Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive
organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It is a significant public
health issue, particularly among women of childbearing age, and can lead to
severe complications if left untreated. PID is often caused by sexually transmitted
infections (STIs), such as Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but
may also result from non-sexually transmitted infections following childbirth,
abortion, or surgical procedures.
1.1 Background of the Study
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a significant public health concern that affects
millions of women globally, particularly those of childbearing age. PID refers to
the infection of the female reproductive organs, often caused by sexually
transmitted infections such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhea.
Left untreated, PID can lead to severe complications, including infertility, ectopic
pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. In Nigeria, the prevalence of PID among
women remains high, with socioeconomic, cultural, and healthcare access factors
contributing to the issue. Wudu General Hospital serves as a critical healthcare
center for women in the community, making it an ideal location for this study.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The high incidence of PID among women of childbearing age poses a significant
threat to reproductive health and overall well-being. Despite ongoing awareness
campaigns, many women in the Wudu community lack adequate knowledge
about the causes, prevention, and treatment of PID. This ignorance, coupled with
limited access to healthcare, exacerbates the problem. Understanding the effects
of PID in this demographic is essential for developing effective intervention
strategies.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
General Objective: To examine the effects of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
among women of childbearing age at Wudu General Hospital.
Specific Objectives:
1. To identify the common causes of PID in the study population.
2. To assess the prevalence of PID among women attending Wudu General
Hospital.
3. To evaluate the reproductive health effects of PID.
4. To suggest preventive measures and interventions.
1.4 Research Questions
1. What are the common causes of PID among women of childbearing age in
Wudu?
2. What is the prevalence of PID in Wudu General Hospital?
3. How does PID affect the reproductive health of women in the study area?
4. What preventive measures can be adopted to reduce PID cases?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study will provide valuable insights into the impact of PID on women's health,
contributing to better healthcare policies and practices in Wudu. It will also help
healthcare workers develop targeted interventions to address PID's root causes.
1.6 Scope of the Study
The study focuses on women of childbearing age (15–49 years) attending Wudu
General Hospital. It examines the causes, prevalence, and effects of PID within
this population.
1.7 Definition of Terms
1. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): An infection of the female reproductive
organs.
2. Childbearing Age: Women aged 15–49 years who are biologically capable of
bearing children.