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Unit 4. 21ST CENTURY LITERACIES
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Globalization and Multicultural literacy
The OECD GLOBAL Competence framework
1. Globalization
2. Multiculturalism
3. Intercultural communication
B. SOCIAL LITERACY
1. Social cognition and social skills
2. Emotional intelligence
3. People skills
WHAT THIS MODULE IS ABOUT
Literacy has always been a collection of cultural and communicative practices
shared among members of particular groups. As society and technology change, so
does literacy. Because technology has increased the intensity and complexity of literate
environments, the 21st century demands that a literate person possess a wide range of
abilities and competencies, many literacies. These literacies are multiple, dynamic, and
malleable. As in the past, they are inextricably linked with particular histories, life
possibilities, and social trajectories of individuals and groups. Active, successful
learners in the 21st century global society must be able to (1) develop proficiency and
fluency with the tools of technology; (2) build intentional cross-cultural connections and
relationships with others so to pose and solve problems collaboratively and strengthen
independent thought; (3) design and share information for global communities to meet a
variety of purposes; (4) manage, analyze, and synthesize multiple streams of
simultaneous information; (5) create, critique, analyze, and evaluate multimedia texts;
and (6) attend to the ethical responsibilities required by these complex environments.
21st Century Literacy is more than just reading and writing. It is knowing how to
learn and know. Utilizing scientific research on cognition and meta-cognition, students
need to understand how the brain creates and uses subjective knowledge, and the
different processes that create objective knowledge. Students need to know how
concepts work to define and categorize knowledge, and how concepts can be organized
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into conceptual frameworks that interconnect facts into larger fields of knowledge
(Barber, 2012). Students need to be able to understand concepts as tools, which can be
used to solve real-world problems (Fish, 2011). Most importantly, students need to
recognize threshold concepts (Land, Meyer, & Smith, 2008), which enable new ways to
see and know the world. Two of the most important threshold concepts involve learning
to see writing as two separate tools: It is both a tool for thinking and knowing, and it is a
tool for communicating knowledge and persuading people to see the truth. Students
need to understand the theoretical purposes and the concrete practices of research,
thinking, and writing. Psychologists call this holistic understanding “meta-cognition,”
which means "thinking-about-thinking" and "thinking-about-doing." Such higher order
thinking enables us to better understand ourselves (both our strengths and limitations),
which then enables us to know better and perform better (Dunn, Saville, Baker, &
Marek, 2013). Students need to be able to do, not just know (Wenger, 1999).
MODULE OBJECTIVES
discuss concepts of globalization and multicultural literacy,
explain the dimensions of multiculturalism,
display skill in the use of Mother Tongue, Filipino and English to convey ideas,
use technology as a tool for communication, research, and creation of new
works,
evaluate and use digital tools and resources that match the work they are doing,
and;
find relevant and reliable sources that meet their needs.
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE (Pre-Test)
Before moving on to this module, let us discover first on how greater you’re learning in
this topic.
Part I. Answer the following questions briefly. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
[Link] is defined as the state of being able to read and write.
a) Literature
b) Analysis
c) Literacy
d) Comprehension
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[Link] is the ability to understand the meaning of what is being read.
a) comprehension literacy
b) numeric
c) functional literacy
d) basic Literacy
[Link] is the ability to read written materials needed to perform everyday vocational tasks.
a) numeric literacy
b) Functional literacy
c) Comprehension literacy
d) Basic literacy
4. An attitude of significant interaction with someone from different culture is governed
by the principal of "he/she wants something, and I want something
a) Be selfless
b) Be willing to compromise
c) Accept that there are limits
d) know that good and useful things can come from those different from us.
