SAMPLE PAPER

[SOLVED]
Tillle allowed: 3 hours Maximum marks: 70

c;eneral Instroctions: Same as the latest CBSE Sample Question Paper. .

SECTION-A
1. An electric dipole having a dipole moment of 4 x 1o-9 C m is placed in a uniform
electric field such that the dipole is in stable equilibrium. If the magnitude of the
3
electric field is 3 X 10 N/C, what is the work done in rotating the dipole to a position
of unstable equilibrium? ·
(a) 0 (b) 1.2 x 10-5 J
5
(c) 2.4 X 10- J - - - (d) - 1.2 X 10-5 J
%. A free electron and a free proton are placed between two
oppositely charged parallel plates. Both are closer to the I+++++
+++ +I
positive plate than the negative plate. ® e
Which of the following statements is true?
I. The force on the proton is greater than the force on the
electron. j- - - - - - - - - I
II. The potential energy of the proton is greater than that of
. • . the electron. . 1,... .-, • •, , .i

III. The potential energy of the proton and the electron is the same.
(a) I only (b) II only · (c) III and I only · (d) II and I only
3. Which of the following statements are TRUE about Ampere's circuital law and
Biot-Savart's law?
Ampere's circuital law ' . '· •, ..
Biot-8nart'1 law · ·.. ·
p Considers the net current passing through considers the contribution of each
'.
a
given surface element' of current in a·· conductor to
determine the magnetic field
Q Applicable only for current flowing through applicable only for current flowing
straight wires, coils or a circular loop through straight wires
R Is similar to Gauss law in electrostatics is . similar to Coulomb's
,
law m
electrostatics
s Can be applied for direct currents only can be applied for both direct and
alternating currents

(a) only P and Q (b) only Q and S

(c) only P and R (d) only P, R and S

._ Sample Papers
 _ ., .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ t w f t h _.u, wfdth oro., 1
J. Ge I• doped with Aa. Due to doping. ' ,

...,,r...,.
~ ---'· •'maxim••
,-___ ......--...u..-1
number of fringes
is~ (/J) niore
_....,
·
(a) the structur e of Ge lattice is distorted.
(b) the number of conduct ion electron s increase s.
(J) dill the cennl ·a

(e) leis~ offt'inseS · , . · ('> no diffi"action pattern . v (c) the number of holes increases .
(d) the number of conduct ion electron s decrease s.
• • et rays . . '
')!_, (o). _ I .... - - • - - - -
_ , ;rays
Infrared · (/J)-Ultraviol >. battery supplies 0.9 A current through a 20 reai9lor and O.S A c:anat dl-sJI a 70
12
· resistor when connect ed one by one. _The internal ftlliatan ce of die ~ is ,.
. _. . • -. (e) X-rays , (d) Gamma rays ,-... ,:-' .. ,
8. ne-- 11cMC1 ...,_.a1E MF-dle cm'l'ell tfa•aeri esACcir cuit~;_; 1
-·'·.~ , .
(a) 20 _ . . (~) 1.20 , ,. " . , ·. . (e) -~ 0 _ (ti) o.?Sn ..
,:.
E • £,. d ••II • ,. •
(CIII+ 1(/51 reapec:ti,,ely, then it is : ·. : · , '' •· : .. ,{
·· ~2..:- ., (blestionS JJ to 16, two statnnen u apy per, - -. 1abdJMI ~
(.4) _.,, .,_,.1a 1•t1
(o) necessarily a RL cin:uit . _ _ , _ . (1>) necessarilY a RC ~ir~~it -- -
:..on (R). Select the correct answer to these IJ'"mou/,...,,- .,,,,-. ..
;on.., _, . . _
· , (d) can be RC or LCR circuit ,__
(a) Assertion and Reason aFY trw and~ - u eorrw:t ~of, ....,.
(t) necessarily a LCR circuit ·
. 7. A pue ,_.,.. i. u I C1e4 ••AC power ll(Nll'Ce u shown below. (b) Assertion and Reason aFY trw but &as~-~ ,,ot the conw:, ~ ofAWrlio L
r : .I i -1 ", .tt.•;l : •. , : ,•.• ,-..: : ,~ ..o-~, !

·•· . >< ·: r :") ... (c) Assert:,"'! is"!'~ but lutuon is false; , . ··= , .· _. ·' _, .:
_ ,
_. ,~·:-,iu .. ;" .L'' (d) Both Assertio n and Reason aFY false.
1:1, ed in series to a
u. Assertio n (A): Two Jong parallel wires. freely suspend ed and connect , .
battery, move apart.
each other.
Wlddi ofdtdllJo wm& If 1 ect(l) ir/Ue TRUE? . · " ,. _. • " Reason (R) : Two wires carrying current in opposite direction s repel
I: The a'lffaF current flowing through the ~rcuit during one ful} cycle
is atom co.;sists of only one electron but its emission speqrtim
14. Assertio n (A) : Hydrog en
, zero. , r;: , ;
many lines. , \ \
I ~• . •, ') I ' <J :· ,
. ., has •. ....,.
sc.c I eat D : The current in the resistor leads the y':)ltage by rr/2. , • ,'!
Reason (R) : Only Lyman series is found in the absorpti on spectrum
of hydroge n
SCreemeu1m: The average power dmipated ~y the ~tor_i~ z~r.O:: atom whereas in the emission spectrum , all the series are found.
.-:- (o) only I (h) only I and II .•;n. ,··,. ed as a single
,. (d) all - I, II and III ., " 15. Assertio n (A) : Mass is not conserve d, but mass and energy are conserv
- · · (c) only II and IU : rgy. . ' ..... ,.,,
entity called mass-ene
state to a higher energy )ftll with Einstein 's
8. WIien • elec:aoa ic • &a - from the ground
,r Reason (R) : Mass and energy are inter-con vertible in accorda nce
wlaat llappem 111D it■ kicetic and potential energies? .> ;:. • I ; •1 : • , •
.kicecic .
' • ;• •
' relation , E = mc2 • , ,
energy ' potential eaecgy : . .
1 I
~f; gi~~~ ~a~erial ~~ases with an. increase in the
(a) increases . 16. Assertio n (A) : The work function
t UIO'ealCI . ., + 1•
41
(6) increases ) • I 'cl.. ll ~-- ·:, ,, f~ frequenc y of the incident radiatio n.· '
Reason (R) : As per Einstein 's photoele ctric equation hv = ♦ + KE, work
decreases '"'· -' , function ♦ is
(c)
(ti)
decreases
decreases
inaeases
decreases
directly proporti onal to the frequenc y v of the incident
.
radiatio n.
.. '

