San Miguel National High School

Purok 4, San Miguel, Davao de Oro Province

Junior High School Department

I. Objectives
At the end of the 45-minute session, the students will be able to:
a. define what is El Niño and La Niña in Philippine settings;
b. portray the impact of El Niño and La Niña on people and environment in Philippine
settings; and
c. recognize how El Niño and La Niña affects on people and environment in the
Philippines

II. Subject Matter

Learning Competency: Describe certain phenomena that occur on a global level. (S9ES-IIIf-
31)
Topic: Climatic Phenomena occurring on a global level: El Niño and La Niña
Materials: PowerPoint presentation
Reference: Science 9 Learner’s Module (CO_Q3_Science 9_Module 5),
[Link]
The Devastating Impact of El Niño on Philippine Agriculture – Industry Strategic Science and
Technology Plans (ISPs) Platform
Value (s): Responsibility, Respect, Empathy, Resourcefulness

Describe certain climatic phenomena that occur on a global level

III. Procedure
A. Preparatory Activities
1. Classroom Routine
▪ Prayer
▪ Greetings
▪ Attendance
2. Review
The teacher will ask the students questions about the greenhouse effects, global
warming, and climate change.

3. Motivation
The teacher will present a video exercise.
B. Lesson Proper
1. Activity
The teacher will let the students play a game called, “Guess the Jumbled Word Game”

Instruction: The teacher will show a jumbled word, the student will volunteer, or the teacher will call
any student to figure out the real word. The student who will get the real word will earn an extra point.

2. Analysis
The teacher will ask the students the following questions:
1. Are the words familiar to you?
2. What did you think will be our topic this morning?
 San Miguel National High School
Purok 4, San Miguel, Davao de Oro Province
Junior High School Department

3. Abstraction.

1. What is El Niño? What is La Niña?

LA NIÑA - is marked by the cooling of sea surface temperatures in the same regions.
• It may last for nine to twelve months but in some cases, it lasts for two
years.
(Normal Condition)

In the Philippines, this can bring more rain, cooler weather, and more frequent and
powerful typhoons.
• Increased Rainfall: More frequent and intense rains, which can lead to
flooding and landslides.
• Cooler Temperatures: Generally cooler weather compared to El Niño
periods.
EL NIÑO - is characterized by the warming of sea surface temperatures in the central
and eastern equatorial Pacific.
• This phenomenon occurs at irregular intervals of two to seven years and
lasts for nine months or two years at most.

In the Philippines, this can mean less rain, hotter weather, and sometimes weaker
typhoons.
• Reduced Rainfall: Prolonged dry seasons, potentially causing droughts and
water shortages.
• Higher Temperatures: Increased temperatures can lead heatwaves and affect
agriculture.
 San Miguel National High School
Purok 4, San Miguel, Davao de Oro Province
Junior High School Department

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

(PAGASA) - In the Philippines, PAGASA monitors and provides updates on El Niño
and La Niña conditions.

2. What are the effects of El Niño and La Niña on people and environment in
the Philippines?
Effects of El Niño on people and environment in the Philippines
EL NIÑO
• Agriculture: Reduced rainfall during El Niño leads to crop failure, impacting
rice production, and causing food insecurity due to lower crop yields.
• Water scarcity: Droughts during El Niño can result in severe water shortages,
impacting access to clean drinking water for communities.
• Forest Fires: Dry conditions during El Niño increase the risk of forest fires,
further damaging the environment.
• Livelihood impact: Farmers and communities reliant on agriculture face
economic hardship due to crop losses.
LA NIÑA
• Flooding and landslides: Increased rainfall during La Niña can cause
widespread flooding and landslides, damaging infrastructure and displacing
communities.
• Coastal erosion: Heavy rainfall during La Niña can lead to increased coastal
erosion, impacting coastal communities.
• Typhoon intensity: La Niña conditions can potentially strengthen tropical
storms and typhoons, leading to more destructive weather events.
• Disease outbreaks: Flooding during La Niña can create conditions conducive
to the spread of waterborne diseases.

4. Application.
Print me a picture

Directions: The teacher will prepare three crumpled papers, each containing a different scenario related
to the impact of global warming. The class will be divided into four groups, and the teacher will
randomly select one scenario for each group to portray. You will have only 30 seconds to prepare. When
the teacher says “freeze,” you must stop and portray the effects or impact of La Nina and El Nino on
people and environment in the Philippines based on the given scenario. Your performance will be scored
using the provided rubric.

Scenario 1 (Water Shortage):

San Miguel experiences a water shortage due to extreme heat. Print me a picture of people line up
with containers to get water from a single pump, causing long waits and arguments.

Scenario 2 (Food Scarcity):

Farmers struggle with poor harvests because of unpredictable weather. Print me a picture of a families
have less food to eat, and parents worry about how to feed their children.

Scenario 3 (Flooding):
Heavy rain causes floods in a neighborhood. Print me a picture of a people work together to save
belongings, move to safer areas, and clean up muddy homes afterward.
 San Miguel National High School
Purok 4, San Miguel, Davao de Oro Province
Junior High School Department

Generalization.
The teacher will call the students to answer the following questions:
1. What is El Niño? La Niña?
2. How does understanding what El Niño and La Niña is help us predict and prepare for its effects on
communities and the environment specifically in the Philippines?

IV. Evaluation
Read each statement and classify whether it describes La Niña or El Niño. Write LN for
La Niña and EN for El Niño. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. The episodes of ocean warming that affect the eastern tropical Pacific.
2. A powerful climate change that occurs about every two to seven years.
3. It can cause wild weather on the west coast and strong winds over the Pacific Ocean, violent typhoons,
rainstorms, and floods.
4. It occurs when the ocean waters are cooler than normal.
5. The episode when winds push from east to west resulting to a wetter weather to the Pacific region.

V. Assignment/Agreement
The students will read on advance about Constellation.

ELISA D. DORIA
Practice Teacher
 San Miguel National High School
Purok 4, San Miguel, Davao de Oro Province
Junior High School Department

Observed and checked by:

ARIES JOHN SORO, LPT

Cooperating Teacher