Page 1 Sample Paper 01 CBSE Science Class 10

Sample Paper 01
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘x’, ‘y’, and ‘z’ in the following balanced reaction:

x Al (s) + y O 2 (g) " z Al 2 O 3 (s)
(a) 4, 3, 2 (b) 2, 1, 1
(c) 4, 2, 2 (d) 2, 3, 2

2. 4 moles of aluminum react with 3 moles of oxygen to form 2 moles of aluminum oxide. Consider the
following table :

Substance pH

Lemon 2.3

Battery acid x

Sea water 8.5

Apple 3.1

The value of x in above table is:

(a) 0 (b) 1.3
(c) 2.5 (d) 1.9

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3. Magnesium ribbon is rubbed with sand paper before making it to burn. The reason of rubbing the ribbon
is to:

(a) remove moisture condensed over the surface of ribbon.

(b) generate heat due to exothermic reaction.
(c) remove magnesium oxide formed over the surface of magnesium.
(d) mix silicon from sand paper (silicon dioxide) with magnesium for lowering ignition temperature of the
ribbon.

4. A student traces the path of a ray of light through a glass prism for different angles of incidence. He
analysis each diagram and draws the following conclusion:
I. On entering prism, the light ray bends towards its base.
II. Light ray suffers refraction at the point of incidence and point of emergence while passing through
the prism.
III. Emergent ray bends at certain angle to the direction of the incident ray.
IV. While emerging from the prism, the light ray bends towards the vertex of the prism.
Out of the above inferences, the correct ones are:
(a) I, II and III (b) I, III and IV
(c) II, III and IV (d) I and IV

5. Which of the following structures is involved in gaseous exchange in woody stem of a plant as shown in
the figure?

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(a) Stomata (b) Guard cell

(c) Lenticel (d) Epidermis

6. A feature of reproduction that is common to Amoeba, Spirogyra and yeast is that

(a) They reproduce asexually (b) They are all unicellular
(c) They reproduce only sexually (d) They are all multicellular

7. Ethane (C 2 H 6) on complete combustion gave CO 2 and water. It shows that the results are in accordance
with the law of conservation of mass. Then, the coefficient of oxygen is equal to
(a) 7/2 (b) 3/2
(c) 5/2 (d) 9/2

8. When white light passes through the achromatic combination of prisms, then what is observed ?
(a) Deviation (b) Dispersion
(c) Both deviation and dispersion (d) Atmospheric refraction

9. Exposure of silver chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey due to

Which among the following statement(s) is(are) true?

(i) the formation of silver by decomposition of silver chloride.
(ii) sublimation of silver chloride.
(iii) decomposition of chlorine gas from silver chloride.
(iv) oxidation of silver chloride.
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3 (d) Only 4

10. Magnesium reacts with hot water and steam both. Human body stores energy in form of:
(a) Glucose (b) Insulin
(c) glycogen (d) Fructose

11. No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be-
(a) Plane (b) Concave
(c) Convex (d) Either plane or convex

12. What must be preserved in an ecosystem, if the system needs to be maintained?

(a) Producers and carnivores (b) Producers and decomposers
(c) Carnivores and decomposers (d) Herbivores and carnivores

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13. Posture and balance of the body is controlled by

(a) cerebrum (b) cerebellum
(c) medulla (d) pons

14. A student determines the focal length of a device X , by focusing the image of a far off object on the screen
positioned as shown in figure The device X is a

(a) Convex lens (b) Concave lens

(c) Convex mirror (d) Concave mirror

15. Which among the following statements is incorrect for magnesium metal?

(a) It burns in oxygen with a dazzling white flame.

(b) It reacts with cold water to form magnesium oxide and evolves hydrogen gas.
(c) It reacts with hot water to form magnesium hydroxide and evolves hydrogen gas.
(d) It reacts with steam to form magnesium hydroxide and evolves hydrogen gas.

16. Mineral acids are stronger acids than carboxylic acids because
(i) mineral acids are completely ionized.
(ii) carboxylic acids are completely ionized
(iii) mineral acids are partially ionized
(iv) carboxylic acids are partially ionized
(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (ii) (d) (iii) and (iv)

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Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion : Photosynthesis is considered as an endothermic reaction.

Reason : Energy gets released in the process of photosynthesis.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are True and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not the Correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are False.

18. Assertion : Our body maintains blood sugar level.

Reason : Pancreas secretes insulin which helps to regulate blood sugar levels in the body.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion : Artificial kidney is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood through
dialysis.
Reason : Reabsorption does not occur in artificial kidney.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but Reason is true.

20. Assertion : The product of resistivity and conductivity of a conductor depends on the material of the
conductor.
Reason : Because each of resistivity and conductivity depends on the material of the conductor.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. If you keep the potted plant horizontally for 2-3 days, what type of movements would be shown by the
shoot and root after two or three days. Why ?

22. What are the rules of inheritance ?

23. A. What prevents the metals such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc and lead from oxidation at ordinary
temperature ?


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B. Explain why sodium hydroxide solution cannot be kept in aluminium containers ? Write equation
for the reaction that may take for the same.

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24. What is meant by pollination? Name and differentiate between the two modes of pollination in flowering
plants.

25. A. State two positions in which a concave mirror produces a magnified image of a given object. List
two differences between the two images.


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B. What is the difference between virtual images produced by concave, plane and convex mirror ?

26. In the cartoon below, a rabbit is shown eating grass and later a fox is seen hunting the rabbit. In the next
frame, after the fox dies, mushrooms and earthworms are feeding on its body.

What role do the rabbit and fox play in the food chain?

SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. Aman creates a compact device that uses an organic compound (C3H8O) reacting with sodium metal to
produce hydrogen gas. This hydrogen powers a fuel cell, providing a clean and immediate energy source.
Deduce the possible structure of the compound. Write the balanced chemical equation of the reaction.

28. A. Our government launches campaigns to provide information about AIDS prevention, testing and
treatment by putting posters, conducting radio shows and using other agencies of advertisements.
To which category of diseases AIDS belongs ? Name and explain. What is its causative organism ?

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Also give two more examples of such diseases.

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B. Distinguish between pollination and fertilisation. Mention the site and the product of fertilisation
in a flower.

29. Explain the following chemical changes, giving one example in each case :
(i) Displacement or substitution,
(ii) Dissociation,
(iii) Isomerisation reaction.

30. Why does a ray of light passing through the centre of curvature of a concave mirror after reflection, is
reflected back along the same path ?

31. (i) A compound lens is made of two lenses in contact having powers + 12.5 D and - 2.5 D . Find the
focal length and power of the combination.
(ii) The magnification produced by a mirror is + 1 . What does this mean ?

32. In the given circuit, find :

(i) Total resistance of the network of resistors

(ii) Current through ammeter A

33. (i) How many eggs are produced every month by either of the ovaries in a human female ? Where does
fertilization take place in the female reproductive system ?
(ii) What happens in case the eggs released by the ovary are not fertilized?

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. Discuss the physical properties of non-metals.

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Discuss the exceptions in the properties of metals and non-metals.

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35. Suggest three contraceptive methods to control the size of human population. Mention two factors that
determine the size of population.


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How do the following organisms reproduce by asexual methods ?
(i) Euglena
(ii) Spirogyra
(iii) Ginger
(iv) Chrysanthemum
(v) Strawberry
(vi) Mango

36. A household uses the following electric appliances :

(i) refrigerator of rating 400 W for 10 hours each day.
(ii) two electric fans of rating 80 W each for 6 hours daily.
(iii) six electric tubes of rating 18 W each for 6 hours daily.
Calculate the electricity bill for the household for month of June, if cost of electrical energy is < 3.00 per
unit.


o
The values of current I flowing in a given resistor for the corresponding values of potential difference V
across the resistor are given below:

I (ampere) 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

V (volt) 1.6 3.4 6.7 10.2 13.2
Plot a graph between V and I and calculate the resistance of the resistor.

SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. After coming from playground, Tanu feels very hungry. But still some more time was required by her
mother to cook food. While waiting on dining table Tanu was playing with her spoon. All of sudden she
observed two different orientations of her face when she looked her face from both sides of spoon.
She was confused why the orientation of her face changed in two cases. She was curious to know why her
reflected image appears upside down in the one surface of a spoon but the correct way up in the opposite
surface.

(i) Which type of image is formed on the both surface of spoon?

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(ii) As tanu move concave surface of spoon towards her face, again she find that there comes a point
(provided the spoon is big enough) where her image flips from inverted to upright. State the
condition under which it happens ? Is this image real or virtual?
(iii) The given ray diagram depict the correct explanation of the image formed by one surface of the
spoon. Name the surface which can form the image as depicted in given ray diagram?

o
(iv) Tanu was trying to form image using a concave mirror. She got an inverted and real image of same
size of the object. Given figure shows four possible positions of the image formed. Figure out the
correct position and justify it.

38. Acids, bases and salts are three main categories of chemical compounds. These have certain definite
properties which distinguish one class from the other.
The acids are sour in taste while bases are bitter in taste. Tasting a substance is not a good way of
finding out if it is an acid or a base! Acids and bases can be better distinguished with the help of
indicators. Indicators are substances that undergo a change of colour with a change of acidic, neutral or
basic medium. Many of these indicators are derived from natural substances such as extracts from flower
petals and barrier. Litmus, a purple dye is extracted from the lichen plant. Some indicators are prepared
artificially. For example, methyl orange and phenolphthalein. Given below is a table of indicators and their
colour change in acidic and basic medium.

Indicator Colour in Acid Colour in Alkali

Litmus Red Blue

Methyl Pinkish red Yellow

Phenolphthalein Colourless Pink

(i) Give two examples each of natural and artificial indicators.

(ii) An aqueous solution turns red litmus solution blue. Excess addition of which solution would reverse
the change-ammonium hydroxide solution or hydrochloric acid?
(iii) What will be the change in colour when a few drops of phenolphthalein is added to a solution having

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pH 8.5.


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(iv) What is universal indicator?

39. Questions are based on the two table given below. Study these tables related to blood pressure level and
answer the question that follow :
Table-A

BLOOD PRESSURE CATEGORY SYSTOLIC mm Hg DIASTOLIC mm Hg

(Upper number) (Lower number)

Normal 120 80
Elevated 120–129 Less than 80
High Blood Pressure 130–139 80–90
(Hypertension) Stage 1

High Blood Pressure 140 or higher 90 or higher

(Hypertension) Stage 2

Hypertensive crisis (consult your Higher than 180 Higher than 120
doctor immediately)

Table-B

Time of Measurement Blood Pressure

Patient–X Patient–Y
Morning 75–115 85–125
Afternoon 79–122 80–120
Evening 82–132 75–110
(i) In the table B, at which time patent–Y have ideal normal blood pressure ?
(ii) Identify the patient, which have hypertension stage-1 blood pressure ?
(iii) Which Diet is the best for high blood pressure patient ?


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(iv) What is the ideal blood pressure measurement of a human ?

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Page 1 Sample Paper 02 CBSE Science Class 10

Sample Paper 02
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘x’, ‘y’, and ‘z’ in the following balanced reaction:

Heat
xCaCO 3 (s) yCaO (s) + zCO2 (g)
(a) 1,1,2 (b) 2,2,1
(c) 1,1,1 (d) 2,1,2

2. Quick lime combines vigorously with water to form (A) which reacts slowly with the carbon dioxide in air
to form (B).Identify the compounds (A) and (B).