[Link] is the shift in the definition of traditional literacy to modern view of literacy?
a) knowledge to practice
b) create to reading
c) Reading and writing to knowledge
d) Reading to communicate
[Link] discusses how our increasing ability to communicate with almost anyone, anywhere
in real time.
a) Social and financial literacy
b) Critical literacy
c) Media and cyber literacy
d) Globalization and Multicultural literacy
[Link] explores the need for the ability to navigate our own social networks.
a) Critical literacy
b) Globalization and multicultural literacy
c) Social and financial literacy
d) Media and cyber literacy
[Link] explores the emerging need to locate, verify and ultimately manage online
information.
a) Globalization and multicultural literacy
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b) Social and financial literacy
c) Critical literacy
d) Media and cyber literacy
[Link] explores the emerging demands for knowing how to manage the natural resources
effectively and substantially.
a) eco-literacy and creative literacy
b) social literacy
c) Critical literacy
d) media and cyber literacy
[Link] addresses the increasing need to discern the underlying messages behind the new
"texts" of the 21st Century.
a) eco-literacy and creative literacy
b) critical literacy
c) media and cyber literacy
d) social literacy
Part 2. Essay
1. What are the issues in teaching and learning multicultural literacy in the
Philippines?
2. What are the ways on how to help teachers be more multicultural in their
pedagogies?
3. As future teacher, how will you teach children cultural awareness?
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II. Lesson Proper
A. Globalization and Multicultural literacy
The OECD GLOBAL Competence framework
1. Globalization
2. Multiculturalism
3. Intercultural communication
A. MULTICULTURAL & GLOBAL LITERACY
The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide
study by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in
member and non-member nations intended to evaluate educational systems by
measuring 15-year-old school pupils' scholastic performance on mathematics, science,
and reading. It was first performed in 2000 and then repeated every three years. Its aim
is to provide comparable data with a view to enabling countries to improve their
education policies and outcomes. It measures problem solving and cognition.
What is Multicultural Literacy?
Multicultural Literacy consists of the skills and ability to identify the creators of
knowledge and their interests (Banks, 1996), to uncover the assumptions of knowledge,
to view knowledge from diverse ethnic and cultural perspective, and to use knowledge
to guided action that will create a humane and just world (Boutte, 2008). Multicultural
Literacy then, brings attention to diversity, equity, and social justice to foster cultural
awareness by addressing difficult issues like discrimination and oppression towards
other ethnicities (Boutte, 2008). According to Boutte (2008) education for multicultural
literacy should help students to develop the 21st century skills and attitudes that are
needed to become active citizens who will work towards achieving social justice within
our communities. Because of the growing racial, language and ethnic diversity in our
country, Multicultural Literacy needs to be transformed in substantial ways to prepare
students to function effectively in the 21st Century (Boutte, 2008).
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Globalization
Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the
world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in
goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.
Countries have built economic partnerships to facilitate these movements over many
centuries. But the term gained popularity after the Cold War in the early 1990s, as these
cooperative arrangements shaped modern everyday life. Globalization is defined in a
variety of ways depending on the circumstances. In general, it refers to the opening of
local and nationalistic perspectives to a broader outlook of an interconnected and inter-
dependent world with the free flow of capital, goods, and services across national
frontiers. This can be interpreted as meaning the integration of world politics,
economies, and cultures from one country or countries upon another country or
countries. This integration also includes and is not limited to countries' political, cultural,
educational, and perhaps religious views. In practical terms it can also refer to the
relinquishing of any trade barriers or tariffs that results in uninhibited economic
development across all countries. Globalization in this context often refers to the idea
that instead of having many different markets, all the world is one gigantic market.
Effects of Globalization
Globalization has both positive and negative effects. On an individual level,
globalization affects both the standard of life and the quality of life. On a business level,
globalization affects an organization's product life cycle and an organization's balance
sheet. Globalization also affects how governments throughout the world create policies
affecting areas such as monetary regulation and trade. Global competence is the
capacity to examine local, global, and intercultural issues, to understand and appreciate
the perspectives and world views of others, to engage in open, appropriate, and
effective interactions with people from different cultures, and to act for collective well-
being and sustainable development.
This definition outlines four target dimensions of global competence that people need to
apply successfully in their everyday life:
1. the capacity to examine issues and situations of local, global, and cultural
significance (e.g. poverty, economic interdependence, migration, inequality,
environmental risks, conflicts, cultural differences, and stereotypes);
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2. the capacity to understand and appreciate different perspectives and world
views;
3. the ability to establish positive interactions with people of different national,
ethnic, religious, social, or cultural backgrounds or gender; and
4. the capacity and disposition to take constructive action toward sustainable
development and collective well-being.
