SAMPLE PAPER

~ [SOLVE□]
,11owed: 3 hours Maximum marb: 70
fJJlle tr11ctions: Same as the latest CBSE Sample Question Paper.
~~ •
~ •

SECTION-A
APoint p lies at a distance x from the mid point of an electric dipole on its. axis. The
1. electric • I • t P 1s
p0tentia at po1n • proportion
• al to :, • : ., '. ..
(a) -
I
• (b)
.l.3 . : (c) 4
I
; ;- .. •. · , ·
: I
(d) ·112 ' ·
x2 x • . x , : .. • i x .

%. The magnitude of the electric field due to a point charge object at ·a distance of 4.0 m
is 9 N/C. From the same charged object the electric field of magnitude, 16 NC-1 will be
at a distance of : -~ '-
(a) I m (b) 2 m (c) 3 m (d) 6 m
s. Which one of the following metals does not exhibit e~ission of electrons from its
surface when irradiated by visible light?
(a) Rubidium (b) Sodium ,
I • • .I f J' } \ I• I • )

(c) Cadmium (d) Cesium

. ' ,.• I ., \ i ,. • . '

4. A hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = 5 to n = 1 orbit. The wavelength of

photon emitted is 11.. The wavelength of photon emitted when it makes a transition from
n = 5 ton = 2 orbit is ' • . • ,; -. •• i • 1
', \ •

8 16 24 32
(a)
7 ■,.. (b)
1 t-. (c)
7 t-. : .(d)
7~
5. 1\vo parallel conductors carrying current of 4.0 A and 10.0 A are placed 2.5 cm apart
in vacuum. The force per unit length between them is
(a)6.4xI0-5 N/m • (b)6.4Xl0-2 N/m .. :~ ... · n._·,
(c) 4.6 x 10-4N/m \d).'3.2 x 'io-4N/m ''· •• ·-.~·. \~ '!,. •• '',\

6• The .:atio of the magnitude of magnetic moment to' that of angular moriie~bi~; of an
electron revolving around the nucleus in a hydrogen atom is : ,
(a) Zero 24
. (b) 9·27x 10- CJkg ·· ., , . ~ .
(c)8·8xI0 10 CJkg (d)6-6xl0-12 CJkg
. ·' .: .'•
7
• Along stratight wire of radius 'a' carries a steady current 'P. The,c~rrent is uniformly
distributed across its area of cross-section. The ratio of magnitude of magnetic field
-
Bl
a
at 2 and a; at distance 2a is • : , .! ~ , . ' 1 • • ••

(a) !. (b) I (c) 2 (d) 4

2

Sample Papers
 OIi (,,4) s ~n a tel ~p e, ~
lena _..
~ • m a nucroocope objoaiy., '- ; u' u
ee \ilt
111 the ftp re. The 1 11 inv erti ng a tela cop c, a ~
. ... ,. '
~ I'°
. length. __ .•.,..,,........ .,:-;~..-
'
:».. J ~
•
• : • j \ ..' 1
. .r' •• ..
(R) 1 Th e difference in -~
'
_.. .:
·\
• •• ... :1·· .~t. 1;;! !1~
much larger than 1n DUcroecope.
......._____ .i • -

,,. ,-,,,,0 t &gbt .-

1

• (A): Jf intensity of inciden .

pho toe lect ron is also dou bled.
~ad -
• • of ... __
•·· (R) : The ~metJc ~nergy . P•I · ·
VIO C~ .is .:a•
··

.
of inc ide nt light.
,-,O ~
"'rnicc_>nduetor, n ~ . . . , !!I
(d'. Al •• ' ' •, , •0 n (.4) : Jn 'n• type e,_ _.? •
... ... .. (c) Sodium • __ ~: ,•.1_,., ' unurf the num. ber density of, holes bnt th -,....
Vi •· "._.,., ·rNll tltl4" ·~
·····... ,. _,,,,,... . ·• . -- -
__ I. _WWLL . , .. . . .IIC
. Cb) Iron

II M l • - ~ , .core , . - loa in• lnmsfunner? -- ,, :, .,.,,,

_ .,·,
... ,..- U
neutrab ty.
.

"') Eddy c:um,111 are pioc!u<ed ~ ~

~!r on of a tran sfor mer .
• • 11 • (R)·: 'Jb e charge of elec
trons donared by donor -,a ··~~. JI
1 ·
opposite to that of the ionised don
or.·
y done in primary and secondary co•
IS, 1 .•.

(bJ Electric aux sharing is not properl Jle850 < • •'

_; SECTIOH
•

striction•
d in ~ iransfonners. due to rnag;,neto
I •: I
'I •:

'H' ~ ,., ~).• Hu _.. ..... ,i pn,c!uoe

!;
,,.; " . ., :.,', •!
'~.
•a!"r
, , •,•
(4) Primary c,oi1 ii made up ol'a w,ry
thidt copper :"""· '-i , ;'
• e following. giving reasons:
11. i _. i a+ ae■t 1lle elec
ele ctr o~ •
tric and the magnetic field of an gM tic .... . Artswer th . .
ng current, . __
.... .... ofl he_ ..,i sal ong d~m ~g~ by a_stro
18i jH d.. .i,. °II E_ _... m. ..., J7 (i) Ap•n jun ctio n dio de •~ on. ••
,.._. £-... , '~' C E-.X
•.•• :· . ,I•.:(·) B-1 .,,•• ,_1,,1,••' (d' - : - XE
,B
i -
· .. 1 purities are add ed m mtnns1c SCIDIConduct . . . . .. . ~ ..' '
. ~
~•• ..
:•,
, •11.
,. ,··-, ' .. &. •. : ,,,;:,
.
.,
:, ..
•• '"'
• I
.
•• , ... ,~-f.:, .,,,'4 > , .. ,•itt ~···
: ' _. ·: ' : •' (a) m • I .- ..
,, ,.. • . • abc is • ·' ·, .. ·.: surface where
A ~p h ~or photoelectrons emitted &om I
in the loop 2
11. TIie __ ..• W en d. curr
ent • • • •• L ,.j !, ! ; t •
sus
r ' 1

The figu re sho ws Vm ver

G )b 1~.' s and A. is the wa~elength o r~ la
~. ,_
.
''l • fl!·. \qj : ! ; , ~- :
I ..., _:> JS ili~ ma xim um d E'
spe ed of electron
;I
, · I
.. .
~ - •,,·' 1 .,
•~ 11(''
_, ,> t t ", /'
-~::. • • C,';
, f.i'd,
• ' hotoelC\.m
J_..- -:_
n, obta in the expr ession for
♦ ,I
~ p c equ atio
\.

• ~ •~ • ,,. •
, •'
.1,1, -f _;.
, •- em
• I ·1
,, 0•·
X mst
f,..,.,
't C , .;
•
V,a 1 an
_ •
• \.& .'. •
• 1.

