 = 54 (a) 4 (b) 6.5
= 6 × 49 + 6 × 52 – 11 × 50
= 294 + 312 − 550 = 56 and b+ c + d = 16 × 3 = 48 (c) 7.5 (d) 9
tp

Hence, the correct option is (d) ∴ a+b+c–b–c−d

Explanation:
⇒ 54 − 48 = 6
11. The average of nine numbers is 50. ⇒ a–d=6 x+x+1+x+2+x+3+x+4+x+
The average of the first five numbers is 54 5 + x + 6 + x + 7 = 6.5 × 8 = 52
ht

⇒ a − 19 = 6
and that of the last three numbers is 52. ⇒ 8x + 28 = 52
Then the sixth number is ⇒ a = 19 + 6 = 25
⇒ 8x = 52 − 28 = 24
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013) Hence, the correct option is (d)
⇒ x =33
(a) 30 (b) 34 15. The average of three numbers is 135.
3 + 10
(c) 24 (d) 44 The largest number is 195 and the differ- ∴ Required average = = 6.5
ence between the other two is 20. The 2
Explanation: The sixth number Hence, the correct option is (b)
smallest number is
= 9 × 50 – 5 × 54 – 3 × 52 [SSC Multi-Tasking (Non-Technical) 18. The average of 30 numbers is 12. The
= 450 – 270 − 156 = 24 Staff Exam. 2011]
average of the first 20 of them is 11 and
Hence, the correct option is (c) (a) 65 (b) 95 that of the next 9 is 10. The last number is
(c) 105 (d) 115 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008)

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5.8 Chapter 5

(a) 60 (b) 45 that of the next 7 numbers is 10. The last 54

number is (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004) ⇒ x= = 18
(c) 40 (d) 50 3
Explanation: Last number (a) 40 (b) 38
Eighth number will be = x + 7 = 18 + 7 = 25
= 30 × 12-20 × 11 − 9 × 10 (c) 48 (d) 50
Hence, the correct option is (c)
= 360 − 220 − 90 Explanation: Last number = Sum of 20
23. The average of 15 numbers is 7. If the
= 360 − 310 = 50 numbers − Sum of first 12 numbers −
average of the first 8 numbers be 6.5 and
Hence, the correct option is (d) Sum of next 7 numbers
the average of last 8 numbers be 9.5, then
19. In a certain year, the average monthly = 20 × 12 − 11 × 12 − 7 × 10 the middle number is
income of a person was ` 3400. For the (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003)
= 240 − 132 − 70 = 38

/
first eight months of the year, his average (a) 20 (b) 21

m
monthly income was ` 3160 and for the Hence, the correct option is (b)
(c) 23 (d) 18
last five months, it was ` 4120. His income 22. The average of 8 numbers is 20. The
in the eighth month of the year was 1 Explanation: The middle number
average of first two numbers is 15 and

.co
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008) = 8 × 6.5 + 8 × 9.5 − 15 × 7
2
(a) ` 3160 (b) ` 5080 1 = 52 + 76 − 105
that of the next three is 21 . If the sixth
(c) ` 15,520 (d) ` 5.520 3
number be less than the seventh and = 128 − 105 = 23
Explanation: Person’s income in the eighth numbers by 4 and 7 respectively, Hence, the correct option is (c)
eighth month then the eighth number is

dy
24. The average of 9 numbers is 30. The
= ` (3160 × 8 + 5 × 4120 − 12 × 3400) (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004)
average of first 5 numbers is 25 and that of
= ` (25280 + 20600 − 40800) (a) 18 (b) 22 the last 3 numbers is 35. What is the 6th
= ` 5080 (c) 25 (d) 27 number?
tu (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000)
Hence, the correct option is (b) Explanation: Sum of 8 numbers
(a) 20 (b) 30
20. Out of seven given numbers, the = 20 × 8 = 160
(c) 40 (d) 50
average of the first four numbers is 4 and Sum of the first two numbers
cs
that of the last four numbers is also 4. If Explanation: Given
31
the average of all the seven numbers is 3, = × 2 = 31
2 Average of 9 numbers = 30
then the fourth number is
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007) Sum of next three numbers The total of 9 numbers = 30 × 9 = 270
/ss

(a) 3 (b) 4 64 Average of first 5 numbers = 25

= × 3 = 64
(c) 7 (d) 11 3 The total of first 5 numbers =25 × 5 = 125
Sum of the remaining three numbers Total of last 3 numbers = 3 × 35 = 105
Explanation: Fourth number
= 160 − (31 + 64) = 160 − 95 = 65
Thus the required answer will be
s:/

= (4 × 4 + 4 × 4 – 3 × 7) If we assume 6th number to be x.

= (16 + 16 − 21) = 11 Then the 7th number will be = x + 4, = 270 − (125 + 105)
Hence, the correct option is (d) And 8th number will be = x + 7 = 270 − 230 = 40
⇒ x + x + 4 + x + 7 = 65 Hence, the correct option is (c)
tp

21. The average of 20 numbers is 12. The

average of the first 12 numbers is 11 and ⇒ 3x = 65 − 11
ht

Section III — Average of Consecutive Even, Odd and Prime Numbers

1. The average of all the odd integers 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 + 17 + 19 + 21 are also included, then the average of all
between 2 and 22 is = these integers will
10
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC. DEO & (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam, 2015)
PA/SA Exam. 2015]
120
= = 12
10 (a) Increase by 1.5 (b) Increase by 1
(a) 14 (b) 12
Hence, the correct option is (b) (c) Remain the same (d) Increase by 2
(c) 13 (d) 11
2. The average of five consecutive posi- Explanation: If the five consecutive inte-
Explanation: Required average gers are: x, x + 1, x + 2, x + 3 and x + 4
tive integers is n. If the next two integers

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Average 5.9

Their average will be 5. If a, b, c, d, e are five consecutive odd (a) 5.3 (b) 5.6
x + x + 1+ x + 2 + x + 3 + x + 4 numbers, their average is (c) 5 (d) 3.6
= (SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013 &
5 Explanation: Required average
SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014)
5x + 10 2 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 11
= = x +2 (a) 5(a + 4) =
5 5
New average abcde
(b) 28
5 = = 5.6
(5x + 10 ) + x + 5 + x + 6 5
= (c) 5(a + b + c + d + e)
7 Hence, the correct option is (b)
(d) a + 4
7x + 21
= = x +3 9. The average of nine consecutive num-

/
7 Explanation: b = a + 2
bers is n. If the next two numbers are also

m
Difference = x + 3 – x – 2 = 1 c=b+2=a+4 included the new average will
Hence, the correct option is (b) d=c+2=a+6 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2013)

3. The average of 6 consecutive natural e=d+2=a+8 (a) Increase by 2

.co
numbers is K. If the next two natural num- ∴ Required average (b) Remain the same
bers are also included, then how much (c) Increase by 1.5
a + a +2+ a + 4 + a +6+ a +8
more than K will the average of these = (d) Increase by 1
8 numbers be? 5
5a + 20 Explanation: The fifth number = n
(SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam, 2015) = =a+4 The tenth number = n + 5

dy
5
(a) 1.3 (b) 1 The eleventh number = n + 6
Hence, the correct option is (d) New average
(c) 2 (d) 1.8
6. The average of first ten prime num- 9n + n + 5 + n + 6
Explanation: x + x + 1 + x + 2 + x + 3 + bers is =
11
tu
x + 4 + x + 5 = 6K [SSC Constable (GD) Exam. 2013]
⇒ 6x + 15 = 6K 11n + 11 (n + 1) × 11
(a) 10.1 (b) 10 = = = n +1
15 11 11
⇒ x+ =K (c) 12.9 (d) 13
cs
6 Hence, the correct option is (d)
Explanation: Required average 10. The average of the first nine integral
5
⇒ x + = K ...... (i ) multiples of 3 is
2 2 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23 + 29
=
/ss

(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013)

Again, 10
129 (a) 21 (b) 12
x + (x + 1) + ...... (x + 6 ) + (x + 7) = = 12.9
10 (c) 15 (d) 18
8
8x 28 7 Hence, the correct option is (c) Explanation: Required average
= + = x + ....... ( ii )
s:/

8 8 2 7. What is the average of the first six 3(1 + 2 + 3 + .... + 9)

=
Now, (positive) odd numbers each of which is 9
7 5 divisible by 7? 9 × 10
x + −x − =1 (SSC Multi-Tanking Staff Exam. 2013) = = 15
2 2
tp

2×3
Hence, the correct option is (b) (a) 42 (b) 43
Hence, the correct option is (c)
(c) 47 (d) 49
4. If the average of eight consecutive 11. If the average of 6 consecutive even
even numbers be 93, then the greatest
ht

Explanation: Required average numbers is 25, the difference between the

number among them is largest and the smallest number is
(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2015)
7 + 21 + 35 + 49 + 63 + 77
= (SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2013)
(a) 100 (b) 86 6
(a) 8 (b) 10
(c) 102 (d) 98 7 (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11)
= (c) 12 (d) 14
6
Explanation: We know that the average 7 × 36 Explanation:
of 8 consecutive even numbers = 93 = = 42
6 Numbers = x, x + 2, …., x + 10
Also the fifth number = 93 + 1 = 94 Hence, the correct option is (a) Required difference
Therefore, the largest number
= 94 + 6 = 100 8. The average of first five prime num- = x + 10 – x = 10
Hence, the correct option is (a) bers is (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013) Hence, the correct option is (b)

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5.10 Chapter 5

12. The average of 7 consecutive num- Explanation: x + x + 2 + x + 4 + x + 6 18. a, b. c, d. e, f, g are consecutive even
bers is 20. The largest of these numbers is = 15 × 4 numbers. J, k, l m, n are consecutive odd
[SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000 and SSC Constable numbers. The average of all the numbers is
(GD) & Rifleman (GD) Exam. 2012] ⇒ 4x + 12 = 60
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
(a) 24 (b) 23 ⇒ 4x = 60 − 12 = 48 ⎛ a +n⎞ ⎛l +d ⎞
(a) 3 ⎜
⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ ⎟
(b)
(c) 22 (d) 20 48 2 ⎠
⇒ x= = 12
Explanation: The average of 7 consecu- 4 ⎛ a +b +m +n⎞ ⎛ j +c +n + g ⎞
(c) ⎜ ⎟⎠ (d) ⎜ ⎟⎠
tive numbers is 20. Hence, the numbers are 12, 14, 16, 18. ⎝ 4 ⎝ 4
As the numbers are consecutive, therefore ∴ The second highest number is 16. Explanation: If the average of a, b, c, d,
they form an arithmetic series with com-

/
Hence, the correct option is (d) e, f, g is d.
mon difference 1.

m
16. Eight consecutive numbers are given. Also average of j, k, l, m, n, be l.
As, 7 is odd, therefore 20 must be the mid-
If the average of the two numbers that d +l
dle number. Then the required average =
appear in the middle is 6, then the sum of 2
The arithmetic series will be

.co
the eight given numbers is Hence, the correct option is (b)
17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
The largest of these numbers is 23. 19. The average of three consecutive odd
(a) 54 (b) 64 numbers is 12 more than one third of the
Hence, the correct option is (b)
(c) 36 (d) 48 first of these numbers. What is the last of
13. The average of four consecutive even Explanation: Let the first number be x. the three numbers?

dy
numbers is 9. Find the largest number. (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam2011)
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) ∴ x+3+x+4=2×6 (a) 15
(a) 12 (b) 6 ⇒ 2x + 7 = 12 (b) 17
(c) 8 (d) 10 5 (c) 19
⇒ 2x = 5 ⇒ x =
tu 2
Explanation: x + x + 2 + x + 4 + x + 6 (d) Data inadequate
=9×4 ∴x + (x + 1) + …. + (x + 7) Explanation: Let the smallest number be
⇒ 4x + 12 = 36 = 8x + 28 x, then we have
cs
5 x
⇒ 4x = 36 − 12 = 24 = 8 × + 28 = 20 + 28 = 48 + 12 = x + 2
2 3
24 Hence, the correct option is (d) ⇒ x + 36 = 3x + 6
∴ x= x= =6
4 ⇒ 3x – x = 36 − 6
/ss

17. The average of 5 consecutive integers

∴ Largest number starting with ‘m’ is n. What is the average of ⇒ 2x = 30 ⇒ x = 15
= 6 + 6 = 12 6 consecutive integers starting with (m + 2)? ∴ Third number = 15 + 4 = 19
Hence, the correct option is (a) (SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2012) Hence, the correct option is (c)
14. The average of the first five odd mul- 2n + 5
s:/

(a) (b) (n + 2) 20. The average of seven consecutive

tiples of 3 is 2 positive integers is 26. The smallest of
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) 2n + 9 these integers is
(a) 12 (b) 16 (c) (n + 3) (d)
2 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010)
(c) 15 (d) 21
tp

Explanation: (a) 21 (b) 23

Explanation: Average of first five odd m + m + l + m + 2 + m+3 + m + 4 = 5n (c) 25 (d) 26
multiples of 3 ⇒ 5m + 10 = 5n Explanation:
ht

3(1 + 3 + 5 + 9) ⇒ m+2=n ....(i) x+x+l+x+2+x+3+x+4+x+5

= + x + 6 = 26 × 7
5 Required average
3 × 25 ⇒ 7x + 21 = 182
= = 15 m + 2 +m +3+m + 4 +m + 5+m + 6 +m +7
5 = ⇒ 7x = 182 − 21 = 161
6
161
Hence, the correct option is (c) 6m + 27 ⇒ x= = 23
= 7
15. The average of four consecutive even 6 Hence, the correct option is (b)
numbers is 15. The 2nd highest number is 2m + 9 2 (n − 2) + 9 2n + 5
= = = 21. The arithmetic mean (average) of the
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) 2 2 2 first 10 whole numbers is
(a) 12 (b) 18 By (i) [m = n – 2] [SSC CISF ASI Exam2010 (Paper-1)]
(c) 14 (d) 16 Hence, the correct option is (a) (a) 5 (b) 4
(c) 5.5 (d) 4.5

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Average 5.11

Explanation: Required average Number of odd numbers up to 405

⇒ x= = 45
0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + .... + 9 100 9
= = 50 = required average
10 2 Hence, the correct option is (d)
9 × (9 + 1) Hence, the correct option is (b) 26. The average of 5 consecutive natural
= = 4.5
2 × 10 24. The average of the first 100 positive numbers is m. If the next three natural
Hence, the correct option is (d) integers is (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2010) numbers are also included, then how
22. The average of the squares of first ten (a) 100 (b) 51 much more than m will the average of
natural numbers is these 8 numbers be?
(c) 50.5 (d) 49.5 (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2006)
[SSC SAS Exam 26.06.2010 (Paper-1)]
Explanation: Sum of n natural numbers (a) 2 (b) 1

/
(a) 35.5 (b) 36
(c) 1.4 (d) 1.5

m
(c) 37.5 (d) 38.5 n (n + 1)
1 + 2 + 3 + .... + n = Explanation: The average will increase by
Explanation: 2
As,
12 + 22 + 33 + .... + n 2 ( n + 1) ( 2n + 1) Average of these numbers 1+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5