· 9. The focaJ ¥,
ofthe objedi~ ~
the eyepiece of a·~o~pou nd mic~osc ope ~re [Link] . SECTION-B
ly. H the tube length of the microsco pe is 1Ocm, the magmfic atioc ' a proton
and% cm, rapectiYe
by relaxed eye is 17. Aa a nd AP a re the wavelen gths associate d with a moving alpha particle and
ollcaiced by the [Link] for most suitable viewing for which,
(a) 250 ' 200 (b) resp ectively. Obtain the conditio n of the velocitie s of the two particles
(c) 150 · (d) 125 ' •;
(a) Aa > AP (h) Aa = i,.
10. For light wa9e, .a. is the wa11eJeagtb, 8 is the phase differenc e between
two points on the 18. In you ng's double slit experim ent, the slits S 1 and S 2 are 3 mm apart and the screen
Wllte Rparated by• dutanc:e of A. The relations hip between A., 8 and 4 is is placed 1.0 m away from the slits. It is observed that the fourth bright fringe is at a
of light used.
= ~~
' dista n ce o f 5 mm from the fourth bright fringe. Find the wavelen gth
(a) A =b x:a (b) A
19. Two lo ng straight wires ) and 2 are kept as shown in the figure. The line;r
charge
a= A 2ir F
(c)
density o f the two wires are At = IO µC/m and ½ = - 20 µC/m. Find the net force
" (d) ~ = ~
>. exp erie nced by a n electron held at point P .

g;_:.}_B .·,,? . '. ,_ ' !I"'

77 ~ ~~\/~}·
•!.f#''
....._...,.
~ Sample Papers . (\. •·
~ ,\., ···, -·
'/, ~ -i-
Phy sics- XII
"''.":'""""""'."
...,......... . ·..
\ :: ·i,
 K:\ praw the ~ircuit dia~ms for obtaining the V-1 characteriacia o( a,_,, junction diode.
t ··
I .r ·· l ·-:. ·:· · . ~ Explain ~r1~fly the salient features of the V-1 charactttisticsin (,)forward [Link] (i,)
1 ~

:-~l,_________ , ~
reverse b1asmg. . , ..

!!l 26
Two charg~s A and 8, each having a velocity
• · ofv, traverse circular paths in a uniform x x x • • x· x · 11 x ·•

' ·: ·: t , ,,
magnetic field as shown below.
'
(a) Compare the charge-to-mass ratio of the
X X 'wl I I
' PllllofB

it. The ~ p~.....-M

r· --
of Pu"' ~re 'very similar to th~ ~f ~um Ho~ :~u~h e
nellh.
two particles A and 8. Show the necessary
mathematical calculations,
JI/' I Plll"A

......... .
tM . ts9 •
(ill MeV), is released if all
_, _ _ _ _ ;,t80M•V. ', "
. r-·
the atomS in I gofpure
'
94 Pu undergo fission? The av ~,
., ,,. ',"' '. · ' ... . ....
. , ,
~
- I, ·'
. (b) Which of the two particles is likely to be
. .
. 1 a proton if the other 15 an alpha particle?
H, rand the ,_.--re at 11-hich the resistanct of a wire made of silver will be..twice . '
·
resislanCC~•"r'·-·-:-
at 20'C. TIR 20"C • the rcfcrcnct temperature and temperature coeffi . Its Give reason. ; , ·· •.
of rcsisWICC of siher at 20"C • 4.0 X IIr. K-l. .,.,. .. . ,. ,..., ," : ., .. I ICltJit focal length? Give reason.
27• (a) A concave lens is placed in water. Will there be any chan~ in
1
OR ·•
• ,. , • \.o .,,. \ ' 1 (b) A spherical convex surface of radius of
Deline resisti\ity ofaconductOf, How does the resistivity of a conductor d~p~nd ··· •
curvature 20 cm, made of glass (n = 1.5) 0 ,/ c
following:. uponI tht
·· ' ' ,:, ·. ,, . ,,i •i •._ . •. ,, ":l , ~ r!
is placed in air. Find the position of the .==.... -~-==-s
.- r. ,
(~) Nu~ber~~&eee)ectronsintheconductor(n) ., ,,: . \1 1 1, ,n·. , ., . .. , •I
image formed, if a point object is placed at
( ) Thm relaxatiOII ame (t) ·, ,. , ,,ti .· 30 cm in front of the convex surface on
' • , __• I, !l 1 ,( 1",/l ,°l.) ' 1 ,r ,

the principal axis.

SECTION-C .. .fr
28, A cube of side 0.1 ~ is placed, as shown in the figure, in a regio~ where electric field
~ (a) Explain the characlerisrics of a p-n junction diode that makes it suitable for its use asa E= 500 x i exis~. H~re x is in meters and E in NC-1. - 1

? 1.:7 reai6er. . .
(6) With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the workin~ of a full' ~ave rectifier.
U. X and Yare two equipotential surfaces separated by a distance of 2 m in a uniform
..... Calculate:
(a) the flux passing through the cube, and
(b) the charge within the cube,
elecnic field of 10 V/m. Surface X has a potential difference of l 0 V.
OR
g, I ,' I } •x
' (a) Calculate the potential of surface Y. '''· Path 1
The electric field in a region is given by
(b) What is the work done in moving a + 2 C charge •I . -- l=OOx+4>i
from su~ Y to surface X along path 1? How
Where X is in m and E is in N/C. Calculate the amount of work done in taking a unit
will this work change when_the charge is moved l
charge from
along Path 2? Give a reason for your answer...
(i) (5 m, 0) to (10 m, 0)
H. (a) Redraw the diagram given below and mark
the position of the centre of curvature of the (ii) (5 m, 0) to (5 m, 10 m)
spherical mirror used in the given set up.
SECTION-0
:1 Case Study Based Questions