Multiculturalism
"Multiculturalism" is the co-existence of diverse cultures, where culture
includes racial, religious, or cultural groups and is manifested in customary behaviors,
cultural assumptions and values, patterns of thinking, and communicative styles. The
idea of multiculturalism in contemporary political discourse and in political philosophy
reflects a debate about how to understand and respond to the challenges associated
with cultural diversity based on ethnic, national, and religious differences. The term
“multicultural” is often used as a descriptive term to characterize the fact of diversity in a
society, but in what follows, the focus is on multiculturalism as a normative ideal in the
context of Western liberal democratic societies. While the term has come to encompass
a variety of normative claims and goals, it is fair to say that proponents of
multiculturalism find common ground in rejecting the ideal of the “melting pot” in which
members of minority groups are expected to assimilate into the dominant culture.
Instead, proponents of multiculturalism endorse an ideal in which members of minority
groups can maintain their distinctive collective identities and practices. In the case of
immigrants, proponents emphasize that multiculturalism is compatible with, not opposed
to, the integration of immigrants into society; multiculturalism policies provide fairer
terms of integration for immigrants.
Multicultural Communication
The Multicultural Communication concentration focuses on the dynamics of
communication across cultures. It explores not only what happens when people of two
different cultures meet, but also what happens when people from a variety of cultures
and ethnicities come together in one organization, community, or country. This
concentration will be of interest to those who work with international and multiethnic
corporations and to public service personnel serving individuals from a variety of
backgrounds and cultural traditions.
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B. SOCIAL LITERACY
1. Social cognition and social skills
2. Emotional intelligence
3. People skills
Social cognition means different things to different people. Most generally,
social cognition is defined as any cognitive process that involves other people. These
processes can be involved in social interactions at a group level or on a one-to-one
basis. When we use the term cognition, we refer to unconscious mechanisms in the
mind (the brain) that bring about representations (a neural implementation of
experience). We can be consciously aware of these representations but mostly we are
unaware of them. We know for instance that our own perspective and the perspective of
another person on the same event can be quite different. However, when we act in
everyday life, we often have to judge other people's perspectives implicitly, which
occasionally leads to misinterpretation of others’ actions as insults if we are not made
aware of the different viewpoint
What is Social Literacy and why is it important?
Social Literacy is a student successful performance and understanding of social
Skills, organizational skills, and communication skills. It is the student’s ability to
connect effectively with those around them. Social literacy spans across interacting with
peers, family, co-workers, teachers, and even people we may not have met face to face.
Social literacy is so crucial in a person’s success. The ability to communicate and
voice opinions and thoughts, as well as listening to opinions and thoughts of others, is
essential in learning. Firmly grasping social cues and norms is extremely beneficial. In
literally every single setting of our lives, school, home, work, clubs, and activities,
interacting with people (whether face to face or behind technology), we use our social
literacy. We play so many roles every day and we socially need to understand how to
play those roles appropriately
Social skills refer to a wide group of abilities that allow us to interact and
communicate with others. Children learn how to solve social situations by predicting and
understanding other's behaviors. The way in which humans learn to interact
successfully with others encompasses a complex interaction between neural,
behavioral, and environmental elements. These have a role in the accomplishment of
positive developmental outcomes, including peer acceptance, academic achievement,
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and mental health. All these social abilities depend on widespread brain networks that
are recently being studied by neuroscience. In this paper, we will first review the studies
on this topic, aiming to clarify the behavioral and neural mechanisms related to the
acquisition of social skills during infancy and their appearance in time. Second, we will
briefly describe how developmental diseases like Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) can
inform about the neurobiological mechanisms of social skills. We finally sketch a
general framework for the elaboration of cognitive models in order to facilitate the
comprehension of human social development.
Emotional Intelligence
What Is Emotional Intelligence?
Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to identify and manage one’s own
emotions, as well as the emotions of others. Emotional intelligence is generally said to
include at least three skills: emotional awareness, or the ability to identify and name
one’s own emotions; the ability to harness those emotions and apply them to tasks like
thinking and problem solving; and the ability to manage emotions, which includes both
regulating one’s own emotions when necessary and helping others to do the same
Emotional intelligence (otherwise known as emotional quotient or EQ) is the
ability to understand, use, and manage your own emotions in positive ways to relieve
stress, communicate effectively, empathize with others, overcome challenges, and
defuse conflict. Emotional intelligence helps you build stronger relationships, succeed at
school, and work, and achieve your career and personal goals. It can also help you to
connect with your feelings, turn intention into action, and make informed decisions
about what matters most to you
Emotional intelligence is commonly defined by four attributes:
1. Self-management – You’re able to control impulsive feelings and behaviors,
manage your emotions in healthy ways, take initiative, follow through on
commitments, and adapt to changing circumstances.