(A) (B)
a. Calcium carbonate Calcium hydroxide
b. Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate
c. Calcium Calcium bicarbonate
d. Calcium bicarbonate Calcium

3. Rusting of iron can be prevented by:

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(i) Painting (ii) Galvanisation

(iii) Electrolytic refining (iv) Alloying
Which of the above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

4. Identify the unsaturated compounds from the following :

(i) Propane (ii) Propene
(iii) Propyne (iv) Chloropropane
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)

5. Which of the following is a feasible reaction?

(a) Ba (s) + K 2 SO 4 (aq) $ BaSO 4 (aq) + 2K (s)
(b) Zn (s) + 2AgNO 3 (aq) $ Zn (NO 3) 2 (aq) + 2Ag (s)
(c) Mg (s) + Na 2 SO 4 (aq) $ MgSO 4 (aq) + 2Na (s)
(d) Cu (s) + MgSO 4 (aq) $ CuSO 4 (aq) + Mg (s)

6. Which of the following is an example of displacement reaction?

(a) NaOH + HNO 3 " NaNO 3 + H 2 O (b) Cu + 2AgNO 3 " Cu (NO 3) 2 + 2Ag
(c) 2Hg + O 2 " 2HgO (d) FeCl 3 + 2NaOH " 3NaCl + Fe (OH) 3

7. In the given figure the various trophic levels are shown in a pyramid. At which trophic level is maximum
energy available ?

(a) T4 (b) T2
(c) T1 (d) T3

8. Process of conversion of light energy to chemical energy and splitting of water molecules into hydrogen
and oxygen in plants is known as
(a) Photosynthesis (b) Photoperiodism
(c) Plant nutrition (d) Plant hormone functions

9. A prism ABC (with BC as base) is placed in different orientations. A narrow beam of white light is
incident on the prism as shown in figure. In which of the following cases, after dispersion, the third colour
from the top corresponds to the colour of the sky?

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(a) (i) (b) (ii)

(c) (iii) (d) (iv)

10. A round, green seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant, (rr YY) the
seeds produced in F1 generation are
(a) round and yellow (b) round and green
(c) wrinkled and green (d) wrinkled and yellow

11. Electrical impulse travels in a neuron from

(a) Dendrite " axon " axonal end " cell body (b) Cell body " dendrite " axon " axonal end
(c) Dendrite " cell body " axon " axonal end (d) Axonal end " axon " cell body " dendrite

12. Some of the substances used in making of a modern safety match box are listed below :

(i) Antimony trisulfide (ii) Glass powder

(iii) Potassium chlorate (iv) Red phosphorus
The head of modern safety match stick contains :
(a) 1 and 4 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 3 and 1

13. Which among the following is not the function of testes at puberty?
(i) Formation of germ cells (ii) Secretion of testosterone
(iii) Development of placenta (iv) Secretion of estrogen
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)

14. In an electrical circuit two resistors of 2 Ω and 4 Ω respectively are connected in series to a 6 V battery
as shown in the figure. The heat dissipated by the 4 Ω resistor in 5 s will be

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(a) 5 J (b) 10 J
(c) 20 J (d) 30 J

15. When a 4 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there is a current of 100 mA in the circuit.
The value of the resistance of the resister is

(a) 4 Ω (b) 40 Ω
(c) 400 Ω (d) 0.4 Ω

16. Which one of the following statements is correct?

(a) The rainbow is produced by the reflection of white sun light by water drops in the atmosphere.
(b) The blue colour of the sky is due to scattering of light.
(c) The stars appear higher in the sky than actually are,due to scattering of light.
(d) The planets twinkle at night due to atmospheric refraction of light.

Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion : Chemical equations can be made more informative.

Reason : We can write physical state of reactants and products, temperature and pressure, name of
catalyst used etc.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not the Correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are False.

18. Assertion : Traits like eye colour or height are inherited traits.
Reason : Inherited traits are not transferred from parents to young ones.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

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19. Assertion : Aerobic animals are not truly aerobic.

Reason : Anaerobically they produce lactic acid.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

20. Assertion : Electric appliances with metallic body have three connections, whereas an electric bulb has
two pin connections.
Reason : Three pin connections reduce heating of connecting wires.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. A certain tissue in a green plant somehow got blocked and the leaves wilted. What was the tissue that
got blocked ?

22. Write one function each of the salivary glands, liver and pancreas.

23. A. Name two metals that start floating after sometime when immersed in water and why ?


o
B. Explain how mercury is extracted from its sulphide ore (Cinnabar). Give equations of the reactions
involved.

24. Why and how does water enter continuously into the root xylem ?

25. A The current flowing through a resistor connected in a circuit and the potential difference developed
across its ends are as shown in the diagram by milliammeter and voltmeter readings respectively :

(i) What are the least counts of these meters?

(ii) What is the resistance of the resistor?


o
B A V -I graph for a nichrome wire is given below. What do you infer from this graph? Draw a
labelled circuit diagram to obtain such a graph.

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26. The cartoon below addresses a growing concern :

What effect might the use of pesticides have on humans if they are at the top of the food chain? Explain
briefly.

SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. (i) An element X on reacting with oxygen forms an oxide X2 O as shown in figure. The oxide dissolves
in water and turns blue litmus red. Predict the nature of the element whether metal or non-metal.

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(ii) A farmer stored copper sulphate solution in an iron container for agricultural use. After a few days,
holes appeared in the container. Explain the chemical reaction that caused this and recommend a better
material for storing the solution. ?

28. A. Define the two main methods of reproduction in living organisms.

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B. List six specific characteristics of sexual reproduction.

29. A chemical factory combines hydrogen and oxygen to manufacture water. The balanced chemical equation
assist in optimizing the reaction and minimizing waste of reactants. What does a balanced chemical
equation convey ?

30. Ram placed an object in front of a convex lens of focal length 15 cm. The image formed is three times the
size of the object. Calculate the two possible distances of the object from the lens.

31. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 30 cm from a mirror is formed on a screen placed in
front of the mirror at a distance of 60 cm from its pole.
(i) What is the nature of the mirror ?
(ii) Find its focal length, if the height of the flame is 2.4 cm, find the h eight of its image.
(iii) State whether the image formed is erect or inverted.

32. A student named Riya is conducting an experiment using a coil wound around a long, hollow cardboard
tube connected to a battery to demonstrate the concept of electromagnetism. Copy the diagram

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(i) Show the polarity acquired by each face of the solenoid.

(ii) Draw the magnetic field lines of force inside the coil and also show their direction.
(iii) Mention two methods to increase the strength of the magnetic field inside the coil.

33. (i) What is full form of (i) UNEP (ii) CFCs.

(ii) On what basis are organisms grouped as producers, consumers and decomposer ?
(iii) Write two problems that would arise if there were no decomposer in are ecosystem.

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. (i) Draw electron dot structure of methane molecule.

(ii) Identify the functional groups present in the following compounds :
(a) C 2 H 6 O
(b) C 2 H 4 O
(iii) A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding. Why do you think a mixture of ethyne and
air is not used for welding ?


o
(i) Explain why carbon forms covalent bond? Give two reasons for carbon forming a large number of
compounds.
(ii) Explain the formation of ammonia molecule.

35. What is vegetative propagation? Briefly describe various methods of vegetative propagation.


o
(i) Draw diagram of human alimentary canal and label the following :
(a) Part in which starch digestion starts.
(b) Part in which bile is stored.
(c) Part in which nutrients are absorbed.
(d) Part in which water is absorbed.
(ii) Mention the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
(iii) What function is served by the following :
(a) Gastric sphincter
(b) Anal sphincter

36. (i) What is an electromagnet ? List any two uses.

(ii) Draw a labelled diagram to show how an electromagnet is made.
(iii) State the purpose of soft iron core used in making an electromagnet.
(iv) List two ways of increasing the strength of an electromagnet if the material of the electromagnet is
fixed.


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State the factors on which the resistance of a cylindrical conductor depends. How will resistance of a
conductor change if it is stretched so that its length is doubled ?

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SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data -based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. When a metal is attacked by substances around it such as moisture, acids, etc., it is said to corrode, and
this process is called corrosion. The black coating on silver, green coating on copper and reddish-brown
powder on iron surface are some examples of corrosion.

(i) What is the name given to the corrosion of iron?

(ii) What is the formula of green colour coating on copper?
(iii) Name two methods to prevent corrosion of iron.


o
(iv) Is corrosion a redox reaction?

38. The human brain, part of the central nervous system, controls body activities by processing sensory
information and issuing instructions. It consists of the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum, with the
cerebrum being the largest and divided into two hemispheres. The brain is protected by the skull,
cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood-brain barrier. However, it is susceptible to damage from trauma,
strokes, degenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. Tumors can also affect the brain. Neuroanatomy
studies its structure, while neuroscience focuses on its functions.

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(i) Which is the central part of the nervous system?

(ii) What is the largest part of the human brain?
(iii) What are the functions of the brain?


o
(iv) What is the branch which studies the anatomy of brain?

39. The human eye is like a camera. Its lens system forms an image on a light-sensitive screen called the
retina. Light enters the eye through a thin membrane called the cornea. It forms the transparent bulge
on the front surface of the eyeball as shown in the figure. The crystalline lens merely provides the finer
adjustment of focal length required to focus objects at different distances on the retina. We find a
structure called iris behind the cornea. Iris is a dark muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the
pupil. The pupil regulates and controls the amount of light entering the eye.

The Human Eye

There are mainly three common refractive defects of vision. These are
(i) myopia or near-sightedness, (ii) hypermetropia or far-sightedness, and (iii) Presbyopia. These defects
can be corrected by the use of suitable spherical lenses.
(i) What is the function of pupil in the human eye ?
(ii) What is the far point and near point of human eye with normal vision ?
(iii) A student has difficulty reading the blackboard while sitting in the last row. What could be the
defect the child is suffering from ?


o
(iv) What is the function of iris in human eye ?

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Sample Paper 03
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘x’, ‘y’, and ‘z’ in the following balanced reaction:

x H 2 (g) + y O 2 (g) " z H 2 O (l)
(a) 2, 1, 2 (b) 1, 2, 1
(c) 3, 2, 3 (d) 2, 2, 1

2.

Which of the following two combinations are correct?

Metal Gas Evolved

(i) Copper Yes
(ii) Iron Yes
(iii) Magnesium No
(iv) Zinc Yes

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(a) i and iii (b) i and iv

(c) ii and iii (d) ii and iv

3. Observe the diagram of an activity given below. What does it help to conclude, when the person exhales
into the test-tube?

(a) Fermentation occurs in the presence of oxygen.

(b) Percentage of carbon dioxide is more in inhaled air.
(c) Fermentation occurs in the presence of carbon dioxide.
(d) Percentage of carbon dioxide is more in the exhaled air.

4. The current flowing through a wire of resistance 2Ω varies with time as shown in figure below. The
amount of heat produced (in J) in 3 s would be:

(a) 18 J (b) 2 J
(c) 10 J (d) 28 J

5. The magnetic field lines of solenoid are similar to the magnetic field lines of bar magnet. Which image
correctly shows the solenoid as a bar magnet?