"· ,,.
•d"• _
~-, •~;:,; gra ph
~- I •H!, - I . ·:. ,-•; . . •
, "'-!
. ,.
• • •
:.
J -· '-, 'I.. G l.::;tr: 1;1,.., ii -!; ,~-..1
• , Usin g this • •
ction of the surface.
Planck's con stan t and wor k fun
I
'. • '.l \ I

(b) along acb if/ increases .: _: ,.,,

. ...___:.=..:_ - •;: . . '. '; t.
~-
(4) alo nga bti f/u cu~ .. eases .• . A ....1 !
t ) • , ·' :· (d) al~ng a~c 1f' , •~c~ ,!t:''J
~
,_ if1 a>IISWl . ,!* ., 1

,, .. , ,,,. 1 • ·.11· , .. J;,;- ., •• I '

(c) along .. - oge nat om whichgivesriae ,'f _,:tf! • ~ •• {

• ~~, -_; elt~ •hl the

I:

1 Boh rm ode lofh ydr ..

_·' ,f~:- ·IF JfJ ~ 1 ~ !")~ f:
n• JI., teC1 mr- • ua
·t
,_P

nftlmgth. , ., ,.
to the [Link] line af higlaest 'J 01 .• oo
•
(b): n ~ 3 ton = 2 : •• 1i
(a) " • S to• • I •• •.• 1• ,
•;_,,,,,:· •• .. t
••::~ i I , I;;
..···•••• •

·'
1· ·•-· 1
·- ;: .
·1·· - ,,•,r'.,·,c:·il r '· 1\'d)n--4t on =2
••· ,,
• • ~ !;
·- \C ·•'T lOf t•
l)'
• • ...
•'• •l
•J .-~ '"i:j • '\ '1 l' -, :, ' '

(A) and other labtlW

... .J, ,'.

, a~~ ~ 'one lahelkd Assertion

1 ,1• l

For Qumou JJ to J', , - .,,; .,_ the options as [Link] below. , in the piano-convex and the
ff' to tMu tpUStions from ius of curvature of curved face
RetUOrt (R). Sa« t ti# con ed dlUW 19. In the given figure the rad material of the lenses is
I •

lanation ofAssertion. . each. The refractive index of the

_ ar, aw and Reason is correct exp ~
-

. piano-concave len s is 15 cm
·•

(a) If botl, Aum io,, ""'1 ._ ~

. - I •
'
tion ofAsstmOIL
' .

the image formed.

. .. . ... .. ' \ '

aw ht Reason is not the co"ect explana

• •-

1.5. Find the final position of

'. • • '

(b) If bot/a Assertion and R«un are

fl_. i • . •:

is false.
• (c) If Aum io,, ii lru 6,u lututm · £ , i • ,- •
.• f

ar, false.
(d) 1/ bot/a Aumioa ""'1 Rttuo,,
nd 50 Wa re connected
!'
11
Whe n thre e elec tric bulbs ofpower 200 W, l 00 Wa :,
' 11~-'· Auertion ~): by the 50 W bulb is maximum.
s to a source, the power consumed
l.
• ♦ ~

h! ·' :>t. '·,-, '·· .,.,,, in serie

h bulb, but the I 20a n
current is the same through eac
Reuoa (R): In a series circuit,
is different.
potential difference across each bulb
I
-:-
--- ~ 124 125
Physics-XII Sample Papers

-~
 li'WMll!ll'fliwl drfwlb I wi~AB, as shown in the figure. What h lar conductor MNPQ lrith a -...., ._ Jflr
the drift ,elocity along the wire? Justify your answer. apPtn1 to
,.. . Uie /I ,.ctan~agnetic field"' ''-n in lhe liilu,e, ........,;er..,.-.. '1 io lq,t ii 1
a ,e. onif°'.'•:1e. Obtain theexprhlion for lhe . ?9Mq,1~•1JW..
l, •I
\\
pegbgJ t induced in the loop specifying its dir-:- -..i ·
! l
• urren -- -,-.un. -..u
(1) c required to move the arm.
(ii) power
t x0..x
l( l(

[· ~ . . .. . . • • • I I
,-•. X I
iL ·Apoint [Link] air is plattd symmetrically at a distance of 60 cm in front f X X X X X '
apbaical surface of refractive index 1.5. If the radi~s of curvature of tho a co~ X X X X X
I X X I I
v• •
• X X X I I
20 CID., &nd the [Link] [Link] image formed. .• • , . ; e. SUrfact •II ,J·..
X X X
,. xxNxxxxx
OR
OR
(i) State the condition under which ~ large magnification can be achi .
_:_, Iese . . , ,. evec1 ... . •ng circular loop and a straight wire bent panJy in rlle i>rJD of'alemicirde
utronOIIIIWI ~.ope. . , ' ••• ' • ... aQ /I current ass
lacedcarry~own in the figure.
. Find th, lllagnitud, and clutai,,. of na magnaic
(ia) A telescope has been adjusted for relaxed eye. You are asked to adjust • are p int 0. '1· .· ·, . .
1 field at Po 2A
distance ofdisbna vision, then how.~ you change the distance between titWole for tast
• ·
SECTION-C . , .'ii .. 11 ·1/'+'; I _ nses?
.·, I '
. . • . I

n. (a) Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion giving an example of [Link] ,1_
,, "'1iF r1 j;

(ii) Explain the release of energy in nuclear fission and fusion on the basis of binding ~ 4cn,· I ,"-I

~rwrnudconcurvc. · 1,·. •
,• •· -••-•e, r-• ' , ,, · l l f

• •u. A parallel plare capacitor (A) of capacitance" C is charged by a battery to voltage v. The SECTION-D
battery is disconnected and an uncharged capacitor (B) of capacitance 2C is connected
across A. Fmd the ratio of •• ·, _ . •. ., • , '. .,,:·• · • , Case Study Based Questioai
, lI I I; I 'r, ' .'. • : \_, ·.. :, ' • '- • _{'. '-~

