WELCOME TO AIM 111
WEEK 8
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Consultation Hours: 11:30 – 13:30 (Mondays)
ANNOUNCEMENTS
• Assignment 6 – MS Excel SAM TRAINING (MODULES 1-2): 10
May @14:00
• Assignment 6 – MS Excel Sam Training (Module 3): 17 May @ 14:00
• Assignment 6 – MS Excel Sam Training (Module 4): 24 May
@14:00
• Assignment 7 MS Excel: 24 May @14:00
THIS WEEKS CONTENT
CHAPTER 9: REFERENCING
❑ What are citing and referencing?
❑ Why do I need to reference?
❑ What are the most common types of referencing systems or styles?
❑ How doI citeinformation sources for a specific work task in the text of a
document?
❑ When do I reference?
❑ How do I list sources in a reference list or bibliography?
❑ When is it useful to use a reference management tool or program to
organize and structure references?
❑ What type of reference tools are available?
❑ Why do I need to know about referencing to use reference management
programs or tools effectively?
WHAT IS REFERENCING?
Acknowledging the
sources that you use.
WHEN DO I NEED TO REFERENCE
Reference every time
that you use an idea
in your work that is not
purely your own!
WHY DO I NEED TO REFERENCE
• You need to acknowledge when you have used another person’s
ideas when creating your own work.
• If you do not reference someone else’s work, you are committing
plagiarism.
• It shows that you have done extensive research
• It may help you to illustrate a point more clearly.
TWO MAIN PARTS OF
REFERENCING
Reference list / Bibliography In-Text Citation
An alphabetical list at the end
of a document that contains Acknowledging the
detailed information on the source of your
documents used and cites information in the text of
(referred) in your work. your work.
Footnote &
Endnote
BOOKS
Author Book Title
Carson R. The silent spring. 1st ed.
Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1962.
Place of Name of
publication Publisher
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Author year Article title
Ruxton, C. (2016) Tea: Hydration and other health benefits.
Primary Health Care, 26(8), 34-42. [Link] (DOI)
Journal Volume Pages DOI
title (issue)
WHAT DOES THE URL REVEAL
Year of Website name
Author creation Title
Lund, N. (2015) How to begin birding. In world fact book.
URL
Retrieved from
[Link]
[Accessed on 23 May 2021]
Access date
REFERENCING METHODS/STYLES
Check which style is
required.
If it is not specified, choose
one and be consistent.
Harvard
Tips:
Punctuation!! (.,;:)
Method
Books: Title & edition italicised
Journal: Journal title italicised;
✔ In-text citation volume italicised
Child development is essential in kindergarten (Brown, 2020). Date: after author names
✔ Books
Brown, R.S. 2019. Coming back to the old country. New York: Manhattan
Press.
✔ Journal Article
Dyson, T.M. 2020. Child-care and child development. Journal of Social
Development, 12(3): 11−21.
MLA (Modern Language
Association) Style
✔ In-text citation
It is argued that there is no reason for worry (Jones 134) …
✔ Books
Botha, Lynette. The Importance of Own Language in Primary School Education.
Oxford University Press, 2020.
✔ Journals
Jones, Peter. “Use of Mother Tongue in Schools.” Journal of Everyday Language,
vol. 18, no. 2, 2018, pp. 133-139.
APA (American Psychological
Association) Style
✔ In-text citation
It is thought that this could be ascribed to external stimuli
(Patterson, 2019).
✔ Books
Patterson, G.L. (2019). Religion and health: A state of mind. Johannesburg: Psychology Press.
✔ Journals
Schumann, A. (2017). The many faces of mental health in society. Health and Religion, 12(6),
331−338.
Vancouver Method
✔ In-text citation
Jones (2) argues that … Or It has been argued (2,3,5) that
✔ Books
Adler H, Morris P, Baker GP, Dlamini R. Streamlined treatment of wounds. Oxford: Oxford University
Press; 2017.
✔ Journals
Jones P. Application of bandages in serious cases of burns. Journal of Everyday Medicine
2020;12(3):123−30.
Chicago Style
✔ In-text citation
The concept of perceived hate has also been in the spotlight (Jones 2020)
Footnotes: This is generally seen as "the ultimate betrayal"1 and therefore … A further consideration with regard to this so-called
"disloyalty"2 is when
1. Robert S. Brown, Coming Back to the Old Country (New York: Manhattan Press, 2019), 78.
2. Brown, Coming Back, 81.
✔ Books
Carter, Michael. 2019. The Day that Never Came. London: Exemplary Press.
✔ Journals
Jones, Graham. "Fear of Running Alone." International Journal of Athletics 15, no. 2 (2020): 42−53
Some departments have
their own adaptation of
a referencing style.
See your study guides
REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE
▪ Import references or citations from a variety of resources
▪ Organise references into your own personal database
▪ Generate in-text citations and bibliographies in a
specified style.
REFERENCE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE
THANKS
Does anyone have questions?