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6. The direction of magnetic field around a straight conductor carrying current can be determined by:
(a) Fleming’s right hand rule (b) Right hand thumb rule
(c) Lenz’s law (d) Fleming’s left hand rule

7. Ankit observed that the stain of curry on a white shirt becomes reddish-brown when soap is scrubbed on
it,.but it turns yellow again when the shirt is washed with plenty of water. What might be the reason for
his observation?
(i) Soap is acidic in nature.
(ii) Soap is basic in nature.
(iii) Turmeric is a natural indicator which gives reddish tinge in bases.
(iv) Turmeric is a natural indicator which gives reddish tinge in acids.
(a) (ii) and (iii) (b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iv)

8. Which of the following hydrocarbons represent the isomer of Butene?

9. Which option correctly lists the changes that occur in females during puberty?
(a) reproductive organs enlarge, size of the breasts increases, thick hairs grow on the body
(b) thick hairs grow on face, cracking of voice, enlargement of reproductive organ
(c) size of the breasts increases, beginning of menstruation, thick hairs grow on the body
(d) thin hairs growth occurs on the body, size of the breasts increases, pitch of the voice increases

10. Equal volumes of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions of same concentration are mixed and
the pH of the resulting solution is checked with a pH paper. What would be the colour obtained?
(a) Red (b) Blue
(c) Orange (d) Yellowish green

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11. What is the correct direction of flow of electrical impulses?

12. Two bulbs have the following ratings :

(i) 40 W, 220 V.
(ii) 20 W, 100 V.
The ratio of their resistance is :
(a) 2 : 1 (b) 1 : 2
(c) 1 : 3 (d) 1 : 1

13. Which of the following statements are correct in reference to the role of A (shown in the given diagram)
during a breathing cycle in human beings?

(i) It helps to decrease the residual volume of air in lungs.

(ii) It flattens as we inhale.
(iii) It gets raised as we inhale.
(iv) It helps the chest cavity to become larger.
(a) (iii) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (ii)


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14. Following observations are observed when calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water.

Identify the incorrect observations.

(i) It is an endothermic reaction.
(ii) Slaked lime is produced.
(iii) Quick lime is produced.
(iv) It is an exothermic reaction.
(v) It is a combination reaction.
(a) (iii) and (iv) (b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii), (iv) and (v) (d) (i) and (iii)

15. In which of the following setups would the bulb glow?

(a) (i) and (iv) (b) (i) and (ii)

(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) (d) (ii), (iii) and (iv)

16. If two parents have the genotypes AA # aa, the probability of having an aa genotype in the F1 generation
is:
(a) 50 per cent (b) 25 per cent
(c) None of these (d) 75 per cent

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Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion (A): Accumulation of variation in a species increases the chances of its survival in changing
environment.
Reason (R): Accumulation of heat resistance in some bacteria ensure their survival even when temperature
in environment rises too much.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

18. Assertion (A): A solenoid tends to expand, when current passes through it.
Reason (R): Two straight parallel metallic wires carrying current in same direction repel each other.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion (A): It is necessary to separate oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood in mammals and birds.
Reason (R): Mammals and birds are warm blooded animals and they depend on environment for their
body temperature regulation.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

20. Assertion (A): Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost is an endothermic reaction.
Reason (R): Decomposition reaction involves breakdown of a single reactant into simpler products.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. A. How can change of size of eyeball be one of the reason for:
(i) Myopia
(ii) Hypermetropia
Compare the size of eyeball with that of a normal eye in each case. How does this change of size affect
the position of image in each case?

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o
B. State the cause of dispersion of white light by a glass prism. Draw a labelled diagram to illustrate
the recombination of the spectrum of white light. Why is it essential that the two prisms used for
the purpose should be identical and placed in an inverted position with respect to each other?

22. How is O2 and CO2 transported in human beings?

23. DDT was sprayed in a lake to regulate breeding of mosquitoes. How would it affect the trophic levels in
the following food chain associated with a lake? Justify your answer.

HAWK
.
LARGE FISH
.
SMALL FISH
.
PLANKTON
.
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT

24. List two different functions performed by pancreas in our body.

25. Label the parts of a neuron in the given figure:

26. A green salt on heating decomposes to produce a colourless suffocating gas and Leaves behind a reddish
brown residue. Name the salt and write the decomposition reaction.

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o
Give suitable reason for the following statements:
(i) We feel burning sensation in the stomach when we overeat.
(ii) The crystals of washing soda change to white powder on exposure to air.

SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. (i) Draw ray diagram to show the principal focus of

(a) a concave mirror, and
(b) a convex mirror.
(ii) In the following diagram, MM is a concave mirror and AB is an object. Draw on your answer sheet
a ray diagram to show the formation of image of this object.

28. (i) Write the essential condition for the following reaction to take place:
2AgBr $ 2Ag + Br2

Write one application of this reaction.
(ii) Complete the following chemical equation of a chemical reaction:
Heat

2FeSO 4 Fe 2 O 3 + .......... + ..........
(iii) What happens when water is added to quick lime? Write chemical equation.

29. (i) Name the poles P, Q, R and S of the magnets in the following figures a and b.

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(ii) State the inference drawn about the direction of the magnetic field lines on the basis of these
diagrams.

30. The table below shows the colour of universal indicator paper (UI paper) at different pH values.

(i) UI paper turns purple in oven cleaner solution. What is the pH of oven cleaner solution?
(ii) Suggest the substance in oven cleaner solution that turns UI paper purple.
(iii) UI paper turns yellowish-green in milk. What is the pH of milk?
(iv) The milk was left outside for five days. When the milk was re-tested with UI paper, the paper
turned orange. What has happened to the milk?

31. How can we help in reducing the problem of waste disposal? Suggest any three methods.

32. Describe the structure and function of the basic filtering unit of kidney.

o

How does nutrition take place in Amoeba? How is it different in Paramoecium?

33. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 80 cm in front of a mirror by keeping
the candle flame at a distance of 20 cm from its pole.
(i) Which type of mirror should the student use?
(ii) Find the magnification of the image produced.
(iii) Find the distance between the object and its image.
(iv) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case and mark the distance between the
object and its image.

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SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. Based on the given diagram, answer the questions given below:

(i) Label the parts A, B, C and D.

(ii) Name the hormones secreted by testis and mention its role.
(iii) State the functions of B and C in the process of reproduction.


o
(i) Draw a diagram showing germination of pollen on stigma of a flower and mark on it the following
organs/parts:
(a) Pollen grain
(b) Pollen tube
(c) Stigma
(d) Female germ-cell
(ii) State the significance of pollen tube.
(iii) Name the parts of flower that develop after fertilisation into:
(a) Seed
(b) Fruit

35. (i) How will you infer with the help of an experiment that the same current flows through every part
of the circuit containing three resistors R1, R2 and R3 in series connected to a battery of V volts?
(ii) Study the following circuit and find out:
(a) Current in 12Ω resistor.
(b) Difference in the readings of Al and A2, if any.

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(i) List two disadvantages of using a series circuit in homes.
(ii) Calculate the effective resistance between A and B in the circuit given below:

36. Soaps and detergents are both types of salts. State the difference between the two. Write the mechanism
of the cleansing action of soaps. Why do soaps not form lather (foam) with hard water? Mention any two
problems that arise due to the use of detergents instead of soaps.


o
A compound A (C2H4O2) reacts with Na metal to form a compound ‘B’ and evolves a gas which burns
with a pop sound. Compound ‘A’ on treatment with an alcohol ‘C’ in presence of an acid forms a sweet
smelling compound ‘D’ (C4H8O2). On addition of NaOH to ‘D’ gives back B and C. Identify A, B, C and
D. Write the reactions involved.

SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. The modes by which various organisms reproduce depend on the body design of the organisms. In asexual
reproduction, a single individual parent produces offsprings without the involvement of gametes. This
method is a common means of increasing the offsprings rapidly under favourable conditions. Asexual
reproduction occurs mostly in unicellular organisms, some plants and certain simple multicellular animals.
(i) State the name of the organism in which binary fission takes place in a definite orientation. Also
name the disease caused by this organism.
(ii) Leaves of ‘Bryophyllum’ when they fall on the soil develop into new plants whereas a banana leaf
will not be able to do so. Why?
(iii) Explain the process of budding in Hydra.


o
(iv) What happens when:
(a) a spirogyra filament matures and attains a considerable length and
(b) a sporangia in Rhizopus bursts on maturation?


o

38. Electrolysis of water is a popular method used for different applications in various industries. The
electrolysis of water is mainly carried out to yield pure hydrogen and oxygen gases. It involves passing
an electric current through the water which results in decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.
Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity. Sulphuric acid is added to the water so that the conductance
of water increases which makes the reaction faster. The setup for electrolysis of water is given below:

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The number of hydrogen molecules produced in electrolysis is twice the number of oxygen molecules. Also,
hydrogen is double in volume than oxygen.
(i) Name the gases evolved at cathode and anode respectively. Why is volume of one gas collected at
one electrode is double of anode?
(ii) How will you test the gas evolved at cathode and at anode?


o
(iv) Write the chemical equation for electrolysis of water.
Why are few drops of H2SO4 added to pure water?

39. Aditya and his friend Manoj placed a candle flame in front of a convex lens at various distances from it
and obtained the image of the candle flame on a white screen.
He noted down the position of the candle, screen and the lens as under
Position of candle = 20 cm
Position of convex lens = 50 cm
Position of the screen = 80 cm

(i) What is the position of the image formed from the convex Lens?
(ii) What is the focal length of the convex tens?


o
Where will the image be formed, if he shifts the candle towards the lens at a position of 35 cm?
(iii) What is the nature of the image formed if Aditya shifts the candle towards the lens to 36m?

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Sample Paper 04
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘x’, ‘y’, and ‘z’ in the following balanced reaction:

x H 2 (g) + y O 2 (g) " z H 2 O (l)
(a) 2, 1, 2 (b) 1, 2, 1
(c) 3, 2, 3 (d) 2, 2, 1

2. Match the following salts to their correct category of water hardness.

Salts Category

1. Sodium Chloride A. Soft Water

2. Sodium Sulphate B. Causes Permanent Hardness

3. Calcium Chloride C. Permanent Hard

Water
4. Magnesium Sulphate D. Does Not Contribute to Hardness

1 2 3 4

(a) A D C B

(b) A B C D

(c) D A B C

(d) A C D B

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3.

Which of the following gases formed at the anode and the cathode?
(a) Chlorine, Hydrogen (b) Hydrogen, Chlorine
(c) Hydrogen, Hydrogen (d) Chlorine, Chlorine

4. A metal M of moderate reactivity is present as its sulphide X . On heating in air, X converts into is oxide
Y and a gas evolves. On heating Y and X together, the metal M is produced. X and Y respectively are
(a) X cuprous sulphide, Y cuprous oxide (b) X cuprous sulphide, Y cupric oxide
(c) X sodium sulphide, Y sodium oxide (d) X calcium sulphide, Y calcium oxide

5. The strength of magnetic field inside a long current carrying straight solenoid is

(a) More at the ends than at the centre

(b) Minimum in the middle
(c) Same at all points
(d) Found to increase from one end to the other

6. Vegetative propagation refers to formation of new plants from

(a) Stem, roots and flowers
(b) Stem, roots and leaves
(c) Stem, flowers and fruits
(d) Stem, leaves and flowers

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7. A graph was plotted to show the energy output of two types of respiration. Identify the type of respiration
denoted by curves A and B .

