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Basic Electronics Math Answers Guide

The document contains answers to various exercises and problems related to basic electronics math, organized by chapters and exercises. It includes numerical answers for exercises ranging from basic calculations to more complex problems involving units and conversions. Each chapter covers different topics, providing a comprehensive resource for students studying electronics math.

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yasinmutlu
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12 views11 pages

Basic Electronics Math Answers Guide

The document contains answers to various exercises and problems related to basic electronics math, organized by chapters and exercises. It includes numerical answers for exercises ranging from basic calculations to more complex problems involving units and conversions. Each chapter covers different topics, providing a comprehensive resource for students studying electronics math.

Uploaded by

yasinmutlu
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

III I L II I I

Answers for Basic


Electronics Math
Exercises 1-1 Exercises 2-2
1. 235 1. 3
3. 724 3. 401.3
5. 988 5. 59049
7. 988 7. 32
9. 346 9. 27

Exercises 1-2 Problems 2-1


1. 7/6 or 1 V6 1. 116.6 W
3. 7 5/7 or 54/7 3. 14.5 A
5. 1 5. 9Vat50mA
7. 1721/15or 11 7//15 7. 12 V, 600 W, 50 A
9. 171//4or 42 3/4 9. 12 V, 20 A, 0.6 I~
11. 1/4 11. H.L. = 20 A, 0.6
D.L. = 0.125 A, 96 f~
Dist. = m4.33 A, 2.77 f~
Exercises 1-3 R = 5.17 A, 2.32 [1
TL = 2.08 A, 5.77 l~
1. 32
H = 7.1A, 1.69 I~
3. 54
5. 350
7. undefined
9. 288 Chapter3
11. 15.7
Exercises 3-1
1. 2.7 x 103
Chapter2 3. 1.2 x 10 - 2
5. 8.7 x 104
Exercises 2-1 7. 1.2 • 10 -5
9. lx 10 -8
1. 27
3. 2197
5. 125
7. 441
Exercises 3-2
9. 2401 1. 10 -2
3. 102

Answers for Basic Electronics Math I~ 191


5. 10 -5 Chapter 5
7. 1 X 108
9. 1.58 x 107 Exercises 5-1
11. 8.88 x 107
1. 13
3. 8
Problems 3-1 5. 22
7. 16
1. 7.11 kW 9. 23
3. 21.7 kW 11. 121
5. 3W
7. 0.144 12
Exercises 5-2
1. 101110011111
Chapter4 3. 1111010
5. 110101111
Exercises 4-1 7. 10101
1. Z M~ 9. 11100101000
3. 2.56 k,O.,
5. 15 GHz
7. 0.22 mH Exercises 5-3
1. 47
3. 511
Exercises 4-2 5. 371
1. 15.35 in. 7. 312
3. 91.44 cm. 9. 110111
5. 0.635 cm. 11. 111111111
7. 2187 yds. 13. 10110101010
9. 391 din.
11. 12.5cm.
13. 0.0254 mil in. Exercises 5-4
1. 10001
3. 11010
Problems 4-1 5. 11000
1. 76.2 in.
3. 182.9 yds., 548.7 ft., 2194.7 in.
5. 6780 ft., 2066.5 m. Exercises 5-5
7. 0.0000406 cm. 1. 1
9. 0.256 kHz 3. 10
11. 3 meters, 118.11 inches, 9.84 feet 5. 10
13. 1.24 GHz
15. 914.4 cm 3
17. 0.769 to 1 Exercises 5-6
19. 91.4 meters
1. 101
3. 111
5. -11010
7. 1111
9. 110101

192 4 Answersfor BasicElectronicsMath


Exercises 5-7 5. 16k2h2m
7. 21a3x 5
1. 22
9. 811R1 - 811R2
3. 350 11. 2xy2 _ 6x 2y2 _ 4x 3y2
5. 1516
13. 5ax 3 - 3x 4y
7. 2027 15. a 2 - b;
9. 12
17. h: - k2
11. 2C
19. lOx 2 + 29xy + 2 1 y ;
13. D6 21. x 5 + 4x 4 + 10x 3 + 13x 2 + x - 2
15. 3B
23. 2x 4 + 7x 3 + 9xZ5x + 1
17. 256D
25. 2IIR1
27. a 2n + aZn+Zb 2 + a 3n-3 -t- aSb 3

