EXERCISE

What are the parts of ecosystems?

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What happens if one part of a system is damaged or missing?
A. The system will stop working entirely.
B. The system will not work as well.
C. The system will work better than before.
2. Which of the following is an example of an input in a bicycle system?
A. The rider’s activity.
B. The dust from the tires.
C. The bicycle’s handlebars.
3. Which of the following best describes a system?
A. A group of living parts working separately.
B. A group of parts that work together to do a job.
C. A group of nonliving parts working independently.
Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: outputs, inputs, damaged, missing
1. A system will not work as well if any part is ___________ or ___________.
2. Most ecosystems need ___________ coming into the system.
3. ___________ are things leaving the system.

ECOSYSTEMS:
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What is an ecosystem?
A. Only the living things in an environment.
B. Only the nonliving things in an environment.
C. All of the living and nonliving things in an environment and how they interact.
2. Which of the following is a nonliving part of an ecosystem?
A. Bacteria B. Soil C. Fungi
3. Which of the following is true about ecosystems?
A. They can only be large areas like deserts.
B. They consist of living things only.
C. They can be as small as a rotting cactus.
Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: living, interact, nonliving, large
1. An ecosystem is all of the ___________ and ___________ things in an environment.
2. An ecosystem can be as ___________ as a desert or as small as a rotting cactus.
3. An ecosystem is how living and nonliving things ___________ with each other.

Kinds of ecosystems
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. Which of the following organisms can store water to survive in the desert?
A. Roadrunner B. Giant saguaro cactus C. Prairie chicken
2. What is a characteristic of a tundra?
A. Warm and wet all year B. Ground frozen all year C. Covered in tall grasses
 3. Which ecosystem has the most species of plants and animals?
A. Desert B. Tropical rain forest C. Grasslands
4. Which of the following animals can be found in grasslands?
A. Caribou B. Squirrel C. Bison
5. What do forests have more of compared to grasslands?
A. Wildflowers B. Rainfall C. Cactuses
Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: water, frozen, dry, rainfall, desert, plants, tall, animals,
adaptations, tundra
1. A ___________ is the driest ecosystem.
2. In a ___________ ecosystem, the ground stays ___________ all year long.
3. Desert ___________ have ___________ to help them survive in a ___________ environment.
4. Grasslands are covered with ___________ grasses and receive moderate ___________.
5. Forests get more ___________ than grasslands and have many ___________ and ___________.
6. The giant saguaro cactus can store ___________ until the next rainfall.

Organisms and their environment

Bài tập trắc nghiệm:
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What is a population?
A. All the organisms in an ecosystem
B. One species of organisms that live in a part of an ecosystem
C. The place where an organism lives
2. Which of the following is an example of a plant population in the desert?
A. Prairie dogs B. Barrel cactuses C. Gambel's quail
3. What makes up a community in an ecosystem?
A. Only plant populations
B. Different populations living together in the same area
C. One population living in isolation

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: habitat, water, space, predators, species, community
1. A population is one ___________ of organisms that live in a part of an ecosystem.
2. The size of a population depends on how much ___________, food, and ___________ there is.
3. Different populations can live together and make up a ___________.
4. A ___________ is where an organism lives within an ecosystem.
5. The Gambel’s quail hides from ___________ near shrubs in the Sonoran desert.

SPECIAL ROLES:
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What is a niche?
A. The place where an organism lives
B. The job an organism has in its habitat
C. A type of food an organism eats
 2. Which of the following is part of a hummingbird’s niche?
A. Hunting scorpions and snakes
B. Eating nectar and small insects
C. Hiding from coyotes
3. How does a roadrunner avoid its enemies?
A. It sits on tall plants
B. It flies away
C. It runs away from them

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: niche, enemies, population, different, insects, food
1. Every organism has a job to do in its habitat. This job is called its ___________.
2. A niche includes the ___________ the organism eats and how it gets it.
3. Every ___________ in a habitat has a ___________ niche.
4. The Lucifer hummingbird eats small ___________, spiders, and nectar from plants.
5. The roadrunner’s niche is to hunt scorpions, lizards, and snakes, and it runs away from its
___________, such as the coyote.

HOW DOES ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS?

Chọn từ với đáp án đúng
1. What is the main energy source for life on Earth?
A. The Moon B. Water C. The Sun
2. What do green plants do during photosynthesis?
A. Consume energy from animals
B. Change energy from the Sun into chemical energy
C. Release carbon dioxide into the air
3. Which of the following organisms is considered a producer?
A. Herbivores B. Carnivores C. Green plants
4. What type of consumers eat both plants and animals?
A. Herbivores
B. Carnivores
C. Omnivores
5. What are scavengers?
A. Organisms that eat only plants
B. Organisms that eat only animals
C. Consumers that eat dead plants and animals
Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: energy, consumers, scavengers, food, photosynthesis
1. The main energy source for life on Earth is the Sun, and during ___________, green plants change
energy from the Sun into chemical ___________.
2. Plants are called producers because they make their own ___________.
3. Many organisms cannot make their own ___________ and must eat other organisms.
4. Consumers are organisms that eat other living things, and some of them are called ___________.
5. Herbivores get ___________ by eating plants, while carnivores eat animals.
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What do mountain lions have that helps them catch their prey?
A. Sharp beaks
B. Claws and sharp teeth
C. Four-part stomachs
2. Which of the following is true about herbivores like deer?
A. They have claws for catching prey.
B. They have teeth for tearing leaves off plants.
C. They have sharp beaks for tearing meat.
3. What is one adaptation of scavengers like turkey vultures?
A. They have four-part stomachs.
B. They have sharp beaks for tearing meat.
C. They have claws for catching prey.

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: adaptations, claws, herbivores, teeth, scavengers
1. Organisms may have different ___________ to help them survive in their niche.
2. Some carnivores, such as mountain lions, have ___________ to help them catch their prey.
3. Mountain lions have sharp ___________ for eating their prey.
4. ___________ such as deer do not need to catch their food and have teeth for tearing leaves off
plants.
5. Some ___________, such as turkey vultures, tear meat with their sharp beaks.

Small Things That Make a Big Difference

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What would happen if an ecosystem only had producers and consumers?
A. There would be no sunlight for plants
B. Nutrients in the soil would eventually be used up
C. Plants would grow without any problem
2. What are decomposers?
A. Organisms that produce food
B. Organisms that eat other living things
C. Organisms that eat waste and remains of dead plants and animals
3. How do decomposers help the ecosystem?
A. They provide sunlight for producers
B. They break down remains into minerals and nutrients
C. They help animals find food

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: nutrients, decomposers, fungi, soil, producers
1. Decomposers are organisms that eat the waste and remains of dead plants and animals, breaking
them down into minerals and ___________.
 2. Mushrooms are a type of ___________, and they act as ___________ in the ecosystem.
3. The ___________ in the ___________ is affected by the activities of decomposers.
4. