Simulation Activity: ASEAN Summit on West Philippine Sea Security

Introduction

Moderator (Jowax):
"Good morning, everyone! Welcome to the ASEAN Summit on West Philippine Sea Security Simulation.
Today, we will explore how ASEAN leaders handle the territorial disputes in the South China Sea through
diplomacy, negotiation, and collaboration. Our goal is to reach a consensus on how to maintain peace
while protecting national interests. Let’s begin with opening statements from the leaders of the ASEAN
countries."

Step 1: Opening Statements (8 minutes)

Moderator (Jowax):
"Each leader will have 30 seconds to present their country’s position on the West Philippine Sea,
highlighting key concerns, aspirations, and proposed solutions. Let’s begin with the President of the
Philippines."

President of the Philippines (Ellah):

"The Philippines holds a firm stance on the West Philippine Sea, rooted in our commitment to
international law and the UNCLOS ruling. We seek to safeguard our territorial waters from foreign
incursions, particularly China’s illegal actions in our Exclusive Economic Zone. Our aspirations are simple:
peace through diplomacy, respect for sovereignty, and regional unity. To this end, I propose that ASEAN
presents a unified front, demanding adherence to international rulings while establishing a joint ASEAN
maritime patrol to protect our waters. Together, we can promote stability while ensuring respect for
national boundaries."

Prime Minister of Vietnam (Kim Niñeza Brazona):

"Vietnam shares the same urgency in defending our sovereignty in the South China Sea. The
militarization of the region by external powers, especially China’s activities in the Paracel and Spratly
Islands, threatens peace and stability. Vietnam calls for an ASEAN-led diplomatic solution. We aspire for
a rules-based regional order that respects each country’s territorial claims. I propose establishing a
multilateral dialogue between ASEAN and China, supported by our regional partners. Together, we must
use both diplomacy and strategic alliances to deter further aggression."

Prime Minister of Malaysia (Klarisse Philo):

"Malaysia’s focus is twofold: securing our sovereign claims and promoting economic cooperation in the
South China Sea. While we acknowledge the territorial disputes, we believe that economic collaboration,
such as joint ventures in oil and gas exploration, could be a pathway to peace. Malaysia calls for ASEAN
to encourage joint economic activities that respect international laws and sovereignty. Our goal is to
create a region where economic interdependence promotes stability, reducing the likelihood of conflict."
Sultan of Brunei (Vern Emmanuel Licuanan):
"Brunei advocates for peaceful and constructive dialogue. The South China Sea is a vital waterway for
trade, and maintaining peace is paramount for all ASEAN members. We are committed to promoting
diplomacy and respect for international law. Our aspiration is the development of a binding Code of
Conduct between ASEAN and China to regulate behavior in the disputed territories. I propose that ASEAN
nations work together on establishing these guidelines to ensure peace, stability, and respect for
sovereignty in the region."

Prime Minister of Singapore (trib):

"Singapore’s top priority is ensuring the security of vital shipping lanes in the South China Sea. As a non-
claimant state, our interest lies in maintaining freedom of navigation for global trade, which is crucial to
Singapore’s economy. We advocate for a peaceful resolution to territorial disputes, driven by ASEAN
unity. Our solution is to lead regional efforts in maritime security, ensuring that economic activities are
not disrupted. Singapore proposes a regional security framework under ASEAN’s guidance that
guarantees freedom of navigation while balancing the interests of claimant and non-claimant states."

President of Indonesia (Jennifer S. Libot):

"Although Indonesia does not have territorial claims in the South China Sea, we are committed to
regional stability. Our concern is the potential for conflict in these waters spilling over into Indonesia’s
maritime zones. Indonesia calls for peaceful negotiations under ASEAN’s leadership and proposes the
creation of a regional peacekeeping force to monitor military activities in the area. Our solution includes
engaging external powers such as the United States and China in a dialogue that promotes peace
without compromising ASEAN’s neutrality."

Prime Minister of Thailand (Nicole Salazar):

"Thailand stands for diplomacy and regional consensus. We believe that ASEAN should present a united
front when dealing with external powers. Our aspiration is a peaceful and stable region where disputes
are settled through negotiations rather than force. Thailand proposes formalizing ASEAN’s mechanisms
for conflict resolution and encouraging dialogue between all involved parties. We support Indonesia’s call
for a peacekeeping force and suggest establishing a more comprehensive dispute resolution framework
within ASEAN."

Prime Minister of Cambodia (Gayle Herocan):

"Cambodia seeks to maintain peace and stability through constructive engagement with all involved
parties. While Cambodia does not have direct stakes in the South China Sea, we see the potential for
economic cooperation in the region. We propose that ASEAN leverage its diplomatic influence to foster
joint development initiatives with external powers like China. Cambodia’s goal is to support peace by
fostering mutual economic interests that make conflict less desirable."
President of Myanmar (Dominic Espallardo):
"Myanmar’s main concern is maintaining stability in Southeast Asia. While not a claimant in the South
China Sea, Myanmar supports ASEAN-led negotiations that ensure peace and security in the region. We
advocate for diplomatic engagement with external powers to ensure that disputes do not escalate into
conflict. Myanmar supports Cambodia’s proposal for joint economic ventures and believes that ASEAN
should continue its role as a mediator in the South China Sea disputes."

President of Laos (Rejee Labo):

"Laos, as a landlocked country, does not have direct stakes in the South China Sea, but we fully recognize
the importance of regional security. Laos encourages a diplomatic approach that balances external
influences while preserving ASEAN’s unity. We propose that ASEAN countries develop mechanisms for
cooperation with both China and other external powers, ensuring that economic partnerships contribute
to peace rather than fueling tensions."

Step 2: Issue Identification and Working Groups (7 minutes)

Moderator (Jowax):
"Thank you for your opening statements. We will now divide into three working groups. Each group will
discuss a specific aspect of the South China Sea issue and propose solutions. You will have 3 minutes to
present your group's findings. Let’s begin."

 Group 1: Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei

Focus: Sovereignty and territorial rights

President of the Philippines (Ellah):

"The group Unity for Maritime Sovereignty has identified sovereignty as the key concern. Both the
Philippines and Vietnam face encroachments by China. To address this, we propose establishing joint
ASEAN patrols in disputed waters to safeguard our territorial rights. Furthermore, we believe in
strengthening the enforcement of the UNCLOS tribunal ruling, pushing ASEAN to collectively demand
China’s compliance with international law."

Prime Minister of Vietnam (Kim Niñeza Brazona):

"Vietnam echoes the Philippines' stance. Additionally, we propose a multilateral approach to engage
China through diplomatic dialogue. However, we must ensure that ASEAN presents a strong, united
stance in these negotiations, leaving no room for division."

Prime Minister of Malaysia (Klarisse Philo):

"While we agree on sovereignty, Malaysia suggests balancing this approach with economic cooperation.
Joint ventures in disputed areas can help foster regional cooperation and reduce tensions."

Sultan of Brunei (Vern Emmanuel Licuanan):

"The Code of Conduct must be enforceable, ensuring that all parties, including China, respect the rules of
engagement. ASEAN should lead this effort."
  Group 2: Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand
Focus: Security and economic cooperation

Prime Minister of Singapore (trib):

"Our group, Collaborative Security and Economic Stability, focus is ensuring the security of vital maritime
routes. Singapore proposes that ASEAN create a regional maritime security force to safeguard the
shipping lanes that pass through the South China Sea."

President of Indonesia (Jennifer S. Libot):

"Indonesia emphasizes the need for peace and stability. We propose the formation of an ASEAN
peacekeeping force that can monitor military activities and respond to any security threats. Additionally,
we suggest engaging external powers like the United States and China to maintain regional security
without compromising ASEAN’s neutrality."

Prime Minister of Thailand (Nicole Salazar):

"Thailand believes that diplomacy is the key to solving these issues. We propose formalizing ASEAN's
conflict resolution framework to prevent disputes from escalating. We also support Indonesia's
suggestion of an ASEAN-led peacekeeping force to ensure stability."

