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Partial Differential Equations Problem Set

This document is a problem set for a Differential Equations course focusing on Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). It includes classification of various PDEs, methods for forming PDEs from given equations, solving initial value problems, and classifying the nature of specific PDEs. The problems are designed to enhance understanding of PDE concepts and their applications.

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12 views2 pages

Partial Differential Equations Problem Set

This document is a problem set for a Differential Equations course focusing on Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). It includes classification of various PDEs, methods for forming PDEs from given equations, solving initial value problems, and classifying the nature of specific PDEs. The problems are designed to enhance understanding of PDE concepts and their applications.

Uploaded by

nandkumar82716
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Department of Mathematical Sciences

Rajiv Gandhi Institute Of Petroleum Technology, Jais


Differential Equations (MA 121)

Week 2/June 2023 Problem Set 5

Partial Differential Equations


Classification/formation of PDE and Method of Characteristics

■ Tutorial Problems

1. Classify the following partial differential equations (linear, semi-linear, quasi-linear,


non-linear) and find its order and degree:
  21
∂2u ∂u
(i) = 1+
∂x2
. ∂y

(ii) u ∂u + ∂u

∂x ∂y
= x.
∂u ∂u
(iii) ∂x
+ ∂y
= u + xy.
(iv) xy ∂u
∂x
+ x2 ∂u
∂y
= x2 y 2 u 2 .
(v) (x2 − yu) ∂u
∂x
+ (y 2 − ux) ∂u
∂y
= u2 − xy.
2  ∂u 2
(vi) ∂u
∂x
+ ∂y = 1.
∂u
 ∂u 

(vii) ∂x ∂y = u.

2. (i) Find the partial differential equation satisfied by system of spheres whose centre
is lying on xy-plane and radius is unity.
(ii) Find the partial differential equation of family of planes, the sum of whose
x, y, z intercepts is unity.

3. Form partial differential equation(s) by eliminating the arbitrary constants a, b and


c from the following:

(i) u = ax + y.
(ii) 2u = (ax + y)2 + b.
(iii) ln(au − 1) = x + ay + b.
(iv) u = ax + by + cxy.

4. Form a partial differential equation by eliminating the function ϕ from the following:

(i) u = ϕ(x2 − y 2 ).
(ii) lx + my + nu = ϕ(x2 + y 2 + u2 ).
(iii) ϕ(x + y + u, x2 + y 2 − u2 ) = 0.
(iv) x + y + u = ϕ(x2 + y 2 + u2 ).
2

5. Solve the given initial value problem and determine the values of x and y for which
it exists:

(i) ux − 2uy = u; u(0, y) = y.


(ii) y −1 ux + uy = u2 ; u(x, 1) = x2 .
(iii) xux − 2yuy = u2 ; u(x, x) = x3 .
(iv) (x − y)ux + uy = x; u(x, 0) = f (x).

6. Find the solution surface for the linear PDE

ux + 2uy = 0

subject to the Cauchy condition that u = sinx on y = 3x + 1.

7. Find the solution of the Cauchy problem governed by the semilinear PDE

xux + yuy = xe−u

subject to the Cauchy data u = 0 on y = x2 .

8. Classify the nature of the following partial differential equations (hyperbolic, parabolic,
elliptic) in xy- plane:

(i) auxx + buxy + auyy = 0; for a, b ∈ R.


(ii) ut = αuxx , α ̸= 0. (One-dimensional heat equation)
(iii) utt − c2 uxx = 0, c ̸= 0. (One-dimensional wave equation)
(iv) uxx + uyy = 0. (Two-dimesional Laplace equation)
(v) uyy − yuxx + x3 u = 0; y ̸= 0.
(vi) x2 uxx + y(y − 1)2 uyy − (y 2 − 1)xuxy + xux + yuy = 0.
2 2
(vii) sin2 (x)uxx + ex ey uxy + cos2 (x)uyy + e2x ux + ey uy = 0.
(viii) uxx + 2uxy + (1 − sgn(y))uyy = 0; y ̸= 0
where sgn(y) is signum function of real number y.

9. [Optional Problem.] Classify the nature of the following partial differential equations
as hyperbolic, parabolic, or elliptic:

(i) ut − α(uxx + uyy ) = 0, α ̸= 0. (Two-dimensional heat equation)


(ii) utt − c2 (uxx + uyy ) = 0, c ̸= 0. (Two-dimensional wave equation)
(iii) uxx + uyy + uzz = 0. (Three-dimesional Laplace equation)

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