(a) Anaerobic respiration , Aerobic respiration

(b) Aerobic respiration, Anaerobic respiration
(c) Aerobic respiration, Aerobic respiration
(d) Anaerobic respiration, Anaerobic respiration

8. Transpiration helps :
(a) in the absorption
(b) in the upward movement of water minerals dissolved in it from roots to the leaves
(c) in temperature regulation
(d) all of the above

9. V -I graph for the two wires A and B are shown in the figure. If we connect both the wires one by one to
the same battery which of the two will produce more heat per unit time ?

(a) A (b) B
(c) Both A and B (d) None of these

10. Which of the following the father of genetics ?

(a) Mendel (b) Hook
(c) Faraday (d) Newton

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11. What is the maximum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of 1/5 Ω ?
(a) 1/5 Ω (b) 10 Ω
(c) 5 Ω (d) 1 Ω

12. Involuntary actions in the body are controlled by

(a) Medulla in fore brain (b) Medulla in mid brain
(c) Medulla in hind brain (d) Medulla in spinal cord

13. The strength of magnetic field around a current carrying conductor is

(a) inversely proportional to the current but directly proportional to the square of the distance from
wire.
(b) directly proportional to the current and inversely proportional to the distance from wire.
(c) directly proportional to the distance and inversely proportional to the current
(d) directly proportional to the current but inversely proportional the square of the distance from wire.

14. In the double displacement reaction between aqueous potassium iodide and aqueous lead nitrate, a yellow
precipitate of lead iodide is formed. While performing the activity if lead nitrate is not available, which of
the following can be used in place of lead nitrate?
(a) Lead sulphate (insoluble)
(b) Lead acetate
(c) Ammonium nitrate
(d) Potassium sulphate

15. Which of the following statements is true for acids?

(a) Bitter and change red litmus to blue
(b) Sour and change red litmus to blue
(c) Sour and change blue litmus to red
(d) Bitter and change blue litmus to red

16. Which of the following is the correct representation of electron dot structure of nitrogen ?

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Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion - Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion : Changing of colour of copper from reddish brown to black is an example of reduction.
Reason : Hydrogen is removed.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are True and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not the Correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are False.

18. Assertion : The sex of the children will be determined by chromosome received from the father.
Reason : A human male has one X and one Y -chromosome.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion : Egestion in amoeba takes place through a permanent membrane present in them.
Reason : Cilia is absent in amoeba.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

20. Assertion : Force experienced by moving charge will be maximum if direction of velocity of charge is
perpendicular to applied magnetic field.
Reason : Force on moving charge is independent of direction of applied magnetic field.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. State the function of Bowman’s Capsule and glomerulus.

22. State the necessary conditions of autotrophic nutrition and name the by product. Mention the source of
this by product.

23. A. What is meant by galvanisation ? Why is it done ?

o
B. Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten state ?

24. In winter the frequency of urination is more. Why ?

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25. Imagine you are standing outside on a clear day, and you notice the sky appears blue. You are curious
to understand why this happens, and you decide to research the phenomenon to explain it scientifically.


o
What type of spectacles should be worn by a person having the defects of myopia as well as hypermetropia?
How does it help ?

26. The cartoon below shows a factory releasing chemical waste into a river, which flows into the ocean. Fish
and aquatic life in the river and ocean absorb these chemicals over time.

What impact would this process have on humans if they are at the top of the food chain?

SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. In an industrial wastewater treatment plant, engineers use hydrogen sulfide gas to treat copper-containing
waste. When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through a blue solution of copper sulphate, the colour of the
solution fades and a black precipitate is obtained.
(i) Name the type of reaction mentioned above.
(ii) Why does the colour of the solution fade away ?
(iii) Write the chemical name of the black precipitate formed.

28. (i) Blood pressure is high in the arteries and low in the veins. Give the possible reason for such
difference.
(ii) What is the major cause of high blood pressure ?
(iii) What may happen if a person is having a very high blood pressure ?


o
(i) Name the following :

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(a) The three carbon molecule that is formed due to break-down of glucose during respiration.
(b) The nitrogenous waste that is removed from the blood in our Kidneys.
(ii) How do unicellular organisms generally remove waste ?

29. (i) Arrange the metals Zn, Mg, Al, Cu and Fe in decreasing order of reactivity.
(ii) What would you observe when you put
(a) Some zinc pieces into blue copper sulphate solution ?
(b) Some copper pieces into green ferrous sulphate solution.
(iii) Name a metal which combines with hydrogen gas. Name the compound formed.

30. A mirror is fitted in a wall of the AGRA FORT. When you stand at a proper location, a full-size image
of the Taj Mahal can be seen in this mirror.
(i) What kind of mirror is it ?
(ii) Draw a ray diagram for such a mirror when the object is at infinity.

31. You are given a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. Where will you place an object to get a real, inverted
and highly enlarged image of the object. Draw a ray diagram.

32. Answer the following questions :

(i) What is the direction of magnetic field lines outside a bar-magnet ?
(ii) What is the SI unit of magnetic field ?
(iii) What does crowding of magnetic field lines indicate ?

33. How will you create an artificial aquatic ecosystem, which is self-sustainable?

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. (i) Write the molecular formula of an organic compound having its name suffixed with ‘- ol ’ and
having two carbon atoms in the molecule.
With the help of balanced chemical equation indicate what happens when it is heated with excess
of concentrated H 2 SO 4 .
(ii) Write names of the following compounds :
(a) HCOOH
(b) CH 2 COCH 2 CH 3 .

(iii) Explain why carbon generally forms compounds by covalent bonds.

o
(i) Define catenation. Why no other element exhibits the properties of catenation to the extent seen in
carbon compounds ?
(ii) Name the type of compound formed by the reaction of an organic acid and an alcohol. Write the
chemical equation for the reaction involved.


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35. (i) Draw the diagram of female reproductive system and match and mark the part(s) :
(a) Where block is created surgically to prevent fertilization.
(b) Where Copper-T is inserted?
(c) Inside which condom can be placed.
(ii) Why do more and more people prefer to use condoms? What is the principle behind use of condoms?


o
What are the three categories of contraceptive methods? Write briefly about each.

36. (i) What is meant by the statement, “The resistance of a conductor is one ohm”?
(ii) Define electric power. Write an expression relating electric power, potential difference and resistance.
(iii) How many 132 Ω resistors in parallel are required to carry 5 A on a 220 V line?


o
Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow :

(i) Why do the iron filings arrange in such a pattern?

(ii) What does this pattern demonstrate ?
(iii) Why do the iron filings near the bar magnet seem to align in the shape of closed curves ?
(iv) Can magnetic field lines travel from the south pole to the north pole of a magnet? Explain the
direction of magnetic field lines outside and inside the magnet.

SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. Nastic movements in plants are not directional movements. They are not dependent on the stimulus
and are growth independent. For example, the leaves of a touch me not plant (Mimosa pudica), fold up
immediately when touched. These kinds of changes occur due to the changes in the amount of water in the
leaves. Depending on the quantity, they either swell up or shrink. Plant hormones or phytohormones are
responsible for the control and coordination of plants. There are different types of hormones, which affect
the growth of a plant. Phytohormones are chemical compounds which are released by stimulated cells.
These hormones are diffused around the plant cells. They have a role in the cell division, cell enlargement,
cell differentiation, fruit growth, falling of leaves, ripening of fruits, ageing of plants etc.

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(i) Name the phenomenon called for the movement in growth of plants.
(ii) What do you mean by nastic movement ?
(iii) What are the different types of harmonies of plants ?


o
(iv) The plant harmone help in the cell growth at the shoot tips by elongating the cells and help in the
growth process is :

38. Auxins Activity series : Relative reactivities of metals

Potassium Most reactive

Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc Reactivity decreases
Iron
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Mercury
Silver Least reactive
Gold

(i) What happens when iron nail is added to copper sulphate solution? What is the colour change ?
(ii) Identify the metal which reacts with very dilute nitric acid to evolve hydrogen gas. Name one more
metal not given in the above series which reacts in the same way with dilute nitric acid.
(iii) Name one important ore of copper with its chemical formula.
(iv) Which method is used to extract sodium from molten sodium chloride ?

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o
(v) Which metal is used in the galvanization of iron ?

39. While dealing with the reflection of light by spherical mirrors, we shall follow a set of sign conventions
called the New Cartesian Sign Convention. In this convention, the pole (P) of the mirror is taken as the
origin. The principal axis of the mirror is take as the x -axis of the coordinate system. In a spherical
mirror, the distance of the object from its pole is called the object distance ^u h . The distance of the image
from the pole of the mirror is called the image distance ^v h . Magnification produced by a spherical mirror
gives the relative extent to which the image of an object is magnified with respect to the object size. It is
expressed as the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object. It is usually represented by
the letter ^m h .

(i) How can you calculate the magnification of a spherical mirror ?

(ii) What does a negative sign in the value of magnification indicates?
(iii) Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm.


o
(iv) Why does the height of the object is taken to be positive?

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Sample Paper 05
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘p’, ‘q’, and ‘r’ in the following balanced reaction:

p Fe 2 O 3 (s) + q C (s) " r Fe (s) + CO 2 (g)
(a) 1, 3, 2 (b) 2, 3, 4
(c) 1, 1, 2 (d) 3, 1, 1

2. Match the following acids, bases, and salts with their correct properties or uses. Provide explanations for
each match.

Column A (Acid/Base/Salt) Column B (Properties/Uses)

A. Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) 1. Neutralizes acidic soils

B. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) 2. Used in baking as a raising agent

C. Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) 3.. Found in the stomach for digestion

D. Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) 4.. Used i Used in soap making n baking as a

raising agent

(a) A-1,B-2,C-3,D-4 (b) A-3,B-4,C-1,D-2

(c) A-2,B-2,C-3,D-1 (d) A-1,B-3,C-3,D-2

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3. The statement of law of conservation of mass is:

(a) mass can neither be created nor destroy.

(b) mass can be created nor destroy.
(c) mass of the body cannot be remain same.
(d) none of these.

4. What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of a base in a jar as shown in the figure?

(i) Salt formation takes place.

(ii) The temperature of the solution remains the same.
(iii) The temperature of the solution decreases.
(iv) The temperature of the solution increases.
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 1 and 4

5. Which of the following correctly represents graphical relation between angle of incidence (i) and angle of
reflection (r) ?

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6. Based on the bonding pattern in ammonia, which of the following best describes the type of bonds present
between the nitrogen and hydrogen atoms?

(a) only single bonds

(b) only double bonds

(c) only triple bonds

(d) two double bonds and one single bond

7. Choose the correct statement that describe the arteries?

(a) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under high pressure, collect blood from different organs and
bring it back to the heart.

(b) They have thin walls with valves inside, blood flows under low pressure and carry blood away from
the heart to various organs of the body.

(c) They have thick elastic walls, blood flows under low pressure, carry blood from the heart to various
organs of the body.

(d) They have thick elastic walls without valves inside, blood flows under high pressure and carry blood
away from the heart to different parts of the body.