:i
Image
Object
Principal axis
_29. Read the following paragraph and IIISffl the q.:.esnons that follow.
Velocity Selector · '
In a beam of charged particles produced by a heated cathode or a radioactive material,
not all particles move with the same speed. Particles ofa specific speed can be selected

l\\!g_
(b) An air bubble is !rapped at point B (CB = 20 cm) in a glass
sphere of radius 40 cm and refractive index 1.5 as shown P• ... . ~ from the beam using an arrangement of dectric and magnetic fields called a velocity
selector. A charged particle with mass rr1. charge q and speed v enters a region of space

l/11nL_ _ ~~
in figure. Find the nature and position of the image of the
bubble as seen byan observer at point P. \d where the electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to the particle's velocity and

if, . _
11111

Physics-Xff Sample Papers

79 \ .,"\
\
 8. .. (iii) A charged particle could Condnae lo mo,e widi a CeBlllllt ftlocity bl wlocity
· · _.... C)lber. The electric field
1Dcan
E
is vertically downward and the magnetic field
. rd . h . II
aelec:tor, where in
into'the plane, If q ls pasitive, the electric force as down~a wit mag~llude qE, and (a) £;t0,B;t0 (b) E • 0, B ;e 0
the magnetic force is upward with magnitude qr,B. For gl\'en field mag_m tude E and
(c) both (a) and (b)
- - - ..tu< d •
-'"•••
i;., . oh< el«lri< ,nd mogn<fl'-
. .,.;u, b<
, "l~•I a,
, in m,gnitudeth,
(d) none of lhese
is then zero• and the particles travels in a straight
lUlill force
·-·- _ . hne with .
; constant vetOC1ty
OR
• o wc nced-qE + m,B • O. Solving for the speed v for wh' ·
1
For zero total force' ~Ja,,
-, ' . r . . . . •ch A charged particle goes undeOCCfed in a repoa of ft1ocity leleclor conmining
electric and magnetic field. It it pouible thac
there is no deft~n. we find 11 • j (a) Eis not parallel to Band;
j
Only particles "ith speeds equal to can pass through without being deflected by th
;, L·~ (b> l11 i,;11t
fields. By adjusting E and B appropriately, wc [Link] select particles having a particuta'
speed for use in other experiments. [Link] q divides out, a velocity selector f, r (c) ; II Bbut E is not parallel to E
positively charged particles also works for electrons or other; negatively charged particl or (d) E. II Bbut'; [Link]
. .
parallel to E
Therefore,
. from the above discussion, a velocity selector is a region in which there~15-
a unifonn clcctric field and unifonn magnetic field. The fields are perpendicular ;, ... ·;, (iv) A charged particle with charge 9 enten a region of mns,,m,., aniform wl
mutually orthogonal field E = 50 NC-1 and magnetic field, B= 2.5 x Io-4
th and perpendicular
one ·another, to the initial velocity. of the charged particles th at arc
to
. weber m-I with a velocity v perpendicular to both E and B. It comes out without
pamng rough the region. ' : ',·· ' any change in velocity with a magnitude of
·t ,,, ·o.t ••

" i "
X X 6
X X X " (a) 0.5 x 106 mis (b) 10 m/s
+ + + .+· (d) 2.5 x I 06 m/s
+ +
,,. (c) 2 X 106 mis
• • X X
• X X

q ( + }----.v
--- 30. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
Ex X
Wave•Particle Duality of Matter
I• • X X

-- "- - - - Radiation has dual nature: Wave and

Sourer • • • • • X X X particle light and other electromagnetic
(b) radiation sometimes act like wave and
(a)
sometimes like particles. Interference and
___._.
(i) An electron •II P•-- WI
- '~orm velocity along the axis of a current
'th UDll• ' diffraction demonstrate' wave behaviour,
carrying long IIOlenoicl. Which of the following is true? while emission and absorption ·of photons
demonstrate the particle behaviour. In
(a) The electron will continue to move with uniform velocity along the axis of 1924, the French physicist Prince Louis
lhe solenoid. · Victor de Broglie put forward the bold hypothesis that moving particles of matter
(b) The electron will experience a force at 45° to the axis and hence execute a should display wave-like properties under suitable conditions. His reasoning, freely
helical palh. paraphrased, went like this: Nature loves symmetry. Light is dualistic in nature, behaving
in some situations like waves and in other like particles. If nature is symmetric, this
(c) The electron palh will be circular about the axis. duality should also hold for matter. Electrons and protons. which we usually consider as
(d) The electron will be accelerated along the axis. , particles may in some situations behave like wave.
(ii) A cubical regi~n of space is filled with some uniform electric and magnetic If a particle acts like a wave, it should have a wavelength and a frequency. The relation
field.a. An electron eaten the cube across one of its faces with velocity v and a was proposed by de- Broglie in his Ph.D thesis for which he was awarded the Nobel
positron eaten via opposile face with velocity-fl. At this instant Prize in Physics in 1929. The waveleng1h is gil'en bv A=% where Pin momentu m of
(a) the motion of the centre of mass (CM) is determined by B alone.
the particle and h is the Planck constant. This wavelength is known as 1he de Broglie
(b) both particles gain or loose energy at the same rate. "
wavelength of the particle. The dualism of matter is inherent in the de Broglie rela1io11
1
{c) the magnetic forces on both the particles cause equal accelerations. ' 111
(d) all of the above

Physics- XII Sample Papers

8~"'....\:·:l ~"~=
' :::::1
 --•--t>,) .,.i,......, -
applies to light when light shows its photon character, each photon has a momen
.!. . \
(P> In fad, th• ..,.,.,;on ,I

.
turn
so
I j(I
Oil
Define 'current density'. Is it a 9C3lar or a \'fflor ?An efearic fidd l is maintained in a
(a) metallic conductor. Ifn be the number of'elearons (111a11111, charge-,) per unit ,o1ume
· . the conductor and' tits relaxa~ lime, show that the current density j • al, where
,(i) All). .eledrOD is mc,riag with an initial veloeity 11 • 11,l and is in a magnetic ti 10 2)
. ~ a== ( : t .

I• 1 j, TlaeD ill de-Broglie w a ~ I . I .. '(b) T~o· cells of emf 10 V and 2 V and internal resistance JO a and 5 a respectively, are
(a) remains
1 constant .. (b) increases with time connected in parallel as shown. Find the effective voltage across R.
(c) decreases with time , (d) increase and decreases period'tea1ly R
OR ., , , . ,
'I1ae de-Broglie waft correspoadin& co a particle of mass ~ and velocity v has 1 wC:J
~.-,ciatedwidlit
'·)J_
,a 11V
(b)m ··'
·· .· ·
(c)mh
v .
,, · ,,:
; -
(d).E!..
hv
l,-~-
1, 10V 100
(ia1 A proton and a-pareicle are accelerated through the same potential difference
• An inductor of inductanc~ •~• is con~ect~ to an AC source, V = JOO sin mt. The graph
die ratio of 4e-Broglie ..,elength of proton co the de-Broglie wavelength of alp~ 52
below represents the vanauon of mduetJve reactance (Xi) of the inductor with the
_..:,.L,,-'"be
.... - W I i i
,, .·. •,. ,H ..
'
., ,, , frequency of an alternating source. ,
(a) 1:2 (b) 2/2: 1 1 ' " (c) 2: 1 ',' " ' '" '." (d) I: I
(iu1 An e1ec:troD of 111151 • and a photon have same energy E. The ratio of de-Brog!'1 [Link]
wavelengths aaociued with them (c being velocity of light) is '
I I

(a) «!J .. ;
(b) (;J . I .., l
~
,iJJ:,,: ~ •' ·1 _ J& . 1;
d
,I
~ r ,,r·,

ti
,L I .,
' 30
• j

(c) c(2111£)!
I (d) ¼(2;)2 .·' •; ,
'>, ·; .l
• 1 I
20

if they are moving 10

· · (ii,) Whidt of die. foUowing baa die longest de-Broglie wavelength
with die - - 'felocity? .
(a) Neutron (b) Proton (c) a-particle (d) ~-particle 50 100 150 l(Hz)

(a) What is the self-inductance of the inductor?