.co
= =3,
n 6 n+2 5
=
2 1+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8
12 + 22 + 32 + ..... + 102 = 4.5
∴ ∴ Required average 8
10
100 + 1 ⇒ 4.5 − 3 = 1.5
(10 + 1)(2 × 10 + 1) = 50.5 Hence, the correct option is (d)

dy
= 2
6 27. The average of first nine prime num-
Hence, the correct option is (c)
11 × 21 bers is (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
= = 38.5 25. The average of nine consecutive odd
6 (a) 9 (b) 11
numbers is 53. The least odd number is
Hence, the correct option is (d)
tu
(SSC DEO Exam. 2008) 2 1
(c) 11 (d) 11
23. The average of odd numbers up to 100 is (a) 22 (b) 27 9 9
(SSC DEO Exam. 2009 &
(c) 35 (d) 45 Explanation: average
SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2010)
cs
(a) 50.5 (b) 50 Explanation: 2 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23
(c) 49.5 (d) 49 x+x+2+x+4+x+6+x+8+x+ =
9
10 + x + 12 + x + 14 + x + 16 = 9 × 53 100 1
Explanation: Average of the first n natu- = = 11
/ss

n ⇒ 9x + 72 = 477 9 9
ral odd numbers =
2 ⇒ 9x = 477 − 72 = 405 Hence, the correct option is (d)
s:/

Section IV — Finding the Monthly Income of x or y or z or x + y or x – y , if the Monthly

Income of Factors ( x, y, or z) are given.
1. The average expenditure of a man for Total annual income of man Total income of C and D
tp

the first five months is ` 1200 and for the = ` (15100 + 2900) = ` (2 × 250) = ` 500
next seven months is ` 1300. If he saves = ` 18000 ∴ Required average
` 2900 in that year, his monthly average
ht

income is Average monthly income of man 400 + 500 900

= = = ` 225
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO & Hence, the correct option is (a) 40 4
PA/SA Exam, 2015]
2. The average income of ‘A’ and ‘B’ is 18000
(a) ` 1500 (b) ` 1600 = = ` 1500
` 200 and the average income of ‘C’ and 12
(c) ` 1700 (d) ` 1400 ‘D’ is ` 250. The average income of A, B, C Hence, the correct option is (d)
Explanation: Total annual expenditure and D is [SSC Constable (GD) Exam, 2015]
of man 3. The average salary of all the workers in
(a) ` 106.25 (b) ` 125
a workshop is ` 8000. The average salary
= ` (5 × 1200 + 7 × 1300) (c) ` 200 (d) ` 225 of 7 technicians is ` 12,000 and the average
= ` (6000 + 9100) Explanation: Total income of A and B salary of the rest is ` 6000. The total num-
= ` (2 × 200) = ` 400 ber of workers in the workshop is
= ` 15100 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2014)

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5.12 Chapter 5

(a) 20 (b) 21 Number of officers = 12 ∴ Required average monthly income

(c) 22 (d) 23 Then we have 38220
∴ 12 × 400 + x × 56 = (x + 12) × 60 = = ` 3185
Explanation: Let the total number of 12
⇒ 4800 + 56x = 60x + 720 Hence, the correct option is (b)
workers be x.
⇒ 60x − 56x = 4800 − 720 8. The average monthly income of X and
Then we have
⇒ 4x = 4080 Y is ` 5050. The average monthly income
∴ 7 × 12000 + (x − 7) × 6000 = 8000 x
4080 of Y and Z is ` 6250 and the average
⇒ 84000 + 6000 × − 42000 = 8000 x ⇒ x= = 1020 monthly income of X and Z is ` 5200. The
4
monthly income of X is
⇒ 8000x − 6000x = 42000 Total number of workers
[SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004

/
= x + 12 and SSC SAS Exam2010 (Paper-I)]
⇒ 2000x = 42000

m
= 1020 + 12 = 1032 (a) ` 4050 (b) ` 3500
42000
⇒ x= = 21 Hence, the correct option is (d)
2000 (c) ` 4000 (d) ` 5000
Hence, the correct option is (b) 6. A man spends ` 1800 monthly on an Explanation:

.co
average for the first four months and X + Y = ` (2 × 5050)
4. The average monthly income of P and
` 2000 monthly for the next eight months = ` 10100 (1)
Q is ` 5, 050. The average monthly income
and saves ` 5600 a year. His average
of Q and R is ` 6250 and the average V + Z = ` (2 × 6250)
monthly income is
monthly income of P and R is ` 5200. The = ` 12500 (2)
(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014)
monthly income of P is z + x = ` (2 × 5200)

dy
(a) ` 2000 (b) ` 2200
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2014)
(c) ` 2400 (d) ` 2600 = ` 10,400 (3)
(a) ` 3500 (b) ` 4000
Adding equations (1) , (2) and (3) we get
(c) ` 4050 (d) ` 5000 Explanation: Total expenditure of man
in a year 2(X + Y + Z)
Explanation: Total monthly income of
tu
= ` (4 × 1800 + 8 × 2000) = ` (10100 + 12500 + 10400)
P and Q
= ` (7200 + 16000) = ` 33000
P + Q = 2 × 5050 = ` 10100 (1) ⇒ X + Y + Z = ` 16500
= ` 23200
cs
Total monthly income of Q and R ∴ X = (X + Y + Z) − (Y + Z)
Q + R = 2 × 6250 = ` 12500 (2) Total annual income of man
= ` (16500 − 12500)
Total monthly income of P and R = (23200 + 5600)
= ` 4000
P + R = 2 × 5200 = ` 10400 (3) = ` 28800 Hence, the correct option is (c)
/ss

Adding (1), (2) and (3) we get, Average monthly income of man 9. The average per day income of A, B
2(P + Q + R) 28800 and C is ` 450. If the average per day
= = ` 2400
= ` (10100 + 12500 + 10400) 12 income of A and B be ` 400 and that of B
Hence, the correct option is (c) and C be ` 430, the per day income of B is
s:/

= ` 33000
(SSC DEO Exam. 2008)
Total monthly income of (P + Q + R) 7. The average monthly expenditure of a
(a) ` 7300 (b) ` 310
33000 family for the first four months is ` 2570,
= for the next three months is ` 2490 and for (c) ` 415 (d) ` 425
2
tp

the last five months is ` 3030. If the family Explanation: Total daily income of A, B
= ` 16500
saves ` 5320 during the whole year, then and C
Therefore, P’s monthly income the average monthly income of the family = 3 × 450 = ` 1350
= ` (16500 − 12500) = ` 4000 during the year is Total daily income of A and B
ht

Hence, the correct option is (b) (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014) = 2 × 400 = ` 800
(a) ` 3000 (b) ` 3185 Total daily income of B and C
5. The average salary, per head of all the
workers of an institution is ` 60. The aver- (c) ` 3200 (d) ` 3580 = 2 × 430 = ` 860
age salary of 12 officers is ` 400; the aver- Explanation: Total annual expenditure Therefore, B’s daily income
age salary per head of the rest is ` 56. The of the family = ` (4 × 2570 + 3 × 2490 + = ` (800 + 860 − 1350) = ` 310
total number of workers in the institution is 5 × 3030) Hence, the correct option is (b)
(SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2014)
(a) 1030 (b) 1035 = ` (10280 + 7470 + 15150) 10. The average monthly income of A
(c) 1020 (d) 1032 = ` 32900 and B is ` 14000, that of B and C is ` 15600
Total income = ` (32900 + 5320) and that of A and C is ` 14,400. The
Explanation: If we assume the number monthly income of C is
of other workers except officers be x. = ` 38220 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002)

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Average 5.13

(a) ` 16000 (b) ` 15000 C + A = 28,800 ... (3) From equation (1),
(c) ` 14000 (d) ` 15500 Adding, equations (1), (2) and (3) we get 28000 + C − 44000
Explanation: 2(A + B + C) = 88000 ⇒ C = 44000 − 28000
A + B = ` 28,000 ... (1) = ` 16000
⇒ A + B + C = 44000
B + C = ` 31,200 ... (2) Hence, the correct option is (a)

Section V — Questions based on Twice, Thrice, One-Third, etc., of Numbers.

1. Of the three numbers, the first is 4 average of all the four numbers is 12, find these 3 numbers is 20, then the sum of the

/
times the second and 3 times the third. If the 4th number. largest and the smallest numbers is

m
the average of all the three numbers is 95, (SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2013) [SSC CPO (SI, ASI & Intelligence Officer)
what is the third number? 48 Exam 2011 (Paper-I)]
(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014, 2015) (a) 16 (b) (a) 24 (b) 42
7

.co
(a) 76 (b) 60 18 (c) 54 (d) 60
(c) 130 (d) 57 (c) 20 (d)
7 Explanation: Third number =x
Explanation: Third number = x, ∴ Second number = 3x
a +b +c
First number = 3x Explanation: = 2d First number = 6x
3
3x Now we have

dy
Second number = ⇒ a + b + c = 6d ..... (i) ∴ 6x + 3x + x = 3 × 20
4
According to the question, Also, ⇒ 10x = 60 ⇒ x = 6
a +b +c +d
= 12 ∴ Required sum = 6x + x = 7x
3x 4
3x + + x = 3 × 95 = 7 × 6 = 42
tu
4 ⇒ a + b + c + d = 48
12x + 3x + 4 x Hence, the correct option is (b)
⇒ = 285 ⇒ 6d + d = 48
4 ⇒ 7d = 48 6. Out of 4 numbers, whose average is 60,
cs
⇒ 19x = 285 × 4 the first one is one-fourth of the sum of
48
285 × 4 ⇒ d= the last three. The first number is
⇒ x= = 60 7 (SSC CGL Tier-1 Exam2011)
19 Hence, the correct option is (b) (a) 15 (b) 45
/ss

Hence, the correct option is (b) (c) 48 (d) 60

4. The average of three numbers is 40.
2. If the arithmetic mean of 3a and 4b is The first number is twice the second and Explanation: Let the first number be x,
greater than 50, and a is twice b, then the the second one is thrice the third number. then,
smallest possible integer value of a is The difference between the largest and 240 − x
x=
the smallest numbers is 4
s:/

(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2015)

(a) 20 (b) 18 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011) ⇒ 4x = 240 − x
(c) 21 (d) 19 (a) 30 (b) 36 ⇒ 5x = 240
(c) 46 (d) 60 240
Explanation: ⇒ x= = 48
tp

5
3a + 4b Explanation: third number = x
> 50 Hence, the correct option is (c)
2 ∴ Second number = 3x
⇒ 3a + 4b > 100 First number = 6x 7. Among three numbers, the first is
ht

twice the second and thrice the third. If

4a We have
⇒ 3a + > 100 [∵ a = 2b ] 6x + 3x + x the average of the three numbers is 49.5,
2 ∴ = 40 then the difference between the first and
3
⇒ 3a + 2a > 100 the third number is
⇒ 10x = 120 ⇒ x = 12 (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam2011)
⇒ 5a > 100 (a) 54 (b) 28
∴ Required difference
⇒ a > 20 (c) 39.5 (d) 41.5
= 6x – x = 5x = 5 × 12 = 60
∴ Minimum value of a = 21 Explanation: Second number = x
Hence, the correct option is (d)
Hence, the correct option is (c) First number = 2x
5. Of the three numbers, the first number
3. The average of the first three numbers is twice the second and the second is 2x
is double the fourth number. If the Third number =
thrice the third number. If the average of 3

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5.14 Chapter 5

Now we have 168 (a) 4.5 (b) 5

2x ⇒ x= = 24
2x + x + =49.5 × 3 7 (c) 2 (d) 4
3
⇒ 6x + 3x + 2x =49.5 × 9 = 445.5 ∴ Third number = 2 × 24 = 48 Explanation: Let the numbers be a, b,
⇒ 11x = 445.5 Hence, the correct option is (a) and c.
445.5 a +b +c
10. Out of three numbers, the first is = 3d
⇒ x= = 40.5 3
11 twice the second and is half of the third. If
∴ Required difference the average of the three numbers is 56, ⇒ a + b + c = 9d
2x 4 x then the difference of first and third num- Again, we have
= 2x − =
3 3 ber is (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005) a +b +c +d
=5

/
4 × 40.5 (a) 12 (b) 20 4
= = 54

m
3 (c) 24 (d) 48 ⇒ a + b + c + d = 20
Hence, the correct option is (a) ⇒ 9d + d = 20
Explanation: If the numbers are 2x, x and
8. Of the three numbers, the second is 4x respectively then we have ⇒ 10d = 20 ⇒ d = 2

.co
twice the first and also thrice the third. If 2x + x + 4 x Hence, the correct option is (c)
the average of the three numbers is 44, the ∴ Average =
3 13. Of the three numbers, the first is
largest number is
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002 & SSC CGL 7x twice the second and the second is 3 times
⇒ = 56
Prelim Exam. 2008) 3 the third. If their average is 100, the larg-

dy
(a) 24 (b) 72 est of the three numbers is
3 × 56
(c) 36 (d) 108 ⇒ x= = 24 (SSC CGL. Prelim Exam. 2004)
7
(a) 120 (b) 150
Explanation: Let third number be x. ∴ First number
Second number = 3x = 2x = 2 × 24 = 48 (c) 180 (d) 300
tu
3x Third number = 4x Explanation: Third number = x
and first number =
2 = 4 × 24 = 96 ∴ Second number = 3x
Now, we have
3x ∴ Required difference First number = 6x
cs
x + 3x + = 3 × 44
2 = 96 − 48 = 48 ∴ (x + 3x + 6x) = 100 × 3
8x + 3x Hence, the correct option is (d) ⇒ 10x = 300
⇒ = 3 × 44
2 ⇒ x = 30
/ss

⇒ 11x = 6 × 44 11. The average of three numbers is 77.