Chapter6
Problems 6-2
Chapter8
1. 176 Exercises 8-1
3. 13.3 yds/sec down
1. a
5. 72*
3. 3
7. 10 lbs left 5. X -4
9. 465.7 mi/hr 7. 1-5
11. 373 watt/sec
9. 2
13. - $116.35 overdrawn
11. 72
13. r2
15. E -5
Chapter 7 17. b5
19. 1/A 5
Exercises 7-1 21. s6
23. R
1. -6 25. 33/2
3. -xy 27. 81/2
5. -60 29. 23
7. - 5 x - 5y
9. 3 x - 3y
11. - abcy
Exercises 8-2
1. a
Exercises 7-2 3. 0.5 7rR
5. 0.51
1. -27 7. Xa-bl
3. x2
9. 1/3
5. 14
11. 1/2~
7. 8
13. 1
9. 16a z c 4
15. a-lb
11. 4b 6
17. 2 / ( x 3 / 2 y 5/2)
19. 2Ni -1

Exercises 7-3
1. 16x2y
3. 2ab 2 - 2ab 3

Answers for BasicElectronicsMath ]~ 193


Exercises 8-3 17. E/I
19. -+-V/Z2 q- x 2
1. ax 2
21. Q/E
3. .5x 2 + x + 1 . 5
5. 2+r
23. N2v/zp/Zs
7. . 5 a b - c2 R
25.
9. h2r -1 + 1/6h Pf
11. rl/r2 = 1 + r2/rl Rt
13. I~I~R2/12 - I2R~/I~ 27.
1 - crt

29. pL
R
Exercises 8-4 ItL
31. --
1. 3a + 2(R)5 N
3. x+8 33. Gt - G 1 - G2
5. x+y
7. x-y 35.
a
9. 22 - 3ER + R 2
11. x - 2y
13. R 2 + 0.3R + 2.56
15. - 6 . 5 1 + 13.75 Chapter 10
Exercises 10-1
Chapter9 1. x(ax+l)
3. 21R(R + 21)
Exercises 9-1 5. 2xy 2(2xy + 1)

1. 5 7. 2-~ a--~
3. -1
5. -4 9. 7r2r2
7. 7 11. a2b2c4
9.9% 13. 9x4y 2
11. % 2512
13. 4 15.
R4
15. 25
17. x 4y4z 6
17. 4
19. R= 3,-1 25
19. --
21. a= 1 I4
25. p=- 89 4,n -2
27. n = - 12 21.
9T 2
47T4
23.
Exercises 9-2 25E 2
25. 87r3
1. 300 sq. ft.
27. - 8 7 r 3r 3
3. 0.12513 a3
5. 100 ft. sq. 29. --
p6
7. 500 kHz
9. 180 cu. cm. 31. _ 8 x 9y3
11. 0.02 coulombs 8h 6
13. -4V 33. ....
27
15. 0.5 power factor