8. Which of the following reaction is characterised by the yellow colour of product?

T
(a) 2Pb 3 O 4 6PbO (s) + O 2 (g)
(b) Zn (s) + H 2 SO 4 $ ZnSO 4 + H 2
(c) Na 2 CO 3 + H 2 SO 4 $ Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 O + CO 2
T
(d) 2KClO 3 2KCl + 3O 2 (g)

9. Inorganic nitrates or nitrites help plants in the synthesis of which of the following?
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Protein

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10. The twinkling of stars is caused by the bending of light as it passes through layers of Earth’s atmosphere
with varying refractive indices. Which of the following explains this phenomenon?
(a) dispersion of light by water droplets
(b) refraction of light by different layers of varying refractive indices
(c) scattering of light by dust particles
(d) internal reflection of light by clouds

11. A doctor advised a person to take an injection of insulin to manage a condition related to improper
regulation of blood sugar levels. What could be the reason for prescribing insulin?
(a) his blood pressure was low (b) his heart was beating slowly
(c) he was suffering from goitre (d) his sugar level in blood was high

12. The number of chromosomes in parents and offsprings of a particular species remains constant due to
(a) doubling of chromosomes after zygote formation
(b) halving of chromosomes during gamete formation
(c) doubling of chromosomes after gamete formation
(d) halving of chromosomes after gamete formation

13. An object is immersed in a fluid. In order that the object becomes invisible, it should
(a) Behave as a perfect reflector
(b) Absorb all light falling on it
(c) Have refractive index one
(d) Have refractive index exactly matching with that of the surrounding fluid

14. Study the following ray diagram:

In this diagram, the angle of incidence, the angle of emergence and the angle of deviation respectively
have been represented by
(a) y, p, z (b) x, q, z
(c) p, y, z (d) p, z, y

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15. Silver articles become black on prolonged exposure to air as shown in the figure. This is due to the
formation of

(a) Ag 3 N (b) Ag 2 O
(c) Ag 2 S (d) Ag 2 S and Ag 3 N

16. Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes

(i) genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule
(ii) a gene does not code for proteins
(iii) in individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome
(iv) each chromosome has only one gene
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)

Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion : The balancing of chemical equations is based on law of conservation of mass.
Reason : Total mass of reactants is equal to total mass of products.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are True and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not the Correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are False.

18. Assertion : Plant hormones arc growth regulator.

Reason : Growth regulators promote or inhibit the growth.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion : In woody plants, gaseous exchange occurs through lenticels.

Reason : Lenticels are specialised cells found along with stomata on the stem of woody plants.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but Reason is true.

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20. Assertion : Heater wire must have high resistance will be melting point.
Reason : If resistance is high, the electric conductivity will be less.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. What are the functions of the forebrain ?

22. “The sex of the children is determined by what they inherit from their father and not their mother”.
Justify.

23. Name the gas which is usually produced when dil. sulphuric acid reacts with a metal. Illustrate it with an
example. How will you test the evolution of this gas.


o

The soil in a field is highly acidic. List any two materials which can be added to this soil to reduce its
acidity. Give the reason of your choice.

24. Variations are important for the survival of species overtime. Justify this statement with reasons.

25. State the two laws of reflection of light.

o
A concave mirror is known as a converging mirror while a convex mirror is known as diverging mirror?
Explain why ?

26. In the following food chain, 5 J of energy is available to man. How much energy was available at producer
level ?

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SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. A ship made of iron sinks in the ocean. After a few years, the ship’s iron parts begin to deteriorate due
to rusting. Explain why rusting occurs in this situation and the conditions that make rusting possible..

28. A. Explain Mendel’s experiment with peas on inheritance of characters considering only one visible
contrasting character.


o
B. An angiosperm plant having red coloured flowers when crossed with the other having the same
colour produced 40 progenies out of which 30 plants were with red coloured flowers 10 plants were
with white colour [Link] out :
(i) What is the possible genotype of parent plants ?
(ii) Which trait is dominated and recessive?
(ii) What is this cross called as and what is its phenotyping ratio ?

29. Anhydrous copper sulphate (CuSO 4) was dissolved in one beaker and hydrated copper sulphate
(CuSO 4 $ 5H2 O) was dissolved in another beaker. What heat changes do you expect in these beakers and
why ?

30. A person suffering from short-sightedness can see clearly only upon a distance of 2 metres. Find the nature
and power of the lens required to correct his vision.

31. (i) An object is placed at the focus of a convex lens. Draw a ray diagram to locate the position of the
image formed, if any state its position and nature.
(ii) An object placed 50 cm from a lens produces a virtual image at a distance of 10 cm from the lens.
Find the focal length of the lens and also state the type of the lens used.

32. (i) Write the mathematical expression for Joule’s law of heating.
(ii) Compute the heat generated while transferring 96000 coulomb of charge in two hours through a
potential difference of 40 V.

33. Define an ecosystem. Draw a block diagram to show the flow of energy in an ecosystem.

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. A metal E is stored under kerosene. When a small piece of it is left open in the air, it catches fire. When
the product formed is dissolved in water it turns red litmus to blue.
(i) Name the metal E .
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction when it is exposed to air and when the product is
dissolved in water.
(iii) Explain the process by which the metal is obtained from its molten chloride.


o

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(i) What is an ionic bond ?

(ii) How is an ionic bond formed ?
(iii) Writs the formation of magnesium chloride.

35. (i) Draw the diagram of a flower to show its male and female reproductive parts. Label the following
parts in it :
(a) Ovary
(b) Anther
(c) Filament
(d) Stigma
(ii) How does fusion of male and female gametes take place in plants?


o
Differentiate between blood and lymph.

36. What is meant by magnetic force ? Name and explain the rule to determine the direction of force
experienced by a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field. How does this force gets affected on :
(i) doubling the magnitude of current.
(ii) reversing the direction of current flow and
(iii) reversing the direction of magnetic field?


o
Two electric lamps rated 100 W, 220 V and 25 W, 220 V are connected in parallel. Calculate the total
electric current in the circuit.

SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. There are different types of chemical reactions occurring around us or being carried out for the benefit
of mandkind, e.g. combination reactions, decomposition reactions, displacement reactions, precipitation
reactions, reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions, photochemical reactions etc.
Now, answer the following questions :
(i) Combustion of coke is a combination reaction. CO 2 is not a pollutant. Then, why is combustion of
coke harmful?
(ii) Which reaction followed by two combination reactions are involved in white wash of walls?
(iii) Give one use of tin plating in daily life.


o
(iv) How photochemical reactions have played an important in photography?

38. Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms-
“offspring” are produced from their “parents”. Reproduction is a fundamental feature of all known life;
each individual organism exists as the result of reproduction. There are two forms of reproduction: asexual
and sexual. In asexual reproduction, an organism can reproduce without the involvement of another
organism. Asexual reproduction is not limited to single-celled organisms. The cloning of an organism
is a form of asexual reproduction. By asexual reproduction, an organism creates a genetically similar

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or identical copy of itself. The evolution of sexual reproduction is a major puzzle for biologists. Sexual
reproduction typically requires the sexual interaction of two specialized organisms, called gametes, which
contain half the number of chromosomes of normal cells and are created by meiosis, with a male typically
fertilizing a female of the same species to create a fertilized zygote. This produces offspring organisms
whose genetic characteristics are derived from those of the two parental organisms. Asexual reproduction
is a process by which organisms create genetically similar or identical copies of themselves without the
contribution of genetic material from another organism. Bacteria divide asexually via binary fission.
Sexual reproduction is a biological process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material
of two organisms in a process that starts with meiosis, a specialized type of cell division.

(i) What do you mean by reproduction?

(ii) How many forms of reproduction are there? What are they?

(iii) What do you mean by asexual reproduction?

o
(iv) What do you mean by sexual reproduction?

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39. Mr. Rakesh was helping her daughter Aruna at home understanding about the basics of reflection of light.
He found the simplest way to convey the role of curved mirrors using stainless steel teaspoon. Aruna got
surprised to know that virtual image is that which can be seen but cannot be obtained on the screen. Mr.
Rakesh then explained the formation of image using Ray diagrams.

(i) What do you mean by reflection of light?

(ii) The angle between incident ray and reflected ray is 60°. What is the value of angle of incidence?
(iii) A ray of light is incident on a plane mirror at an angle of 30°.what is the angle of reflection?


o
(iv) What happens to a light ray that is incident normally on a surface?

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Sample Paper 06
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘x’, ‘y’, and ‘z’ in the following balanced reaction:

x Na (s) + y Cl 2 (g) " z NaCl (s)
(a) 2, 1, 2 (b) 1, 1, 2
(c) 3, 1, 3 (d) 1, 2, 1

2. Which three allotropes of carbon, do the given figures represent?

(I) (II) (III)

(a) Diamond Graphite Buckminster-Fullerene
(b) Graphite Buckminster-Fullerene Diamond
(c) Diamond Buckminster-Fullerene Graphite
(d) Graphite Diamond Buckminster-Fullerene

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3. 2 moles of sodium react with 1 mole of chlorine gas to form 2 moles of sodium chloride. The image shows
the structure of a flower.

Which process will likely be disturbed or not occur, if labelled part is removed from the flower?
(a) Transport of pollen (b) Formation of fruit
(c) Development of pollen tube (d) Formation of pollen

4. The labelled part is ovule. Removal of ovule results in failure of fertilisation. We know that without
fertilisation, formation of fruit will not take place. A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea plant
(tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants because:
(a) Shortness is the dominant trait.
(b) Tallness is the dominant trait.
(c) Height of pea plant is not governed by gene T or t.
(d) Tallness is the recessive trait.

5. The figure given below shows a schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels (i) to (iv).
Identify the correct label with its functions.

(a) Pulmonary vein - takes impure blood from body part.

(b) Pulmonary artery - takes blood from lung to heart.
(c) Aorta - takes blood from heart to body parts.
(d) Vena cava takes - blood from body parts to right auricle.

6. When testing substances in a lab, one of the solutions turned blue litmus paper to red. Select from the
following statements which is true for bases to determine the nature of this substance.
(a) Bases have a pH less than 7.
(b) Bases are bitter and turn blue litmus red.

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(c) Bases turn pink when a drop of phenolphthalein is added to them.

(d) Bases are sour and change red litmus to blue.

7. An electron is entering a region of magnetic field as shown. Given that the magnetic field direction is into
the paper. In which direction will the deflection of the electron occur?

(a) Out of the paper (b) Into the paper

(c) Towards the top of the paper (d) Towards the bottom of the paper

8. A substance X, turns red Litmus blue, it will change methyl orange to :

(a) Pink (b) Yellow
(c) Colourless (d) Red

9. Magnetic field is produced by the flow of current in a straight wire. The phenomenon was discovered by:
(a) Fleming (b) Faraday
(c) Oersted (d) Maxwell

10. From the options provided, identify which one is correct.?

(a) 1 kWh = 36 # 106 J
(b) 1 watt hour = 3600 J
(c) Energy (in kWh)
(d) Energy (in kWh) = power (in W) # time (in hr)

11. Three resistances are connected as shown below.

The equivalent resistance between A and B is:

(a) 32 Ω (b) 23 Ω
(c) 3
4 Ω (d) 4
3 Ω

12. Marble statues are corroded or stained when they repeatedly come into contact with polluted rain water.
Identify the main reason.

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(a) Polluted water is basic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate.
(b) Decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide.
(c) Calcium carbonate dissolves in water to give calcium hydroxide.
(d) Polluted water is acidic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate.

13. Marble statues are corroded or stained when they repeatedly come into contact with polluted rain water.
Polluted rain water is acidic in nature it reacts with calcium carbonate. Involuntary actions in the body
are controlled by:
(a) medulla in midbrain (b) medulla in forebrain
(c) medulla in spinal cord (d) medulla in hindbrain

14. The table provides the pH value of four solutions P, Q, R and S :

Solution pH value
P 2
Q 9
R 5
S 11

Which of the following correctly represents the solutions in increasing order of their hydronium ion
concentration?
(a) P>S>Q>R (b) P>Q>R>S
(c) S<P<Q<R (d) S<Q<R<P

15. Respiratory structures of two different animals a fish and a human being are as shown. Observe (a) and
(b) and select one characteristic that holds true for both of them.