The first number is twice the second and ∴ The largest number = 6x
6 × 44
⇒ x= = 24 the second number is twice the third. The = 6 × 30 = 180
11 first number is
∴ The largest number Hence, the correct option is (c)
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005)
s:/

= 3x = 3 × 24 = 72 14. Of the three numbers, the first is

(a) 33 (b) 66
Hence, the correct option is (b) twice the second and the second is thrice
(c) 77 (d) 132
9. The average of three numbers is 28, the third. If the average of the three num-
the first number is half of the second, the Explanation: Third number = x bers is 10, the largest number is
tp

third number is twice the second, then the ∴ Second number = 2x (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
third number is [SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2006] First number = 4x (a) 12 (b) 15
(a) 48 (b) 36 Now,
(c) 18 (d) 30
x + 2x + 4x = 3 × 77
ht

(c) 24 (d) 18
⇒ 7x = 3 × 77 Explanation: Third number = x
Explanation: Second number = x
3 × 77 ∴ Second number = 3x
x ⇒ x= = 33
First number = 7 First number = 6x
2
Third number = 2x ∴ First number = 33 × 4 = 132 Now,
According to the question, Hence, the correct option is (d) x + 3x + 6x
= 10
x 3
+ x + 2x = 28 × 3 12. The average of first three numbers is
2 thrice the fourth number. If the average of ⇒ 10x = 30 ⇒ x = 3
x + 2x + 4 x all the four numbers is 5, then find the The largest number
⇒ = 28 × 3 fourth number.
2 = 6x = 6 × 3 = 18
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002 and SSC CGL
⇒ 7x = 28 × 3 × 2 Prelim Exam. 2005) Hence, the correct option is (c)

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Average 5.15

15. Of the three numbers, the first is 3 ∴ Required difference 21 × 3

times the second and the third is 5 times ⇒ 15x − x = 14x = 14 × 9 = 126 ⇒ x= =9
7
the first. If the average of the three num- Hence, the correct option is (c) Hence, the correct option is (a)
bers is 57, the difference between the
largest and the smallest number is 16. Of the three numbers, the first is 17. Of the three numbers whose average
twice the second and the second is twice is 60, the first is one fourth of the sum of
(SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
the third. The average of three numbers is the others. The first number is
(a) 9 (b) 18 21. The smallest of the three numbers is (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1999)
(c) 126 (d) 135 (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
(a) 30 (b) 36
Explanation: Second number = x (a) 9 (b) 6
(c) 42 (d) 45
(c) 12 (d) 18

/
∴ The first number = 3x Explanation: x + y + z = 180
Explanation: Let the third number be x.

m
and the third number = 15x
∴ The second number = 2x and the third 1
Now, x= (y + z)
number 4
x + 3x + 15x
= 2 × 2x = 4x ⇒ 4x = y + z

.co
= 3 × 57
According to the question, ⇒ 5x = 180,
⇒ 19x = 3 × 57
4 x + 2x + x ∴ x = 36
3 × 57 = 21
⇒ x= =9 3 Hence, the correct option is (b)
19 ⇒ 7x = 21 × 3

(a) 87 dy
Section VI — Finding the correct Average when there was some mistake done earlier
1. The average marks of a class of 35 chil- (b) 85 (a) 54 (b) 53.5
tu
dren is 35. The marks of one of the stu- (c) 84 (d) 86 (c) 53 (d) 52.5
dents, who got 35, was incorrectly entered
as 65. What is the correct average of the Explanation: Correct sum of marks ob- Explanation: Difference of correct and
cs
class? tained by the student incorrect marks = 64 − 46 = 18
[SSC SI & Assistant SI (CISF) Prelim Exam. 2016] = 88 × 6 − 86 + 68 ∴ Correct mean
(a) 34.14 (b) 38.14 = 528 − 86 + 68 = 510 18
= 52 + = 52.5
/ss

(c) 28.20 (d) 42.21 36

510
∴ Correct average = = 85
Hence, the correct option is (d)
Explanation: If we assume the total 6
number of marks obtained by 34 students Hence, the correct option is (b) 5. The average of 50 numbers is 38. If two
be x. numbers, namely 45 and 55 are discarded,
3. The average of 20 numbers is calcu-
s:/

When marks of 1 student was incorrectly lated as 35. It is discovered later, that the average of the remaining numbers is
entered as 65, then we have while calculating the average, one num- [SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 28.10.2014]
Average marks ber, namely 85, was read as 45. The cor- (a) 37.5 (b) 37.9
Total Marks rect average is (c) 36.5 (d) 37.0
tp

=
Total number of children (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014, 2015)
Explanation: Sum of 50 numbers
x + 65 (a) 36.5 (b) 37
⇒ 35 = ⇒ x = 1160 = 50 × 38 = 1900
35 (c) 37.5 (d) 36
Sum of 48 numbers
ht

Correct average marks Explanation: Correct sum of 20 numbers

= 1900 − 45 − 55 = 1800
x + 35 1160 + 35 1195 = 20 × 35 − 45 + 85
= = = ≡ 34.14 ∴ Required average
35 35 35 = 700 + 40 = 740
740 1800
Hence, the correct option is (a). ∴ Correct average = = 37 = = 37.5
20 48
2. The average marks obtained by a stu- Hence, the correct option is (a)
dent in 6 subjects is 88. On subsequent Hence, the correct option is (b)
verification it was found that the marks 4. The average marks secured by 36 stu- 6. The average marks obtained by 40 stu-
obtained by him in a subject was wrongly dents were 52. But it was discovered that dents of a class is 86. If the 5 highest marks
copied as 86 instead of 68. The correct an item 64 was misread as 46. What is the are removed, the average reduces by one
average of the marks obtained by him is correct mean of marks? mark. The average marks of the top 5 stu-
(SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2016) (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2014)
dents is (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2014)

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5.16 Chapter 5

(a) 92 (b) 96 10. A boy found that the average of 20 number of candidates who took the exam
(c) 93 (d) 97 numbers is 35 when he writes a number was (SSC Assistant Grade-III Exam. 2012)

Explanation: Sum of marks of top 5 stu- ‘61’ instead of ‘16’. The correct average of (a) 200 (b) 210
dents = 40 × 86 − 35 × 85 20 numbers is (c) 240 (d) 180
(SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI &: DP SI Exam. 2014)
= 3440 − 2975 = 465 Explanation: Let the number of candidates
(a) 32.75 (b) 37.25
465 be x, then
∴ Their average = = 93 (c) 34.75 (d) 34.25
5 60x − 45x = 30 × 100
Hence, the correct option is (c) Explanation: Correct average
⇒ 15x = 3000
⎛ 61 − 16 ⎞
= 35 − ⎜
⎝ 20 ⎟⎠
7. The average of six numbers is 20. If ⇒ x = 200

/
one number is removed, the average Hence, the correct option is (a)

m
becomes 15. What is the removed 45
= 35 = 35 − 2.25 14. The average weight of 12 crewmen in
number? 20
(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014) 1
= 32.75 a boat is increased by kg, when one of

.co
(a) 5 (b) 35 3
Hence, the correct option is (a) the crewmen whose weight is 55 kg is
(c) 112 (d) 45
11. The average of 9 Integers is found to replaced by a new man. What is the
Explanation: Required number = Sum weight of that new man?
be 11. But after the calculation, it was
of six numbers − Sum of five numbers (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
detected that, by mistake, the integer 23
= 6 × 20 − 15 × 5 was copied as 32, while calculating the (a) 58 kg (b) 60 kg

dy
= 120 − 75 = 45 average. After the due correction is made, (c) 57 kg (d) 59 kg
Hence, the correct option is (d) the new average will be
[SSC Constable (GD) Exam. 2013] Explanation: Weight of the new man
8. The mean of 20 items is 55. If two
(a) 10 (b) 9 1
items such as 45 and 30 are removed, the = 55 + × l2 = 59 kg
tu
new mean of the remaining items is (c) 10.1 (d) 9.5 3
Hence, the correct option is (d)
(SSC CGL Tier-I Re Exam. 2013, 2014) Explanation: Sum of 9 integers
(a) 65 1 (b) 65 3 15. The average weight of the 8 boats-1
cs
= 9 × 11 = 99
(c) 56.9 (d) 56 1
New average men in boat is increased by 1 kg when
2
Explanation: Sum of 18 items 90 + 23 − 32 90 one of the crew who weighs 60 kg is
= = = 10
= 55 × 20 − 45 – 30 9 9
/ss

replaced by a new man. The weight of the

= 1100 − 75 = 1025 Hence, the correct option is (a) new man (in kg) is
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
1025 12. The average of 10 items was found to
∴ Required average = (a) 70 kg (b) 68 kg
18 be 80 but while calculating, one of the
(c) 71 kg (d) 72 kg
s:/

= 56.9 items was counted as 60 instead of 50.

Hence, the correct option is (c) Then the correct average would have Explanation: Weight of the new boatman
been (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
9. The average marks obtained by 22 3
(a) 69 (b) 79.25 = 60 + 8 ×
candidates in an examination are 45. The 2
tp

average marks of the first 10 candidates (c) 79 (d) 79.5 = 60 + 12 = 72 kg

are 55 and those of the last eleven are 40. Explanation: Corrected mean Hence, the correct option is (d)
The number of marks obtained by the
80 × 10 − 60 + 50 16. The average of seven numbers is 18.
ht

eleventh candidate is =
(SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014) 10 If one of the numbers is 17 and if it is
800 − 10 790 replaced by 31, then the average becomes
(a) 45 (b) 0 = = = 79
(c) 50 (d) 47.5 10 10 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
Hence, the correct option is (c) (a) 21.5 (b) 19.5
Explanation: Marks obtained by eleventh (c) 20 (d) 21
13. In an exam, the average marks
candidate
obtained by the students was found to be
= 22 × 45 − (10 × 55 + 11 × 40) Explanation: Difference = 31 − 17 = 14
60. After the omission of computational
= 990 − (550 + 440) errors, the average marks of 100 candi- ∴ Required average
= 990 − 990 = 0 dates had to be changed from 60 to 30 and 14
the average with respect to all the exam- = 18 + = 20
Hence, the correct option is (b) 7
inees came down to 45 marks. The total Hence, the correct option is (c)

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Average 5.17

17. The mean of 100 items was 46. Later 18 (a) 12.6 (b) 14
∴ Actual average = 58 +
on it was discovered that an item 16 was 100 (c) 15 (d) 13.8
misread as 61 and another item 43 was = 58.18
misread as 34. It was also found that the Explanation: Difference of two observa-
Hence, the correct option is (a) tions
number of items were 90 and not 100.
Then what is the correct mean? 21. The mean of 10 numbers is 30. Later = 73 − 48 = 25
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2012) on it was observed that the numbers 15, 23 25
New average =13 + = 14
(a) 50 (b) 50.7 are wrongly taken as 51, 32. The correct 25
mean is Hence, the correct option is (b)
(c) 52 (d) 52.7
[SSC CPO (SI, ASI & intelligence Officer) Exam
Explanation: Required average 2011 (Paper-I)] 25. The average of 18 observations is

/
100 × 46 − 61 − 34 + 16 + 43 (a) 25.5 (b) 32 recorded as 124. Later it was found that

m
= (c) 30 (d) 34-5 two observations with values 64 and 28
90
were entered wrongly as 46 and 82. Find
4600 − 36 4564 Explanation: Difference the correct average of the 18 observations.
= = = 50.7
90 90

.co
= 15 + 23 − 51 − 32 = − 45 (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam2011)
Hence, the correct option is (b) 7
∴ Correct average (a) 111 (b) 122
18. The mean value of 20 observations 45 9
= 30 − = 25.5 3
was found to be 75, but later on it was 10 (c) 123 (d) 137
detected that 97 was misread as 79. Find 9
Hence, the correct option is (a)
Explanation: Difference in observations

dy
the correct mean.
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011) 22. The mean of 50 numbers is 30. Later
= 64 + 28 − 46 − 82 = − 36
(a) 75.7 (b) 75.8 it was discovered that two entries were
wrongly entered as 82 and 13 instead of ∴ Correct average
(c) 75.9 (d) 75.6 36
28 and 31. Find the correct mean.
= 124 − = 122
tu
Explanation: Difference = 97 − 79 = 18 (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam 2011) 18
18 (a) 36.12 (b) 30.66 Hence, the correct option is (b)
True average = 75 +
20 (c) 29.28 (d) 38.21 26. The average weight of a group of
cs
= 75.9 Explanation: Required average 20 boys was calculated to be 89.4 kg and it
Hence, the correct option is (c) (28 + 31 − 82 − 13) was later discovered that one weight was
= 30 + misread as 78 kg instead of 87 kg. The
19. The mean of 20 items is 47. Later it is 50
/ss

correct average weight is

found that the item 62 is wrongly written ⎛ 36 ⎞
= 30 + ⎜ − ⎟ (SSC CGL, Tier-I Exam 2011)
as 26. Find the correct mean. ⎝ 50 ⎠
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
(a) 88.95 kg (b) 89.25 kg
= 30 − 0.72 = 29.28
(a) 48-8 (b) 47-7 (c) 89.55 kg (d) 89.85 kg
Hence, the correct option is (c)
s:/

(c) 49-9 (d) 46-6 Explanation: Difference in weight

23. The average of 27 numbers is 60. If = 87 − 78 = 9 kg
Explanation: Difference = 62 − 26 = 36 one number is changed from 28 to 82, the ∴ Correct average weight
∴ Required average average is
[SSC CISF Constable (GD) Exam. 2011] 9
tp

36 = 89.4 +
= 47 + 20
20 (a) 56 (b) 58
= 47 + 1.8 = 48.8 (c) 62 (d) 64 = 89.4 + 0.45 = 89.85 kg
Hence, the correct option is (d)
ht

Hence, the correct option is (a) Explanation: Difference of numbers

20. A tabulator while calculating the = 82 − 28 = 54 27. In an examination, the average of
average marks of 100 students of an exam- ∴ Required average marks was found to be 50. For deducting
ination, by mistake enters 68, instead of 86 54 marks for computational errors, the marks
and obtained the average as 58; the actual = 60 + = 62 of 100 candidates had to be changed from
27 90 to 60 each and so the average of marks
average marks of those students is Hence, the correct option is (c)
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
came down to 45. The total number of
24. The average of 25 observations is 13. candidates who appeared at the examina-
(a) 58.18 (b) 57.82
It was later found that an observation 73 tion was [SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2010 (Paper-I)]
(c) 58.81 (d) 57.28
was wrongly entered as 48. The new aver- (a) 600 (b) 300
Explanation: Difference = 86 − 68 = 18 age is (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam2011) (c) 200 (d) 150

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5.18 Chapter 5

Explanation: Let the total number of Explanation: Difference of numbers 34. There are 50 students in a class, one
candidates be x. = 64 – 46 = 18 of them weighing 50 kg goes away and a
18 new student joins. By this the average
∴ 50x − 30 × 100 = 45x Correct average = 50 − 1
10 weight of the class increases by kg. The
⇒ 5x = 3000 2
= 50 − 1.8 = 48.2
3000 weight of the new student is
⇒ x= = 600 Hence, the correct option is (a) (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004)
5
31. The average marks of 100 students (a) 70 kg (b) 72 kg
Hence, the correct option is (a)
were found to be 40. Later on it was dis- (c) 75 kg (d) 76 kg
28. A student finds the average of ten 2 covered that a score of 53 was misread as
Explanation: Total weight increased

/
digit numbers. While copying numbers, 83. Find the correct average correspond-
by mistake, he writes one number with its

m
ing to the correct score. 1
digits interchanged. As a result his answer = × 50 =25 kg
(SSC CPO SI, Exam. 2009) 2
is 1.8 less than the correct answer. The (a) 38.7 (b) 39 ∴ Weight of the new man
difference of the digits of the number, in

.co
(c) 38.7 (d) 41 = 50 + 25 = 75 kg
which he made mistake, is
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010) Explanation: Total of correct marks Hence, the correct option is (c)
(a) 2 (b) 3 = 100 × 40 − 83 + 53 = 3970 35. Average weight of 25 persons is
(c) 4 (d) 6 ∴ Correct average marks increased by 1 kg when one man weighing
3970

dy
Explanation: Difference in average = 1.8 60 kg is replaced by a new person. Weight
= =39.70
100 of the new person is
∴ Difference between the number and
Hence, the correct option is (c) (SSC CPO, Prelim Exam. 2004)
the number formed by interchanging the
digits (a) 50 kg (b) 61 kg
32. The average weight of 15 students in
(c) 86 kg (d) 85 kg
tu
= 18 × 10 = 18 a class increases by 1.5 kg when one of the
(∵ 53 – 35 = 18) students weighing 40 kg is replaced by a Explanation: Total weight increased
∴ Number = 35 new student. What is the weight (in kg) of
= 1 × 25 = 25 kg
the new student? (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2009)
cs
∴ Difference of digits = 5 – 3 = 2 ∴ Weight of new person
(a) 64.5 kg (b) 56 kg
Hence, the correct option is (a) = 60 + 25 = 85 kg
(c) 60 kg (d) 62.5 kg
29. The average of 10 numbers is calcu- Hence, the correct option is (d)
/ss

lated as 15. It is discovered later on that Explanation: Weight of the new student
36. The average of a collection of 20
while calculating the average, one num- = (40 + 15 × 1.5) kg
measurements was calculated to be 56 cm.
ber, namely 36, was wrongly read as 26. = (40 + 22.5) kg But later it was found that a mistake had
The correct average is
= 62.5 kg occurred in one of the measurements
s:/