(1) final charges on A and B. %9. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
(ii) total electrostatic energy stored in A and B finally and that stored in A initially. DIODE AS A RECTIFIER:
!4. (i) Differentiate between 'impact parameter' and 'distance of closest approach' in Arectifier _is an_ electric~ device that conver~ a1ternating current (ac), which periodically
alpha particle scattering experiment. Identify, situations when impact parameter is reverses directton, to direct current (de), which flows in only one direction. The reverse
(a) minimum, and (b) very large. : . . .! operation is performed by the inverter. The process is known as rectification. From
(ii) An electron cannot revolve around the nucleus in a hydrogen atom at an arbitrary V-1 characteristics of a junction diode we see that it allows current to ~ only when
distance. Explain. • it is forward biased. So, if an a1ternating voltage is applied across a diode the current
25. Define current density and relaxation time. Derive an expression for resistivity of a flows only in that part of the cycle when the diode is forward biased. This property of
conductor in terms ofnumber density ofcharged carriers in the conductor and relaxation diode is used to rectify alternating voltage and the circuit used for this purpose is said
I time. . '! to be rectifier. If an alternating voltage is applied across a diode in series with a load,
1, ,. a pulsating voltage will appear across the load only during half cycles of the ac input
26. A series RL circuit with R • 1on and L = (1~O) mH is connected to an ac source of
during which diode is forward biased; such type of rectifier circuit is said to be hal~-wave
voltage V = 141 sin (100 Kt), where V is in v~lts and t is in sec~nds. Calcu late nd1
rectifier. The circuit using two diodes gives output rectified voltage correspo ~g to
(i) impcdence of the circuit (ii) phase angle, and . If 1 H it is known as full-wave recufier.
both the positive as well as negauve ha eye e. ence,fl er is provided . with • a centre
(iii) voltage drop across the inductor • I
·, For a full-wave rectifier the secondary of the trans or~ ectified by each diode is
%7. (i) How are infrared waves produced? Why are these waves referred to as heat waves? tapping and so it is called centre-tap transfo~mer. ;or half the cycle, but the
:tr.:::or
• Give any two uses of infrared waves. only half the total secondary voltage. Each diode~ thJir common terminals and
(ii) The charging current for a capacitor is~0.25 A. What is the displacement current two do so for alternate cycles. Thus, the output tween "fied output
across its plates. full-wave rectJ 1 •
the centre-tap of the transformer becomes a
~Ill'
E-
127 \ " \
.-~' I 126 Physics-XII Sample Papers
·-. .:,
~
 t1te l'ollowing ~ p h Ind "--tr ...................
......, w...rorm~ > / :\. .a a,ad • Desertl: To a distant observer, the light apn--.
;·P, N,'•\ IIP, T ;( r.. =~ ,.. ean .--..1o..-.....__
• Iii... I ~
lolirllIhe ground. The oboerver naturau, ...,...,. '-I liwlll;,..:::'•.,.._....,
• .'•.......• .: . 11
i,eloW say, by a pool of wat<r near lb, 1aJ1 ob.i<a. , . ..,...._. ha, die
u~
•'
e• - • ' _ , ., , ........ .
,. .rr0und,
.A
Dt , ·~·--··
tap •- ..: ~
K 7!T ~ }(:_
..
'2
.·,.... ...
\ \
•·
Dz Output ~ v v .,. V
Wl¥9fofl'T\Q T "' -
(aaoss I\)
(i) • 1b redace die ripples ia a rectifier circuit with capacitor filter
(a) Ri should be increased ••
tall obWt., •
(6) apacitors with high capacitance should be used Such inverted .images of distant
. ;J""'"' cause an optial · .
ph~nomenon 1s called mirage•. !his type ~f mirage is es _iDUSlon ro lhe_olJsenet This
. ~ common mhot deserts.
(c) input frequency should be increased
•, (i) Which of the following phenomena is
(tl) all of the above mirage in deserts? Pl'Olllinendy1Dehtdia11it1ar.....
(ia1 la a fiall-wne rectifier circuit operating from 50 Hz main frequency, th .. , ,,. . (a) Refraction, Total internal Reflection
[Link] &equency in the ripple would be e ·.:,,./ !(: ·;; .. i(b) Dispersion and Refraction
(a) 25 Hz (b) 50 Hz (c) Dispersion and scattering oflight
(c) 75 Hz -'. t ·._. (d) 100 Hz (d) Total internal Reflection a~d diffraction
(iia1 la figure shown, the input is across the terminals A and C and the output is
. al I • S
!)
·(ii)·•• Adiver at a depth 12 m insi~;water {•11 = 1ee1111e.a... .
-,••~•1e111-
acrossBandDthentheoutputis ·.•. ~, ···,,-:-"·• ,,::i, ,,1,._,i•:~ ;:• .b vertic ang e .
B . • '!
C
(a) sin-1 : (b) tan-1:
' • I
, L, .. : I ~!
'
,·)
(c) sin-1 ; (d) 90°
ti"I •J (iii) In an optical fibre, if 111 and lit are the ref1adite iDdices ofthe cere and cladding,
(a) same as the input
'!,
then which among the following, would be a comet equation?
(b) full wave rectified (b) n1 = Rt
'· (a) n1 < n2
(c) half wave rectified
(c) n1 << n2 - (d}n1 >flt
(d) zero . , . -. _1 1
(iv) A diamond is immersed in such a liquid which 1111 its rdr.c:tive indn with
(iv) In a full wave rectifier, the input ac bu mu value of 12 V. The transformer used respect to air as greater than the re&acdff index of water with respect to air.
is a step up one having transformation ratio 1 : 2. The de voltage in the rectified Then the critical angle of diamond-liquid interface • compared to critical
output is
(c) 21.6 V (d) 22 V
angle of diamond -water interface will
(a) 20.9 V (b) 21 V
(a) depend on the nature of the liquid only
OR
A 1' - 11 junction diode cannot be used as (b) decrease
'' .
(a) a rectifier (b) detector oflight intensity (c) remain the same
(c) source of light radiation , (d) amplifier (d) increase -~
1\
129 -··\~
111-
--- ·-
128 Physics-XII Sample Papers -· ~... ,....,.1
\ ...
~···
 te the signi gican ce of negative
..iue of eleccr 1 \ <
, . " . ,, (ii) Sta ·aJ ener gy of a system of char sa.
dJC.';, ..•.. ·.. ·' •: Oil '. I , .t> • (.
' ~. • •• I • ' • tenu
corne r, ofan eq-·:ilaenll
Po echarg es are place d at thea.....__
-tiO Jl of• 'light pipe ' made f
II Jn lfure. Odcalare
~.... .... .... .... . a .,._. ..[Link]
die pipe l• made ~ : " " - Ill.,,
0 ' ~• n le ABC of side 2.0 m as ••IIUW
,~-r ,J/l n ,-es LA- De ou- .....,- ing of anglea of lhe incld "'"lerfoi trta gl tric poten tial energ y of the 'Yltem of three
....... ,.i.e _.,. J.44. Whal i1 the ,... of lhe n in the fi eni ,.,. "IIiiIf
the e ec
low ing ~- 1how ◄~,
•ad o«* pipe for the fol - ":" .18 ---- • gure to Ge'lit charges.
oefficie nt of self-induction. Obcain an ftPl'a lrioa _. ••. ;J
. &ti
. g N- ..
D fine Jc noid of Jength I , area o f cr<>SS-tecti. on A ha,m
e so e
,,. (i) Jong

late the self-i nduc tance of a coil using the

followingc1arac,1v • ed .dlea •AC
11
(") [Link] ( 200)
mil
sourc e o £freq uenc y -,r- Hz and a DC sourc e ii appl ied. ,_ die
(b) 0 < i < 60°
(a) 0 < i < 90° (d) 0 < i < 30°
(c) 0 < i < 45° ., ,,., I 1 .! S. No. I , . , ~no . Y(Ve lll) J(A)
SECTION-£ -·,.
1 !r• '
- 0.5
3.0 I 4.0
t ,.. • • 1 t; I t I I 1.0
the _.1~a~ forma tion by a. refracti,'.ig t~Jesco
I 1
t
(i) Dra~ a labelled ray diagram sho~ ng 6.0 1.0 . 2 6.0 1.5
51. Define its magnifying power . Wnte two linutat1ons of a [Link] telescope ov:· 2 I
, 'i a 9.0 1.5 5 8.0 2.0
reflecting telescope.
the eye-p iece of a comp ound micro scope
3 I -OR,
(ii) The focal lengths of the objective and
lengt h of the micro scop e for obtainiarc
I .0 cm and 2.5 cm rcspecti"ely. Find the tube diagram, _describe the principle and working o( ft11f
an ae
ng (i) With the help of a labe~ ed
a magnification of 300. ' i- . ' ~ , , :; ~ -. . • ~ • "'...)
gene rator . Henc e, obtam an expre u1on for the instantaneous value o( the
OR
'> gene rated .
or a diagr am:. show how a pla~e wave is sts of•~ - turn s'?'~ • each o(~ 0.5 mz.
The
(i) State Huygen's principle. With ~e heJp (ii) The coil of an ac g~ne i:3tor consi magn cac field o( 0.8 T
of reflec tion. .0. The coil rotatm g m a
reflected from a surface. Hence verify the Jaw I 00 JS
resist ance of the wtre 1s
a const ant angular speed of 60 radian per
I < •• I

a three times magn ified virtua l image perp endi cular to its axis of rotati on, at
(ii) A concave mirro r of focal length 12 cm forms maxi mum emf gener ated and power dissipated in the coil.
the objec t from the mirro r . secon d. Calc ulate the
of an objec t Find the distance of '.
for the electr ic field due to an infinitely Jong
Use Gauss' Jaw to obtain an expression
52. (i)
thin straight wire with uniform linear charg e
densi ty A. .
.
j_,;
(ii) An infini~ly Jong positively charged straig ht wire has a linea r charg e densi ty A.. An
speed v such that the wire passes
electron is revolving in a circle with a const ant
plane , of the circle . Find the kinetic
through the centre, and is perpendicular to the
its charg e and linea r charg e density :.
energy of the electron in terms of magnitudes of
,, l, on the wire. . . !. f
1. ;
,.
• ,.

• energy .as a funcu·on oflm · ear charg e densi ty A.

(iii) Draw a graPh Of ki netJc J: ..

' •• . OR I

d at point s (0, 0) and (a, 0).

(i) Consider two id~ntica) point ch~rges locate
(a) Is there a pomt on the line· • • th
b) th . JOmmg em at which the electr ic field is zero? . ?
( 1s ere a pomt on the JineJ·oinin h .
g t em at which the electr ic poten tial is zero
~
..:~~-..... . ~'°'",._,

J us tify your answers for each case.

•,

Jill=:.
Physics-XII Sarttple Paper s
 ..
f, · (b) /tJ we know,
... ·,
-
~ilSWe
•· If
' BI •Bo =Pol
- (r>,)
~
2n(2a)
I , I
-SECTIDI-A : "t t,
JJ. ,(!.)
. I; B2 = 8 1 = ~ 2
~. . . .. 21t-
a2 (r <a)
I. (4) As WC know f • t
X _!_
81
(for am, 8 • 0,
. .
I. (c) As are know, E • 7
., ~Vo e-·
I
s' It'

i I•" .·. s;- 1

A diamagnetic material tends to mo,e &om
S. (a) fthe magnetic field. So, the numb erof1
'
:..-~l elll~
l I, I .- .- 0decreases. . lllllq U1 03P4ic
_
1IXf
The primary coil is made up of a very thick copper .
··and
9•-
16 . •. I ,
•·- ...:
. '.I ' , ,
···(~
9, (ii therefore ~egligible power Jou due'°....., a::-•"'!•
IXf -i resistance 1s very low, so the power loss II also "'Y lea po._ '. :. -~
16. 7-; ~!
,.,. • ., . ... ., ;
T
...(i,) , ) EXB (i.e., EM [Link] [Link])
JO. ,,
I •
.1 • I " • . i t
-
. --:-::_ .. ---·-1 y
from equation (1) and (ia) WC get, ( :·· I
KtJ _. ·~- -- - -
Envelope of E
,, ; I
9 '(6 I ,i 9 1.i .. ,
B chclmi dPftlPlllllw, .,
. 16 = Kq ~ 16 = 16 ' • --~--_. --- ·: .•• -~ ~;-. -·: flEM-.
-,i . 1' •..... - - -- --•'••• - - ..- . -~.J I
-- ~ ··---· J
Il((M J)lll
'W(Ill ~
:. r =Sm'> . )'
xt)J Ill /I/IX
-
t""•
I ' ~ '•
S. (c) Cadmium because this metal is not sensitive for visible light.
i
z
matm. ~ ~ ~(:} ~ :J ,' .":"
r ;• Envelope of B
4. (~ As mHII in wire x:y increases, according to Lcnz's law, the curmu induad
11. (d) When the current
I •( 1• 1) 24 • ~i in the coil opposes this increase, so the current in the coil will be clod-wise (u.,
· A~R 12- ·52 =: 25 R; • i
. j 1 i along abc).
. I. - : ( 1 .. 1 )' 21: •
'I
And A' =R 22 - -5 2 =100 R 12, (6) As we know, L\E=R8 ( ~•- ~•)
i
).' 24/25 96 32 he I
Now, -r= 21/100 =21=7 Also, E = '"f
).' = 32). Hence, decreasing order of Energy tramicion mulls the inatasing order fi
7 wavelength. So, the transition of longest wavelength iu=3 toa=l
same
I!. (a) Because power, P = !2R and in series combina~ cumnt always Bows
2
5. (d) Given, / 1 = 4 A,12 = IO A, d = 2.5 x 10- m
JJ.0/1/2 - 4,rx 10-' x4x IO = 3.2 x 10-4 N/m. through all electric bulbs.
Forccperunitlength,/s 27rd - ,rx2.5x I0-2 n (A) and Reason (R) are true, and ReasoD (R) i.1 the correct explanation
2 14· (a) Both Assertio
= _e_ of the Assertion (A).
Magnetic dipole moment _ evr/2 troOS are jnd,pendea< from inltllRIY ofinc;ideol
6. (c) Ratio, Angular momentum - mvr 2m 15• (d) The Kinetic Energy of photoeltc •
=
1.6 X 10-19
light. It depends upon frequency of incident light
16· (a) Both Assertion (A)
and Rea,on (R) are 1rue ,.nd ReaSoll (R)is rberorr<ct ~
[Link] l0-31 of the Assertion (A).
~II
= 8.8 x 101°C/kg 133 ~
.,~\\\
II'- . ~:•.
.;..:tt~~
• ;.:."
-..
Physics-XII Sample Papers :_a
~ , . ,.132 ,,,,,,,..,,.,.. -
~
: ....
.•
CL#_ : • { •• -------,-~ ,~
'
 •c field,/ = aE
SECTIOI-B ~ 1
,,. o.E :it E«A -
(i) When a strong current passes through the semiconductor it heats up th
SO, f the wire ifA incre..,. lh,n £ ..;a cleaea,,..,
. covalent bond are brok~n. H~ncc ~~ junction diod~ is ~a~aged. e crystal '114
~onl )oc ... Ji' . , ,
(a1 By the process of dopmg, ampunucs arc added m mtnnsic semic d itv,
' V4 . ,,,..,, ,
• ,,
~! ,.. ~. on Uctora to
---:Dve
increase the conductivity. . . v•... obility of electrons• constant)
o•-rn 1
IL From Einstein photoel«tric equation, £-::>V4 oc A !
~
t('
(K.E>... • ""f -♦0 "' ,,
.. :, "'. 1·1arly, ifA increases v4 wilJ decrease,.
SiJll == J.5, u = - 60 cm, R = -20 cm, v • ?
.
.,. ·
~
·,. I 1 At t
--
2 •. A . 0 --- ', '
OI