(a) Both have thin and moist surface for gaseous exchange.
(b) Both are placed internally in the body of animal.
(c) In both the blood returns to the heart after being oxygenated.
(d) Both are poorly supplied with blood vessels to conserve energy.

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16. Which of the options in the given table are correct?

Option Natural Source Acid Present

(i) Orange Oxalic acid
(ii) Sour milk Lactic acid
(iii) Ant sting Methanoic acid
(iv) Tamarind Acetic acid
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) and (iv)
(c) (ii) and (iii) (d) (iii) and (iv)

Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion (A): Movement of leaves of sensitive plant is different from movement of a shoot towards light.
Reason (R): Sensitive plant shows seismonastic movements which are due to turgidity of cells whereas the
movement of shoot is a tropic movement.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

18. Assertion (A): A pencil partly immersed in water appears to be bent at the water surface.
Reason (R): Light from different points on the pencil immersed in water refracts and appears to come
from a point above the original position.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion (A): Testes are located outside the abdominal cavity in the scrotum.
Reason (R): Because sperm formation requires lower temperature than the normal body temperature.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

20. Assertion (A): Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
Reason (R): A large amount of energy is required to break the strong inter-ionic attraction in ionic
compounds.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.


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SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. In figures (a), (b) and (c), which appears more accurate and why?

22. Consider the food chain :

Grass $ Deer $ Lion
What will happen if all the :
(i) Lions are removed ? (ii) Deers are removed ?

23. An object is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm. List four characteristics
(nature, position, etc.) of the image formed by the lens.


o
An object of height 1.2 m is placed before a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm so that a real image
is formed at a distance of 60 cm from it. Find the position of an object. What will be the height of the
image formed?

24. What happens when hydrogen gas is passed over the heated copper oxide? Write the chemical equation
involved in this reaction.


o
In the arrangement shown below there are three test tubes marked A, B and C. Few clean iron nails are
placed in these tubes. Water is poured in test tube A, boiled distilled water and 1 mL of oil are poured in
test tube B and anhydrous calcium chloride is added in test tube C.

What are the two observations that can be observed after a few days from the given arrangement?

25. (i) In the given diagram, name the parts where (a) pollen grains are produced and (b) pollen grains are
transferred.

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(ii) What happens to ovule and ovary after fertilisation?

26. Mustard was growing in two fields A and B. While field A produced brown coloured seeds, field B produced
yellow coloured seeds. It was observed that in field A, the offspring showed only the parental trait for
consecutive generations, whereas in field B, majority of the off-springs showed a variation in the progeny.

What are the probable reasons for these?

SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. Observe the given figure and answer the following questions:

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(i) Which gas is produced by the reaction of zinc and dil. sulphuric acid?
(ii) How will you test for the presence of the gas produced?
(iii) Name the salt produced when zinc metal reacts with sodium hydroxide solution.
(iv) Can all bases react with active metals?

28. (i) Complete the following table :

Formula Oxygen Ozone

(i) .......... (ii) ..........
Benefits to biotic component (iii) .......... (iv) ..........
..........
..........
(ii) How is ozone formed at the higher levels of atmosphere?

29. A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 12 cm.
The distance of the object from the tens is 18 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the image formed.

30. A V-I graph for a nichrome wire is given below. What do you infer from this graph? Draw a labelled
circuit diagram to obtain such a graph.

31. In an experimental set-up, 10 mL of copper sulphate is taken in both the test tubes A and B. Iron nails
are dipped in test tube B for about 20 minutes. The given figure shows the comparison of iron nails and
copper sulphate solutions before and after the reaction. Observe the given figure and answer the questions
that follow:

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(i) What changes in the colour of iron nail and copper sulphate solution do you observe after keeping
the iron nail dipped in copper sulphate solution for about 20 minutes?
(ii) Why does the blue colour of copper sulphate fade by adding iron nail in it?
(iii) Write the chemical reaction involved. Name the type of reaction in the above activity.

32. Draw ray diagrams for the following cases when a ray of light:
(i) passing through centre of curvature of a concave mirror is incident on it.
(ii) parallel to principal axis is incident on convex mirror.
(iii) is passing through focus of a concave mirror incident on it.

33. (i) Identify any two parts from the given diagram which carry oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

(ii) Explain the process of double circulation with the help of a flow chart.


o
List in tabular form three distinguishing features between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic
nutrition.

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. (i) List in tabular form three differences between binary fission and multiple fission.
(ii) What happens when a mature Spirogyra filament attains considerable length?
(iii) List two disadvantages of vegetative propagation.


o
(i) Budding, fragmentation and regeneration, all are considered as asexual mode of reproduction.
Why?
(ii) With the help of neat diagram, explain the process of regeneration in Planaria.
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram in proper sequence to show budding in Hydra.

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35. (i) Name two oxidising agents that are used for the conversion of alcohols to acids. Distinguish between
ethanol and ethanoic acid on the basis of (a) litmus test, and (b) reaction with sodium hydrogen
carbonate.
(ii) The table shows the electronic structures of four elements.

Element Electronic Structure

P 2, 6
Q 2, 8, 1
R 2, 8, 7
S 2, 8, 8
(a) Identify which element(s) will form covalent bonds with carbon.
(b) ‘Carbon reacts with an element in the above table to form several compounds.’ Give suitable
reason.


o
(i) What is a homologous series ? Find the difference in molecular mass between the two consecutive
members of a homologous series. State how in a homologous series of carbon compounds the
following properties vary will increase in molecular mass :
(a) Melting and boiling points.
(b) Chemical properties.
(ii) Draw the possible isomers of the compound with molecular formula C3H6O and also give their
electron dot structures.

36. (i) Suppose your parents have constructed a two room house and you want that in the living room
there should be a provision of one electric bulb, one electric fan, a refrigerator and a plug point for
appliances of power up to 2 kW. Draw a circuit diagram showing electric fuse and earthing as safety
devices.
(ii) The given magnet is divided into three parts A, B and C.

A B C

Name the parts where the strength of magnetic field is:

(a) maximum
(b) minimum
How will the density of magnetic field lines differ at these parts?


o
(i) What is the meaning of electric power of an electrical device? Write its S.I. unit.
(ii) An electric kettle of 2 kW is used for 2h. Calculate the energy consumed in (a) kilowatt hour and
(b) joules.

SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. Homologous series is a series of compounds with similar chemical properties and same functional group
differing from the successive member by -CH2 or 14 mass units. Members of a homologous series show a
gradual change in the physical properties (such as melting point, boiling point etc.) with the increase in
molecular formula in the series.
(i) What is the difference between two consecutive members in a homologous series in alkanes in terms
of

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(a) Molecular mass

(b) Number of atoms of elements?
(ii)
(a) Write the formula and IUPAC name of the next homologue of CH3CH2OH.
(b) Which two of the following organic compounds belong to the same homologous series?
C2H6, C2H6O, C2H6O2, CH4O


o
Study the graph below that represents the boiling points of alcohols compared with alkanes.

What do you depict from the given graph?

o
From the graph, we depict that alcohols possess higher boiling points as compared to those of corresponding
alkanes.

38. Arteries, veins and capillaries are blood vessels through which blood flows in our body. Arteries carry
blood from heart to different parts of the body whereas veins deliver blood back to the heart. Arteries are
connected to veins by thin capillaries.
(i) Which two chambers of the human heart have arteries connected to them?
(ii) What are capillaries?
(iii) What is blood pressure? How is it measured?


o
Study the graph below that represents the blood pressure in various blood vessels of the circulatory
system.

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Why is blood pressure higher in our arteries than in our veins?

39. Sumati wanted to see the stars of the night sky. She knows that she needs a telescope to see those distant
stars. She finds out that the telescopes, which are made of lenses, are called refracting telescopes and the
ones which are made of mirrors are called reflecting telescopes.

So, she decided to make a refracting telescope. She bought two lenses, L1 and L2, out of which L1 was bigger
and L2 was smaller. The larger lens gathers and bends the light,while the smaller lens magnifies the image.
Big, thick lenses are more powerful. So to see far away, she needed a big powerful lens. Unfortunately, she
realised that a big lens is very heavy.
Heavy lenses are hard to make and difficult to hold in the right place. Also since the light is passing
through the lens, the surface of the lens has to be extremely smooth. Any flaws in the lens will change the
image. It would be like looking through a dirty window.
(i) Based on the diagram shown, what kind of lenses would Sumati need to make the telescope?
(ii) What is the formula of magnification obtained with a lens?
(iii) Sumati did some preliminary experiment with the lenses and found out that the magnification of
the eyepiece L2 is 3. If in her experiment with L2 she found an image at 24 cm from the lens, at what
distance did she put the object?


o
If the powers of the lenses L1 and L2 are in the ratio of 4 : 1, what would be the ratio of the focal length
of L1 and L2?

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Sample Paper 07
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. Identify ‘p’, ‘q’, and ‘r’ in the following balanced reaction:

p Ca (s) + q H 2 O (l)" r Ca (OH) 2 (aq) + H 2 (g)

(a) 1, 2, 1 (b) 1, 1, 2
(c) 2, 1, 2 (d) 2, 2, 1

2. Observe the diagram of Human digestive system.

Match the labelling referred in column I and correlate with the function in column II.

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Column I Column II
(i) (A) The length of this depends on food the
organism eats.

(ii) (B) Initial phase of starch digestion.

(iii) (C) Increases the efficiency of lipase enzyme
action.
(iv) (D) This is the site of the complete digestion of
carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
(a) (i)-(A), (ii)-(B), (iii)-(C), (iv)-(D) (b) (i)-(B), (ii)-(C), (iii)-(D), (iv)-(A)
(c) (i)-(B), (ii)-(D), (iii)-(C), (iv)-(A) (d) (i)-(D), (ii)-(A), (iv)-(B), (IV)-(C)

3. Identify gas A in the following experiment.

(a) Hydrogen (b) Nitrogen

(c) Carbon dioxide (d) Oxygen

4. Which of the following I-V graph represents for ohmic conductors ?

5. Identify the correct representation of reaction occurring during chlor-alkali process:

(a) 2NaCl (aq) + 2H 2 O (aq) $ 2NaOH (aq) + Cl 2 (g) + H 2 (g)

(b) 2NaCl (l) + 2H 2 O (l) $ 2NaOH (l) + Cl 2 (g) + H 2 (g)
(c) 2NaCl (aq) + H 2 O (l) $ 2NaOH (aq) + Cl 2 9 (g) + H 2 (g)
(d) 2NaCl (aq) + 2H 2 O (l) $ 2NaOH (aq) + Cl 2 (aq) + H 2 (aq)

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6. In the following circuits, heat produced in the resistor or combination of resistors connected to a 12 V
battery will be:

(a) minimum in case (i) (b) same in all the cases

(c) maximum in case (iii) (d) maximum in case (ii)

7. If an electron is travelling horizontally towards east, a magnetic field in vertically downward direction
exerts a force on the electron along:
(a) west (b) east
(c) south (d) north

8. Carefully study the diagram of human excretory system with labels A, B and C .
Select the option which gives correct function of B.