(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010)

which was recorded as 64 cm, but it should
Hence, the correct option is (d)
(a) 20 (b) 18 have been 61 cm. The correct average
(c) 16 (d) 14 33. The average of marks in Mathematics must be (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
for 5 students was found to be 50. Later, it (a) 53 cm (b) 54.5 cm
Explanation: Correct total of 10 numbers
tp

was discovered that in the case of one stu- (c) 55.85 cm (d) 56.15 cm
= 15 × 10 − 26 + 36 dent the marks 48 were misread as 84.
The correct average is Explanation: Total length of 20 meas-
= 160 urements = 56 × 20 = 1120 cm
ht

(SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2005)

160 (a) 40.2 (b) 40.8
∴ Correct average = = 16 Correct length of 20 measurements
10 (c) 42.8 (d) 48.2 = 1120 − 64 + 61 = 1117
Hence, the correct option is (c)
Explanation: Total marks obtained by 5 1117
30. While finding the average of 10 given Correct average =
students = 50 × 5 = 250 20
numbers, a student, by mistake, wrote 64 = 55.85 cm
Now, in this total marks, 84 is included
in place of a number 46 and got his cor-
instead of 48. Hence, the correct option is (c)
rect average 50. The correct average of
the given numbers is Correct total marks = 250 − 84 + 48 = 214
37. The mean of 50 observations was 36.
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010) 214 It was found later that an observation 48
Correct average = 42.8
(a) 48.2 (b) 48.3 5 was wrongly taken as [Link] corrected
(c) 49.1 (d) 49.3 Hence, the correct option is (c) (new) mean is (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003)

[Link]
 [Link]

Average 5.19

(a) 35.2 (b) 36.1 Again, = 30 + 20 × 0.75

(c) 36.5 (d) 39.1 A + B + C + D = 80 × 4 = 320 kg = 30 kg + 15 kg = 45 kg
Explanation: The sum of 50 observa- ∴ D = (320 − 252) kg = 68 kg Hence, the correct option is (c)
tions = 50 × 38 = 1800 E = 68 + 3 = 71 kg 40. The average marks of 14 students
The correct mean were calculated as 71. But it was later
B + C + D + E = 79 × 4 = 316 kg
1800 − 23 + 48 found that the marks of one student had
= Now, been wrongly entered as 42 instead of 56
50 (A + B + C + D) − (B + C + D + E) and of another as 74 instead of 32. The
1825 correct average is
= = 36.5 = (320 − 316) kg
50

/
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000)
Hence, the correct option is (c) ∴ A − E = 4 kg (a) 67 (b) 68

m
38. The average weight of three men A, B or A = 4 + E = 4 + 71 = 75 kg (c) 69 (d) 71
and C is 84 kg. D joins them and the aver- Hence, the correct option is (c) Explanation:
age weight of the four becomes 80 kg. If E

.co
whose weight is 3 kg more than that of D, 39. The average weight of 20 students in Total marks = 71 × 14 = 994
replaces A, the average weight of B, C, D a class is increased by 0.75 kg when one of Correct total marks
and E becomes 79 kg. The weight of A is the students weighing 30 kg is replaced by
= 994 + (56 − 42) + (32 − 74)
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003)
a new student. Weight of the new student
(in kg) is (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000) = 994 + 14 − 42 = 966

dy
(a) 65 kg. (b) 70 kg. (a) 35 (b) 40 966
(c) 75 kg. (d) 80 kg. (c) 45 (d) 50 ∴ Required average = = 69
14
Explanation: Total weight of A, B and Explanation: Required answer Hence, the correct option is (c)
C = 84 × 3 = 252 kg
tu
Section VII — Cricket Based Questions
cs
1. A batsman makes a score of 87 runs in ⇒ x = 418 − 320 = 98 scores 120 runs and thereby increases his
the 17th innings and thus increases his Hence, the correct option is (d) average by 5 runs. His new average is
average by 3. Find his average after 17th (SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2013)
/ss

innings. (SSC Constable (GD) Exam. 2015) 3. A cricketer whose bowling average is (a) 60 (b) 62
(a) 39 (b) 87 12.4 runs per wicket takes 5 wickets for
(c) 65 (d) 66
(c) 90 (d) 84 26 runs and thereby decreases his average
by 0.4. The number of wickets taken by Explanation: If we assume Sachin’s new
Explanation: Average runs in 16 innings him till the last match was average = x runs
s:/

(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2014) Total runs in 11 innings
= 87 − 17 × 3 = 87 − 51 = 36
(a) 64 (b) 72 = 11 (x − 5)
∴ Required average
(c) 80 (d) 85 ∴ 11 (x − 5) + 120 =12x
= 36 + 3 = 39 runs
tp

Hence, the correct option is (a) Explanation: Required number of wickets ∴ 12x – 11x = 65
= x (assume) ∴ x = 65 runs
2. The average run of a player is 32 out of
According to question, Hence, the correct option is (c)
ht

10 innings. How many runs must he make

in the next innings so as to increase his 12.4 × x + 26 = (x + 5) (12.4 − 0.4) 5. The batting average for 30 innings of a
average by 6? = (x + 5) × 12 cricket player is 40 runs. His highest score
(SSC CAPFs S1. CISF ASI & DP SI Exam. 2015) exceeds his lowest score by 100 runs.
⇒ 12.4x + 26= 12x + 60
(a) 38 (b) 40 If these two innings are not included, the
⇒ 12.4x − 12x = 60 − 26 average of the remaining 28 innings is
(c) 6 (d) 98
⇒ 0.4x = 34 38 runs. The lowest score of the player is
Explanation: If we assume runs scored 34 340 (SSC CAPFs SI & CISF ASI Exam. 2013)
in the next innings is x. ⇒ x= = = 85
0.4 4 (a) 15 (b) 18
According to the question, Hence, the correct option is (d) (c) 20 (d) 12
10 × 32 + x = 11 × 38 Explanation: If we assume Lowest score = x
4. Sachin Tendulkar has a certain aver-
⇒ 320 + x = 418 age for 11 innings. In the 12th innings he Highest score = x + 100

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5.20 Chapter 5

∴ 28 × 38 + x + x + 100 = 30 × 40 9. A cricketer has a mean score of 60 runs If these two innings are excluded, the
in 10 innings. Find out how many runs are average of the remaining 38 innings is 48
⇒ 1064 + 2x + 100 = 1200
to be scored in the eleventh innings to runs. The highest score of the player is
⇒ 2x = 1200 − 1164 = 36 raise the mean score to 62? (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) (a) 165 runs (b) 170 runs
⇒ x = 18
(a) 83 (b) 82 (c) 172 runs (d) 174 runs
Hence, the correct option is (b)
(c) 80 (d) 81
6. A cricket player after playing 10 tests Explanation: If we assume the highest
scored 100 runs in the 11th test. As a Explanation: Required runs score be x.
result, the average of his runs is increased = 60 + 11 × 2 = 82 runs ∴ Lowest score will be = x − 172

/
by 5. The present average of runs is
Hence, the correct option is (b) ∴ x + x − 172 = 40 × 50 − 38 × 48

m
(SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
(a) 45 (b) 40 10. The batting average of a cricket ⇒ 2x − 172 = 2000 − 1824
(c) 50 (d) 55 player for 64 innings is 62 runs. His high-
est score exceeds his lowest score by = 176

.co
Explanation: If we assume average in 10 180 runs. Excluding these two innings, the ⇒ 2x = 176 + 172 = 348
tests be x, then we have average of remaining innings becomes
348
60 runs. His highest score was ∴ x= = 174
x × 10 + 100 ≈ (x + 5) × 11 2
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
11x − 10x = 100 − 55 (a) 180 runs (b) 209 runs Hence, the correct option is (d)

dy
⇒ x = 45 (c) 212 runs (d) 214 runs 13. A cricketer has a certain average of
∴ Required average = 50 runs for his 8 innings. In the ninth innings,
Explanation: If we assume the cricketer’s
Hence, the correct option is (c) he scores 100 runs, thereby increases his
highest score be x runs.
average by 9 runs. His new average of
tu
7. A batsman in his 12th innings makes a ∴ 60 × 62 + x + x − 180 = 64 × 62 runs is (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2008)
score of 63 runs and thereby increases his
⇒ 3720 + 2x − 180 = 3968 (a) 20 (b) 24
average scores by 2. What is his average
after the 12th innings? (c) 28 (d) 32
⇒ 2x = 428
cs
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) Explanation: If we assume the average
⇒ x = 214 runs
(a) 13 (b) 39 of runs of the cricketer in 8 innings be x.
Hence, the correct option is (d)
(c) 49 (d) 87 According to the question,
/ss

11. A cricket batsman had a certain average

Explanation: Extra runs = 12 × 2 =24 of runs for his 11 innings. In the 12th innings, 8x + 100
=x +9
∴ Required average = 63 − 24 = 39 he made a score of 90 runs and thereby his 9
Hence, the correct option is (b) average of runs was decreased by 5. His ⇒ 8x + 100 = 9x + 81
average of runs after 12th innings is
s:/

8. In a 20 over match, the required run ⇒ x = 100 − 81 = 19

(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010 &
rate to win is 7.2. If the run rate is 6 at the (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC) Exam. 2011) ∴ New average of runs = 19 + 9
end of the 15th over, the required run rate (a) 155 (b) 150 = 28
to win the match is (c) 145 (d) 140
tp

Hence, the correct option is (c)

(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
(a) 1.2 (b) 13.2 Explanation: If we assume the batsman’s 14. A cricketer had a certain average of
(c) 10.8 (d) 12 average in 11 innings be x runs. runs for his 64 innings. In his 65th innings,
ht

11x + 90 he is bowled out for no score on his part.

Explanation: Total runs = 20 × 7.2 = 144 ∴ = x −5 This brings down his average by 2 runs.
12
Total runs in 15 overs His new average of runs is
⇒ 11x + 90 = 12x − 60 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008)
= 15 × 6 = 90
⇒ x = 150 (a) 130 (b) 128
Runs to be scored in the next 5 overs
∴ Required average = 150 − 5 (c) 70 (d) 68
= 144 − 90 = 54
= 145 Explanation: Let the cricketer’s average
∴ Required run-rate
Hence, the correct option is (c) of runs for his 64 innings be x runs.
54
= 10.8 ∴ Total number of runs in 64 innings
5 12. The batting average for 40 innings of
a cricket player is 50 runs. His highest = 64x
Hence, the correct option is (c)
score exceeds his lowest score by 172 runs.

[Link]
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Average 5.21

According to the question, 16. The average of runs scored by a 18. A cricketer whose bowling average is
64 x + 0 player in 10 innings is 50. How many runs 24.85 runs per wicket takes 5 wickets for
= x −2 should he score in the 11th innings so that 52 runs and thereby decreases his average
65
his average is increased by 2 runs? by 0.85. The number of wickets taken by
⇒ 64x = 65x − 130 (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2004) him till the last match was
⇒ x = 130 (a) 80 runs (b) 72 runs (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000)

∴ New average of runs = x − 2 (c) 60 runs (d) 54 runs (a) 64 (b) 72

= 130 − 2 = 128 (c) 80 (d) 96
Explanation: If we assume the number
Hence, the correct option is (b) of runs scored in 11th innings be x. Explanation: If we assume the number
of wickets taken till the last match be n.

/
15. The bowling average of a cricketer ∴ 10 × 50 + x = 11 × 52

m
was 12.4. He improves his bowling average ∴ Total runs at 24.85 runs per wicket
by 0.2 points when he takes 5 wickets for ⇒ 500 + x = 572
= 24.85n
26 runs in his last match. The number of ⇒ x = 572 − 500 = 72 runs Total runs after the current match
wickets taken by him before the last match Hence, the correct option is (b)

.co
= 24.85n + 52
was (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008)
(a) 125 (b) 150 17. The average of runs of a cricket Total number of wickets after the current
player of 10 innings was 32. How many match = n + 5
(c) 175 (d) 200
runs must he make in his next inning so as Bowling average after the current match
Explanation: If we assume the number to increase his average of runs by 4?
24.85n + 52

dy
of wickets taken by the cricketer before (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004) ⇒ = 24.85 − 0.85
the last match be x n +5
(a) 76 (b) 70
According to the question, (c) 4 (d) 2 24.85n + 52
∴ = 24
12.4 x + 26 n +5
Explanation: If the batsman make x runs.
= 12.2
tu
x +5 or 24.85n + 52 = 24n + 120
Total runs in 10 innings = 10 × 32 = 320
⇒ 12.4x + 26 = 12.2x + 61 320 + x or 0.85n = 120 − 52
⇒ 0.2x = 61 − 26 = 35 ∴ = 32 + 4
11 68
cs
⇒ 320 + x = 36 × 11 or n= = 80
35 350 0.85
⇒ x= = = 175
0.2 2 ⇒ x = 396 − 320 = 76 Hence, the correct option is (c)
Hence, the correct option is (c)
/ss

Hence, the correct option is (a)

Section VIII — Finding the Missing Number When There Has Been Some
s:/

Change in Given Average

1. A student finds the average of ten 2 ⇒ 9(y − x) = 36 1800
digit numbers. If the digits of one of the = = 37.5
36 48
tp

numbers are interchanged, the average ⇒ y–x= =4

9 Hence, the correct option is (c)
increases by 3.6. The difference between
the digits of 2 digit numbers is Hence, the correct option is (a) 3. Average weight of 25 students of a
ht

(SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2014) 2. The average of 50 numbers is 38. If class is 50 kg. If the weight of the class
(a) 4 (b) 3 two numbers namely 45 and 55 are dis- teacher is included, the average is
(c) 2 (d) 5 carded, then the average of the remaining increased by 1 kg. The weight of the
numbers is teacher is
Explanation: Total increase = 3.6 × 10 = 36 (SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013) (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
If we assume the number be 10x + y, (a) 35 (b) 32.5 (a) 76 kg (b) 77 kg
Then number obtained after reversing the (c) 74 kg (d) 75 kg
(c) 37.5 (d) 36
digits will be = 10y + x
Now we have Explanation: Required average Explanation: Weight of the teacher
∴ 10y + x − 10x − y = 36 38 × 50 − 45 − 55 = 50 + 26 × 1 = 76 kg
= Hence, the correct option is (a)
⇒ 9y − 9x = 36 48

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5.22 Chapter 5

4. If the mean of 4 observations is 20, Explanation: Required number = 2250 − 2200.1 = 49.9 kg
when a constant ‘C’ is added to each = 5 × 140 − 4 × 130 Hence, the correct option is (c)
observation, the mean becomes 22. The =700 − 520 = 180
value of C is 11. The average of five numbers is 7.
Hence, the correct option is (c) When three new numbers are included,
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
8. The average of six numbers is 32. If each the average of the eight numbers becomes
(a) 6 (b) −2
of the first three numbers is increased by 2 8.5. The average of three new numbers is
(c) 2 (d) 4 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010)
and each of the remaining three numbers is
Explanation: 4C = 22 × 4 − 20 × 4 decreased by 4, then the new average is (a) 9 (b) 10.5
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011) (c) 11 (d) 11.5
= 88 − 80 = 8