l ,
,1y1
t • .1 ,;~
tl,
Given,µ
erorn relation µ I JL-1
~
~
,·
... • • A • ..0 ,
v'•(.!!.)l-1.+ •1. ·,, , , : I . . ,.,,,, . lo ,.~ ,
,, I -·
I
---=-
v u R I'
t
I ,
I -.!H.-
I
,, : .
, }
·Aooording to this above equation
.,. '
a plot1 of \. , ,, '' • ' ..,,.,
,.o ---------·
2 ...
__ ~,'
1.5
v - (-60) - (-20)
t
11• ffl'leS
(">: • a .._;~
I ) IS i"IIU-ei..t
~ e.
lin. m
I
V = -36cm
-,I, ,l, 1'
OR '·
As compare from equation,,.= mx + C ') 'a) When final image is formed at least distance ofdiaina . . . .
So, ,-intercep~ C •
-2
-.-+ -;: '·J (I ~ lo ( ft) · .., 0 -◄-
0 m = ft l + D
211c ~ .
.
•r•"
. • "'
\
"· -- ..
(b) Magnification in normal adjustment,
and slope,• = • ~-~ \ ..,
'
I. • slope ·"'\ \ ' lo I
Now, n = -2c X •__ , .,..- ; ,.,:_
- T
\
m= ft
and +o = ; x intercept Clearly, for large magnification
"'
~ . •,
'
.,=--. ;y 1-J. .1 lo>> ft
,· !, ' ti' (ii) A telescope has been adjusted for relaxed eye. You are asud to adjust it b least
1,. F..,..;temmilir·, ~~} ~(1.s~li(~ ~'<~:si) distance of distinct vision, then how will you change the dislance between two lenses?
For relaxed eye, L = lo + f,
WC get, /= 30cm ~ \ :.·
( I
For least distance of distinct vision
L' = fo + ue , ue < [,
1 1)
Again, Il =<Ls-o ( <-Is> - 00 ,. Therefore, L' < L, that is, the distance will beckamed.
we get, f = - 30 cm '• ·'. ,. J !c
• ' 11 • , ,, 1;. ·;
r1:
ti
'!t
SECTIOH.
• : ,· • Using lens formula, } = ~- ~ ••• ,,, n.' (1) in
Nuclear fission: It is a process which· a heavy nucleus when excited (say on
1 ' bombarding by a slow moving neutron) splits into twO lighter nuclei of nearly
1
I 1 I • 1 comparable masses with a release of large amount of eDe1V - •
::) ,.
----=---
30 V .10
(•; U : }Q) , I,
1 ~ Example of nuclear fission ,
In+ 2:~su- 236u _ 144Ba +89Kr+!~n+({.
•-J I
::) ;,, : • ••• •I'
I
V - w-
1 I 3-1
30 = 30 i::s
2
30 a:
I
15 ,,
'I

.,,. ' ' ,: i o 92 92 ;6 36 .

Nuclear fusion: It is a process in which cwo lighter nuclei
•
fuse (at_extremsedey
lt of en"'"rr\"
0
1s relea •
I high
. , _ v•l5cm temperature) to form a heavy nucleus an(11arge .imout ''
Ill
;:L 1 ,t;'.~' 1 \t I I , I l. • I I•
f • I Example of nuclear fusion
~~~{ ·_ 135 .,\~\'
Physics-XII 8anlplePapers
~~~~c~
l!t-¥-\~~1'-:, .>F: ~-
 (1) fH+~H-:H+,++v+Q. d• g to Bohr's second J>Oltulate electro.
-◄~
• t,P,Of m . nA ---~•
i (2) IIH+tH-'H
I l , +,a+ll
'<I (dl aular momentum '"2i •The ohlen-.,i .,.,_. /f\ulj,'j •
,ne- ,.
i ? +?H -
(3) ll : H +:H + <la ·, ; •••
nt per unit crou-leClion area or the QJndaa,,, i,
this, 1
· (ia) 11le buiding·encrgy per nucleon of the products in the nuclear r'-' • '
fission and nuclear fusion) is greater than that of the reactants... ·... ctions ( n ,
..- curreed by [Link] per unit· dn'ft I . of -'----
•'· de"°'
ve oaty an ......,.. ii
IS. (i) Total charge on A, fA • CV • an free P .
After connected with capacitor B, •• ,., ,\,
~e ted by t. fl h l d ~:-_.
....A. .... ,p- illla.· · · ·,· ·9
.,,,.,.
~
• ,.•_I t d<I"'. a conductor o engt an a·- -
qA+,, CV V; Co""d<ef· d across its ends, the CWTtnt
·1. • ': If• ii•• 1s "•
y is applie me in the condu~r ":"II•• [Link],..,......_.,.
vmmaaD • cA +c,. 2C+C · , , '!
V) CV "' per unitn volu
curren
t and drift velocity IS
, . , 111
Now, final charge , q'A • C(3 • T i...twee
~ • I= -neAv, · ~
, (V) 2CV e is the charge on electron (t = 1.6 x Ur yC) ...-,
,,-2er•s· I
where -
• field procluced at each point of wire, E. =-, .
. -CVs E)e<lflC
(ft JS
• um
• re1axauon - e and E is electric field
etE . Slrength. diai clni......,
. ..
...(ii)
So, Ratio, -r.=
fA
2CV
s
=·2-:
t

I
a~l ! . i, • ••·,·,,• . , fl- , ,

Vi1 = ---;;-
~

;.,
...(iii)
i Ii l
substituting this value in (i), we get
•. - - • "'· '-' ' ... _; -
.,
• t •
(ii) Initial energy stored on A, ~ ' et ) or
' ,_ I= -neA ( --;;;E t
I= nemt AE ,. ...(iu)
u =lcvt
A 2 ,. .J .,· ' ( 1 _j ,:i, ~ I
Now, finally energy stored on A and B both,
As E = V [From (ii)]
Er=EA +E, l
1
1 (v) 1 2 (v)
2 2 2 AV V• •m 'l
ntT ••
]=--- or-=---· ...
= 2C i +2 C i m l I n,2-r. A :. . ...(v)
1•(v2
-- -SC
2 T
)
•,( ,,
I
l' l ·1 ·I ·, ' ( I ) nt2t
Current density J = A =-;;;i-V.. . - •. ,, ;
,.
p
cv' uA I •
This is relation between current density j and
= T=T applied potential difference V.
UA Under given physical conditions
. Ur T·· l
Now, Rauo, u=-=-
,1 VA 5 o "••
'I ,I