194 Answers for Basic Electronics Math


8c 37. (x + 2) 2
35. -~
27 39. ( Z - 2)(Z + 5)
i3R 6 41. (Z-5)(Z+2)
37. 43. (x - 4y)(x - 9y)
T3
45. (W - 1/8) 2
39. IR
47. 4R(I + E) 2
41. 27rh
43. al/2bc 1/2
45. - - 7r//R 2
Exercises 10-3
2ab
47. x2y 3 1. a 2 + a b - 2b 2
3. 212 + 3IR + 2R 2
6R 3
49. 5. 12 + 2IR + 15R 2
5p 7. 4x 2 + 24x + 35
x3y 4 9. a 2 - a b - 2b 2
51. 11. 2n 7 - 5 n 5 + 2 2 n 2 - 5 5
4z
53. -3 13. ~b - 02
55. 3/2 15. 2t 2 - T t - 6 T 2
57. -1/2 17. 0.02v 2 + 0 . 1 7 v w - 0.3w 2
59. 2xy 3 19. 0.9r 2 + 1 . 1 4 r i - 3.36i 2
61. 3xy 2
63. (6R)1/32RI 2
15
Exercises 10-4
65.
r 1. (I + R) 2
9RI 2 3. E2 - 31
67. 5. R+__I
2mn
7. 4t 2 • 28
qrl /9 r l /6
69.
B1/6 9. (3a-5 b)
11. (51 -9)
13. (13 -4IR2)(I 3 + 4IR 2)
Exercises 10-2 15. [R +( E - I ) ] [ R - ( E - I)]
1. 2a 2y2
2 a 2 x 2 q._ 17. (a/3 + b/a)
3. EZ / R 2 "Jr-E2 /R3 19. (E/R + 1 / 9 )
5. a 2 - 2ab + b 2
7. X 2 _ y2
9. a 2 + 2ab + b 2 Exercises 10-5
11. E2-10E+25
1. (x + 1 ) ( x - 3)
13. R2/4+R+ 1
15. a6y 4 + 2a3b2y 2 + b 4 3. (5R - 9E)(5R - 9E)
5. (I - Z ) ( R - E)
17. R2121+ 2r2Ii12 + R21~
7. (1 + 2x)(1 + 2x)
19. 25R 2 + IORIE + 12E 2
9. (a - 4b)(a - 7b)
21. 4R 2 - 912
11. ( 2 x - 3 ) ( 2 x - 3)
23. x 1 ~ 14x 5 + 4 9
13. (2a n - 5)(2a n - 5)
25. 4B 2 + 20B + 21
15. (2w + 9v)(2w + 5v)
27. O.O1R 2 - 0.25RZ + Z 2
17. (7+E)(3+E)
29. 2x
19. ( 2 1 - 3 E ) ( 2 I - 3E)
31. 9
21. (w - l l v)(w - 7v)
33. 02
23. ( a - b)(x + y)
35. 12ZR

Answers for Basic Electronics Math 195


25. (R + E - 5)(R + E + 6) Exercises 11-4
27. ( a - b ) ( a - b - 2) 26y3
29. (2Z + 3)(Z + 1) 1.
37
31. ( 3 R - 5 ) ( a - 2b) R2 + R3
33. ( 5 N - 7)(N + 2) 3.
35. (3)(a)(a)(a)(1 - 9b)(1 - 4b) E + I
37. ( x - y - i)(x + y + i) 5. x + y
39. ( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( E - 2 - I ) ( E - 2 + 1) x - y
41. (I + R - 3)(I - R + 3) 7. e+i
43. ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( a ) ( 7 x - 1)(x + 2) e - i
45. (E-R-1)(E+R) 1+21-313
47. (e+i-1)(a-b) 9. 3RI-41+ 1
49. (a + e)(a)(e - 1) x + y
11.
2
R+4
13.
Chapter 11 R- 4
15. a-h
Exercises 11-1 b + 2a
17.
1. 6 b-a
3. 8
5. 6 Exercises11-5
7. 6 a3+l
9. 3 1.
11. 5 a2
4a - 3
.3.
1-a
Exercises 1 1 - 2 5. ~ h - c b - 3c
1. 8 b+3
3. a3b 7.
-2B - 3
5. a+b B+I
7. I 9. R1 + 2 + R z W + W
9. e+2 W
11. I-r 11. E1 + E 1 R a
13. No common factor R1
3a 2 + a2b + 2a - 2 - a 2 - b
13. a2 - 1
Exercises 11-3 3r 2 + r - h - hr
1. 64 15. l+r
3. 24a2bZc2 30A - ~b0A - 6 w - 2w
5. aI3R2E 17.
(0 + 2)A
7. (a + b ) = ( a - b)
l']n + glh + l'~p + h p + p a n + poth
9. 4 ( 1 - 1)(I + 2 ) ( I - 3) 19.
a ( n + A)
11. (P + 2)(P - 2)(P + 3 ) ( P - 3)
13. 12ev2( v + e)E(v- e)2 21. 1 2
a a4
a 2
23. +
1-a 1-a