/
(a) 35 (b) 34
8 Explanation: Sum of the three new
⇒ C = =2 (c) 31 (d) 30

m
4 numbers
Hence, the correct option is (c) Explanation: Change = 2 × 3 − 3 × 4 = − 6 = 8 × 8.5 – 5 × 7 = 68 − 35 = 33
5. The mean weight of 34 students of a 6 33
∴ New average = 32 − = 31

.co
∴ Required average = = 11
school is 42 kg. If the weight of teacher be 6 3
included, the mean rises by 400 grams. Hence, the correct option is (c) Hence, the correct option is (c)
Find the weight of teacher (in kg). 9. In a class, the average score of girls in 12. The average of 6 observations is 45.5.
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
an examination is 73 and that of boys is 71. If one new observation is added to the
(a) 55 kg (b) 57 kg The average score for the whole class is

dy
previous observations, then the new aver-
(c) 66 kg (d) 56 kg 71.8. Find the percentage of girls. age becomes 47. The new observation is
[SSC Multi-Tasking (Non-Technical) (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007)
Explanation: Weight of the teacher Staff Exam. 2011)
(a) 58 (b) 56
35 × 400 (a) 40% (b) 50%
(c) 50 (d) 46
= 42 kg + kg
tu
1000 (c) 55% (d) 60%
= 42 + 14 = 56 kg. Explanation: If we assume the number Explanation: If we assume the new ob-
of boys be x and girls be y. servation be x.
Hence, the correct option is (d)
cs
Now we have Then,
6. The average weight of 40 children of a x + 6 × 45.5
∴ 71x + 73y = 71.8(x + y) = 47
class is 36.2 kg. When three more children 7
with weight 42.3 kg, 39.7 kg and 39.5 kg ⇒ 71.8x − 71x = 73y − 71.8y ⇒ x + 273 = 47 × 7 = 329
/ss

join the class, the average weight of the 43

children in the class is ⇒ 0.8x = 1.2y ⇒ x = 329 − 273 = 56
[SSC DP S.I. (SI) Exam. 2012] x 1.2 12 3
⇒ − = = Hence, the correct option is (b)
(a) 39.2 kg (b) 36.5 kg y 0.8 8 2
13. The average marks of 28 students in
s:/

(c) 38.35 kg (d) 37.3 kg x 3 x+y 5

∴ +1 = +1⇒ = Mathematics was 50; 8 students left the
Explanation: Total weight of 40 children y 2 y 2 school, then this average increased by 5.
∴ Percentage of girls What is the average of marks obtained by
= 40 × 36.2 kg = 1448 kg
the students who left the school?
tp

Total weight of 43 children y 2

= × 100 = × 100 = 40% (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005)
x+y 5
= 1448 + 42.3 + 39.7 + 39.5 = 1569.5 kg (a) 50.5 (b) 37.5
Hence, the correct option is (a)
∴ Required average weight (c) 42.5 (d) 45
ht

1569.5 10. There are 50 students in a class. Their

= = 36.5 kg average weight is 45 kg. When one stu- Explanation: Total marks of 28 students
43
dent leaves the class the average weight = 28 × 50 = 1400
Hence, the correct option is (b) reduces by l00 g. What is the weight of the Total marks of 20 students
7. The average of five numbers is 140. If student who left the class?
[SSC CPO S.I. Exam 2010 (Paper-I)]
= 20 × 55 = 1100
one number is excluded, the average of
the remaining four numbers is 130. The (a) 45 kg (b) 47.9 kg ∴ Total marks of 8 students
excluded number is (c) 49.9 kg (d) 50.1 kg = 1400 − 1100 = 300
[FCI Assistant Grade-III Exam. 2012 (Paper-I)] 300
Explanation: Weight of the student who ∴ Average = = 37.5
(a) 135 (b) 134 8
left
(c) 180 (d) 150 = 50 × 45 − 49 × 44.9 Hence, the correct option is (b)

[Link]
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Average 5.23

14. There were 35 students in a hostel. If ⇒ x = 210 + 210 = ` 420 16. The average weight of 12 parcels is
the number of students is increased by 7 Hence, the correct option is (d) 1.8 kg. Addition of another new parcel
the expenditure on food increases by ` 42 reduces the average weight by 50 g. What
per day while the average expenditure of 15. The average of five numbers is 27. If is the weight of the new parcel?
students is reduced by ` 1. What was the one number is excluded, the average (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
initial expenditure on food per day? becomes 25. The excluded number is (a) 1.50 kg (b) 1.10 kg
[SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2005] [SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1999
& (SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2003] (c) 1.15 kg (d) 1.01 kg
(a) ` 400 (b) ` 432
(a) 25 (b) 27 Explanation: Total weight 12 parcels
(c) ` 442 (d) ` 420
(c) 30 (d) 35
= 12 × 1.8 = 21.6 kg
Explanation: If we assume the initial ex-

/
penditure per day to be ` x. Explanation: Total sum of five numbers New average of 13 parcels

m
= 27 × 5 = 135 = 1.8 − 0.05= 1.75 kg
x x + 42
⇒ − =1 Total sum of four numbers Total weight of 13 parcels = 13 × 1.75 =
35 42
= 25 × 4 = 100 22.75 kg

.co
6x − 5x − 210 ∴ Weight of new parcel = 22.75 − 21.6 =
⇒ =1 ∴ Required number = 135 − 100 = 35
210 1.15 kg
Hence, the correct option is (d)
Hence, the correct option is (c)

dy
Section IX — Determining the Average Age
1. In a class there are 30 boys and their 3. Out of 10 teachers of a school one Total age of 35 students
average age is 17 years. When on one boy
tu
teacher retires and in place of him a new = 13 years 9 months × 35
aged 18 years leaving the class and teacher 25 years old joins. As a result of it
= (455 + 26) years 3 months
another joining, the average age becomes the average age of the teachers reduces by
16.9 years. The age of new boy is 3 years. Age of the retired teacher (in = 481 years 3 months
cs
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC. DEO years) is ∴ Total age of 4 new students
& PA/SA Exam, 2015] [SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO
& PA/SA Exam 2015]
= 481 years 3 months – 430 years
(a) 25 years (b) 11 years
(a) 55 (b) 60 − 9 years 11 months
/ss

(c) 13 years (d) 15 years

(c) 58 (d) 56 = 481 years 3 months – 439 years
Explanation: Age of new boy 11 months
Explanation: Age of the retired teacher
= 18 years − total decrease = 41 years 4 months
= (25 + 3 × 10) years
= (18 − 0.1 × 30) years = 15 years = 55 years ∴ Required average
s:/

Hence, the correct option is (d) Hence, the correct option is (a) 41years 4 months
=
2. The average age of a mother and her six 4. The average age of 30 students of a 4
children is 12 years, which is reduced by class is 14 years 4 months. After admission = 10 years 4 months
tp

5 years if the age of the mother is excluded. of 5 new students in the class the average Hence, the correct option is (d)
The age of the mother (in years) is becomes 13 years 9 months. The youngest
5. The average age of a husband and his
[SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC. DEO & one of the five new students is 9 years 11
wife was 23 years at the time of their mar-
ht

PA/SA Exam, 2015] months old. The average age of the

riage. After five years they have a one year
(a) 50 (b) 40 remaining 4 new students is
old child. The average age of the family
(c) 48 (d) 42 (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam 2015]
now is [SSC Constable (GD) Exam 2015]
(a) 11 years 2 months
Explanation: Mother + 6 children (b) 13 years 6 months (a) 29.3 years (b) 19 years
(c) 12 years 4 months (c) 23 years (d) 28.5 years
⇒ 12 × 7 = 84 years
(d) 10 years 4 months
6 children ⇒ 6 × 7 = 42 years Explanation: Total present age of family
Explanation:
∴ Mother’s age ⇒ 84 − 42 = 42 years Total age of initial 30 students = (2 × 23 + 2 × 5 + 1) years

Hence, the correct option is (d) = 14 years 4 months × 30 = (46 +10+1) years = 57 years
= 430 years

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5.24 Chapter 5

57 3 years ago = 17 × 5 = 85 years (a) 1 (b) 2

∴ Required average =
3 Their total present age (c) 3 (d) 4
= 19 years = 85 + 3 × 5 = 100 years
Explanation: Required average
Hence, the correct option is (b) Total present age of 6 members
8 × 3 + 20 × 2 + 26 × m + 29 × 1
= 17 × 6 = 102 years =
6. Three years ago, the average age of a 3+ 2+m +1
family of 5 members was 17 years. A baby ∴ Present age of child
24 + 40 + 26m + 29
having been born, the average age of the = 102 − 100 = 2 years ⇒ 17 =
6 +m
family is the same today. The present age Hence, the correct option is (b)
of the baby (in year/s) is ⇒ 17(6 + m) = 93 + 26m

/
[SSC CHSL (10+2) DEO & LDC Exam. 2014] 9. 3 years ago the average age of a family ⇒ 102 + 17m = 93 + 26m
of 5 members was 17 years. A baby having

m
1 been born, the average age of the family is ⇒ 26m − 17m = 102 – 93
(a) 1 (b) 1
2 the same today. The present age of the ⇒ 9m = 9 ⇒ m = 1
(c) 2 (d) 3 baby is (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2014)
Hence, the correct option is (a)

.co
1
Explanation: Total present age of (a) 1 year (b) 1 years
2 12. The average age of a cricket team of
5-member family
11 players is the same as it was 3 years
= (17 × 5 + 3 × 5) years (c) 2 years (d) 3 years
back because 3 of the players whose cur-
= 85 + 15 = 100 years Explanation: Five years ago, total age of rent average age of 33 years were replaced

dy
Total present age of 6-member family five members by 3 youngsters. The average age of the
=17 × 6= 102 years = 17 × 5 = 85 years newcomers is
∴ Present age of child (SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014)
Sum of their present ages
= 102 − 100 = 2 years (a) 23 years (b) 21 years
= 85 + 3 × 5 = 100 years
tu
Hence, the correct option is (c) Sum of present ages of 6 members (c) 22 years (d) 20 years
7. The average age of P, Q and R is 5 years = 17 × 6 = 102 years Explanation:
more than R’s age. If the total ages of P and ∴ Present age of baby Total age of three youngsters
cs
Q together is 39 years, then R’s age is
= 102 − 100 = 2 years = 33 × 3 − 11 × 3 = 99 − 33
(SBC CHSL DEO Exam. 2014)
Hence, the correct option is (c) = 66 years
(a) 12 years (b) 24 years
10. After replacing an old member by a ∴ Required average
/ss

(c) 16 years (d) 14 years

new member. It was found that the aver- 66
Explanation: According to question, age age of five members of a club is the = = 22 years
3
P +Q + R same as it was 3 years ago. The difference
= R +5 Hence, the correct option is (c)
3 between the ages of the replaced and the
s:/

⇒ P + Q + R = 3R+ 15 new members is 13. A man had 7 children when their

(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014) average age was 12 years, a child aged 6
⇒ P + Q = 3R − R+15 years died. The average age of remaining
(a) 2 years (b) 4 years
⇒ 2R+ 15 = P + Q = 39 six children is
(c) 8 years (d) 15 years
tp

(SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014)

⇒ 2R = 39 − 15 = 24 Explanation: Increase in ages of five (a) 13 years (b) 10 years
24 members in 3 years
⇒ R= = 12years (c) 11 years (d) 14 years
2 = (3 × 5) years = 15 years
ht

Hence, the correct option is (a) As average age remains same, Explanation: Total age of remaining 6
8. Three years ago the average age of a ∴ Required difference = 15 years children
family of 5 members was 17 years. A baby Hence, the correct option is (d) = 12 × 7 − 6 = 84 − 6 = 78 years
having been born, the average age of the 78
family remains the same today. The age of 11. The frequency distribution data is ∴ Their average age =
given below. If the average age is 17 years, 6
the baby today is
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2014) the value of m is = 13 years
(a) 3 years (b) 2 years Age (in years): 8 20 26 29 Hence, the correct option is (a)
(c) 1 year (d) 1 5 years Number of 3 2 m 1 14. Three years ago, the average age of a
Explanation: Total age of 5 members of people: family of 5 members was 17 years. A baby
the family (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2014) having been born the average age of the

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Average 5.25

family is the same today. The present age (a) 18, 22, 20 (b) 18, 20, 22 Child’s age = 162 − 160 = 2 years
of the baby (in years) is (c) 22,18, 20 (d) 22, 20, 18 Hence, the correct option is (a)
(SSC CAPFs SI, CISF ASI & DP SI Exam. 2014)
Explanation: A + B = 2 × 20 = 40 20. The average age of a husband and his
(a) 2 (b) 2.4
C + B = 2 × l9 = 38 wife was 23 years at the beginning of their
(c) 3 (d) 1.5
C + A = 2 × 21= 42 marriage. After five years they have a one-
Explanation: Three years ago, On adding all three, year old child. The average age of the
family of three, when the child was born,
Total age of the family 2 (A + B + C) = 40 + 38 + 42 = 120
was [SSC Constable (GD) Exam. 2013]
= 17 × 5 = 85 years ⇒ A + B + C = 60
Total age of 5 member family today (a) 23 years (b) 24 years

/
= 85 + 15 = 100 years ∴ A = (A + B + C) − (B + C) (c) 18 years (d) 20 years

m
Total age of the family with child today = 60 − 38 = 22 years Explanation: After five years of marriage,
= 17 × 6 = 102 years B = (A + B + C) − (A+C) Husband + wife + child
Age of baby = 102 − 100 = 2 years = 60 − 42= 18years = 46 + 10 + 1

.co
Hence, the correct option is (a)
C = (A + B + C) − (A + B) = 57 years
15. 3 years ago, the average age of a fam- = 60 − 40 = 20 years At the time of birth of child,
ily of 5 members was 17 years. A baby
Hence, the correct option is (c) Husband + wife + child
having been born, the average age of the
family is same today. The present age of 18. In a family of 5 members, the average = 57 − 3 = 54 years

dy
the baby is age at present is 33 years. The youngest ∴ Required average age
(SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014) member is 9 years old. The average age of = 18 years
1 the family just before the birth of the
(a) l year (b) 1 year 54
2 youngest member was = = 18years
3
tu
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013)
(c) 2 years (d) 3 years Hence, the correct option is (c)
(a) 30 years (b) 29 years
Explanation: Present age of child (c) 25 years (d) 24 years 21. The average age of 14 girls and their
teacher’s age is 15 years. If the teacher’s
cs
= 17 × 6 − (17 × 5 + 3 × 5)
Explanation: Sum of the present age of age is excluded, the average reduces by 1.
= 102 − (85 + 15) = 102 − 100 family members What is the teacher’s age?
= 2 years = 33 × 5 = 165 years (SSC CGL. Prelim Exam. 2000 &
/ss

Hence, the correct option is (c) 9 years ago, Sum of their age SSC CGL Tier I, Exam. 2013)

