CHAPTER

CHAPTER 4 RATES
RATES

CHAPTEREXERCISEAnswers
: for this chapter star t on page 280.

A calculator should
should N O T be
NOT used on
be used on the
the
following
following questions.
questions.
submarine descends
As a submarine descends into the deep
into the deep ocean,
ocean,
the pressure
the pressure itit m u s t withstand
must withstand increases. At
increases. At an
an
altitude of ‐700
altitude - 700 meters, pressure is
the pressure
meters, the is 50
50 atrn
atrn
diet plan
Tim's diet
Tim’s plan calls for 60 grams of
60 grams protein per
of protein per (atmospheres),
(atmosphe res), andand at an altitude of
an altitude of -‐900
900
day. If
day. If Tim were to meet
were this requirement
meet this requirement byby meters, the
the pressure
pressure is 70 atrn. For every
meters, atrn . For every 10
10
only
only eating certain protein
eating a certain protein bar
bar that
that contains
contains 30
30 meters the
meters submarine descends,
the submarine descends, the pressure itit
the pressure
grams of protein,
grams protein, how many protein
how many bars would
protein bars would faces increases
increases by n, where
where n isis a constant. What
a constant. What
he have to buy
he have buy to last a
a week?
week? is the value
va lue of n ??
A) 0.1
B) 1
C) 2
D
D)) 110
0

electronics company
An electronics company sells
sells computer
computer monitors empty pool
An empty can be
pool can hours if
be filled in 5 hours water is
if water is
monitors
and releases
and releases a model every
e w model
a nnew every year.
year . With
With each
each
pumped
pumped in at 300 gallons
gallons an How many
hour . How
an hour. many
new model,
new the company
model, the increases the
company increases the screen
screen hours would it take
hours would the pool
take to fill the water is
pool if water is
size
size by a constant amount. In
constan t amount. ln 2005, the
the screen
screen
pumped
pumped in at 500 gallons
ga llon s an
an hour?
hour?
size was 15.5 inches.
size was 1n2011, the screen
inches . In screen size was
size was
18.5 inches. Which of the
inches. Which the following
following best
best
describes
describes how
how the size changed
screen size
the screen changed between
between
2005 and
and 2011?
A) The company
A) The company increases
increases the
the screen size by
screen size by
inch every
0.5 inch every year.
year .
The company
B) The increases the
company increases the screen size by 1
screen size
inches every
inches every year.
year.
C) The company increases the
company increases screen size
the screen size by
by 22 If a app les cost d dollars, which of the following
inches every
inches every year.
year .
expressions gives the cost of 20 apples, in
The company
D) The increases the
company increases screen size
the screen size by
by 3
3 dollars?
inches every
inches every year.
20a
A) 303
d
d
B)
B) y20d
a
a
C) 20d
C) 207
20
D>H
D) ad

34
 THE COLLEGE PANDA
THE COLLEGE PANDA

During
During a
a raceon
race on a
a circular race track,
circular race track, aa racecar
racecar ‘ Idina can type
Idina can words in 2.5 minutes.
90 words
type 90 minutes. H ow
How
bums
bums fuel
fuel at
at a
a constant rate. After
constant rate. lap 4, the
After lap the many words
many words can
can she type in 12
she type 12 minutes?
minutes?
racecar has
racecar ga110ns left
has 22 gallons tank. After
its tank.
left in its lap 7,
After lap
the
the racecar has 18 gallons
racecar has left in its
gallons left tank.
its tank.
Assuming the
Assuming racecar does
the racecar does not refuel, after
not refuel, after
which lap will
which lap the racecar
will the have 6 gallons
racecar have left in
gallons left
its tank?
tank?
A) Lap 13
Lap 13
B)
B) Lap
Lap 15
15
C)
C) Lap
Lap 16
16 _
D
D) LLap 19
19
) ap A salesman company makes
salesman at aa tea company makes a a $15
commission
commission on on every worth of products
every $100 worth products
_ that he
that he sells.
sells. If
If a
a jar of tea leaves
leaves is $20, how
how
many jars
many jars would
would he have to
he have sell to
to sell make $180 in
to make
commission?
By 1:00 PM,
PM, a total
total of 40 boxes had
40 boxes had been
been commission?
unloaded
unloaded fromfrom a a delivery truck . By 3:30 PM,
delivery truck. PM, a a
total
total of 65 boxes had
65 boxes had been unloaded from
been unloaded from the
the
same truck. If
same truck. If boxes are unloaded
boxes are unloaded from
from the truck
the truck
at a constant rate, what
constant rate, the total
what is the number of
total number
boxes that
boxes will have
that will have been
been unloaded
unloaded fromfrom the
the
truck
truck by PM?
by 7:00 PM?