. SECTION-E (b) If the ac source is replaced by a battery such that V = 100 V, then what is the
' inductive reactance of the inductor? Give reason.
51. (a) What is meant by 'relaxation time' of free electrons in a conductor? Show that the
rcsislance ofa conductor can be expressed by R
usual meanings. "'
= +,
ne tA
where symbols have their
(c) When the frequency is 50 Hz, what is the average power dissipated by the inductor
over a complete cycle in the circuit? Justify your answer.
(d) T his inductor is connected in series with a resistance of 15 Cl and a capacitor of
5 µ F. T he frequency of the alternating source is varied such that the power dissipated
(b) Fmd the current in branch BM in the network shown: ' in the circuit becomes maximum. Calculate the frequency and the phase difference
' I
between alternating voltage and current when the power dissipated is the maximum.
A 3R B C 2R
- ~
OR
An ideal transformer having a ferromagnetic core consists of 1wo coils having 500 turns
10E 4R 4R 4R 2R (primary) and 50 turns (secondary) respectively.
6E - (a) What is the voltage across the secondary coil, if [Link] nm l'Oltage across the primary

\\\C • H G R i= coil is 240 V? IJJJI'

82
Physics- XII Sample Papers
• ~i,
·-~ ~;~4~
B!_........~·
T•
nswer
t .. . '
(II - ,.;n be ,be indM<fu,I.,....,.. mobe ... .,,;t, (prinWY ,nd ,eronda,y) .
~
. - 1w. - """o!:!O O? . . • ,, . . 'tt1i,
(a) ,ay ortigbl ;. u,cid<nl at angle eon , right,..gl<d ~t point prnn>
P"in1 x. At . . SECTl•A
. the •·refractive mdex of the p tisrn·
1t emerges along the prism surface. Ca)culate . t,
I l, (c) }{ere, P = 4 ~ ,!~Cm, E • lJ x lo' N/C (uniform electric field)
...... of obe - angle. . • for stable equihbnum, 81 = O"
(b) Show that for an equilateral prism kept in air, minimum deviation occurs wh
=
angle of
, - i • ,Uf'(,12), wh<tt '• 0 ,be ,efn,di,e
' index
• of ,be materiator I ' '? "- for unstable equilibrium,
Now, workdone,
82 180"
W = -P£(cos9t-cos81) .
t e pnsm. . . ,!
,· . , . . .' ' ,·-:• •·
' = - 4 x lo-9 x lJ x lo' (cos 180"-cos O")
h
= - 1.2 X io-6 X (-1-1)
= - 2.4 X io-6 j
• ,, . , (b) force, F = qE ·-,
2
If, E = same, lql = same
,, ,., ,,,,, So, IF,,I = IF,I ;·: · where, p "" protOD
Now, potential energy, U = qV(r) , = electron
.# ., , ,,; •• • !' '.,
Oil . ' I" . ' ,i •)f I ! ,,· . ,, .
,. (It depends on sign of charge also) .
!I' r! '.
(a) Draw a ray diagram fur the formation of the image· of an object by a convex , , .I then, Up> U,. ·.. ' ' ' '
1 1 1
. (c) Ampere's Circuital law: It states that the line integral of magnetic field i along a
mirror. Hen«. oblain the mirror equation. ~ .. . 5 closed path is equal to J1o times the current(/) passing through the dosed path.
(ii) ·Why are multi<0mponcnt lenses used for both 'th~ objective and the eyepiece in
optical insu,unents? . ; i.e., - fif-'Jl =µof
(iii) The magnification of a small object produced by a compound microscope is 200.
The focal length of the eyepiece is 2 cm and the final image at infinity. Find the This is similar to the Gauss's Law of electrOStatic.
1.--· q. . , .•
magnification produced by the objective. : ·
i.e., . -.e;
yE ds - • .. '
', Biot-Savort Law: It states that the magneti~ field strength dB produced due to~
current element (of current/ and length di) at a point having position vector r
relative to current element is ,, '
• ·.•. ' - · 11-o Idlx-; ' ',
dB=--
., : . 4lt ,' , 1, _ _ .,,
I IJ . !i· '.,"! 11·
This is similar to the Coulomb's Law in etectroStatics. '
f• ' · -•' .• ..
'' ,. - 1 M2'
F= - ·r'-
i.e. , 41t£0 .,
• I
Note: T he above symbols and terms have their usual meaning.
· (d) X-rays are invisible of very small wavelength l • I A. 50 that l 1<<a; 1and consequently
4
,I no diffraction pattern. ," • • ,, · · ' •
· (b) Ultraviolet rays (UV) used in water purifiers. · ,: ' ' ·'
5
6· (d) From the given equation, E = E0 sin (1)1
,, ' . ( :l[)
~ =I sin wt+ 3 · ,·
0
Here, / can lead the voltage, which may be possible in RC or LCR circuiL So, it can
be RC o, LCR ,;,,ui,. .- '1 111'
84 Physics- XII
[Link], Pap, rn ~=;.~&')J
85 \ ~:~f:;
 (I)
and voltage (V} both are in same Ph IECTIOH
. . " arcuit, the current lat. (11) We have, ·
(I) In pure~ Vole ..l the average current Rowing through
.-anu
P.
!ht If• By de Broglie hypothesis, ).a>\ , ,
So. the - ~ pc,wer, 2 • ,,
circuit during one full cycle is iero, ~~ ~e ground state (n "' l) to a higher eit' >-,•-
a. (c) Wbenanetettnminana~ ~~decreases and patential energy incre~
m,v, t •. , I
state(••t, S, ... )theft kjnctlC ' ,,, ' . ' 'I • • , , .!~ '
)..
,, ..
- ..__
r i--1, .2crn o•25crn,L• IOcm .. ,'( ': .. ' I" ' a - mava
.. (d) Here.,e. ....., • I
ma=4m,
1
L D Since, [For a - particle)
Magnifying power (magnification) • 7;·7, h
).. = - -
• !9. !! a 4m,va .
l . 2 = 125
for, >-a > \ ⇒ h >-"-
•,v, 411,va
IO. (b) The relation 1,etwee11 path differenCC (.1), phase difference (6) and time difference
! . l. • .!.f where, l. and T are wave l~ngth.·a~d tim~ pe~iod of wa
v, > 4va
'I) i.t
~ ''). , !K . , ... ,. Ve For the above condition of v, > 4va, )..,. will be greater than ~-
propagation, · ' ''''"':'!",/'• ·,;,,
(b) For, ,, '•\•
.. >.....:=\ _,,
11. When Geis doped with As (Pcnta,'alent impurity), then number of electron concentrati
(majority. charge amen) increases which results conductivity of semiconduaon h h
or ⇒ [From de Broglie hypothesis)
,4m,va : m,v, . i! . • -
(11- ~) mcreascs- 1 "),I
I •' ' , ," f• ,
' , : f', ") '' ) '
12. (I) We bow, E = V + Ir [where, r.= internal resistance] , , , ! · . i:vP = ~~a . -\
Now,E"' 1.8 + 0.9r ...(i) [where, V =IR= 0.9 x 2,;. 1.8 V, I= 0.9 A]
For the above condition of v, .= 4va,)..,. will be equal to~-
E "' 2.1 + O.~ ... (ii) [where, V = IR = 0.3 x 7 = 2.1 V, / ~ 0.3 A]
By equating (1) and (ii), ; l.j ,1 1 ,..It; j 18, Given, d = 3 mm, D = 1 m = 1000 m ..
According to question,
1.8 + 0.9 r = 2.1 + 0.3 r
::$ 0.6r = 0.3 4th bright fringe - 2nd dark fringe = 5m~
r~ 1;· l,
r =~=.!.=05'1
0.6 2 . .,
IS. (a) Both A and Rart true, and R is the correct explanation of A