(temperature, pressure) for a given

conductor ____ ,____
'..J .... m l ·" .•
24. (i) Impact parameter is the perpendicular distance of the initial velocity vector o~ the ne 2T. A= Constant • L -~
·' , , , a - particle from the centre of the nucleus. •, ..__ _ _ _ y - - - - " " " 1
Distance of cloaat approach: It is the minimum distance between the projected _a- :. This constant is called the resistance of
particle and the nucleus of target atom at which the kinetic energy of the a. - parucle the conductor (i.e. R). ·' ,
...(111)
becomes equal to potential energy of a. - particle in the field of nucleus. m l
1.t., R =--·-
Minimum: When o. - panicle rebounds back ( 8 = '77') ne2t A ... (via)
, .n
Very large: when a - panicle goes nearly undeviated and has a small deflecuo
From (v) and (vi); V = R
(8 = o·> . , , ., I ·\ .,. \ .. .:=;ljjlr
l~-- \
.l/4, I 136 Physics-XII Sample Papers
137 ~~
/J
:·
·
,,. ..
 lthis is Ohm's law. From equation (va) it is clear that the resistance r
.. - . . . .
~~~H· 111 length (l), aoss-secnonal . o a \Vire d Induced current in the~ -: . l
. area (A), number of electrons per tn~ (n) and th 'l>h. ••
,l
time (t)
·11wn
-.,ressaon
•
·• . £or. • • • , ·I ' •
I '

• ··"",
' "'~
I • • 1, I,-, • .r, • ·•· "' • • -

,>
•
J
----
• •• 1• t Blv ·, .. . .
, , f , • I• • •
.•
resiltlvaty: , ' • ' ••
• •- I • ·:1. , •
! ,. ,, r ' t
; ,,1
(b) Directio_n • anbelockwi,e or
.. Power requared,
aloag NMQf
l \. • .
i
I
,, I .• l'la
.la . ·, R• ..... i. ) :,'I I' ,, .. \, "
(u) p == Fv s:: /Blv
.
A 212 2 r
B rv
,... :·[Link] (w)ancl (viii), we gtt . • • ) '
:t, ;;-.•
!
'••("-) =-,
.
1. I
. .'' ' ' ' . '• ·,: ; ,,'
:I • ·,. , , [I
I' ' )
,I
01
•
•i . ) .. Resistivity of aconduttor p•-r ·.,. i-"I
'_. .......1 q
l I ,1._• : l Finding magnitude and direction of net
1! I
1,i, .
"' t ~
• •
•' f ' t
\ ., • ! .·, t
I
···(It) Magnetic field due to inner circle at O, IDagnak &eld • , -O
\ Clearly, resistivity ofaoonductor is inversely proportional to numbe
'
r density ofcl
B =µof
- •·' .. ., 2A
- .....
and relaxation time, ' ,·, 0 'i -· -~·•,
,

., ''... ' 1 2r
--- - x
•
I ' /, I I
Resistivity of the material of a oonductor depends upon the relaxat 21t x 10 -7 r· • / • ~
io . -=
temperature and the number density of electrons . n time, i.,~ 4xl0-2 I
n. (i) Jmpedmce Z • JR'+ x~ ,•:· ..• l ..;, . t, ,, ' (XL =·roL) TC 5 4•
= -xl0- T (into the page)
L
2 ,.
= J100+(1001Cx 1~ x10..s}2 = 1~i2n Magnetic field due to semi- cirdc ~t O,
X . ' .~ i
1
• \ ~ • ; ! r1 • i~. l ',
i
,.., I ...
µO/ 1 . ' •' ) , • •,!,
( a, nliUC an&_, tan♦ =
= l , , . ______
RL • ' •• ::. \ •111'
':\ DL-- ..I. u:1
- · "
• I
••
r I
'•,\f
I •
I - •, ., ' •• t.,.
, '
.
X
:\ •
B2 = 2r·2 ·,,
•:; ,..
:. ♦ • ,t or45°
I"
2TC X 10 -? X 2 . J[ , •
= -2 =. 6 xI0-6T (outofthcJ>al')
(iii) Voltage drop, V,. =I,. XL 12Xl0 X2 • ... .,
Bne1=B1-B2 .•. ;.
= 141 X 10 141 V = _5 V
./2 X 10./2 _ 2 • 70
= = (; x 10-5- ~ X 10-5)T ::= [Link] 10-5T..
• '·• ,·i •
) '
27. (i) Infrared waves arc produc ed by hot bodies and vibratio Direction of the net magnetic field is into the~. since 8 > Bt,
ns of molecu les. They art
referred as heat waves because they are rapidly absorbed by water 1
molecules and
increase their thermal energy and heat them.
Uses: • • . .. , • f; ' ~~- ,•J!'
SECTIOH
.,- • j • 'j 29. (i) (d) The ripple factor (r) of full-wave rectifier is po by
(a) Dehydration of fruits.
,· 1:
IP ; 'J r= 1 1 1
R Cv • roe R' roe. vand roe C
(6) In greenhouse Effect. ••1 4/3" 1
·. ) ( I "f , 1'1
L L • •
,
(c) In remote switches.
• - . .- i
So, to reduce r. R, and C mu,t be ma,ased and input Crt<p-r should be
(ii) The displacement current is equal to the charging curren increased ~ i.
t. So, displacement current •' ~
• l. i' I
• •' I ·, • I !,_'
__ _is also 0.25 A
(ii) (d) In a full wave rectifier, fundamental mqueocy in the ripple,
28. (i) (a) Magnetic flux enclosed by the loop MNPQ
•. ~
fr = 2 X input frequency
♦a= Blx . = 2 x 50 = I 00 Hz
Since x is changing with time, the rate of change of flux cj> will induce (iii) (b) During first half
given by 8 an e.m.f. cycle the diod e~ ,IJ.;.. CD is li,rward biaKd and
- during the next half cycle, the diode - BC and AD is inward bias<d-
-d♦B d Therefore the circuit behaves as a full wave rectifier.
E -= - = --(B/x )
dJ dt
IEI = Blv (iv) (c) Here, input, V7lllf = I2 V ~II'' '
~-= - '~~'\
13~ ii~, ,,
/!n/}3B Physics-XII Sample Papers
'.,",:
C ,,,,.,,,...--~• ~
' • ' ;','.,}--/: c!,
 • cident rays which make lftllaia.._ _
l'ealdnput voltage, V • fi V,. • llfi V •
Since, the uans&,rmer0 is a stet> up • •• / 'fhu•
of theall_
pipe,n will suffer lolal internal 'dloaion. iia:llle-.,.
SECTII-E ,.,....,.,
transformer, having turns rat' 1
maximum output voltage of the u-ansformer applied to the
diod : .' 2, lo._
V' " 2V • 2 x12fi • [Link] V '
•• • • , w,11 ho "" ,....
0 0
~ 2><24./2 ,,. (•1 'l!--
... D.C. voltage output, [Link] • K = 3,14 . -= 21.6 V
1
... [Link]•2t.6V !
OR . . ... 1:: ·L lJ.
r l!JcJ ..........«:,,.~:
_ .,,__..........
. !I
. _ ···--·
• l ) ~
A
Ii ;
(ti) amplifier • I 1,.1 ~ !
I
SO. (i) (a) Refraction, Total internal reflection !
: ./
!'.
.:i ./4.
(ia) (e) By Snell's Law,
r.

...
...... --I
sinC
. C• I

['11. s : (given)] i
i ,: t-
~= r:·~.
\T

- ..,.:. -.... ..•---·

B"

-;~•::•_·
.--
.•.,-·•1/··
'• I "'
:) SID - j ' ,·: ; fdagnifying Power: The magnifying [Link] a tdelco
a,. pe. 1111
... " -1 (j_) - (.!)
C • SID • 11• 7 sin-I 4 .. ·,.. , •• .• ·•.-:¼r ,. ·; •. •.l
.. j
I
., . · ,of angle (P)subtended by final
·, ._,
, ' \ 0n the eye, J.t.,
image
•
on the,...
'
to lbt __.. •--. -.....ied by the ralio
-r(c)IINI-Jlded'-
• .
.......
~
-,-
(ii&) (ti) The refractive index of the core should , . . l , I
•• • '
B .-.:, ,. u7
be greater than the refractive index .. .;".. ·,~ Magnifying power M ~ a ···; • ,•
. ' :J I .
the cladding. (U., a > n,) . • ' 11 • ,·/ • •. • •
1 • of : •· · •'· Two limitations. of a refracting telescope O\'ff a
1 11,1 ~ l ' µ, rdleaing.,1:L. .•.
(iv) (ti) By Snell's Law, '11, = -;;c"-= µ,' •µ, = sin C' · (a) Less resolvmg power. • ,,. , :••
= µw
(b) Difficult mechanical support.
.. ' :• :• 1,
-
- •
.. ,
!1
111 > µ., · (c) Less bright ~mage.
• I
,\
Thus. C > C' (inaeaSCS) -~ I ! --:: :\
•I
' i) • 'Ct • (d) Suffers chromatic aberration
'.-- ·, • , 1 (e) Image suffers with spherical aberration. {a,M )
( •. "j
r, • ! t l; ; j
•.i ~l'"!:_,
C.
1 •l I 1• \
···OR -~ •I,} (ii) Here ,/ = 1.0 cm,/, = 2.5 cm, m = 300,J) =
0 25an,L =? I '•••
Magnifying power, •
, ..
(b) By Snell's Law, 1Jlt: su!c '' ,' .• ,!•I ...1(• , • ., •• ..
,• 11 ' ,
L D(h
m = 7r. '·
·J, :-c..:tv).
w en image at_ U,.LLll,IAJ
sine'= !:: = 0.8571 ,.' ~, I I .~ ,(

11 0 , , , , . . 1
L . 25
•
•••
~-·....•
• I :) C'•59 ° . ',' ' ';,,' . ⇒• 300 = Io· ii I •• _:,L!
Total internal reflection will occur if the angle i' = i',,' -".
; I t :' ' ~ '
L = 30cm ,..J, l. • ~ •,,:._ 1
f!
1
i.t., if i' > 59° or when r < rmax• where rmax = 90° - 59° = ., '
' I
31 °. . OR
Using Snell's law, .. (i) Huygens principle: • •' • • ' "
sinimax = 1.68
,,, Each point of the wavefront is Jhe of a ...,..ia ry
wavelets emanating from these painJS ,pttad OUI in all diff<UO
di,turb antt and di< '°"""
:•
the wave. These wavelets emanating
ll5 widi di< ,p«d of
or t sin imax = 1.68 X sin 'max froul Jhe wo,el ioal.,.
secondary wavelets, a common ,angen 1 10 all 11- ,pbet< u,uaDy rtfen«I ID"
1;.,:d1_ , 1' '
= 1.68 x sin 31° = 1.68 x 0.5150 = 0.8662 an<' di< - pmitioll of
the wavefront at a later time. \ •lllfl" •
imax = 60° ..
C...
140 Physics-XII Sample Papers
141~.. ~~~
. ~- -::::::
-:<,::t . . \\\-,
- .

0t
:;;if
. ,\~\ _fl,

'.:
I
 . ..
' , ·'
I Al Ais charge per unit length and leaitJaiaf
·\lrilcadosi oflaw «rdeJion= ., by 855umed surface =- (Al) ·'
~
1 ! I·
In MIC Ad'. 6CIA • ••
.. . . -·· . By GauH's theorem : ·
•• I
EC•AB .. , •I. E,JS=- e x charge enclosed
LAEC•LCBA ('JO°each) ~ 1 0 .
AC• AC '(common side) • ~ I
:::> E21Crl = e(>J) .. =t E .,;L
I . . .
By llHScongrufflC.16A£C 1 ACBA Ml~~rm't~~~m-lJ~i •
: ,, '
, IO '• • •
..
• , 2ra
,,
~Li•Lr • ceoncave mirror] ' ' ,• ' . Infinitely long charged wire produces a radical~.~..
A . . .. . -.;ux._
<•) ~ . , - -tian, • • + s I
•••• (uJ
E ==- ... (,)
Now,••-• •S 21C£oT .
~ t1 --3•
The revolving electron expericnca a n ~
Using mirror &,nnula, force . . c ] ....:. ·
I l l and provides necessanlr centnpeta1 ~
! -+-
-- • t1 2
I I I I !:!._!_
,J
eE = 7mv ... Ci\
,u, •
~ -12 •• - • -s; - 511 511 el\ mv2 2
mv = -
e"A. +
--=- ~
12x2
- .,- • - 8 cm . . ... - •• 2xe0 r r 2XEo
I • • •
.
• • • •·
.." • • .. C . •_ • •\. • ,·,-'1._, '\ • •-i . ..:.... :,-,
..
SI. (I) Demic 11W ae ID iD&aitely long, thin and uniformly charged strai h . l{inetic energy of the electron, K = ! _,2 a ~
2 •re.;,.
Consider an infinitely long line charge having linear charge density ). g t "ire:
metre-I (linear charge density means charge per unit length). To find th:o~Io~
field strength at a distance r, we consider a cylindrical Gaussian surface 0 ~ t (iii)
r and length l coaxial with line · , • - • 1 •
"" un= cylindrical Gauss1an
...- &... 'T'L-
ri.... • ... .- ..
• ,•
E; ,1!·,,;,
dS -
• • tj E 1 E
ra us t \_ ! : ., f 1~
surface may be divided into three
pans: (1.) Curved surface S 1 (2.) ~
f1at surface S2 and (!.) f1at surface .. .,_--1,11-+i S1
S• d~ r ' -- ~
3
By symmetry, the electri~ field ......... + + + + + + +.+:' + • •+ + ++ + + + + +......." A~
\, ·r·· .i ·1, J OR
has the same magnitude E at each
point of curved surface SI and is (i) (a) Yes, electric field will zero at mid point.
directed radially outward. Electric field being a vector quantity, its resuJtmt is zero.
(b) No, potential cannot be zero on line joining the charges.
We consider small clements of surfaces S1, S2 and S3 The surface element vector
Electric potential being a scalar quantity, the net potential due to two identical
. .
• ~. ➔
dS1 is directed along the direction of electric field (i.e., angle between E and dS1 IS charges cannot be zero.
....
zero); the clements d~ and dS3 are directed perpendicular to field vector E (1.e., (ii) Negative value of electrostatic potential energy of a system signifies that the system
➔ -+ ➔
..
angle between ~ and E is 90° and so also angle between dS3 and E ). has attractive forces. • +4.0t,C
Potential energy due to between two charges, '· • • OA
Electric Flux through the cylindrical surface
! E • dS = hE • dS1 + fsf E • dS2 +LS E • dS3 U = 1 X qlq2