A train covers 32
train covers 32 kilometers
kilometers in 14.5 minutes.
minutes . If it
If it
continues to travel
continues at the
travel at the same which of the
rate, which
same rate, the
following
following is closest to
is closest distance it
the distance
to the will travel
it will travel
in 2 hours?
hours?
54kilometers
A) 54 kilometers
A calculator is allowed following
allowed on the following B) 265 kilometers
kilometers
questions.
questions. C) 364 kilometers
C) 364 kilometers
D) 928 kilometers
kilometers

A rolling
rolling ball covers a
ball covers a distance
distance of 2400 feet in 4
feet in I1
minutes.
minutes . What
What is the ball 's average
the ball’s speed, in
average speed, _
inches
inches perer second?
second? (1212 inches
inche s == 1 foot
foot)
P ( ) oil leaks
Peanut oil
Peanut out of
leaks out an industrial
of an container at
industrial container at
the rate of 3 liters
the rate liters in 2 hours. the peanut
If the
hours. If peanut oil
oil
costs 8 dollars
costs dollars per
per liter, many dollars’
how many
liter, how dollars' worth
worth
will be lost
will be lost in 11 hours?
hours?
A)
A) $60
B)
B) $96
C) $118
$118
D)
D) $132

35
CHAPTER 4 RATES
CHAPTER RATES

A recipe for soap calls for 1~ cups of lye for Henry drives 150 miles
Henry drives miles at 30 miles
at 30 hour and
per hour
miles per and
then another 200 miles
then another miles at
at 50 miles per
50 miles per hour.
hour .
every~ cup of castor
every 2 cup many cups
H o w many
castor oil. How lye
cups of lye What
What was his average
was his speed, in miles
average speed, miles per
per hour,
hour,
are needed
are needed for aa batch soap that
batch of soap that uses cups of
uses 3 cups for the
the entire journey, to the
entire journey, nearest hundredth?
the nearest hundredth?
castor
castor oil? A) 38.89
4 B) 40.00
A) 15
A) 1
5 C) 42.33
B) 5 D) 43.58
9!4
C) 9g
C)
5
1
D) 11~
D) 113
4
"slow" clock falls behind
A ”slow” behind atat the
the same
same rate
rate
every
every hour. It set to the
It is set time at 4:00
correct time
the correct
A M . When
AM. the clock shows
When the shows 5:00 AM the the same
same
day, the correct
day, the time is 5:08 AM.
correct time AM . When the clock
When the
An 8 inch by 10 inch piece of cardboard costs shows
shows 10:30 AM
AM thatthat day,
day, what
what is the
the correct
correct
$2.00. If the cost of a piece of cardboard is time?
time?
proportional to its area, what is the cost of a A) 11:02 AM
AM
piece of cardboard that is 16 inches by 20 inches?
B) 11:18 AM
AM
A) $4.00 C) 11:22 AM
AM
B) $8.00 D) 12:18 PM
D)
C) $12.00
D) $16.00

Jared
Jared and
and Robert are accountants
Robert are accountants who are tasked
who are tasked
with reviewing
with financial reports.
reviewing financial takes Jared
reports. It takes Jared
9 pikol = 2 large bahar 15 hours, working
15 hours, working at a constant rate, to review
constant rate, review a
report containing
report pages of financial
containing 240 pages financial
400 kulack = 29 pikol
statements. If Robert
statements. If Robert works Jared’s
works at twice Jared 's rate,
rate,
The formulas
The represent the
above represent
formulas above relationships
the relationships how many minutes
how many would it take
minutes would Robert to
take Robert
between some
between some units weight that
unit s of weight were once
that were once review a
review report containing
a report containing 120 pages
pages of financial
financial
used in Indonesia
used weight of 1,000 kulack
Indonesia.. A weight kulack is statements?
statements?
equivalent
equivalent to how
how many large bahar?
many large (Round
bahar? (Round A) 225
your answer
your the nearest
answer to the whole number.)
nearest whole number.) B) 345
C) 450
D) 900

36
36
 THE COLLEGE PANDA
COLLEGE PANDA

A flask contains an acidic solution with a

concentration of 7.1 x 1015 hydrogen ions per
mi!Liliter. If 4.8 x 1023 hydrogen ions have a total
mass of 0.8 grams, which of the following is
closest to the concentration, in grams per liter, of
the acidic solution?
5
A) 1.2 ><10_5
A) X 10-

8
B) 1.2 x
><1o‘8
10-
-5
C) 1.5 ><10_5
x 10
8
D) 1.5 ><10_8
D) X 10-

Brett currently spends $160 each month on gas .

His current car is able to travel 30 miles per
gallon of gas. He decides to switch his current
car for a new car that is able to travel 40 miles
per gallon of gas. Assuming the price of gas
stays the same, how much will he spend on gas
each month with the new car?
A) $100
B)
8) $120
$120
C) $130
D)
D) $140

Margaret can buy 4 jars of honey for 9 dollars ,

and she can sell 3 jars of honey for 15 dollars.
How many jars of honey would she have to buy
and then sell to make a total profit of 132
dollars?