·: 'J
' .. ⇒[ n~A L4-[(n-½)~"
\

L/,·· . •

" =5 ~
t -_ \
14. (6) When the atom gets appropriate energy from outside, then this electron rises to 4X1000XA 3Xl000XA. ,. . . '
some higher energy levd. Now it can return either directly to the lower energy level ⇒ =5mm i-'.2
3 2x3
or come to the lowest energy level after passing through other lower energy levels, ⇒ 833.3).. = 5 mm I, -~
hence all possible transitions take place in the source and many lines are seen in the ).. = 0.006 mm· ·
spectrum.
= 6000nm
Al. ordinary temperature, all atoms are present at their lowest energy level (n = I). •1\·:.. ,._.
Hence absorption can start only from n = l (and not from n 2, 3, 4, .. .). Hence °' 19. Given 1.. 1 = IOµC/m . :'I
t >.,
?nly Ly~n. series is found in the absorption spectrum of hydrogen atom whereas
m the em1ss1on spectrum, all the series are found . ½= IOµC/m ' 1 '· '1oxl0-6 •, ,,,! · •
.-,tern tF1111
.
15. (a) Both A and Rare true and R is the correct expla~atio~ of A. F due to 1.. 1 = q.E l1 = l. 6 x ,10-19. ~ - - ·~
2'tE · 10x10- ., • Pe
16. (d) The work function is independent fr th ~ '
= J.6 X 10-l 9 X 18 X 10+9 X 10....f
0
•• 1 l
l
"··• 11
is depends only on the n I f . om e ~equency of the incident radiation. It 20cm
a ure O given matenal surface. :·•' I "I..
\
,.;., : 28.8 X 10- 14 : .,, · .: z...;.._ __r_ _ _ ,.2
= 2.88 X 10- 13 N
'1111'
!l
., . - ___~---........
-- .. .. ..,_.,..
Physics- XII Sample Papers
a:_
_--~ ~-?:>
~ . '
 ~ ·· ,· · 20xl0_.
F due to lt • 9.£ • l.6x ,o... ,c 2nc, ·20x10--t
SECTIDI-C
V- I characteristics: I
JI. (o)
• 2.88,c to·"N , •l•i d
1M I
Faet• FduetoA1 + Fduetolt
f
• 5.76 ,c 10-19 N
20. Average energy releaed per 6aion of : Pi,, E. • I80McV
. .
; ~
i "",
•;)'
239 R8Y9118bias-
Amount of h • If
94 0 ·V
-,-..,Illa
239
Mass No. of Pi,• 239 kg
94
!-'' :·.t'··i::~:1
'; I) •1 :
I,;, I;,,
- \ll 11A
No. ofatom in lg •
NA
- - xM I , •►
239
~ass no. of 94 Pu •; f ·; .. ,!, The characteristics of p-11 j~ncti~n is that when giving it forward bias it allows the
,. ,, , • ,,; ent 10 be in the same d1rect1on but by connecting reserve bias it does not allow
• 6·02; ~ IOH XI ~ 2.52 x' Ja21a/oms :r~rrent to flow so the diode has low resistance during forward bias and is very
3 hi;h at ~eserve bias. The airrenj flow by this property mue a suitible b- ~
· 239 rectificaaon. · ··
:. Total energy rclcased during the fission of I g of Pu,
94 (b) Circuit diagram:
~ju
E .. E,. X 2.52 X 1021
~
• 180 x 2.52 x 1021 = 4.536 x 1025 MeV · P1 / P;-~---,_
ti. Given, Let, ~ -= R, T0 = 20" C .. . ,· . ·. ", , - .[\I ;,
·-.....
·•,••'!' ' . ;,. ,, :.,, J . "'"'
then, Rr = 2R,
, •' , I 'I~
~i
-.s
"-
a =4x JO--SK"J ,•, '"
We know, , ', !
;,
ls ~
R1 = R (I+ a (T- T0)) "2
or 2R =R(l+4xl0-5(T-20))
,t,·
I -· ,-jB ,,.
j I 1: 1 J
• ' J J
or 2-1=4Xl0-(T-20) ; ~
Working: The ac input voltage across secondary s1and St cbangn polarity after
or T-20 = _I_ each hall cycle. Suppose during the first half cycle of input ac signal, the terminal
4X 10-S
,, SI is positive relative to centre tap 0 and St is negative relative to 0. Then diode
T = 250 + 20 = 270 °C D, is forward biased and diode D2 is reverse biased. Therefore, diode D1conducts
OR · " while diode D2 does not. The direction of current (i1) due to diode D1 in load
Resistivity ofa conductor is define as the resistance after by the wire of that conductor resistance RL is directed from A to B In next half cycle, the terminal S1 is negative
of unit length and having unit cross-sectional area. , , . and S2 is positive relative to centre tap 0. The diode D1 is reverse bia.!ed and
, Resistivity of a conductor depend upon the following as : diode D is forward biased. Therefore, diode D2 conducts while D1 does not. The
(a) Number density of free electron (n) : 2
direction of current (i ) due to diode D2 in load resistance RL is still from A to B.
Resistivity is inversely proportional to n. 2
~i-.!'
Thus, the current in load resistance RL is in the same direction for both half cycles
(b) Relaxation time (t): Resistivity is inversely proportional tot also. of input ac voltage. Thus for input ac signal the output current is a continuous
BE Phys;,~XII ........ Pa°"~" of ,oidimtiorul p,1~ B9 _:i
I ,.........,.,.
,-,· ,\-, -:,-••jl•I
,~,,-..'I
~
i' ---- - .
-- -~ ft
. . -... ·'A :.a~
 IS. (a) Gi~n, E ~ IOV/m·'
Vs• I0V J \ •