(a) carry urine from kidney to urinary bladder

(b) contain urine till is released out
(c) passage through which urine is excreted out of the body.
(d) guard the urethra

9. Which organism reproduces by the method shown in the given figure?

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(a) Amoeba (b) Plasmodium

(c) Paramecium (d) Leishmania

10. Dramatic changes of body features associated with puberty are mainly because of secretion of:
(a) oestrogen from adrenal gland and testosterone from pituitary gland
(b) oestrogen from testes and testosterone from ovary
(c) testosterone from thyroid gland and oestrogen from pituitary gland
(d) testosterone from testes and oestrogen from ovary

11. In the reaction of iron with copper sulphate solution:

CuSO 4 + Fe $ Cu + FeSO 4
Which option in the given table correctly represents the substance oxidised and the reducing agent?

Option Substance oxidised Reducing agent

a. Fe Fe
b. Fe FeSO 4
c Cu Fe
d. CuSO 4 Fe

12. C 4+ does not exist but Pb 4+ exists although both belong to the same group. This is because:
(i) size of carbon is much smaller than Pb.
(ii) large amount of energy is needed in case of carbon.
(iii) of inert pair effect.
(iv) nucleus cannot hold such a large number of electrons.
The correct statement(s) is/are:
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) Only (i)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) Only (iii)

13. The diagram shows the electrolysis of water.

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A few drops of H 2 SO 4 are added to pure water because :

(a) pure water is a bad conductor of electricity (b) it does not conduct electricity
(c) Both b . and c (d) it makes the reaction faster

14. A student arranges an electric circuit as shown in figure :

He gently puts the compass needle near the thick copper wire XY . He observes that compass needle
shows deflection as soon as key (K) is inserted What does this depict?
(a) The compass needle is faulty.
(b) There is a magnetic field around the conductor XY
(c) Connections in the circuit are not proper.
(d) Heating effect of current causes deflection in compass needle.

15. In human males, all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired Chromosome
is/are:
(i) large chromosome (ii) small chromosome
(iii) Y-chromosome (iv) X-chromosome
(a) Only (iii) (b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)

16. The table shown below gives information about four substances: A, B , C and D .

Substance Melting point (k) Electrical Conductivity

Solid Liquid/Aqueous

A. 295 Good Good

B. 1210 Good Good
C. 1890 Good Good
D. 1160 Good Poor
Identify Ionic compounds from the above given substances.
(a) B and C (b) A and B
(c) A, C and D (d) A, B and D

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Question No. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion (A): The uterine line in human females becomes thick and spongy every month.
Reason (R): The lining breaks and comes out through the vagina as blood and mucus if fertilisation does
not occur.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is fake.
(d) Assertion (A) is fake but Reason (R) is true.

18. Assertion (A): Two resistance having value R each. Their equivalent resistances is = R
2
Reason (R): Given resistance is connected in parallel.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is fake.
(d) Assertion (A) is fake but Reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion (A): Excretion is the biological process by which harmful wastes are removed from an organism’s
body.
Reason (R): The mode of excretion is same in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is fake.
(d) Assertion (A) is fake but Reason (R) is true.

20. Assertion (A): White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.

Reason (R): Decomposition of silver chloride in presence of sunlight takes place to form silver metal and
chlorine gas.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is fake.
(d) Assertion (A) is fake but Reason (R) is true.

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SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. Why is Tyndall effect shown by colloidal particles? State four instances of observing the Tyndall effect.


o
(i) Why is red used as the stopping light at traffic signals?
(ii) Two triangular glass prisms are kept together connected through their rectangular side. A light
beam is passed through one side of the combination. Will there be any dispersion? Justify your
answer.

22. You might have noted that when copper powder is heated in a China dish, the surface of copper powder
becomes coated with a black colour substance.
(i) How has this black-coloured substance formed?
(ii) What is that black substance?
(iii)Write the chemical equation of the reaction that takes place.


o
You have four solutions A, B , C and D . The pH of solution A is 6, B is 9, C is 12 and D is 7.
(i) Identify the most acidic and most basic solutions.
(ii) Arrange the above four solutions in the increasing order of H+ ion concentration.

23. (i) What is lymph?

(ii) Give two functions of blood.

24. Explain the processes of aerobic respiration in mitochondria of a cell and anaerobic respiration in yeast
and muscle with the help of word equations.

25. How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plants different from the movement of a shoot towards
light.

26. In the following food chain, vertical arrows indicate the energy lost to the environment and horizontal
arrows indicate energy transferred to the next trophic level. Which one of the three vertical arrows (A, C
and E ) and which one of the two horizontal arrows (B and D ) will represent more energy transfer? Give
reason for your answer.

A food chain in a forest ecosystem

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SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. of the three metals X , Y and Z . X reacts with cold water. Y with hot water and Z with steam only.
Identify X , Y and Z and also arrange them in order of increasing reactivity.

28. Complete the following flow chart based on ecosystem and its components.

o
(i) From the following group of organisms, create a food chain which is the most advantageous for
human beings in terms of energy :

(ii) State the possible disadvantage if the cereal plant is growing in soil rich in pesticides.
(iii) Construct a food web using the organisms mentioned above.

29. (i) Under what conditions permanent electromagnet is obtained if a current carrying solenoid is used?
(ii) A magnetic compass shows a deflection when placed near a current carrying wire. How will the
deflection of the compass get affected if the current in the wire is increased?

30. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an object, using concave mirror of focal length of 12 cm.
(i) What should be the range of the object distance in the above case?
(ii) Will the image be smaller or larger than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of
image in this case.
(iii) Where will the image of this object be, if it is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror?

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31. A hydrocarbon molecule has the structure given below:

(i) Write the equation for the combustion of this hydrocarbon molecule in oxygen.
(ii) The given molecule can be hydrogenated to produce an alkane molecule. Name it.
(iii) Give the reaction conditions for the above conversion.

32. List in tabular form three differences between arteries and veins.


o
Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys.

33. (i) State laws of refraction of light.

(ii) The power of a lens is +5 diopters. What is the nature and focal length of this lens? At what
distance from this lens should an object be placed so as to get its inverted image of the same size?

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. (i) Identify the given diagram. Name the parts 1 to 5.

(ii) What is contraception? List three advantages of adopting contraceptive measures.

o
(i) Write one main difference between asexual and sexual mode of reproduction. Which species is
likely to have comparatively better chances of survival—the one reproducing asexually or the one
reproducing sexually? Give reason to justify your answer.
(ii) What is carpel? Write the function of its various parts.

35. A metal M is stored under kerosene. It vigorously catches fire, if a small piece of this metal is kept open
in air. Dissolution of this metal in water releases great amount of energy and the metal catches fire. The
solution so formed turns red litmus blue.

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(i) Name the metal M .

(ii) Write formula of the compound formed when this metal is exposed to air.
(iii) Why is metal M ’ stored under kerosene?
(iv) If oxide of this metal is treated with hydrochloric acid, what would be the products?
(v) Write balanced equations for:
(a) Reaction of ‘M’ with air.
(b) Reaction of ‘M’ with water.
(c) Reaction of metal oxide with hydrochloric acid.


o
(i) Write the steps involved in the extraction of pure metals in the middle of the activity series from
their carbonate ores.
(ii) How is copper extracted from its sulphide ore? Explain the various steps supported by chemical
equations. Draw labelled diagram for the electrolytic refining of copper.

36. (i) For the combination of resistors shown in the following figure, find the equivalent resistance between
M and N :

(ii) State Joule’s law of heating.

(iii) Why we need a 5A fuse for an electric iron which consumes 1 kW power at 220 V?
(iv) Why is it impracticable to connect an electric bulb and an electric heater in series?


o
PQ is a current carrying conductor in the plane of the paper as shown in the figure below.

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(i) Find the directions of the magnetic fields produced by it at points R and S ? Given r1 2 r2, where
will the strength of the magnetic field be larger? Give reasons.
(ii) Field strength at which point will be greater?
(iii) If the polarity of the battery connected to the wire is reversed, how would the direction of the
magnetic field be changed?
(iv) Explain the rule that is used to find the direction of the magnetic field for a straight current
carrying conductor.

SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. Figure A and B show the ray diagrams related to defects of vision. Study the diagrams and answer the
questions:

(i) Refer to fig. B and fig. A, showing the defects of vision in patients Y and X . Infer the defects which
can be diagnosed from the given ray diagrams.
(ii) Identify the eye defect resulting due to the eye lens becoming cloudy.
(iii) Based on the spectacles given below, infer the eye defect which can be diagnosed from it. Also List
two causes of this defect.

o
(iv) The patient X needs a lens of power –4.5D for correction of his vision.

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(a) What is the focal length of the corrective lens?

(b) What is the nature of corrective lens?

38. Refer to the given table regarding results of F2 generation of Mendelian cross.

Plants with round and yellow coloured seeds (P) 315

Plants with round and green coloured seeds (Q) 108
Plants with wrinkled and yellow coloured seeds (R) 101
Plants with wrinkled and green coloured seeds (S) 32
(i) What would be the phenotype of F1 generation regarding given data of F2 generation?
(ii) What would be the genotype of parental generation regarding given result of F2 generation?
(iii) If plant with wrinkled and green coloured seeds (S) is crossed with plant having wrinkled and yellow
coloured seeds (R), what will be the probable phenotype of offsprings?


o
(iv) If YYRR is round yellow, what do the following represent?
yyrr, yyRR.

39. The table shows some information about compounds in homologous series.

Name of Compound Molecular Formula Molecular Mass Boiling Point

Methanoic acid HCOOH 46 100.8cC
Ethanoic acid CH 3 COOH 60 118c C
Propanoic acid C 2 H 5 COOH 74 141cC
Butanoic acid C 3 H 7 COOH 88 163cC
Pentanoic acid C 4 H 9 COOH 102 186c C

(i) Predict the molecular mass of the compound in the same series which has six carbon atoms in one
molecule. Write the general formula for a compound in this homologous series.
(ii) Draw the structural formula of propanoic acid. Why ethanoic acid is called glacial acetic acid?


o
(iii) Draw the electron dot structure of ethanoic acid.

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Page 1 Sample Paper 08 CBSE Science Class 10

Sample Paper 08
Class X 2024-25
Science (086)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. All questions would be compulsory. However, an internal choice of approximately 33%would be provided.
50% marks are to be allotted to competency-based questions.
2. Section A would have 16 simple/complex MCQs and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions carrying 1
mark each.
3. Section B would have 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C would have 7 Short Answer (SA) type questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D would have 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E would have 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (04
marks each) with sub-parts of the values of 1/2/3 marks.

SECTION-A

Question 1 to 16 are multiple choice questions. Only one of the choices is correct. Select and write the correct
choice as well as the answer to these questions.

1. A metal rod (M) was dipped in a coloured solution (Y ). After some time it was observed that the
metal rod starts dissolving in the solution and the solution starts fading in colour. However, a coloured
precipitate (Z ) was seen at the bottom of the beaker. (M), (Y ) and (Z ) could be

(a) M = Zn Y = FeSO 4 Z = Fe

(b) M = Cu Y = Al 2 (SO 4) 3 Z = Al

(c) M = Ag Y = CuSO 4 Z = Cu

(d) M = Fe Y = ZnSO 4 Z = Zn

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2. The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is much faster than that seen in terrestrial organisms, because-
(a) The amount of dissolved oxygen in water is fairly high as compared to the amount of oxygen in the
air.
(b) The amount of dissolved oxygen in water is fairly low as compared to the amount of oxygen in the
air.
(c) Aquatic organisms need more oxygen to breath.
(d) Aquatic organisms do not have proper organs for breathing.