37
CHAPTER 30 ANSWERS TO THE EXERCISES

Chapter 4: Rates
CHAPTEREXERCISE:

1. [I!]For
For one week, Trm's
one week, Tim’s diet plan would
diet plan require aa protein
would require 60 =
intake of 7 x 60
protein intake = 420 grams.
grams. Since each
Since each
protein bar
protein provides 30
bar provides 30 grams he would
protein, he
grams of protein, need to buy
would need buy 420 + 30 = 14
7 30 14protein
protein bars
bars..

2. 0 Over 6 years, the screen size increased by a total of 18.5 - 15.5 = 3 inches. That's 3 7 6 = 0.5 inches
year.
each year.
each

3. [I] The pressure increases by 70 - 50 = 20 atm while the submarine descends - 900 - (- 700) = - 200
That’s 20 7+ 200 =
meters. That's
meters. atrn per
= 0.1 atm meter, or 1
per meter, a i m per
I atm meters.
per 10 meters.

4. WThe pool has a capacity of 5 x 300 = 1,500 gallons. At an increased rate of 500 gallons per hour, it
only take
would only
would 1,500 7+ 500 =
take 1, hours to
: 3 hours to fill the pool.
the pool.

5. []]

2051i"'"f''""
a,,nDkrt, dollars
p p l e Xs dd‐ollars d II
z?-20d dollars
20
a ~,
,,nDkrt,
""
= a
0 ars

6. [f]The racecar burned 22 - 18 = 4 gallons of fuel in 7 - 4 = 3 laps. To get to 6 gallons left, the racecar
have to consume
will have
will 18‐- 66 =
consume 18 z 12
12more gallons. That's
more gallons. That’s

12gallon§x
12
lapss
43
3 laps
_galk,nsx _galk,ns= more laps
‐ 9 9 more laps
4

which is Lap
which +9=
Lap 7 + = 16.

7. I100 IIt took 2.5 hours for 65 - 40 = 25 boxes to be unloaded. There are 3.5 hours from 3:30PM to 7:00PM.
25 boxes .
3 . 5 h o u r § x M .het:rrs =
hours, [Link]:rrs
In 3.5 hours, : 35
35 more will be
boxes will
more boxes unloaded. That’s
be unloaded. That's a
a total 65 +
total of 65 + 35
35 = 100
2.5mm
25
boxes.
boxes.
8. I120 IAverage
Average speed total distance
just total
speed is just distance over total time.
over total The total
time. The total distance,
distance, in inches, 12 =
was 2400 x 12
inches, was :
The total
28,800.. The
28,800 total time,
time, in seconds, w a s 4 x 60 =
seconds, was 28,800 7+ 240 z= 120 inches
: 240. 28,800 inches per second.
per second.

432 I
9. 1432
. 90 words
90 words
l m e u t é § xx fi
[Link]:m:rtes .
2 .5 .mi:m:rtes
=
‐ 432
432 words
words

l ~m,SJOn
:_w- --~ m 100 ~
xX ‐OO‐‐‐1’rl 1 jar
180
l :_ s- --~ m xX _2O10_ _m) amr ==60jars
15 ..!c!
.l-l...l-'H'tTJll:,SJOn
2
;n60 jars
nr~
~ ......s

11. [[]
6 [Link]:rtes
m m ? 32 32 kilometers
kilometers .,
22m
60
.het:rrs xX f [Link] m ‐ s
xX _ .mi:fttrtes ~
14 5
~ 265 kilometers
265 kilometers

1n7 3 liters 8 dollars

12..@
~ 1111 hours
hours x 3hliters x
2 hours
ours
xm I'
1 liter
1ter
=
: 132 dollars
dollars

280
 THE COLLEGE PANDA
COLLEGE PANDA

3
lye
@3cu
13. [Qj 3~
s r o i l xX 2 2 ‐ 2 ‐=
-é cups
cups of lye
11.25 cups
= 11.25 cups of lye
of lye
gw
2
5~
14. [I]An
An 88 inch
inch by 10 inch
by 10 of cardboard
piece of
inch piece cardboard has
has an area of
an area of 8 10 =
8 x 10 z 80
80 square A 16
inches.. A
square inches 16inch by 20
inch by 20 inch
inch
cardboard has
piece of cardboard
piece an area
has an area of 16 20 =
16 x 20 = 320 square
square inches.
inches.