... ·"
Voftm8l8'M
/
Ar •2m
As from relations,
l&VI - AE. Af
•IOX2•20V /I
Since, the potential decreases in the direction of the electric field, the potentiaJ
surface Y will be more than the potential at surface X.
Mi~
(mA)
-c
ill . Swilc:t,
V • 20 + 10 • 30 V. _ ., · ,
(b) Given: q • 2 C . . .
Work done in moving charge from Yto X along Path 1,' W= Wx - V,)q
+· -
Forward Bias :t;- J
· I'ti'
W• (10-30) X 2-=-20 X 2 =-40J ·nority Carrier nJec on: D_ue to the applied voltage;
-. ,__._ .
Work done in moving charge along Path 2 will be the same as work done along PatJi &Ii I tion region and reach p-s1de (where they a r e ~ ~ ~ II-tide croa the
I. This is because the work done between two surfaces is independent of the p
since the force acting on the charge is conservative in nature. at1i
d~fd~ cross this junctio~ a~d reach the ?-side (where they ~Im~~.~~
trocess under forw~rd bias 1s known as nunority carrier in,iection. lll1Dority carnen). This
· 24. · (a) If the object is in between focus 'F and centre of curvature '(J, image would be (a) In forward bias :
· · beyond the centre of curvature, inverted real and magnified: · ' · · ' ·,
!; ' _Jt'1-.'. ' ! . ,,· • .• "\ J .. _ • The current first inc~eases very slowly, almost negligibly, tiD the voltage ~ -the
-, .. . , • ..• ,, I, :·c.·d , diode crosses a certam value. . .
• Ii')' ,1; __•; "r! •
·• After the. characteristic · voltage, the. diode current increasa significandy
·b.. ::')i; ([Link]), even for a very small mcrease in the diode bias YOltage. This
A'
I ! ..I :;;>;.~ =>,P , voltage is called the tJu:e_shold _voltage or c:at-ia 1'0lllp ( - 0.2 v fur gmnanium
- · - ·· diode and~ 0.7 V for silicon diode). . , ·
•(ii) In forward bias : .. . . . ..' ' ,
..:,· f
e· ,: -·· y • The current is very small ( - µA) and almost remains CODSlant with change in bias.
(b) Radius of glass It is called reverse saturation current However, for special cases, at very high
~~ '·
reverse bias (break down voltage), the current suddenly increases.
Sphere, R = 40 an 26. (a) For a charged particle executing a circular palh,
f.:
Refractive index, µ 1 = 1.5, an_d _for air, 112 = I ·, . 8 = 90° ' -
Distance of bubble form the center of sphere = 20 cm 1 ' F = qvB
Bubble distance from surface= -(40- 20) = - 20 cm. Since the charged particle executes a circular path,
Using the formula for refraction on the curved surface, we get, mv2
⇒ T =qvB '·, IC
I
112 µI . µ2-µI ' q .. , ', ..
~•I •
'v -:u . = ~ -- - =v!rB
m - . 'I I
1 1.5 I - 1.5 , ,
11, :. ⇒---- =-- P•-· -- -· Since v and B are ~onstant for both the particles, • cc 1
J J t \ l v (-20) , (-40) l
:i As rR '> r i' particle A has a greater charge- to-inas., ratio than B..
0.5 1.5 "' (h) A proton, has a greater charge-10-mass ratio than an alpha,particle.
I / !~ 1 I ' ; ,1
v = 40-20
Hence, particle A is likely to be a proton.
r -.. , . _
0.5-3.0 - 2.5 -I .,, ··
v , ~ = 40=15 11 -I
27. (a) Focal length oflens in water /. = 11; _ /•
V =-16cm
. ,, Hence the air bubble appear at a distance of 16 cm from the surface to the observer. n.
. ( 1r '
,
and nature of image is virtual. · n
r
As n, > 11., ,_!_ > I, so/.>/.
n,,
'Ill§_, 90
-.. ~j ~ ~,;,
....,,.___.__
- ·•-- 'C•· -:.-....... r- .......

Phys...,II
J

Sample Papo,s
- . :;~. ,\\
.

... .
~
 '111M ii, focal length oflens in wattr 11iD increue, but the nature of lens will
unc:hlnFd, . r ,_
~
AJI •-(500+40.J2&.t9J
(6) Here, R • +20 cm, 111• 1.0, 11t• I.5, 11 • - SO cm ·-S95J,'
Nm», Wo,j don, • q. AJ/
. "t "a .. -"a . ·, ' )''
. •-hJ9J •-J9JJ
Usang• -
t, -II - •R- (ii) Hert, /J , ••
. .,
---·- . AV•-
..f £,Ji,
,t · .
1.5 1.0 1.5-1.0
.
v -30 20 • 1 I'
~
!:! + .!.. •
V 30
0.5 • .!..
20 40
r . iJ; •I A~ .'"' ~ / (IQir ♦ .)a
5
=O '
~ -----·-
1.5 I I S-4
v 40 30 120
I . ·, '.'4~- · ":
So,UI01idont,
W =[Link]
~ ---
1.5
v
-1
120
.·,• •!.'..,
,,1 .' ,' • J i t : , •\ :• :