196 Answers for Basic ElectronicsMath


R1 + R1 R2- 1 4 R - 15
25. 11.
E1 R 2 - 25
x § 1 2a
27. 13.
x-1 x-1 x- 2y
0/2 O~. ,~2 15. 4x3y3z
29. + +
1 -a 1 -0/ 1 -0/
( 0 - 1)(0 + 1)
31.
(0- 1)(0 + 1) Problems 11-1
2r 1. llV
33.
2r- a 2r- a 2r-a 3. 51)
5. 187.5 12
7. a. 38792
Exercises 11-6 b. 686
a2x+ 1 c. 2134
1. a2 9. 179.2 sq. cm., 355 sq. cm.,
1 +xy 3 2550 sq. cm.
3.
xy
2ai 2 - 2aiv + i 2 - 2iv + v 2 + 2av 2
5. a2+a Chapter 12
7. R2V2 - 2V21 - R 1 V 2 - 3 V 2
Exercises 12-1
(R1 + 3 ) ( R 2 - 2)
-16I-9 1. E=4
9. 3. R=2%
72I
11. 4 5. Z=5
a 2 - 3ax + X 2 7. /3=-6
13. 9. 1A=c
a(a + x ) ( a - x )
11. n= 3m-3
-5 13. E = 3/26
15.
6(Z + 1)(Z - 1) 15. ~b= 14/15
a2 + 2a + 1 1
17. 17. R7- =
a 1+~+ 1__
Rl R3
1 0 x + 3y
19. 1
( 3 x - y ) ( 3 x - y) 19. L=
41r2 f o 2 C
-2ax 2 - 7ax- a
21.
x ( x - 1)(x + 1)
21. N = 1.261
-13a 2 + 8a- 8
23. 23. F= 9/5C+32
24a 2
A - 2"rrr2
25. h=
2~rr
Exercises 11-7 Fr 2
X 27. ml -
1. --. m2
a2
V h
3. 6IR2 29. r =----+-
9 "h2 3
5. X2-1
2 ( S - Vot - so)
i2-v 2 +v2i+vi 2 31. g = t2
7.
i2v 2
R(Z- 1)
a4b + ab - a3 b - b 33. L=
9. W
a4 - a3 + a4b- ab

Answers for Basic ElectronicsMath II~ 197


X
2 4 6
35. f- ,,
' ', : t I ' ' ~
n+l X

txKT
37. q-
D
39. RL = Avreb
300 • 10 -6
43. f=
A
45. gp=
Zlel
Exercises 14-2
I~eg - ei
1. VL = 2.84, electron flow upward
4~OX
47. /3= 3. Rth 63.8 f~, Vth = 20.64 V,
=
0x + +x + ,~0
VL = 6 . 1 4 V
Re - SRe 5. V 1 -" V2 - - 5 V
49. Rn =
S(1 - oo) - 1

Problems 14-1
Problems 12-1
1. 10,30, and 10
1. 396 I~ 3. .4 minutes, .4 minutes, and
3. missing part of figure 12-7 .10 minutes
5. 1822 5. Receivers = $150 each,
Albums = %5 each and
20 Phonographs.
Chapter 13 7. 361f~
9. 24 resistors, 40 capacitors,
Problems 13-1 and 20 fuses.

1. VL = 6.38 V, Vth = 9.57 V,


Rth = 34.3 I~
3. Rth = 5.2 kI~, G, = 0.833 mS,
Chapter 15
IN = 11.5 mA, VL = 39.5 V
Exercises 15-1
1. - 1 at - 9 0 ~
Chapter 14 3. +1 at + 9 0 ~
5. - 1 at - 9 0 ~
Exercises 14-1 7. -12at-90"
9. 4atO*
11. - 3 at - 9 0 *
6
13. - 4 at - 9 0 *

...... ~x Exercises 15-2


. h 1. 7 x / ~ j or j 7 x / ~
3.3 3. j16
5. -2
7. 5
9. 12 + j 3
' 313 "II
11. -12
13. -6

198 Answers for Basic ElectronicsMath


15. 3X/~ 3. Avm = 0.8, fl = 32 Hz,
17. -30 f2 = 2 MHz, B W = 2 MHz,
19. -1 fmid -- 23.5 kHz
21. j4 5. fl = 80Hz, f2 = 580kHz,
23. j 1 2 V / 3 - j6 BW = 580 kHz, fm - " 2.15 kHz
25. --8
27. j3
29. 0.5 Problems 16-2
31. v3 1. 14.77 dB
v~
33. j 3. 0.792 dB
35. -j2.5 5. a. +31.6 db, b. - 3 1 . 6 dB
37. -0.6 7. 0.5 m W
39. -0.5 9. 54 dB

