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Regression Analysis in Statistics

The document provides an overview of regression analysis, focusing on predicting variable Y using variable X and the relationship between correlation and regression. It includes explanations of linear equations, curve fitting, and examples of calculating regression equations and predictions based on given data. Additionally, it presents practice problems and study links for further learning.

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Shani Warraich
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7 views31 pages

Regression Analysis in Statistics

The document provides an overview of regression analysis, focusing on predicting variable Y using variable X and the relationship between correlation and regression. It includes explanations of linear equations, curve fitting, and examples of calculating regression equations and predictions based on given data. Additionally, it presents practice problems and study links for further learning.

Uploaded by

Shani Warraich
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1

MATH – 361
Introduction to Probability and Statistics

Lecture 41

Regression
Regression Analysis

➢Regression: technique concerned with predicting some variables by


knowing others

➢The process of predicting variable Y using variable X


Correlation and Regression

➢Correlation describes the strength of a linear relationship between


two variables

➢Linear means “straight line”

➢Regression tells us how to draw the straight line described by the


correlation
Linear Equation

Y
Y = bX + a
Change
b = Slope in Y
Change in X
a = Y-intercept
X
5
Curve Fitting with a Linear Equation
7

Linear Least Square Regression

How to Minimize the error??


8

How to Minimize the Error??


Curve Fitting with a Linear Equation
Alternative Form
Regression
➢Calculates the “best-fit” line for a certain set of data
Regression minimizes residuals
Example

A sample of 6 persons was selected the value of their age ( x variable)


and their weight is demonstrated in the following table. Find the
regression equation and what is the predicted weight when age is 8.5
and 7.5 years.
Solution

Serial no. Age (x) Weight (y) xy X2 Y2


1 7 12 84 49 144
2 6 8 48 36 64
3 8 12 96 64 144
4 5 10 50 25 100
5 6 11 66 36 121
6 9 13 117 81 169

Total 41 66 461 291 742


Regression equation
we create a regression line by plotting two estimated values for y
against their X component, then extending the line right and left
Example 2

Age (x) B.P (y) Age (x) B.P (y)


The following are the age (in
years) and systolic blood 20 120 46 128
pressure of 20 apparently healthy 43 128 53 136
adults 63 141 60 146
26 126 20 124
53 134 63 143
31 128 43 130
58 136 26 124
46 132 19 121
58 140 31 126
70 144 23 123
➢Find the correlation between age and blood pressure using simple
and Spearman's correlation coefficients, and comment

➢Find the regression equation?

➢What is the predicted blood pressure for a man aging 25 years?


S No x y xy x2
1 20 120 2400 400
2 43 128 5504 1849
3 63 141 8883 3969
4 26 126 3276 676
5 53 134 7102 2809
6 31 128 3968 961
7 58 136 7888 3364
8 46 132 6072 2116
9 58 140 8120 3364
10 70 144 10080 4900
Serial x y xy x2
11 46 128 5888 2116
12 53 136 7208 2809
13 60 146 8760 3600
14 20 124 2480 400
15 63 143 9009 3969
16 43 130 5590 1849
17 26 124 3224 676
18 19 121 2299 361
19 31 126 3906 961
20 23 123 2829 529
Total 852 2630 114486 41678
 x y
 xy −
n
b1 =
(  x) 2

x − n
2
22
Example 3

➢Consider the given data:


23
24
25
26
27

Practice Problem - 1
28
29

Practice Problem - 2
30

Practice Problem - 3
31

Study Links

[Link]

[Link]
[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

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