I 5 4rc E O
r
~ ,r ' •••
I
_ a: kt
f5i £ ~s, cos ?o + E dS2 c~s 90° + Is, E dS3 c~s 90° P.E due to system of three charg~.
=fEdS1 +0+0. U = 1 fqAqB qBqC + qCqAJ 1
B_
.....o,ac
47C E O r + T T
=Ef dS 1 (since electric field E is the same at each point of curved surface)
= E 2rrrl (since area of curved surface = 2 nrl)
9
= 9x 10 [-16-8+8]xI0- =-7.2XHr2J
12 ,. ,?Ill' I
~=~-.: 2
-$;;✓ 142 Physics-XII Sample Papers
143 ~-~~'.::,_
~..,..~•-
-~.....~·
;,;.;,;

~
.• ..\~ ·=-~
••
 Coe [Link] indlldio- is defin ed as
with a coil when ~nit curr ent Bows thro the amo unt of mag net·
ugh it. • , • , • ,.
Self lndu ctme e of a long air<O red IOlen oid: • • "
•c flu"
•
aslod ,.. . .
•• Z- z.
--~.i;,., •
.~
Com ider a long air tolen oid having "n• -~ .
in IOlenoicl isl, then magn etic field with num ber of turn s per unit 1 I •
• y ~I " -
~ in the solen oid, B • [Link] nl engt h. If cu for DC, Ra •-• --•
~
Po • ff x_1c / I
r' bear Y/m dtt is ~he penru ,abili~y offr ee spac e.
If A II croa eecuonal area of .,}en oid. then 6
R,• 1:5 •40
lenglh I ii♦ • NBA wbel'e N • wl is the num efTcctive flux linke d • h
brr of turn s in leng th ;•~ SOienoid 8
. f soleno·d or
.•
,: .' R,• ·4•4 Q .. '
....
•
.. .. I •
... ..
. - Ri + R2 + Rs 4+4+
a•
i
Sinul arly, R- 3 = 3 4 •4Q
.'
"I · ~ ' -.... ,, , _ : i;• , :•
t, •· ~ t , -·.. •, ,......
'.
- ..
--- 4.,.
! ,''
,. ~ :
\.l
,.
f',. ;
r;- jt d
~-.
,; ! ' ./

..
i i . J :,..
;( I .
~'"
L= /36- 16
. 211: x ~
,t

Ji;
72 ... ·- .
-~ •0.0 JII
400 ,400
:. • - (ttl &f) • ·• I
= 1. I X I 0-1 ff • JI mff
Substituting the value of B from (1) OR·
... (i) AC gene ~tor : A dyna mo o~ g~ne
< rato~ is~a device which con,ens owdaanical enelJ
:. ♦ • ...a 1 ..4R ... (ii)
. ., into elect rical energ y. •- 1
11 • .
~ .', , Princ iple: It work s _on the
1 • , •
.-. Self-induaance or•·aenoicl ~
' pri?c iple of clearomagneac indaaion. When
a coil
),
rotat es conti nuo~ sly ma n:iagnetJc field,
thc~ ~are aofth e-mi llinie dnor mall y
L • -♦ • .__.I Al . . , with the magn euc field Imes , chang es
/ r-u '
••• ('")
m ' •••• "' • magn etic flux with time resul conbn uoml y wilb lime. This Yariation al
If N is the tocal number of turns in lengt ts in the pro d~ ofan akem atinge mfin
the coil
hl then '•., ,;. • - .
~
- .
• • -Nl '-
·, '
Annau 9col
. (N)
T ' Al ··,,
··~
.-.
C
Sclf-mductanee L • llo
1 ..
91oN A ___ --~ --~- -----
-- _.,,.
...
'
_._... I
Reaa rk: If aolenoid conta ins a oorc of ,,j :t
permeability 1,1,,, then
ferro magn etic subs tance of relative
~
~, a......_ i~
• ·
~ •l . • • •: , ., .I • - . !_ •• •- .,
1'-,Jl,o~A •... ·,;-: ,-,: . r •• 1
self andu aanc e, L -. . . . ·
1 • [ I
1 __ _•• /R1
<•> For induc tees raisw lce, 1XL• O>L - 27rfL
= ✓z 2 ... R 2 , •
'i, \i,
Slip rings
Lam
f\.
or Jz1 -R2 "-I¼
. 'Bz
L- . i7rf
, From the table , Z - (V) . ·•...
• • I Work ing, Whe ~ the arma ture coil
mag~ ettc flux lmke d with the coil d,ang is rotakd in the - magn<bC &cld. the
1 .... s
•! \
tts dir_e ction bein g given by Flem ing's
<S and the cunff ll is u,duc ,d in the
COO,
For AC, Z1 - right band rule. eoo,iclering the ..,,... ..,.
0 _5 -=60 be tn verti cal posit ion and as it
down
10 ward and cd upwa rd, ,o that -the dire<ti in dockw isc diJ«bO D, the woe at..., ...
6 OO of induced current is ,ooWI
z, - In the exter nal circu it, I in fig.
~ ~
--=6 0 the curre nt OowS along B,
I rema ins unch RLB,- "Ibe c!ir,dion of current
I
ange d durin g the first half ,urn of armature·
9 revol ution , the wire ab move s upwa rd 50 Duri?g ,ccond
Zs= - = 6 0 and cd downwanl. the d i -·.'of cu....,. ·>
1.5
II
145 ~----~./:'.((•;:{t;,
144 Phys ics-X II Sample Pape rs
.-.,.~~-
·i: ... , ......"'
~~
....
 g ~2 ~,.B,. Thus the d'
is reversed and in external circui~ it flows alon carcmt after each h I •reqiori
induced emf and current changes m the external
rotated with a con sta nt:: tevo1uli0raOf
hpr eui oa for Jaducecl emf: When the coil is
tor B and the area vector Jul ar s~
m, the angle 9 ~tween the m~gnetic ~eld vec
As a result, the effiect· of th,
at any instant t JS 8 • O>l (assummg 8•• 0 atht • 0). • h • the flux at
•ve a11ea ofCot ,L~
coil ex- .-1 to the magnetic field Imes c anges wit tame, any ti .."
t"""' -"' Ille t ia
♦,= BA cos 8 • BA cos O>l
ting coil of N turns is the
From Faraday's law, the induced emf for the rota n,
d♦, d .
E • -N dt • -NBA dt (cosed)
Thus, the instantaneous vaJue of the emf is
£ =NBA msin O>l
of the emf, which occu
where NBAm = huNBA is the maximum value rs when sin uw
= ±1. If we denote NBAm as So, then
£= Ec,sin ml ~ £ =£oSin 27tVt
erator's coil.
where v is the frequency of revolution of the gen
hence the current is also al:tern .
Obviously, the emfproduced is alternating and . ating.
not be measured b
Current produced by an Ill generator can
r full cycle is zero. y .moving coil
gahanometer; because the average value ofac ove
of rotati f
The source of energy generat ion is the mechanical. energy. on o armature
coil. .
(i,) Given, N =100,A =0.5 m , R = 100
2 !l, B = 0.8T, co= 60 rads-•
Emf generate,
£o =NAm/J =JOO X 0.5 X 60 X 0.8 = 2400 volt
2
2
(24 00)
. . ted, P =
E,_ ./2 .
Power d1ss1pa - = - - - _ 28 8 kW
R 100 - •
Il l
r,
-
L:;-
~
146 Physics-XII