Problems 15-1 Chapter 17


1. 90 ~ rotation or x/'-2-i-
3. yes! Problems 17-1
5. 2-X/~ 1. a = 2, b = 2.25, c = 2.38, d = 2.44,
e = 2.49, f = 2.71
3. -2.3/xsec.
Chapter 16 5. 0.105 RC
7. 142/xsec.
Exercises 16-1 9. 7.05 kHz
11. 2.2 TC
1. 0.60206
3. 1.60206
5. -3.9794
7. -3.52287
Problems 17-2
1. 10 nsec.
3. 200 nsec.
Exercises 16-2 5. 800 watt-sec.
l. 20 dB 7. 4,900 joules
3. 120 dB 9. 1
5. 55.56 dB
7. 35.6 dB
9. 73.9 db Chapter 18
Exercises 18-1
Problems 16-1
1. 0.48 rad.
1. 1.59 kHz
3. 1.31 rad.
3. [Link]
5. 5.5 rad.
5. 15.9 kHz
7. 3.03 rad.
9. 360*
11. 137.5"
Problems 16-3 13. 28.65*
1. fl = 6.36Hz, f2 = 48 kHz,
fm = 5.5 kHz, BW = 47.4 kHz,
Avrn = 0.66

Answersfor BasicElectronicsMath 199


Exercises 18-2 Problems 20-3
1. sin = 0.866, cos = 0.5, tan = 1.732 1. 13.23 W
3. sin = 0.707, cos = 0.707, tan = 1 3. 932/xW
5. sin = 0.5, cos = 0.866, 5. 4.53 A
tan = -0.577 7. 50/xA
7. sin = - 0 . 7 0 7 , cos = - 0 . 7 0 7 ,
tan = -1
9. sin = - 0 . 8 6 6 , cos = - 0 . 5 Problems 20-4
1. 0.089/xA
3. 5 pF
Chapter 19
Exercises 19-1 Problems 20-5
7. 10 msec, 628t, - 2 7 0 " 1. 820/75.9 ~
9. 19.2 Hz, 52 msec., 120.5t, 120" 3. 0.156 A
5. 0.64 mA, 0 = - 5 7 . 8 *

Exercises 19-2
1. 50 + j 8 6 . 7
Problems 20-6
3. 0 + jl00 1. 79.6 m A
5. 100+ j0 3. 802 ~ , 2 4 9 / x A
7. 77.9 + j 6 2 . 7 5. R = 16.3 ~ , L = 3.47 ~
9. 54.4 + j 5 4 . 4
11. 49.5 + j 6 5 . 5
Problems 20-7
1. 0.0047/xF
Problems 19-1 3. 11
1. 603 m p h
3. 20.39 knots at 56.3 ~
5. 151.1 miles above earth Exercises 20-1
7. 304.2 lb. at 25.3"
1. R = 69.2 kl~, Xc = 4.61 k ~ ,
0 = --33.7*
3. R = 2 . 6 k l ] , X c = 1.5 k ~ , 0 = - 2 ~
Chapter20 5. R = 2.6 kf~, Xc = 1.5 kl~, 0 = - 3 0 *
7. R = 1.99kl~,Xc = 642[~,
Problems 20-1 0 = -17.9"

1. -118V
3. 212V
5. 28.5*
Exercises 20-2
1. R = 69~,Xc = 46~
3. R = 4.33 kl~, XL = 7.5 kf~
Problems 20-2 5. R = 1.51k~,XL = 1.41k~
7. 64f~
1. 68.4 m A
9. 277 f~, 872 13
3. 12 M I I
5. 158.4/xA
7. 339.4 V

200 Answersfor BasicElectronicsMath


Exercises20-3 0

AB+AC
1. fr = 15.9 kHz, fl = 14.9 kHz, Ac
f2 = 16.9 kHz, BW = 2 kHz
3. fr = 159 kHz, B W = 3.2 kHz, II.
Q = 50, F1 = 157 kHz,
f2 = 160, 6 kHz

13. c~>.-c
Problems 20-9
15. A~)_A+ w
1. z = 260/4.4~
3. Z = 19.6 k / . - - 9 0 * l ]
17.
5. Z = 4.25 k / - 4 5 * f ~

Problems 20-9 19.