 Group 3: Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos

Focus: Cooperation with external powers

Prime Minister of Cambodia (Gayle Herocan):

"Our group’s discussion focused on the importance of balancing external influences. Cambodia sees
potential in engaging China and the U.S. through joint economic activities that promote peace. We
propose fostering economic cooperation while ensuring that these partnerships do not undermine
regional stability."

President of Myanmar (Dominic Espallardo):

"Myanmar supports Cambodia’s call for economic cooperation. We believe ASEAN should continue to act
as a mediator between external powers, ensuring that no single actor dominates the region."

President of Laos (Rejee Labo):

"Laos agrees with the need for cooperation. We propose establishing clear guidelines for engaging
external powers, ensuring that ASEAN’s unity remains intact and that our economic partnerships
contribute to regional peace."

Step 3: Negotiation Round (10 minutes)

Moderator (Jowax):
"We will now move to the negotiation round. Each group will present their solutions and engage in
discussion for 4 minutes. Let’s begin with Unity for Maritime Sovereignty."

Group 1: Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Brunei

Philippines (Ellah):
"Thank you, Moderator. As representatives of Unity for Maritime Sovereignty, we recognize that our
nations share common interests in the West Philippine Sea. Our primary focus is on establishing a Code
of Conduct that respects international law, particularly UNCLOS. We believe this code can guide our
nations in resolving disputes and ensuring freedom of navigation."

Vietnam (Kim Niñeza Brazona):

"Additionally, we propose enhancing maritime security cooperation among our countries. This could
involve joint maritime patrols to safeguard our waters and deter illegal activities. By working together,
we can strengthen our positions against external threats."

Malaysia (Klarisse Philo):

"We should also consider joint economic activities in disputed areas. Establishing a collaborative
framework for resource-sharing, particularly in fishing and energy exploration, would foster mutual
benefits and reduce tensions in the region."

Brunei (Vern Emmanuel Licuanan):

"Finally, we suggest creating a platform for regular dialogues among our nations to discuss ongoing
challenges and share information. This could help build trust and understanding, enabling us to work
more effectively together. Thank you."

Moderator (Jowax):
"Thank you, Unity for Maritime Sovereignty. Now, let's move on to Group Collaborative Security and
Economic Stability, consisting of Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand. You have four minutes to present
your proposals."

Group 2: Singapore, Indonesia, and Thailand

Singapore (trib):
"Thank you, Moderator. Collaborative Security and Economic Stability is committed to promoting a
secure maritime environment in the West Philippine Sea. One of our key proposals is to enhance the
cooperation of our naval forces through joint exercises and training. This would improve our readiness to
address maritime challenges collectively."

Indonesia (Jennifer S. Libot):

"In addition, we advocate for establishing clear communication channels among ASEAN countries to
prevent misunderstandings and manage crises effectively. Regular meetings could serve as a platform for
discussing security concerns and fostering transparency."

Thailand (Nicole Salazar):

"Moreover, we suggest that ASEAN should work closely with external partners such as the United States,
Japan, and Australia to bolster regional security. Engaging these nations can provide additional support
and resources, helping us maintain stability in the face of territorial disputes."
Moderator (Jowax):
"Thank you, Collaborative Security and Economic Stability. Now, let's hear from Group Dialogue for
Peaceful Coexistence, which consists of Cambodia, Myanmar, and Laos. You have four minutes for your
presentation."

Group 3: Cambodia, Myanmar, and Laos

Cambodia (Gayle Herocan):

"Thank you, Moderator. In Dialogue for Peaceful Coexistence, we believe that fostering dialogue is
essential for resolving disputes in the West Philippine Sea. We propose that ASEAN should initiate a
series of high-level meetings focused specifically on maritime security issues to build consensus among
member states."

Myanmar (Dominic Espallardo):

"Furthermore, we must prioritize humanitarian concerns in the region. We suggest that all ASEAN
members work together to ensure the protection of fishermen's rights and their livelihoods, particularly
in disputed areas. A collaborative approach can alleviate tensions and promote goodwill among our
nations."