£ ~
320 o. nx 2 dollars
‐2d‐°"[Link]‐‐
~= =8dollars
8
80 0 W 8 dollars

l1ci 29 ¢k6f
29 ' 2 large bahar
-1,000kulacl€x
15. ~
15. 1,[Link]< x fl
400144th
400
xx M _Fiko[ ~
.kalaci< 9M z16largebahar
16 large bahar
9

16. 0 The first 150 miles

The first miles took + 30 == 55 hours
took 150 -;-30 hours.. The next 200 miles
The next miles took 200 + 50
took 200-;- : 44 hours
50 = His average
hours.. His average
speed, total
speed, total distance over total
distance over was (150 +
time, was
total time, + 200) / (5 +
+ 4) m miles per
~ 38.89 miles per hour.
hour .

17. CgThe behind by 8 minutes

clock falls behind
The clock every hour.
minutes every hour. There are 6.5 hours
There are between 4:00 AM and
hours between 10:30 AM
and 10:30 A M,
the clock
so the
so behind by 8 x 6.5 =
clock falls behind : 52
52 minutes. The correct
minutes. The correct time then 52
time is then 52 minutes past 10:30
minutes past 10:30 A M,
AM,
which is 11:22 AM
which AM..
2240
18. 0 Jared's rate is E~ =
Jared’s rate
1
= 16 pages per
16 pages per hour Robert’s rate
hour.. Robert's rate must
must then 16 x 2 =
be 16
then be = 32 pages per
32 pages per hour.
hour . It

would take
would Robert %
take Robert hours to review
~; = 3.75 hours the 120-page
review the 120-page report. 60 =
That's 3.75 x 60
report. That’s = 225 minutes
minutes..

19.. ~
19 A
'A77.1
7.1 x 1015 h
1015 ~ ’ ns 0.8 grams
0.8 grams 1000m‘lf ~
[Link]"
‑ 1L z 1.2x
_ grams
0 5 - L-
2 10-51‘3‐ra‐’ms
1
lmJHL
lf 4.8 X 1023 ~ X
x4.8><1023hy,dmgerr‘iofi§x
X 1L ~ 1. X l L

20. [I] What

What makes
makes this question aa little
this question tricky is
little tricky is that we don't
that we know the
don't know Brett travels
distance Brett
the distance travels each
each month
month
the number
or the gallons he
number of gallons he uses
uses each month.. But
each month But we need
need to start
start somewhere,
somewhere, so let’s say
so let's he needs
say he needs 2
gallons of gas
gallons gas each
each month (you can
month (you make up
can make up any
any number
number you want).. That
you want) means he
That means he travels 30 x 2 = 60
travels 30 60
miles each
miles and each
month and
each month gallon costs
each gallon + 2 =
costs 160 -;-2 = 80 dollars
dollars (ridiculous,
(ridiculous, I1 know) N o w if he
know).. Now switches
he switches
the new
to the n e w car, he'll only need
he’ll only + 40 =
need 60 -;-40 gallons of gas
= 1.5 gallons gas each
each month
month (distance divided
miles divided
(distance of 60 miles
by the 40 miles
the 40 per gallon).
miles per gallon). Because price of gas
the price
Because the stays the
gas stays same, that
the same, amount of gas
that amount gas w i l l cost
will him
cost him
80 =
1.5 x 80 z 120 dollars
dollars each
each month. answer ends
The answer
month. The up being
ends up being 120 nono matter number we
what number
matter what we make up
make up
for the
the number gallons of gas
number of gallons gas Brett
Brett uses each month.
uses each month.
. 160
an alternative
Here’s an
Here's solution.. If we
alternative solution we let
let x be the price
be the per gallon
pnce per gallon of gas, Brett currently
then Brett
gas, then uses -7
currently uses
X

gallons of gas
gallons gas each
each month Using that
month.. Using amount of gas
that amount gas means that he
means that 160 ((30)
drives -152‐0
he drives 30 ) = 4’
4,800 m iles each
--800 miles eac h
X X
44, 800 12
120
month. With
month. n e w car, he
the new
With the he will need ' BOO-;-
w i l l need ‐Z‐ 40 gallons of gas
40 = 70 gallons gas each
each month drive that
month to drive that distance.
distance.
x
X X
120
Since each
Since gallon of gas
each gallon gas costs atdollars,
costs x he will
dollars, he spend -% x x =
need to spend
will need : 120 dollars on gas
dollars on gas each
each month.
month .
X

21. I48 j Each

Each jar of honey +4=
costs 9 -;-4
honey costs = 2.25 dollars
dollars.. She sell each
can sell
She can 15+
each jar for 15 -;-33 = 5 dollars.
dollars. That's
That’s aa profit
profit
of 5 -‐ 2.25 = per jar. To make
dollars per
: 2.75 dollars profit of 132 dollars,
make aa profit dollars, she would have
she would have to sell + 2.75 =
sell 132 -;-2.75 = 48
48
jars.
jars .

281
281