A•
AC
A .~
AB+AC

A+CD
1. C = 45.5 p,F [
D
3. Fr = 12.6kHz
5. Rp = 19.6 kD,

Exercises 21-2
Problems 20-10
1. 0 A b.+AC
3. A.
5. At the output .

~)- ABC+ABD

Chapter21
Exercises 21-1 .

1. BA~~--]~ AB(C+D)

7. A ~ A c
C
.

9.
AB+C c

tA~A+BC C

Answers for Basic Electronics Math 201

Common questions

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Phasor representation simplifies AC circuit analysis by converting sinusoidal functions to complex numbers, facilitating the handling of phase differences and magnitudes in AC circuits. It allows complex calculations, such as voltages and currents to be added, subtracted, and multiplied more efficiently. For example, using impedance (Z) in phasor form, like Z = 260/4.4Ω, aids in understanding and optimizing circuit performance .

The quadratic formula is applied in electronics engineering to solve second-order equations that frequently arise in system analysis, such as resonance frequency calculations and component characteristics involving capacitance and inductance. It helps in determining voltages and currents where relationships are quadratic, ensuring accurate design outcomes. Example equations like x^2 - y^2 help resolve key component parameters .

Improper phase angle calculation can significantly alter the performance of an AC circuit by causing power losses and reducing efficiency. Incorrect angles can lead to improper reactive power management, resulting in poor power factor management. This may impact impedance matching, detuning filters, and altering natural frequencies which affect overall circuit stability and performance, illustrated by the importance of specified angles such as θ = -33.7° for optimizing phase relationships .

Understanding exponents is crucial in electronics math for accurately calculating power and energy since these quantities often involve exponential relationships. For instance, power (P) may be derived as energy expended per unit time, with wattage calculated using square law terms, such as in power laws associating V^2/R in circuits . The precision of calculations involving exponential functions impacts the design and analysis of high-power and energy-efficient systems.

Incorrect unit conversions in circuit calculations can lead to significant errors, resulting in faulty circuit design or component failure. For example, mistaking microfarads for picofarads can drastically alter capacitance values, affecting resonance frequency and impedance matching in the circuit. Consistent conversion ensures reliability and efficiency, as demonstrated by the precision required in accurately defining parameters like R = 69.2 kΩ and Xc = 4.61 kΩ, affecting phase angles .

Conversions between metric and imperial units are crucial for compatibility and standardization in designing and interpreting electronics systems. For example, converting inches to meters is essential when dealing with dimensional specifications in manufacturing, as in the conversion of 15.35 inches to approximately 39 cm . Consistent unit conversions ensure that components fit together correctly and function as expected.

Time domain analysis examines how circuit quantities such as voltage and current change over time, crucial for understanding transient behaviors. Frequency domain analysis focuses on steady-state responses, important for examining filter response, resonance, and bandwidth. The use of techniques like Laplace transforms allows conversion between domains for comprehensive understanding, as illustrated in resonance capture at frequencies fl = 32 Hz and f2 = 2 MHz .

In circuit design, the relationships between resistance, capacitance, and inductance determine the behavior and efficiency of electronic systems. Resistance affects the flow of current and is used to control voltage levels. Capacitance affects the ability to store and release electrical energy, impacting filtering and signal stabilization. Inductance influences the flow of current and frequency response in circuits. For instance, in a circuit where R = 2.6kΩ and Xc = 1.5kΩ, the phase angle is adjusted to manage how reactive components like capacitors and inductors store and release energy, optimizing performance .

Simultaneous equations are essential for resolving multiple interdependent variables in complex electronic circuits, such as voltage, current, and resistance at different nodes. They allow for the simultaneous consideration of multiple laws and principles like Ohm’s Law and Kirchhoff’s Laws, ensuring comprehensive analysis. Chapter examples like resolving multiple circuit equations demonstrate how to achieve equilibrium and functionality .

To convert binary numbers to hexadecimal in electronic calculations, group the binary digits in sets of four, starting from the right. Each group can be directly converted to one hexadecimal digit. For example, the binary number 101110011111 can be grouped as 1011 (B), 1001 (9), 1111 (F), resulting in the hexadecimal number B9F .

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