Laos (Rejee Labo):

"Finally, we propose developing an ASEAN action plan that outlines specific steps for addressing security
concerns in the West Philippine Sea. This plan should include timelines and responsibilities for each
member state to ensure accountability and progress toward our shared goals."

Moderator (Jowax):
"Thank you, Dialogue for Peaceful Coexistence, for your thoughtful proposals. Each group's presentations
reflect a strong commitment to addressing the challenges in the West Philippine Sea. We will now move
to Step 4, where we will draft a joint declaration outlining the consensus reached during our
negotiations. Let's work together to finalize our commitments and strategies moving forward."

(Other groups present their solutions, with discussions focused on balancing security, economic
cooperation, and engagement with external powers.)

Step 4: Expert Q&A Round (5 minutes)

Moderator (Jowax):
"We will now invite our experts—security, economic, and human rights—to ask questions to the ASEAN
leaders about their proposed solutions."

International Media Reporter 1 (@Louise Miguel Sale):

"To the leaders, how do you envision balancing national sovereignty with the need for cooperation in the
South China Sea, particularly in light of recent tensions?"
President of the Philippines (Ellah):
"We believe that cooperation does not equate to compromising our sovereignty. Joint maritime patrols
are designed to enhance security while upholding our rights. We will engage with all parties
diplomatically to ensure that these patrols are accepted."

Security Expert 1 (@John Patrick Pangan):

"What measures will be implemented to ensure that the proposed maritime security initiatives do not
escalate tensions with China?"

Prime Minister of Malaysia (Klarisse Philo):

"We will focus on a defensive posture in our maritime patrols. The goal is not to provoke but to safeguard
our waters. Continuous dialogue with China is crucial."

Security Expert 2 (Gill Milana):

"How does the Philippines plan to balance its defense strategies with diplomatic efforts in the West
Philippine Sea?"

Philippines (Ellah):
"The Philippines recognizes that maintaining a robust defense is crucial for our national security,
especially in the face of increasing tensions in the West Philippine Sea. To balance this, we are enhancing
our naval capabilities through fleet modernization and joint exercises with allies. Simultaneously, we are
committed to diplomatic engagement, advocating for open dialogues with neighboring countries to
resolve disputes peacefully. By pursuing a dual approach of strengthening our defense while fostering
communication and cooperation, we aim to protect our sovereignty and ensure stability in the region."

Economic Expert (@Cruzevelle Nacnac Barrio):

"In your economic proposals, how can ASEAN ensure that shared resources do not lead to exploitation by
external powers?"

Prime Minister of Indonesia (Jennifer S. Libot):

"ASEAN will establish clear guidelines for joint ventures, ensuring that benefits are equitably shared.
Transparency will be key to avoiding exploitation."

NGO Representative 1 (Human Rights) (@Marriane Jane Margate):

"How will you ensure that security measures respect the rights of local communities and fishermen
affected by these territorial disputes?"

Prime Minister of Vietnam (Kim Niñeza Brazona):

"Local communities will be prioritized in our security measures. We aim to protect their livelihoods while
enforcing maritime laws."

NGO Representative 2 (Environmental) (@Marriane Jane Margate):

"What strategies do you have in place to address environmental concerns in the South China Sea amid
rising tensions?"

Prime Minister of Thailand (Nicole Salazar):

"Environmental protection must be integrated into any economic activities in the region. We propose a
regional environmental framework to ensure sustainable practices."
US Diplomat (@NaCl Carbon Dioxide):
"How can ASEAN engage external powers effectively to deter aggression while maintaining regional
unity?"

Sultan of Brunei (Vern Emmanuel Licuanan):

"ASEAN must present a united front when engaging external powers. Our goal is to ensure that any
negotiations promote peace and stability without favoring any single party."

UN Representative (@Loverne Chanao):

"Given the complexities of the South China Sea, how can ASEAN leverage international support for its
initiatives?"

President of the Philippines (Ellah):

"We will appeal to the international community for support in enforcing UNCLOS rulings and promoting
our proposals for maritime security and economic cooperation."