2. Self-awareness – You recognize your own emotions and how they affect your
thoughts and behavior. You know your strengths and weaknesses, and have
self-confidence.
3. Social awareness – You have empathy. You can understand the emotions,
needs, and concerns of other people, pick up on emotional cues, feel
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comfortable socially, and recognize the power dynamics in a group or
organization.
4. Relationship management – You know how to develop and maintain good
relationships, communicate clearly, inspire and influence others, work well in a
team, and manage conflict.
Why is emotional intelligence so important?
As we know, it’s not the smartest people who are the most successful or the
most fulfilled in life. You probably know people who are academically brilliant and yet
are socially inept and unsuccessful at work or in their personal relationships. Intellectual
ability or your intelligence quotient (IQ) isn’t enough on its own to achieve success in
life. Yes, your IQ can help you get into college, but it’s your EQ that will help you
manage the stress and emotions when facing your final exams. IQ and EQ exist in
tandem and are most effective when they build off one another
Understanding the Five Categories of Emotional Intelligence (EQ)
1. Self-awareness. The ability to recognize an emotion as it “happens” is the key
to your EQ. Developing self-awareness requires tuning in to your true feelings. If
you evaluate your emotions, you can manage them.
2. Self-regulation. You often have little control over when you experience
emotions. You can, however, have some say in how long an emotion will last by
using a number of techniques to alleviate negative emotions such as anger,
anxiety, or depression. A few of these techniques include recasting a situation in
a more positive light, taking a long walk and meditation or prayer.
3. Motivation. To motivate yourself for any achievement requires clear goals and
a positive attitude. Although you may have a predisposition to either a positive or
a negative attitude, you can with effort and practice learn to think more positively.
If you catch negative thoughts as they occur, you can reframe them in more
positive terms — which will help you achieve your goals.
4. Empathy. The ability to recognize how people feel is important to success in
your life and career. The more skillful you are at discerning the feelings behind
others’ signals the better you can control the signals you send them.
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5. Social skills. The development of good interpersonal skills is tantamount to
success in your life and career. In today’s always-connected world, everyone has
immediate access to technical knowledge. Thus, “people skills” are even more
important now because you must possess a high EQ to better understand,
empathize and negotiate with others in a global economy
People skills
People skills are, in short, the various attributes and competencies that allow one
to play well with others. But more often than not, these attributes come in the form of
effective, accurate and persuasive communication. People skills are patterns of
behavior and behavioral interactions. Among people, it is an umbrella term for skills
under three related set of abilities: personal effectiveness, interaction skills, and
intercession skills. This is an area of exploration about how a person behaves and how
they are perceived irrespective of their thinking and feeling. It is further elaborated as
dynamics between personal ecology (cognitive, affective, physical, and spiritual
dimensions) and its function with other people's personality styles in numerous
environments (life event's, institution's, life challenges...etc.). British dictionary definition
is "the ability to communicate effectively with people in a friendly way, especially in
business" or personal effectiveness skills. In business it is a connection among people
in a humane level to achieve productivity.
Portland Business Journal describes people skills as:
1. Ability to effectively communicate, understand, and empathize.
2. Ability to interact with others respectfully and develop productive working
relationship to minimize conflict and maximize rapport.
3. Ability to build sincerity and trust; moderate behaviors (less impulsive) and
enhance agreeableness.
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III. Summary
POST-ACTIVITY
I.
II.
POST-TEST
Before this lesson ends let’s test how well do you remember our lesson. Choose the
Letter of the Correct Answer.
Part I. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer in the provided space
before the number.
Part II.
Answer Key Post Test:
IV. References
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Internet Sources
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements of the Course
PROFED 110
BUILDING AND ENHANCING NEW LITERACIES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM
2nd Semester 2023-2024
Prepared by:
Submitted to:
Evelyn U. Roma Cruz
Instructor
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