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Semiconductor Electronics Q&A Guide

The document provides important questions and answers related to semiconductor electronics, covering topics such as the definition of semiconductors, their differences from conductors and insulators, and the process of doping. It explains key concepts like p-type and n-type semiconductors, PN junctions, and the behavior of semiconductors under various conditions. Additionally, it discusses the structure and function of transistors and the factors affecting semiconductor conductivity.

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69 views2 pages

Semiconductor Electronics Q&A Guide

The document provides important questions and answers related to semiconductor electronics, covering topics such as the definition of semiconductors, their differences from conductors and insulators, and the process of doping. It explains key concepts like p-type and n-type semiconductors, PN junctions, and the behavior of semiconductors under various conditions. Additionally, it discusses the structure and function of transistors and the factors affecting semiconductor conductivity.

Uploaded by

adityasharma875634
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Semiconductor Electronics - Important Viva Questions & Answers

1. What is a semiconductor? Give examples.


Ans: A semiconductor is a material with conductivity between a conductor and an insulator.
Examples: Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge).

2. How do semiconductors differ from conductors and insulators?


Ans: Conductors (e.g., Copper) have high conductivity, insulators (e.g., Rubber) have low
conductivity, and semiconductors have moderate conductivity.

3. What is doping, and why is it done?


Ans: Doping is adding impurities to a semiconductor to increase its conductivity.

4. What are p-type and n-type semiconductors?


Ans: p-type: Doped with trivalent elements, majority carriers = holes.
n-type: Doped with pentavalent elements, majority carriers = electrons.

5. What is a PN junction?
Ans: A PN junction is formed when a p-type and n-type semiconductor join, creating a depletion
region.

6. What is the depletion region?


Ans: A region near the junction where charge carriers recombine, preventing further charge flow.

7. What happens when a PN junction is forward biased?


Ans: The depletion region narrows, allowing current to flow.

8. What happens when a PN junction is reverse biased?


Ans: The depletion region widens, restricting current flow.

9. What is breakdown voltage?


Ans: The voltage at which a diode suddenly conducts a large current in reverse bias.

10. What is a transistor?


Ans: A semiconductor device used for amplification and switching.
11. What are the three regions of a transistor?
Ans: Emitter (supplies charge carriers), Base (controls current), Collector (collects carriers).

12. Why do semiconductors behave as insulators at 0K?


Ans: At 0K, no free electrons are available, so the semiconductor acts as an insulator.

13. Why does resistance decrease in semiconductors when temperature increases?


Ans: More electrons get excited to the conduction band, increasing conductivity.

14. Why is silicon preferred over germanium?


Ans: Silicon has a higher band gap (1.1 eV), making it more stable at high temperatures.

15. How can you increase the conductivity of a semiconductor?


Ans: By doping or increasing temperature.

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