=O
V •-}80.0cm
I·; \1J
SECTIOl-0
.... ; ;, I'
y
28. Here, cube ohide, 11 • 0.1 m
l-sooxl •I %9. (i) (a) The Lorentz force acting on a charged particle in a magnetic and electric:~
(11) We considered flux passing through front and is F= q[E +; x BJ. As there is no E, force due ro elcaric fidd is zero and The
· back face of cube along with electric field passes
electron is ~o~g in alo~g the direction of axis and the magnetic fidd is always
(i.e., along x-axis). Electric flux is zero through along the dtrecuon of axis. Thus, the vdocity of electron and magnetic field is
,._.Q__...._.Q-+
rest &cc of cube because, E is perpendicular to
parallel to each other. So Force due to magnetic fidd will also be zero. so, will not
area vector.
,, ,, , ,1• affect the velocity (v) of moving charge particle.
So, NctOux, ♦ .= ♦ I' +•- .
T2 I I ', .> •) , I ,,11 (it) (d) The magnetic forces F.=q(; xB), on charge particle is tither zero or F. is
♦1 = l .1 , [Face along + x-axis] perpendicular to v (or component of v) which in tum revo!Yes particles on a
· = (500 X 2a)/.a 2 / circular path with uniform speed. In both cases, particles have equal accelerations
= 1000a5 = 1000 x (0.I)' F. =-q (;; x B) and Fp=q(_; x B). ·
= I Nm2 C-1 Due to the equal magnitude of electric force f, =qE which is in opposite
and ♦z = l.1 direction (because of the sign of charge) both the particles gain or loss energy at
= (500 x a)i.a2 (-i) the same rate.
There net force on the Centre of Mass (CM) of particles is only due to magn~tic
= - 500 a5 = - 500 X (0.1 )5
field as the force due to electric field is equal and opposite, therefore the moooo
=- .!. Nm 2 C-1 of the Centre of Mass (CM) is determined by Balone. . .
2 . . . . laced ·th some uniform electnc and magneuc
(iii) (c) When a smgle movmg charge 15 P WI , • n by
♦ = ♦1 + ♦2 = 1-2I = 2I =0.5 Nm 2C- 1• . c, called Lorentz ,orce give
(b) l = (!Ox +4)i
I I I 11
F -E+(vxB)·
~ ....
fields in space, then they expcnence a orce
_.,
' ....
"" - q q 'de due to electric field, F, =qE
(i) from, Force experienced by charged parll . Ii Id -F =q(; xB)
d article due to magneuc e ' ,.
t.V = - f [Link] Force experienced by charge P . that eans acceleration of particle is
. • ·th onstant veloaty m th
10 The particle ts movmg WI c . . f otion This will happen when e
t.V = - f (IOx +4)dx . . h ·ng ilS dtrccuon m
zero and ~)so 1t 1s not c angi .
· ° §!Jlr l
5
net force 1s zero 1.e., -...___ \i::===\
0
⇒ t.V = - [5x2 + 4x]~
-- 93 " ·
Physics-XII ,,,_ Sample Papers
-e, J,\\_.
;. ,--- ·-.....
 .
(l)lfE •[Link] •I ,IIRnF••O
., . (iitJ (a) From de-Broglie Wivelen81h, , .
..
(6) If E II 0, and
i ...
ti O, and E, 11 and B are mutually pcrpend1cular.
.. . .,,,,:,· .,·.,·, x-~
Oil ' 'i . ·,.
.fi;J,
(6) A ~ panide wil go u ~ in an electric field if the direction of
particle due lO ~ field only acts in the directi?n of motion of the Pa f~l'tt
Also, Energy of photon,
?" :, r· · ,,.·he . · . .
1.1., the chargied panide IIIO\'a parallel to the electnc field. A moving cha1'liclt
.·.
. E=hv=-:::) \ 4t
panide annot b e ~ while passing through a region if the force on 1. "Std X, ", •-
E
to electric field jg equal and opposite to the force due to magnetic field. It \d11t
IO if magnetic field jg perpendicular to electric field and is perpendicular Wtoll lit
A, h E l fr
[Link] or IIIOlion or charged panicle. the ,., = .fimi ·,;; = ,v2-,
..
: 1:. ,\
(iv) (c) When chargied panide goes undeflected then, . I
(iv) (ti) from de-B~oglie wavelength,
E ,. h • l \. -
fE•fllB•v•a , >.=-mv ~. Xoc -111
:
11•
50
~ •2xl06 m/s ;: Now, m~ > m. > m, >"'P >, ~
2.5xl0 , . ..., .. ,:,'7 ~
.. f .. : ~: •·,I
⇒ A,.>),.>~>'-ii
St. (i) (a) Given v • v,1 and B -= B,1
·· Force on IDOYing electron in magnetic field B is given as ,,, " ~-partide [Link] longes1 wavelength
'
1--,(;xi) .. . · ·"· · 1,: · ·, · .),, ,.. , ,.
SECTION-E
F•-t[11,lxBj].' ,,,._ :~1·i1.·:.,. : ·•,!•,,
,,
., ' SI, (a) Relaxation time of free electrons drifting in a conductor is ·t he~ time elapsed
... .. • J .·• .- 1: •. J11 ,.., ·i 1 • ·U . ·
between two successive collisions.
F = _, voBaA 1 ! . , , ', : ! , ~ s i,1
Deduction of Ohm's Law: Consider a conductor of length land aou-~nal area
So, the force is perpendicular to both v and B. As the force is perpendicular to
A. When a potential difference Vis applied acro.u ilS ends, the curmi1 produced is
the velocity, lhe value of mv does not change and the de-Broglie wavelength
remains same. . . \ ! / ' l •, 1
/. If n is the number of electrons per unit volume in the conductor and v, the drift
'" I ,'.;I 1
OR . , .. ,, ;.•·;i '! ' . )!
velocity of electrons, then the relation between current and drift velocity is
(a) de-Broglie wavelength, ' '· ,,,11, ',.
I =I- neAv, . '-·, .,. .. , 6-,... .1n-I9C), -, ..,., . 11:J ... (i)
J l1
· where - e is the charge on electron (t "7 L x u
: ijJ; C ,
., , ·' · "::, ., , •
. >. =! .., l_ . [·: p =mvJ :~ , ,,,, ·, . · ; ti
' V ';: ' ··, · . ·'· ·.
.-, ' .. . .
p ,.
IIIV
. , h
·,. ,,,
h - _h_
. , i Iii • , , Electric field produced at each point of wire, E =T 1 ...(ii)
(ii) (b) de-Broglie wavelength, A = p = mv ~ ✓2mK. . ,,· 1
If tis relaxation ti":e;an~ ~ IS el~.~~c fie~~ ,~ .
• • •. • = · • .
n gth th n drift velocity -
.' .~ , ,. ....
., , ·11 , I ., •
,; i ,t } i ( ll
K.E =K •qV etE ...(iii)
V =-- ll
. ,.
.
,1 ' : \
d 111
h
>.=-- .: .
[ ·: V = constant (given)] Substituting this value in (i), we get
L'·' /, ) J2mqv1 ',,; ' ...(iv)
·, ' . >. ne't
So •
~ (\0C
l
r.:::: ~
/>[Link];aa
~= -x-
I~ -neA(- ~ E) or l=-AE
. '
= '1 f 1;
v""l "a q,, m,, [From (ii)]
.;; )H •
k; E=~
I
"'a = 4m,.,
•'
qa = 2q/> I
... (v)
. >., = ✓ 4m, ,x 2q ~ 2./2 /= -
ne2,A V V m
- - or - = - -. I•
,:J 111 Al I ne2t :1•
).a "', q l
1
So, \: ).a = 2./2: I ___..____ Current densiLy ;(=.!_)- 11e2t
- 11/1'
.fY
94 Physic~XII - S.
mple Papers
A -
~ -~~j·=;
,,...
 Thil is relation betwfttl current deftlityJ and applied potential difference a,
Under pen ph')'lical conditions (temperature, pressure) for a given conduc~or J
:.a•!!!.!
.-.-Al •Comtant
Ill
Mt -
"'
]•a£
:. This constant is called the raistance « the conductor (i.t. R). oa
.
,.,., R•-·- • l
••'t
..
A
<•> Finding equivalent raimnt-e KrOSS CH , ~ = 2R
,,
Th
e effective voltage across R is given by e • ~ eo
(~+!!) • ~-1._2)
Equivalent circuit diagram (b) " · (l+!) (..!..+!)
'i
er·,,
't 10 5
~ .~~ 8 \ c.,-2v
SI, (a) As we know,
' I · 1-11
XL= 2ff{L
10E 4R ~4R 4R ~2R XL
10E 4R 2R L=-
IE 6E
. 'bt/
N M H G ·,f F N I M 1-11 H
L - 20
.- (2X3.J4XIOO) =0.032H
(b) A battery is a source of direct current and thus/= oHz.
In dosed loop ABMNA, - ., As XL = 2rif L, the inductive rcactance of the inductor becomes Zft'o.
-SIR-411 R+16E • O
. ...(1)
(c) As we know that, . P• .,, = V / cos+ ,
In dosed loop BCHMB 11111
♦ ~
11111
.if '' ~here is the phase difference between current and YObge in the circuit.
- 2R(/-/1) -6E + 41 1 R • 0 . difference is 90° for pure inductive circuit ·
On solving equations (1) and (ia), ~ ,.. ·. • • ".. t '
...(ii)
P •.,, = 0
25£ (d) Power dissipated in an LCR circuit is maximum, when XL= Xe
,,.isR , 'J ; ~
⇒
. 1
Oil I . f = 2itJ(LC)
⇒
(a) Current density is defined as the amount of electric currerit flowing per unit area of f = 0.398 X lo' Hz
a conduaor. It is a vector quantity, as it has both magnitude and direction. /=398Hz
. IS
. gtven Under this condition of resonance, the circuit behaves as a pure resistive circuiL
The average drift VCIoaty . by, Vd =- eE ,:
111 Hence phase difference between current and voltage is O".
(t =- average time between oollisions or relaxation time)
OR
If n is the numbe; of free electrons per u~it volume, the current/ is give~ by (a) T he voltage across the secondary coil is given by:
I= neAlvdl N, v,
e2A N, = ~
= m'n 1£1
But / = lj I A (wherej= current density)
Where NP = 500, N, = 50 and v, = 240 V
Therefore, we get Therefore, · ( N,)
ne2 V, '"' Vt X Nt
Ii l=m,1 E ,.
2
A X =~61
(:!)
(
== 240 X
The term ' : ,: is conductivity.
~ la == 24 V
~
1
• 11
~~;s . XII ...... Sample Papers
97·~--~~~· . .i
~ ·.-;.(
~
z ~.:;. . Physics-
......-,....... :·
-
-"~
'