Step 5: Closing Statements (4 minutes)

Moderator (Jowax):
"Thank you, everyone, for your insightful questions and engaging discussions today. As we conclude our
press conference, I would like to invite each leader to share their final thoughts on our summit's
outcomes and reaffirm their commitments to regional security in the West Philippine Sea. Let’s start with
the President of the Philippines."

President of the Philippines (Ellah):

"Thank you, Moderator. Today, we have collectively underscored the importance of cooperation and
dialogue among ASEAN nations. The Philippines is committed to upholding the rule of law and ensuring
that all maritime disputes are resolved peacefully through diplomatic means. We believe that respecting
the UNCLOS is essential for regional stability. Together, let us work towards a unified approach that
benefits all our nations. Thank you."

Prime Minister of Vietnam (Kim Niñeza Brazona):

"I echo the sentiments of my fellow leaders. Vietnam remains steadfast in its position regarding the West
Philippine Sea. We will continue to defend our sovereignty and work with our ASEAN partners to foster a
secure and stable maritime environment. Our unity is our strength. Let us move forward with shared
goals and mutual respect. Thank you."

Prime Minister of Malaysia (Klarisse Philo):

"Malaysia is dedicated to enhancing maritime security and promoting collaborative economic ventures
within the region. We recognize that a prosperous ASEAN is built on mutual trust and cooperation. As we
address our shared challenges, let us remember the importance of dialogue and understanding.
Together, we can create a brighter future for our nations. Thank you."

Sultan of Brunei (Vern Emmanuel Licuanan):

"Brunei firmly believes that peace and stability are paramount in the West Philippine Sea. Our
commitment to the ASEAN Way, which emphasizes consensus and non-interference, will guide our
approach as we navigate these complexities. I look forward to working alongside all of you to promote
harmony in our region. Thank you."

Prime Minister of Singapore (trib):

"Singapore reaffirms its commitment to maintaining freedom of navigation and overflight in the South
China Sea. We understand that our economic prosperity relies on safe and secure maritime routes. Let
us collaborate to establish a Code of Conduct that not only protects our interests but also strengthens
our regional ties. Thank you."

President of Indonesia (Jennifer S. Libot):

"Indonesia stands ready to contribute to the dialogue surrounding the West Philippine Sea. We must
prioritize conflict resolution mechanisms to prevent misunderstandings and ensure long-term peace. Our
nation believes in the power of diplomacy and is eager to work together for the greater good of ASEAN.
Thank you."

Prime Minister of Thailand (Nicole Salazar):

"Thailand advocates for a balanced approach to address the complexities of the West Philippine Sea
issue. We believe in nurturing our partnerships while ensuring our national interests are met. We must
continue our efforts toward collective security and regional collaboration. Thank you."

Prime Minister of Cambodia (Gayle Herocan):

"Cambodia emphasizes the importance of inclusivity in our discussions. We should ensure that the
voices of all ASEAN member states are heard as we navigate this critical issue. Together, let us strengthen
our bonds and work towards a peaceful resolution that honors our shared values. Thank you."

President of Myanmar (Dominic Espallardo):

"Myanmar is committed to regional stability and the principles of respect and dialogue. We believe that
the ASEAN framework provides an essential platform for cooperation. As we move forward, let us uphold
the values of peace, solidarity, and mutual respect. Thank you."

President of Laos (Rejee Labo):

"Finally, Laos would like to emphasize that our unity is key to resolving the West Philippine Sea disputes.
We must work together to create a sustainable and peaceful environment for our countries. I am
optimistic about our future collaborations within ASEAN. Thank you."

Step 6: Conclusion (5 minutes)

Moderator (Jowax):
"Thank you, everyone, for your participation. Today’s discussions have highlighted the importance of
ASEAN unity in addressing the complex issues in the South China Sea. We have seen proposals for joint
patrols, economic cooperation, and diplomatic engagement—all aimed at maintaining peace while
safeguarding territorial integrity. Moving forward, ASEAN’s strength will be in our unity and commitment
to a peaceful, rules-based resolution."