16. If out of 10 selected students for an = 165 – 9 × 5 = 120 years (a) 35 years (b) 32 years
examination, 3 were of 20 years age, 4 of 120 (c) 30 years (d) 29 years
∴ Required average age =
21 and 3 of 22 years, the average age of 4 Explanation: Total age of 14 girls + 1
s:/

the group is = 30 years teacher

(SSC CGL Tier-I Re-Exam. 2013, 2014) = 15 × 15 = 225 yrs.
Hence, the correct option is (a)
(a) 22 years (b) 21 years Average age of 14 girls =14 years
(c) 21.5 years (d) 20 years 19. Two years ago the average age of a
family of 8 members was 18 years. After ∴ Total age of 14 girls
tp

Explanation: Average age of the whole the addition of a baby, the average age of = 14 × 14 = 196 years
group the family is same today. What is the age
3 × 20 + 4 × 21 + 3 × 22 ∴ Teacher’s age
= of the baby?
ht

10 [SSC Constable (GD) Exam. 2013] = 225 − 196 = 29 years

60 + 84 + 66 210 1 Hence, the correct option is (d)
= = (a) 2 years (b) 1 years
10 10 2 22. The average age of Ram and his two
= 21 years 1 children is 17 years and the average age of
Hence, the correct option is (b) (c) l year (d) 2 years
2 Ram’s wife and the same children is
17. The average age of A and B is 20 16 years. If the age of Ram is 33 years, the
Explanation: Sum of present ages of 9 age of his wife is (in years)
years. If A is to be replaced by C, the aver- member family = 18 × 9 = 162 years (SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013)
age would be 19 years. The average age of
C and A is 21 years. The ages of A, B and C Sum of 8 member’s present ages (a) 31 (b) 32
in order (in years) are = 18 × 8 + 2 × 8 (c) 35 (d) 30
[SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2013) = 144 + 16 = 160 years

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5.26 Chapter 5

Explanation: 26. 5 years ago, the average age of P and ∴ Required average
Ram + two children = 51 years Q was 15 years. The average age of P, Q 88
and R today is 20 years. How old will R be = = 44years
His wife + two children = 48 years 2
∴ Ram − wife = 3 years after 10 years?
Hence, the correct option is (c)
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2012)
⇒ 33 − wife = 3 years
(a) 35 years (b) 40 years 29. In a school with 600 students, the
∴ Wife = 33 − 3 = 30 years
average age of the boys is 12 years and
Hence, the correct option is (d) (c) 30 years (d) 50 years
that of the girls is 11 years. If the average
23. Out of 10 teachers of a school, one Explanation: Present age of (P + Q) age of the school is 11 years and 9 months,
teacher retires and at his place a new then the number of girls in the school is
= 30 + 10 = 40 years

/
teacher of age 25 years joins. As a result of (SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2012)
it, the average age of the teachers is (P + Q + R)’s present age (a) 450 (b) 150

m
reduced by 3 years. The age of the retired = 20 × 3 = 60 years (c) 250 (d) 350
teacher is R’s present age = 60 − 40
(SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2004 Explanation: If we assume the number
= 20 years

.co
& SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2013) of girls to be x.
(a) 60 years (b) 58 years ∴ R’s age after 10 years Number of boys will be = 600 − x
(c) 56 years (d) 55 years = 20 + 10 = 30 years Then we have
Explanation: The average age is reduced Hence, the correct option is (c) ∴ (600 – x) × 12+ 11x
by 3 years. 3 47

dy
∴ Age of the retired teacher 27. The average age of a family of 10 = 11 × 600 = × 600
members is 20 years. If the age of the 4 4
= 25 + 3 × 10 = 55 years
youngest member of the family is 10 ⇒ 7200 − 12x + 11x = 7050
Hence, the correct option is (d) years, then the average age of the mem-
⇒ x = 7200 − 7050 = 150
bers of the family just before the birth of
24. The average age of four boys A, B, C
tu
and D is 5 years and the average age of A, the youngest member was approximately Hence, the correct option is (b)
B, D, E is 6 years. C is 8 years old. The age (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
30. The average age of 45 persons is
of E is (in years) (a) 27.14 years (b) 12.5 years
cs
1
(SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013) decreased by year when one of them of
1 9
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 14.28 years (d) 11 years
9 60 years is replaced by a new comer. Then
(c) 14 (d) 15
the age of the new comer is
/ss

Explanation: Sum of the present age of

Explanation: A + B + C + D = 20 years (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
10 members
⇒ A + B + D = 20 − 8 = 12 years (a) 45 years (b) 55 years
= 20 × 10 = 200 years
Now, (c) 59 years (d) 49 years
Total age of 9 members, 10 years ago
A + B + D + E = 24 years
Explanation: Reduction in total age of
s:/

= 100 years
∴ E = 24 − 12 = 12 years 45 persons
Required average
Hence, the correct option is (a)
100 1 1
= = 11 years = 45 ×
25. From a class of 42 boys, a boy aged 10 9
9 9
tp

years goes away and in his place, a new Age of the new person
boy is admitted. If on account of this Hence, the correct option is (d)
change, the average age of the boys in that 1
28. The average age of 8 men is increased = 60 − 45 × = 55years
class increases by 2 months, the age of the by 3 years when two of them whose age 9
ht

newcomer is are 30 and 34 years are replaced by 2 per- Hence, the correct option is (b)
(SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013) sons. What is the average age of the 2 31. Five years ago, the average age of P
(a) 19 years persons? and Q was 25. The average age of P, Q and
(b) 17 years (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) R today is 25. The age of R after 5 years
(c) 10 years 6 months (a) 24 years (b) 32 years will be (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
(d) 12 years 2 months (c) 44 years (d) 48 years (a) 15 years (b) 20 years
Explanation: Age of new boy (c) 40 years (d) 35 years
Explanation: Sum of the age of two new
⎛ 2 × 42 ⎞ persons
= ⎜ 10 + ⎟ = 17years Explanation: Sum of the present age of
⎝ 12 ⎠ = 30 + 34 + 3 × 8 P and Q
Hence, the correct option is (b) = 88 years = 2 × 25 + 10 = 60 years

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Average 5.27

Sum of the present age of Explanation: Teacher’s age 38. The average age of 24 boys and their
P, Q and R = 25 × 3 = 75 years = 16 × 10 – 19 × 4-5 × 10 teacher is 15 years. When the teacher’s
age is excluded, the average age decreases
∴ R’s present age = 75 – 60 = 15 years = 160 − 76 − 50 = 34 years
by 1 year. The age of the teacher is
∴ R’s age after 5 years = 20 years Hence, the correct option is (b) [SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2008)
Hence, the correct option is (b) 35. In a family, the average age of a father (a) 38 years (b) 39 years
32. The average age of 11 players of a and a mother is 35 years. The average age (c) 40 years (d) 41 years
cricket team is increased by 2 months of the father, mother and their only son is
when two of them aged 18 years and 20 27 years. What is the age of the son? Explanation: The age of the teacher
years are replaced by two new players. (SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2010) = (24 + 1) × 15 − 24 × (15 − 1)

/
The average age of the new players is (a) 12 years (b) 11 years = 25 × 15 − 24 × 14

m
(SSC CGL Exam. 2005 (c) 10.5 years (d) 10 years = 375 − 336 =39 years
& SSC CGL Tier-I Exam. 2011)
Explanation: Father + Mother Hence, the correct option is (b)
(a) 19 years 1 month
= 2 × 35 = 70 years 39. The average age of 40 students of a
(b) 19 years 6 months

.co
Father + Mother + Son class is 15 years. When 10 new students
(c) 19 years 11 months
= 27 × 3 = 81 years are admitted, the average is increased by
(d) 19 years 5 months ∴ Son’s age = 81 − 70 = 11 years 0.2 year. The average age of the new stu-
Explanation: Total increase Hence, the correct option is (b) dents is (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2005, 2008)

= 11 × 2 = 22 months (a) 15.2 years (b) 16 years

dy
36. The average age of a husband and a
∴ Sum of the age of both cricketers wife was 27 years when they married 4 (c) 16.2 years (d) 16.4 years
= (18 + 20) years 22 months years ago. The average age of the hus-
Explanation: Total age of 40 old stu-
band, the wife and a new-born child is 21
= 38 years 22 months dents
years now. The present age of the child is
tu
= 40 × 15 = 600 years.
∴ Average age = 19 years 11 months (SSC DEO Exam. 2009)
(a) 4 years (b) 3 years Total age of 40 old and 10 new students
Hence, the correct option is (c)
(c) 2 years (d) 1 year =50 × 15.2 = 760 years
cs
33. The average age of a husband and ∴ Total age of 10 new students
wife, who were married 4 years ago was 25 Explanation: Sum of the present age of
= 760-600 = 160 years
years at the time of their marriage. The husband and wife
average age of the family consisting of ∴ Required average age
= 2 × 27 + 8 = 62 years
/ss

husband, wife and a child, born during the Sum of the present age of husband, wife 160
= = 16 years
interval is 20 years today. The age of the and child 10
child is = 21 × 3 = 63 years Hence, the correct option is (b)
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2010) ∴ Present age of the child
40. Five years ago, the average age of P, Q
s:/

(a) 1 year (b) 2 years = 63 − 62 = 1 year and R was 25 years and seven years ago,
(c) 2.5 years (d) 3 years Hence, the correct option is (d) the average age of Q and R was 20 years.
Explanation: Sum of the present age of The present age of P is
37. The average age of eleven cricket
(SSC DEO Exam. 2008)
husband and wife players is 20 years. If the age of the coach
tp

is also included, the average age increases (a) 36 years (b) 29 years
= 2 × 25 + 2 × 4 = 58 years
Sum of the present age of husband, wife by 10%. The age of the coach is (c) 24 years (d) 21 years
and child (SSC DEO Exam. 2009) Explanation: Sum of the present age of
ht

= 3 × 20 = 60 years (a) 48 years (b) 44 years P, Q and R

∴ Child’s present age = 60 − 58 = 2 years (c) 40 years (d) 36 years = (25 × 3 + 3 × 5) years
Hence, the correct option is (b) Explanation: Total age of 11 players = (75 + 15) years = 90 years
34. The average age of 9 students and = 11 × 20 = 220 years Sum of the present age of Q and
their teacher is 16 years. The average age Total age of 11 players and the coach R = (20 × 2 + 2 × 7) years
of the first four students is 19 years and = 12 × 22 = 264 years
that of the last five is 10 years. The teach- = 54 years
∴ Age of the coach
er’s age is ∴ P’s present age
(SSC Investigator Exam 2010)
= (264 − 220) years
= 44 years = (90 − 54) years = 36 years
(a) 36 years (b) 34 years
Hence, the correct option is (b) Hence, the correct option is (a)
(c) 30 years (d) 28 years

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5.28 Chapter 5

41. The average age of group of 20 girls ∴ Required average age 47. There were 24 students in a class.
is 15 years and that of another group of 25 96 One of them, who was 18 years old, left
boys it is 24 years. The average age of the = = 32years the class and his place was filled up by a
3
two groups mixed together is newcomer. If the average of the class
Hence, the correct option is (c)
(SSC DEO Exam. 2008) thereby was lowered by one month, the
(a) 19.5 years (b) 20 years 44. 5 years ago, the average age of A, B, C age of the newcomer is
(c) 21 years (d) 21.5 years and D was 45 years. With E joining them (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007)
now, the average age of all the five is (a) 14 years (b) 15 years
Explanation: Required average age 49 years. How old is E? (c) 16 years (d) 17 years
⎛ 20 × 15 + 25 × 24 ⎞ [SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2007]
=⎜ ⎟⎠ years Explanation: Total age decrease
⎝ 20 + 25

/
(a) 25 years (b) 40 years
= 24 × 1 = 24 months = 2 years

m
(c) 45 years (d) 64 years
⎛ 300 + 600 ⎞
=⎜ ⎟ years ∴ Age of newcomer =18 − 2 = 16 years
⎝ 45 ⎠ Explanation: Sum of the present age of
Hence, the correct option is (c)
⎛ 900 ⎞ A, B, C and D = 45 × 4 + 4 × 5

.co
=⎜
⎝ 45 ⎟⎠
years = 20 years 48. In a school, the average age of stu-
= 180 + 20 = 200 years dents is 6 years and the average age of 12
Hence, the correct option is (b) Sum of the present age of A, B, teachers is 40 years. If the average age of
42. The average age of 40 students of a C, D and E = 49 × 5 = 245 years the combined group of all the teachers
class is 18 years. When 20 new students ∴ Present age of E and students is 7 years, then the number

dy
are admitted to the same class, the average = (245 – 200) years = 45 years of students is
age of the students of the class is increased (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005)
by 6 months. The average age of newly Hence, the correct option is (c) (a) 406 (b) 400
admitted student is 45. From a class of 24 boys, a boy aged 10 (c) 409 (d) 416
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008)
tu
years, leaves the class and in his place a
(a) 19 years new boy is admitted. As a result, the aver- Explanation: If we assume the number
(b) 19 years 6 months age age of the class is increased by 2 of students be n. Then,
months. What is the age of the new boy? n × 6 + 12 ×
cs
(c) 20 years 7=
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007) n + 12
(d) 20 years 6 months
(a) 12 years (b) 15 years
Explanation: Total age of 20 new stu- ⇒ 7n + 84 = 6n + 480
(c) 14 years (d) 13 years
dents
/ss

⇒ n = 480 − 84 = 396
= (60 × 18.5 − 40 × 18) years Explanation: Total age increase
= (1110-720) years Hence, the correct option is (a)
= 2 × 24 = 48 months = 4 years
= 390 years ∴ Age of the new boy 49. The average age of 30 boys in a class
∴ Their average age is 15 years. One boy aged 20 years, left the
s:/

= 10 + 4 = 14 years
390 class, but two new boys came in his place
= = 19.5 years whose ages differ by 5 years. If the average
20 Hence, the correct option is (c)
= 19 years 6 months age of all the boys now in the class remains
46. The average age of 30 students is 9 15 years, the age of the younger new-
tp

Hence, the correct option is (b) years. If the age of their teacher is comer is
included, the average age becomes 10 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005)
43. The present average age of a family years. The age of the teacher (in years) is
of four members is 36 years. If the present (a) 20 years (b) 15 years
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2007)
ht

age of the youngest member of the family (c) 10 years (d) 8 years
(a) 27 (b) 31
be 12 years, the average age of the family
at the birth of the youngest member was (c) 35 (d) 40 Explanation: If we assume the age of
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008) Explanation: Total age of 30 students younger boy be x years.
(a) 48 years (b) 40 years Age of older boy will be
= 9 × 30 = 270 years
(c) 32 years (d) 24 years = (x + 5) years
Total age of 30 students and a teacher
Then, total age of 30 boys
Explanation: Sum of the present ages of = 31 × 10 = 310 years
whole family = 36 × 4= 144 years ∴ Age of the teacher = 30 × 15 = 450 years
Sum of the ages of the family at the birth = 310 − 270 = 40 years Total age of 31 boys after two newcomers
of youngest member join and 1 left
= 144 − 4 × 12 = 96 years Hence, the correct option is (d)
= 450 − 20 + x + x + 5 = 435 + 2x