~ ,\ 1 _,
,\\\
-
 (6) Current in the secondary coil is given by (t) for an equilateral prism,A • 60'
V, Using Snell'• law at the fint surfac:e,
I• -
• R, sini •nlin,
where V, • 24 V and R. • 20 Cl
... minimum deviation, , • ~ • 60'
24 "° 2 T•30'
Titeraorc, I, • 20 • 1.2 A
' -, ", ::) sin i =- ii sin(30')
Current in the primary coil is given by ::) ,_ ,.L ,1 _~1:: ,., ' ., sini_=n(l/2)
I
---
I,
1, N,
_. '- •- i • sin•1(fl/2) .'
'· N, OR
where I, • 1.2 A, N, • 500 and N, • 50 ,, , l1
(a) In A's ABC and A'B'C
Therefore, N ) . __ LACB and LA'CB' (common angle)
1,•(N; x(/1) :. Triangles are similar
AB BC
. --=-,-
• ( : ) X (l.2) : .t ~ J. ;!
lB' BC -~)
.~ . i - ,i. ' :'. . L
. 'l, 1 ; I . In A's DNF and A'B'F
"'0.12A
LDNF = LA'B'F = 90
53. (a) At the 1st surface, using Snell's law, Af""-........ I ;:;,/
LDNF = LA'FB (common angle)
sin 8 =·•sin '1 :. Both triangles are similar ······-·
.
smr1 =
sin8
- DN
-=-
NF ~
, n
From relation, A'B' B'F R-:
From fig., DN = AB
'z • A -r1 = 90°-ri
AB NF Mz
At the second interface. A'B' = B'F
nsin , 1 = sin 90" ',
• I
. l
1 pl, ,!I I ,; 1
Comparing (i) and (ii), we get
11D r2 • i' - - I: ' · Ii;, •,.:,~1 l i
, j'
BC NF
B'C = B'F
⇒ sin (90°-r1) • ¼ : ., · 1",;
If aperture of mirror is very small, then pointNwillbeveryclo!e toP,soNF = PF
cos,,. nI BC PF
Squaring both sides, -=-
cos!rl = J_
B'c B'F
--
⇒
,,1 i 11•;
BP+ PC PF
i' n
⇒ I -sin1r1 = J_ ⇒ PC-PB' PF-PB'
,,2
By sign convention, BP= -u, PC :+R, PB' =+v,PF =+ f
⇒ I - (sin2 8Yn1 • J_
,,2 Substituting these values in (4), we get
Solving, n = /(I+ sin2 8) -.:::!JIii' I
'I\~ .
Physics- XII . . . . Sample Papers
. I
.
 -u + R f -u + 2/ f I I ! .
=-or---=-
R- v f - v 2/ - v f - v I •

or (2/-u) if-v) = /(2[-v)

or 2/-2/u-uf + uv = 2f-fv or uv = fv +uf

Dividing by uvf, we get
l=l+l
I u V
(b) To improve image quality by minimizing various optical aberrations in lenses.
(c) Magnification produced by compound microscope
m=mo X me
m m
m =-=-
o me D r ...,
Fe
200
m0 =
25 =16
.2

• I I •

=•• I " ,

,I

It ,I
•

Physics-XII