3. Two bulbs of 100 W and 40 W are connected in series. The current through the 100 W bulb is 1 A. The
current through the 40 W bulb will be :

(a) 0.4 A (b) 0.6 A

(c) 0.8 A (d) 1 A

4. The maleness of a child is determined by

(a) The X chromosome in the zygote
(b) The Y chromosome in zygote
(c) The cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex
(d) Sex is determined by chance

5. A student adds a few drops of the universal indicator to a dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate taken in
a test tube.

The colour of mixture of universal indicator and dilute sodium bicarbonate is:

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(a) Green (b) Yellow

(c) Violet (d) Blue

6. Which of the following are correctly matched in the given table?

1. Combination reaction Formation of single product.

2. Decomposition reaction Break down of single, entity.
3. Thermal decomposition Heat is used.
4. Displacement reaction Based on reactivity series.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

7. Which of the following is (are) true when HCl (g) is passed through water?

(i) It does not ionise in the solution as it is a covalent compound.

(ii) It ionizes in the solution.
(iii) It gives both hydrogen and hydroxyl ion in the solution.
(iv) It forms hydronium ion in the solution due to the combination of hydrogen ion with water molecule.
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 3
(c) 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4

8. Which of the following represents saponification reaction ?

CaO
(a) CH 3 COONa + NaOH CH 4 + Na 2 CO 3 (b) CH 3 COOH + C 2 H 5 OH H SO CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 + H 2 O
2 4

(c) 2CH 3 COOH + 2Na $ 2CH 3 COONa + H 2 (d) CH 3 COOC 2 H 5 + NaOH " CH 3 COONa + C 2 H 5 OH

9. Which metal have maximum reactivity?

(a) K (b) Na
(c) Au (d) Pt

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10. The process of movement of solvent particles from region of less solute concentration to region of high
solute concentration through semi permeable membrane is known as
(a) Diffusion (b) Osmosis
(c) Transpiration (d) Translocation

11. Light rays are deviated by a prism as shown in the figure.

The deviation angle δ is measured for light rays of different frequency, including blue light and red light.
Which of the following graph is correct?

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12. Solid calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to form calcium hydroxide accompanied by liberation
of heat. This process is called slaking of lime. Calcium hydroxide dissolves in water to form its solution
called lime water. Which among the following is (are) true about slaking of lime and the solution formed?

(i) It is an endothermic reaction.

(ii) It is an exothermic reaction.
(iii) The pH of the resulting solution will be more than seven.
(iv) The pH of the resulting solution will be less than seven.
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)

13. In a synapse, chemical signal is transmitted from

(a) Dendritic end of one neuron to axonal end of another neuron.
(b) Axon to cell body the same neuron.
(c) Cell body to axonal end of the same neuron.
(d) Axonal end of one neuron to dendritic end of another neuron.

14. The correct sequence of reproductive stages seen in flowering plants is

(a) Gametes, zygote, embryo, seedling (b) Zygote, gametes, embryo, seedling
(c) Seedling, embryo, zygote, gametes (d) Gametes, embryo, zygote, seedling

15. The maximum resistance which can be made using four resistors each of resistance 1
2 Ω is :
(a) 2 Ω (b) 1 Ω
(c) 2.5 Ω (d) 8 Ω

16. Which of following source gives monochromatic light?

(a) Sodium lamp (b) Mercury lamp
(c) Spark lamp (d) All of the above

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Question no. 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reasoning based questions.

17. Assertion : Chips manufacturers usually flush bags of chips with oxygen gas.
Reason : It adds taste to chips.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are True and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are True but Reason is not the Correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are False.

18. Assertion : Plants lack the nervous system, but they do coordinate.
Reason : It is so because of hormones.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion : in the daytime, CO 2 generated during respiration is used up for photosynthesis.
Reason : There is no CO 2 release during day.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but Reason is true.

20. Assertion : A small coil carrying current, in equilibrium, is perpendicular to the direction of the uniform
magnetic field.
Reason : Torque is maximum when plane of coil and direction of the magnetic field are parallel to each
other.
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion
(A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

SECTION-B

Question no. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.

21. Out of the two–hydrochloric acid and acetic acid, which one is considered a strong acid and why ? Write
the name/molecular formula of one more strong acid.


o
Name the acid produced in our stomach. What happens if there is an excess of acid in the stomach? How
can it be cured ? Name the antacid.

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22. A graph was plotted to show the energy output of two types of respiration. Identify the type of respiration
denoted by curves A and B .

23. Why are the chances of variation more in sexually developing organisms ?

24. You soak seeds of bean and observe them after 2-3 days. What will be your observations?

25. Calculate the equivalent resistance from the following combination of resistors.

o
What would be the readings of ammeter and voltmeter in the given circuit ?

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26. Name the sources from where the green plants obtain C, H and O.

SECTION-C

Question no. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.

27. Write an experiment to show that copper does not react with dilute HCl.

28. What is a thermochemical equation ? Give two examples.

29. How do Mendel’s experiments show that traits may be dominant or recessive?


o
With the help of two suitable examples explain why certain experiences and traits earned by people during
their lifetime are not passed onto their next generations. When such traits be passed on?

30. (i) Ravi kept a book at a distance of 10 cm from the eyes of his friend Hari. Hari is not able to read
anything written on the book. Explain why ?
(ii) A lens of focal length 5.0 cm is being used by a student in the laboratory as a magnifying glass. His
least distance of distinct vision is 25 cm. What magnification is the student getting ?

31.

(i) A ray of light is incident at an angle of 45° at the interface of medium (i) and medium (ii) as shown

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in the above diagram. Redraw this diagram in the answer book and complete it. If the angle of
refraction is 30° find the refractive index of medium (2) with respect to medium (i).

(Given that sin 45c = 1

2 and sin 30c = 1
2 )

(ii) If second medium is water in place of medium (2), will the angle of refraction increase or decrease
? Why ? (Refractive index of water = 4/3 )

32. State Joules law of heating. List two special characteristics of a heating element wire.
An electric iron consumes energy at the rate of 880W when heating is at the maximum rate and 440W
when the heating is at the minimum rate. The applied voltage is 220 V. Calculate the current and
resistance in each case.


o
Study the given electric circuit and calculate :
(i) the current flowing through the 4 Ω resister and
(ii) potential difference across the combination of two resistor of 8 Ω each.

33. (i) “Improvements in our lifestyle have resulted in greater amounts of waste generation.” Give two
examples to support the given statement. Suggest one change that we can incorporate in our
lifestyle in order to reduce non-biodegradable waste.
(ii) The following organisms form a food chain.
Insect, Hawk, Grass, Snake, Frog
Which of these will have highest concentration of non-biodegradable chemicals? Name the
phenomenon.

SECTION-D

Question no. 34 to 36 are Long answer questions.

34. A student dropped few pieces of marble in dilute hydrochloric acid, contained in a test tube. The evolved
gas was then passed through lime water. What change would be observed in lime water ? What will
happen if excess of gas is passed through lime water ? Write balanced chemical equations for all the
changes observed.


o
(i) What are strong acids and weak acids? Give an example for each.

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(ii) A dry pellet of a common base B when kept in open absorbs moisture and turns sticky. The
compound is also formed by chlor-alkali process. Identify B . What type of reaction occurs when B
is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid ? Write the chemical equation.

35. Give reasons :

(i) Ventricles have thicker muscular walls than atria.
(ii) Transport system in plants is slow.
(iii) Circulation of blood in aquatic vertebrates differs from that in terrestrial vertebrates.
(iv) During the daytime, water and minerals travel faster through xylem as compared to the night.
(v) Veins have valves whereas arteries do not.


o
How would you classify a green plant, an animal, a fungus and a roundworm based on their modes of
nutrition ? Explain very briefly the manner how they get their nutrition.

36. (i) With the help of an activity, explain the method of inducing electric current in a coil with a moving
magnet. State the rule used to find the direction of electric current thus generated in the coil.
(ii) Two circular coils-1 and coil-2 are kept close to each other as shown in the diagram. Coil-1 is
connected to a battery and key and coil-2 with a galvanometer. State your observation in the
galvanometer:

(a) When key K closed;

(b) When key K is opened;
Give reason for your observations.


o
(i) For the combination of resistors shown in the following figure, find the equivalent resistance between
M and N :

(ii) State Joule’s law of heating.

(iii) Why we need a 5A fuse for an electric iron which consumes 1 kW power at 220 V?
(iv) Why is it impracticable to connect an electric bulb and an electric heater in series?

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SECTION-E

Question no. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts. Internal choice is
provided in one of these sub-parts.

37. A student prepared oxygen in a lab by catalytic decomposition of potassium chlorate ^KClO 3h as shown
in the figure. Decomposition of potassium chlorate gives potassium chloride (KCl) and oxygen ^O 2h . The
following reaction takes place :
KClO 3 (s) $ KCl (s) + O 2 (g)
(i) How many moles of KClO 3 are required to produce 2.4 moles of O 2 ?
(ii) Name the element which is reduced in the given reaction.
(iii) How many moles of KClO 3 give 3 moles of oxygen?


o
(iv) What is the oxidation state of chlorine in potassium chlorate?

38. The ciliary muscle muscles of eye control the curvature of the lens in the eye and hence can alter the
effective focal length of the system. When the muscles are fully relaxed, the focal length is maximum.
When the muscles are strained the curvature of lens increases (that means radius of curvature decreases)
and focal length decreases. For a clear vision the image must be on retina. The image distance is therefore
fixed for clear vision and it equals the distance of retina from eye-lens. It is about 2.5 cm for a grown-up
person.
A person can theoretically have clear vision of objects situated at any large distance from the eye. The
smallest distance at which a person can clearly see is related to minimum possible focal length, The ciliary
muscles are most strained in this position. For an average grown-up person minimum distance of object
should be around 25 cm.
A person suffering for eye defects uses spectacles (Eye glass). The function of lens of spectacles is to form
the image of the objects within the range in which person can see clearly. The image of the spectacle-lens
becomes object for eye-lens and whose image is formed on retina.
The number of spectacle-lens used for the remedy of eye defect is decided by the power of the lens
required and the number of spectacle-lens is equal to the numerical value of the power of lens with sign.
For example power of lens required is +3D (converging lens of focal length 100/3 cm) then number of lens
will be +3.

For all the calculations required you can use the lens formula and lens maker’s formula. Assume that the
eye lens is equiconvex lens. Neglect the distance between eye lens and the spectacle lens.
(i) What do you mean by the ciliary muscles ?
(ii) What is the minimum focal length of eye lens of a normal person ?

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(iii) What is the maximum focal length of eye lens of normal person ?


o
(iv) A near-sighted man can clearly see object only up-to a distance of 100 cm and not beyond this.
What is the number of the spectacles lens necessary for the remedy of this defect ?

39. The sexual act always has the potential to lead to pregnancy will make major demands on the body and
the mind of the woman and if she is not ready for it, her health will be adversely affected. Therefore, many
ways have been devised to avoid pregnancy.

(i) Name any two bacterial diseases that are caused due to unprotected sex.
(ii) In what a pill helps in preventing pregnancy?
(iii) What is vasectomy?


o
(iv) What are the common side-effects of using contraceptive pills?

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