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Average 5.29

Clearly, 52. 3 years ago, the average age of a fam- 55. The average age of 20 boys in a class
435 + 2x= 31 × 15 ily of 5 members was 17 years. A baby is 12 years. 5 new boys are admitted to the
⇒ 2x = 465 − 435 having been born, the average age of the class whose average age is 7 years. The
family is the same today. The present age average age of the boys in the class
30
⇒ x = = 15years of the baby is becomes (SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2003)
2 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004) (a) 8.2 years (b) 9.5 years
Hence, the correct option is (b)
(a) 3 years (b) 2 years (c) 12.5 years (d) 11 years
50. The average age of eleven players of 1
a cricket team decreases by 2 months (c) 1 years (d) 1 year Explanation: New average age of class
2
when two new players are included in the 20 × 12 + 5 × 7 240 + 35
= =

/
team replacing two players of age 17 years Explanation: Total age of 5 members,
25 25
and 20 years. The average age of new

m
3 years ago = 17 × 5 = 85 years 275
player is = = 11years
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002
Total age of 5 members, now 25
& SSC CLL Exam. 2005) = (85 + 3 × 5) = 100 years Hence, the correct option is (d)

.co
(a) 17 years 1 month Total age of 6 members, now
56. Out of 10 teachers of a school, one
(b) 17 years 7 months = 17 × 6 = 102 years teacher retires and in his place, a new
(c) 17 years 11 months ∴ Age of the baby teacher of age 25 years joins. As a result,
(d) 18 years 3 months = 102 − 100 = 2 years the average age of teachers reduces by 3
years. The age of the retired teacher is

dy
Explanation: Hence, the correct option is (b)
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003)
Average age of new players 53. The average age of 5 boys is 12 years. (a) 50 years (b) 55 years

{
= (20 + 17)11 ×
2
×
12 2}1 The average age of 3 others is 16 years.
The average age of all the 8 boys is
(c) 58 years (d) 60 years
tu
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004) Explanation: Total age decreased
422 211 7
= ⇒ 17 1 = 10 × 3 = 30 years
12 × 2 12 12 (a) 13 years (b) 14 years
= 17 years 7 months 2 ∴ Age of the retired teacher
cs
1 = 25 + 30 = 55 years
Hence, the correct option is (b) (c) 12 years (d) 13 years
2 Hence, the correct option is (b)
51. When the average age of a husband
/ss

and wife and their son was 42 years the Explanation: Required average 57. The average age of 6 sons of a family
son got married and a child was born just 5 × 12 + 3 × 16 60 + 48 is 8 years. The average age of sons
one year after the marriage. When the = = together with their parents is 22 years. If
5+3 8
child turned to be five years then the the father is older than the mother by 8
average age of family became 36 years. 108 27 1 years, the age of mother (in years) is
= = = 13 years
s:/

What was the age of daughter-in-law at 8 2 2 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003)
the time of marriage? Hence, the correct option is (a) (a) 44 (b) 52
[SSC SP (CA) Exam. 2005] (c) 60 (d) 68
54. There are 30 students in a class. The
(a) 26 years (b) 25 years average age of first 10 students is 12.5
tp

Explanation:
(c) 24 years (d) 23 years years. The average age of the remaining
20 students is 13.1 years. The average age If we assume the mother’s age = x years
Explanation: H+W + S = 42 × 3 = 126 (in years) of the students of the whole Father’s age will be = (x + 8) years
ht

(H + W + S) + D + C = 36 × 5 = 180 class is Sum of age of 6 sons

[SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2003] = 8 × 6 = 48 years
(126 + 6 × 3) + D + C = 180
(a) 12.5 years (b) 12.7 years Sum of age of 6 sons and parents
⇒ (126 + 18) + D + C = 180 (c) 12.8 years (d) 12.9 years = 22 × 8 = 176 years
⇒ 144 + D + C = 180 ∴ Age of parents − 176 − 48 = 128 years
Explanation: Average age
⇒ D + C = 180-144 = 36 10 × 125 + 20 × 13.1 ⇒ x + x + 8 = 128
=
∴ Age of daughter-in-law at the time of 10 + 20 ⇒ 2x = 120
marriage (D) 125 + 262
= = 12.9years ⇒ x = 60
= 36 − (6+ 6) =26 years 30 Hence, mother’s age = 60 years
Hence, the correct option is (a) Hence, the correct option is (d) Hence, the correct option is (c)

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5.30 Chapter 5

58. The average age of 30 boys in a class (a) 22 years (b) 24 years 62. The average age of four brothers is 12
is 15 years. One boy, aged 20 years, left the (c) 28 years (d) 30 years years. If the age of their mother is also
class, but two new boys came in his place included, the average is increased by 5
whose age differ by 5 years. If the average Explanation: Overall increase in the to- years. The age of the mother (in years) is
age of all the boys now in the class tal age = 8 × 2 = 16 years
(SSC CGL, Prelim Exam. 2000)
becomes 15 years, the age of the younger ∴ Total age of two new men
(a) 37 years (b) 43 years
newcomer is = 21 + 23 + 16 = 60 years
(c) 48 years (d) 53 years
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002) ∴ Average age of new men
(a) 20 years (b) 15 years 60 Explanation:
= = 30 years
(c) 10 years (d) 8 years 2 Average age of 4 brothers = 12 years

/
Hence, the correct option is (d) Total age of 4 brothers = 4 × 12 = 48 years
Explanation: Total age of 30 boys

m
60. The average age of 8 persons is Average age of 4 brothers + mother
= 30 × 15 = 450 years increased by 2 years, when one of them, (= 5 persons)
One boy, aged 20 years, left the class whose age is 24 years is replaced by a new = 12 + 5 = 17 years

.co
Now, total age of 29 boys person. The age of the new person is ∴ Total age of 4 brothers + mother
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002)
= 450 − 20 = 430 years
(a) 42 years (b) 40 years = 5 × 17 = 85 years
Again, two new boys joined the class
(c) 38 years (d) 45 years ∴ The age of the mother
Then, the total age of 31 boys
= 85 − 48 = 37 years
Explanation: Age of new person

dy
= 15×31= 465 years
= 8 × 2 + 24 Hence, the correct option is (a)
∴ Age of two new boys
= 465 − 430 = 35 years = 16 + 24 = 40 years 63. The average age of 12 players of a
Let the individual age of two boys be x Hence, the correct option is (b) team is 25 years. If the captain’s age is
tu included, the average age increases by 1
and y years 61. In a class, there are 40 boys and their
year. The age of the captain is
∴ x + y = 35 average age is 16 years. One boy, aged 17
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1999)
x − y = 5 (According to the question) years, leaving the class and another join-
(a) 25 yrs. (b) 38 yrs.
cs
ing, the average age becomes 15.875 years.
∴ 2x = 40
The age of the new boy is (c) 36 yrs. (d) 26 yrs.
40 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000)
x = = 20 years
2 (a) 12 years (b) 14.5 years Explanation: Total age of 12 players
/ss

∴ y = 15 years (c) 15 years (d) 17 years = 12 × 25 = 300

∴ Age of the younger new comer Total age including captain
Explanation: Total age of 40 boys
= 15 years = 40 × 16 = 640 years = 13 × 26 = 338
Hence, the correct option is (b) New total age of 40 boys ∴ Age of the captain
s:/

59. The average age of 8 men is increased = 40 × 15.875 = 635 years = 338 − 300 = 38 years
by 2 years when two of them whose age
∴ Age of new boy Hence, the correct option is (b)
are 21 and 23 years is replaced by two new
men. The average age of the two new men is = [635 − (640-17)] = 12 years
tp

(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002) Hence, the correct option is (a)
ht

Section X — Miscellaneous Questions

1. The average of the first 7 integers in Thus, it forms a AP series with d = 2
series of 13 consecutive odd integers is 37. Now, average of 7 first integers = 37 7
For 7 terms, sum = ⎡2a + (7 − 1) 2⎤⎦
What is the average of the entire series?
sum of first 7 integers 2⎣
[SSC SI & Assistant SI (CISF) Prelim Exam. 2016] ⇒ = 37
7 7
(a) 45 (b) 43 ⇒ 259 = [2a + 12]
⇒ x = 37 × 7 = 259 2
(c) 41 (d) 40
n 259 × 2
Now, sum of an AP = ⎡2a + (n − 1)d ⎤⎦ ⇒ 2a = − 12
Explanation: This is a series of 13 con- 2⎣ 7
secutive odd integers. ∴ a = 31

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Average 5.31

Sum of an AP of 13 terms (a) ` 510 (b) ` 310 Explanation: Required average weight
n (c) ` 410 (d) ` 610 30 × 16 + 20 × 15.5
= ⎡⎣2a + (n − 1)d ⎤⎦ =
2 Explanation: If we assume the amount 50
13
= ⎡⎣2 × 31 + (13 − 1) 2⎤⎤⎦ spent by tenth person be ` x, 480 + 310 790
= = = 15.8 kg
2 According to the question, 50 50
13
= [62 + 24 ] = 559 40 × 9 + x
Hence, the correct option is (b)
2 x− =9
10 8. A man’s pension on retirement from
559
Average of 13 terms = = 43 service is equal to half the average salary
13 ⇒ 9x = 360 + 90 = 450 during last 3 years of his service. His sal-

/
Hence, the correct option is (b). 450 ary from 1 January 1983 is ` 380 per
⇒ x= = `50

m
2. A shop of electronic goods is closed on 9 month with an increment of ` 40 due on 1
Monday. The average sales per day for ∴ Total expenditure = 40 × 9 + x October 1983, 1 October 1984 and 1
remaining six days of a week is ` 15640 October 1985. If he retires on 1 January
= 360 + 50 = ` 410
1986, what pension does he draw per

.co
and the average sale on Tuesday to Satur-
Hence, the correct option is (c) month?
day is ` 14124. The sales on Sunday is
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-I Exam. 2013)
(SSC CHSL (10+2) LDC, DEO 5. The average (arithmetic mean) of 330,
& PA/SA Exam, 2015) 360 and 390 is (a) ` 205 (b) ` 215
(a) ` 21704 (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam. 2015) (c) ` 225 (d) ` 230
(b) Data inadequate (a) 327 + 357 + 387 (b) 380

dy
Explanation: Total salary of 3 years
(c) ` 23220 (c) 329 + 359 + 389 (d) 3177 = ` (380 × 9 + 420 × l2 + 460 × 12
(d) ` 20188
Explanation: Arithmetic mean + 500 × 3)
Explanation: Sales on Sunday = ` (3420+ 5040 + 5520 +1500)
330 + 360 + 390
tu
= ` (6 × 15640 − 5 × 14124) = = ` 15480
3
= ` (93840 − 70620) Average monthly salary
= 329 + 359 + 389
= ` 23220 15480
cs
Hence, the correct option is (c) = = ` 430
Hence, the correct option is (c) 36
6. A man purchased 7 bags of rice at the
3. In an examination, the average marks 430
rate of ` 800 each, 8 bags of rice at ` 1000 ∴ Amount of pension = = ` 215
obtained by the girls of a class is 85 and each and 5 bags of rice at the rate of ` 1200 2
/ss

the average marks obtained by the boys of each. What is the average cost of one bag Hence, the correct option is (b)
the same class is 87. If the girls and boys of rice? (SSC CHSL DEO Exam. 2014) 9. The average salary of all staff of a
are in the ratio 4 : 5, then the average (a) ` 1000 (b) ` 980 school is ` 10,000. The average salary of
marks of the whole class (approximately) 20 teaching staff is ` 12,000 and that of
(c) ` 1120 (d) ` 1050
s:/

is closest to (SSC CGL Tier-II Exam 2015) non-teaching staff is ` 5000. The number
(a) 85.9 (b) 86.1 Explanation: Average cost of 1 bag of rice of non-teaching staff will be
(c) 86.4 (d) 86.5 ⎛ 7 × 800 + 8 × 1000 + 5 × 1200 ⎞ (SSC Multi-Tasking Staff Exam. 2013)
=`⎜ ⎟⎠ (a) 7 (b) 8
⎝ 7+8+5
tp

Explanation: If we assume the number

(c) 10 (d) 12
of girls to be 4x. ⎛ 5600 + 8000 + 6000 ⎞
=`⎜ ⎟⎠
Number of boys will be 5x. ⎝ 20 Explanation: Number of non-teaching
Average marks staff = x
ht

19600
4 x × 85 + 5x × 87 = = ` 980 ∴ 20 × 12000 + x × 5000
= 20
4 x + 5x = (x + 20) × 10000
Hence, the correct option is (b)
340 + 435 775 ⇒ 240000 + 5000x = (x + 20) × 10000
= = = 86.1 7. In a prep school, the average weight of
9 9 ⇒ 240 + 5x = (x + 20) × 10
30 girls in a class among 50 students is
Hence, the correct option is (b)
16 kg and that of the remaining students is
⇒ 10x − 5x = 240 − 200
4. In a team of 10 persons, nine persons 15.5 kg. What is the average weight of all
spent ` 40 each for their meal and the the students in the class? ⇒ 5x = 40
remaining one spent ` 9 more than the [SSC Constable (GD) Exam. 2013] 40
average expenditure of all the 10 persons. (a) 15.2 kg (b) 15.8 kg ⇒ x= =8
5
The total expenditure for their meal was (c) 15.4 kg (d) 15.6 kg Hence, the correct option is (b)
(SSC CGL Tier-II Exam, 2014, 2015)

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5.32 Chapter 5

10. The average pocket money of 3 ∴ Required average cost 15. In the afternoon, a student read 100
friends A, B, C is ` 80 in a particular month. 45 + 20 + 25 90 pages at the rate of 60 pages per hour. In
If B spends double and C spends triple of = = = `9 the evening, when she was tired, she read
what A spends during that month and if 10 10 100 more pages at the rate of 40 pages per
the average of their unspent pocket Hence, the correct option is (c) hour. What was her average rate of read-
money is ` 60, then A spends (in `) 13. While purchasing one item costing ing, in pages per hour?
(SSC Assistant Grade-III Exam. ` 400, one has to pay a sales tax at 7% and (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
2012) (a) 60 (b) 70
on another costing ` 6400, the sales tax
(a) ` 10 (b) ` 20 was 9%. The per cent of sales tax one has (c) 48 (d) 50
(c) ` 30 (d) ` 40 to pay, taking these items together on an
Explanation: Required average rate of

/
average is
Explanation: A + B + C = 3 × 80 reading

m
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012)
100 + 100
= ` 240 13 15 =
(a) 8 (b) 8 100 100
Then money spent = 240 − 180 = 60 17 17 +
60 40

.co
⇒ A + 2A + 3A = 60 1 200 200
(c) 8 (d) 8 = =
⇒ 6A = 60 2 5 5 10 + 15
+
⇒ A = ` 10 3 2 6
Explanation: Sales tax on the article sold
at ` 400 200 × 6
Hence, the correct option is (a) = = 48pages / hour

dy
400 × 7 25
11. On mixing two classes A and B of stu- = = ` 28
100 Hence, the correct option is (c)
dents having average marks 25 and 40
Sales tax on the article sold at ` 6400 16. Out of nine persons, 8 persons spent
respectively, the overall average obtained
is 30. Find the ratio of the students in the 6400 × 9 ` 30 each for their meals. The ninth one
= = ` 576
tu
classes A and B. 100 spent ` 20 more than the average expendi-
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) Total tax = 28 + 576 = ` 604 ture of all the nine. The total money spent
by all of them was
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 5 : 8 Percentage sales tax
(SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2012)
cs
(c) 5 : 6 (d) 3 : 4 604
= × 100 (a) ` 260 (b) ` 290
Explanation: Number of students in class 6800 (c) ` 292.50 (d) ` 400.50
A=x 151 15
= =8 %
/ss

Explanation:
Number of students in class B = y 17 17
Expenditure of 9th person = ` x
∴ 25x + 40y = 30(x + y) Hence, the correct option is (b)
x + 8 × 30
14. Ram aims to score an average of 80 ∴ x− = 20
⇒ 25x + 40y = 30x + 30y 9
marks in quarterly and half yearly exams.
s:/

⇒ 30x − 25x = 40y − 30y 9x − x − 240

But his average in quarterly is 3 marks less ∴ = 20
9
⇒ 5x = 10y than his target and that in half yearly is 2
marks more than his aim. The difference ⇒ 8x – 240 = 180
x 10
⇒ = = 2:1 between the total marks scored in both
y 5 ⇒ 8x = 240 + 180 = 420
tp

the exams is 25. The total marks aimed by

Hence, the correct option is (a) 420
Ram is (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) ⇒ x= = 52.5
8
12. A fruit seller sold big, medium and (a) 400 (b) 410
ht

small sized apples for ` 15, ` 10 and ` 5 Total expenditure = 52.5 + 240 = ` 292.5
(c) 420 (d) 380
respectively. The total number of apples Hence, the correct option is (c)
sold were in the ratio 3 : 2 : 5. Find the Explanation: Let each exam be of 100
17. 5 members of a team are weighed
average cost of an apple. marks.
consecutively and their average weight is
(SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2012) ∴ Difference = 82 − 77 = 5 calculated after each member is weighed.
(a) 8 (b) 10 ∵ 5 = 100 marks If the average weight increases by one kg
(c) 9 (d) 7 each time, how much heavier is the last
∴ 25 = 500 marks
player than the first one?
Explanation: Ratio of values 80 (SSC Graduate Level Tier-II Exam. 2012)
∴ Required marks = 500 × = 400
= 15 × 3 : 10 × 2 : 5×5 100 (a) 4 kg (b) 20 kg
= 45 : 20 : 25 Hence, the correct option is (a) (c) 8 kg (d) 5 kg

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Average 5.33

Explanation: If we assume the weight of ⎡ 9 ⎤ y and z is greater than y by 2. Then the

the first member to be x kg. ⎢ 26 12 26 years 9 months ⎥ difference of x and z is
⎢ = ⎥ [SSC CPO (SI, ASI & Intelligence Officer) Exam
Weight of the second member will be ⎢ 3 3 ⎥ 2011 (Paper-I)]
(x + 2) kg. ⎣ ⎦
Weight of the fifth member will be (a) 3 (b) 5
= 8 years 11 months
(x + 8) kg (c) 7 (d) 11
Hence, the correct option is (d)
Required difference = x + 8 − x = 8 kg Explanation:
Hence, the correct option is (c) 1
20. If the average of x and (x ≠ 0 ) is M, x + y + z = 3 × 45 = 135 ... (i)
18. A man purchases milk for three con- x
y +z
secutive years. In the first year, he pur- 1 x= +9

/
then the average of x2 and 2 is 2
chases milk at the rate of ` 7.50 per litre, x

m
in the second year, at the rate of ` 8.00 per (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011)
⇒ 2x – y − z = 18 … (ii)
litre and in the third year at ` 8.50 per (a) 1 − M2 (b) 1 − 2M y +z
and, = y +2
litre. If he purchases milk worth ` 4080 (c) 2M2− 1 (d) 2NP + 1 2

.co
each year, the average price of milk per ⇒ y + z = 2y +4
litre for three years is 1
x+ ⇒ z−y=7 ...(iii)
[SSC DP S.I. (SI) Exam. 2012]
Explanation: x =M
By equations (i) + (ii),
(a) ` 7.68 (b) ` 7.98 2
3x = 135+ 18= 153
(c) ` 7.54 (d) ` 7.83 1
⇒ x + = 2M

dy
x ⇒ x = 51
Explanation: Quantity of milk:
Required average By equations (i) and (iii),
4080 2
First year ⇒ 1 ⎛x + 1⎞ − 2 x + y + z + z − y = 135 + 4 = 139
7.5 x2 + ⎜ ⎟
= x2 = ⎝ x⎠ ⇒ x + 2z = 139
tu
= 544 litres
2 2 ⇒ 51 + 2z = 139
4080
Second year ⇒ 4M2 − 2
8 = = 2M 2 − 1 ⇒ 2z = 139 − 51 = 88
2
cs
= 510 litres ∴ z = 44
Hence, the correct option is (c)
4080 ∴ x − z = 51 − 44 = 7
Third year ⇒
8.5 21. There are in all, 10 balls; some of them
Hence, the correct option is (c)
= 480 litres are red and the others are white. The aver-
/ss

∴ Required average age cost of all balls is ` 28. If the average 23. The average mathematics marks of
3 × 4080 cost of red balls is ` 25 and that of white two sections A and B of Class IX in the
= balls is ` 30, the number of white balls is annual examination is 74. The average
544 + 510 + 480 (SSC CHSL DEO & LDC Exam. 2011) marks of section A is 77.5 and that of sec-
12240
s:/

= = ` 7.98 per litre (a) 3 (b) 5 tion B is 70. The ratio of the number of
1534 (c) 6 (d) 7 students of section A and B is
Hence, the correct option is (b) (SSC CGL Tier-1 Exam2011)
Explanation: If we assume the number (a) 7 : 8 (b) 7 : 5
19. B was born when A was 4 years of white balls be x.
tp

7 months old and C was born when B was (c) 8 : 7 (d) 8 : 5

3 years 4 months old. When C was 5 years Number of red balls will be = (10 − x)
Explanation: If the number of students
2 months old, then their average age was Now we have
in section A be x and that in section B be
∴ 10 × 28 = x × 30 + 25 (10 − x)
ht

[SSC Constable (GD) & Rifleman (GD) Exam. y, then

2012] 77.5 × x + y × 70
⇒ 280 = 30x + 250 − 25x 74 =
(a) 8 years 9 months x+y
(b) 7 years 3 months = 5x + 250
⇒ 74x + 74y = 77.5x + 70y
(c) 8 years 7 months ⇒ 5x = 280 − 250 = 30
(d) 8 years 11 months ⇒ 77.5x − 74x = 74y − 70y
⇒ x=6
Explanation: C = 5 years 2 months ⇒ 3.5x = 4y
B = 8 years 6 months Hence, the correct option is (c)
x 4 8
A = 13 years 1 month 22. The average of the three numbers x, y ⇒ = =
y 3.5 7
∴ Average and z is 45. The value of x is greater than
26 years 9 months the average of y and z by 9. The average of ⇒ 8:7
= Hence, the correct option is (c)
3

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5.34 Chapter 5

24. 30 pens and 75 pencils altogether 54 ` 10,000 and average monthly salary of
⇒ x= = 18
were purchased for ` 510. If the average 3 the rest is ` 7800. The total number of
price of a pencil was ` 2, what was the ∴ Eighth number workers in the workshop is
average price of a pen? = x + 7 = 18 + 7 = 25 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005)
[SSC CPO S.I. Exam 2010 (Paper-I)] (a) 18 (b) 20
Hence, the correct option is (b)
(a) ` 9 (b) ` 10 (c) 22 (d) 24
27. The average expenditure of a man for
(c) ` 11 (d) ` 12
the first five months of a year is ` 5000 and Explanation: If we assume the number
Explanation: If the average cost of 1 pen for the next seven months it is ` 5400. He of workers be x.
= ` x, then saves ` 2300 during the year. His average
Then we have
30x + 75 × 2 = 510 monthly income is

/
(SSC CPO S.I. Exam. 2007) 7 × 10000+ (x − 7) 7800
⇒ 30x= 510 − 150 = 360

m
360 (a) ` 5425 (b) ` 5.500 = x × 8500
⇒ x= = ` 12
30 (c) ` 5.446 (d) ` 5600 ⇒ 700 + 78x − 78 × 7= 85x
Hence, the correct option is (d) ⇒ 85x − 78x = 700 − 546

.co
Explanation: Annual expenditure of the
25. If the average of m numbers is n2 and man ⇒ 7x = 154
that of n numbers is m2, then the average = ` (5 × 5000 + 7 × 5400) 154
of (m + n) numbers is ⇒ x= = 22
= ` (25000 + 37800) 7
[SSC SO (CA) Exam. 2008]
m = ` 62800 Hence, the correct option is (c)

dy
(a) (b) m + n
n Annual savings = ` 2300 30. The average of marks scored by the
(c) m n (d) m − n students of a class is 68. The average of
∴ Average monthly income
marks of the girls in the class is 80 and
Explanation: Total number of ‘m’ num- ⎛ 62800 + 2300 ⎞ that of boys is 60. What is the percentage
bers = m × n2 =`⎜ ⎟⎠
⎝
tu
12 of boys in the class?
Total number of ‘n’ numbers = n × m2 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2005)
⎛ 65100 ⎞
∴ Average of (m + n) numbers =`⎜ = ` 5425
⎝ 12 ⎟⎠ (a) 40% (b) 60%
mn 2 + m 2n mn (n + m )
cs
= = = mn Hence, the correct option is (a) (c) 65 % (d) 70 %
m +n m +n
28. The average score of a class of boys Explanation: If we assume the number
Hence, the correct option is (c)
and girls in an examination is A. The ratio of boys and girls in the class be x and y
26. The average of eight numbers is 20. If respectively.
/ss

of boys and girls in the class is 3 : 1. If the

the sum of first two numbers is 31, the Then we have
average score of the boys is A + 1, then the
1
average of the next three numbers is 21 average score of the girls is 60x + 80y = 68(x + y)
3 [SSC SO (CA) Exam. 26.11.2006]
and the seventh and eighth numbers ⇒ 60x + 80y = 68x + 68y
(a) A + 1 (b) A − l
s:/

exceed the sixth number by 4 and 7 ⇒ 8x = 12y

respectively, then the eighth number is (c) A + 3 (d) A − 3
2
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2008)
Explanation: If we assume the number ⇒ 2x = 3 y ⇒ y = x
3
(a) 20 (b) 25 of boys in the class be 3x. Required percentage
tp

(c) 21.6 (d) 25.3 The ratio of boys and girls in the class is x
3:1, therefore the number of girls in the = × 100
Explanation: Sum of the eight numbers x+y
= 20 × 8 = 160 class is x.
x
ht

Average score of the girls = × 100

Sum of the first two numbers = 31 2
Sum of the next three numbers (3x + x ) × A − 3x ( A + 1) x+ x
3
=
64 x
= × 3 = 64 3x
4 xA − 3xA − 3x = × 100
3 = 3x + 2x
Let the sixth number = x x
3
∴ Seventh number = x + 4 xA − 3x x ( A − 3) = × 100 = 60%
= = = A −3 5
and eighth number = x + 7 x x Hence, the correct option is (b)
∴ 31 + 64 + x + x + 4 + x + 7= 160 Hence, the correct option is (d)
31. The average monthly income (in `)
⇒ 3x + 106 = 160 29. The average monthly salary of the of certain agricultural workers is S and
workers in a workshop is ` 8,500. If the that of other workers is T. The number of
⇒ 3x = 160 – 106 = 54
average monthly salary of 7 technicians is

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Average 5.35

agricultural workers is 11 times that of Explanation: Total age of 15 students Now we have,
other workers. Then, the average monthly = 15 × 15 = 225 years x × 39 + (120-x) × 15 = 120 × 35
income (in `) of all the workers is
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004)
Total age of 5 students ⇒ 39x − 15x + 1800 = 4200
= 5 × 14 = 70 years
S + 11T S +T ⇒ 24x = 4200 − 1800 = 2400
(a) (b) Total age of other 9 students
12 12 ⇒ x = 100
11S + T 1 = 9 × 16 = 144 years
(c) (d) +T Hence, the correct option is (a)
12 11S ∴ The age of 15th student
36. The arithmetic mean of the scores of
Explanation: If we assume the number = 225 − (70 + 144)
a group of students in a test was 52. The

/
of other workers be x. = 225 − 214 = 11 years brightest 20% of them secured a mean

m
Number of agricultural workers will be = Hence, the correct option is (a) score of 80 and the dullest 25% secured a
11x mean score of 31. The mean score of
Required average monthly Income can be 34. The average salary of all the workers remaining 55% is
expressed as in a workshop is ` 8000. The average sal-

.co
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2000)
S × 11x + x × T ary of 7 technicians is ` 12,000 and the
(a) 45% (b) 50%
= average salary of the rest is ` 6000. The
(11x + x ) total number of workers in the workshop is (c) 51.4% approx. (d) 54.6% approx.
11S + T (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003) Explanation: If we assume the mean
=`
12 (a) 20 (b) 21 score of remaining 55% = x

dy
Hence, the correct option is (c) (c) 23 (d) 22 20 × 80 + 25 × 31 + 55 × x
52 =
Explanation: If we assume the total 100
32. In a family of 8 adults and some
minors, the average consumption of rice number of workers be x. ⇒ 5200 = 1600 + 775 + 55x
tu ⇒ 55x = 5200 − 1600 – 775
per head per month is 10.8 kg; while the Total salary of all the workers will be
average consumption for adults is 15 kg = 8000x 55x = 2825
per head and for minors it is 6 kg per head. Total salary of 7 technicians will be
The number of minors in the family is 2825
= 7 × 12000 ∴ x= = 51.36 = 51.4%
cs
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2004) 55
= ` 84000
(a) 8 (b) 6 Hence, the correct option is (c)
Total salary of (x – 7) workers will be
(c) 7 (d) 9 37. A company produces an average of
= (x − 7) 6000
/ss

Explanation: If we assume the number 4000 items per month for the first 3
Now we have
of minors be x. months. How much items, it must pro-
Then we have, ∴ (x − 7) 6000 + 84000 = 8000x duce on an average per month over the
or 8000x – 6000x = 84000 – 42000 next 9 months to average 4375 items per
8 × 15 + x × 6 month over the whole year?
= 10.8
s:/

8+ x or 2000x = 42000 (SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 1999)

⇒ 120 + 6x = 86.4 + 10.8 x 42000 (a) 4500 (b) 4600
or x= = 21
2000 (c) 4680 (d) 4710
⇒ 10.8x − 6x = 120-86.4 Hence, the correct option is (b)
tp

⇒4.8x = 33.6 Explanation: If we assume the average

35. The average of marks obtained by 120 production of a company in 9 months be
33.6 candidates in a certain examination is 35. x items.
⇒x = =7 If the average marks obtained by passed
ht

4.8 ∴ According to question,

candidates are 39 and those of the failed
Hence, the correct option is (c) candidates are 15, what is the number of 3 × 4000 + 9 × x
4375 =
33. The average age of 15 students of a candidates who passed the examination? 12
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2002)
or
class is 15 years. Out of these
4375 × 12 = 12 × 1000 + 9 × x
the average age of 5 students is 14 years (a) 100 (b) 120
and that of the other 9 students is 16 years. (c) 150 (d) 140 ∴ 9 × x = 12 (4375 − 1000)
The age of the 15th student is
Explanation: If we assume the number = 12 × 3375
(SSC CGL Prelim Exam. 2003)
(a) 11 years (b) 15 years of successful students be x. 12 × 3375
∴x = = 4500
Number of unsuccessful students will be 9
2 Hence, the correct option is (a)
(c) 15 years (d) 14 years = 120 – x
7

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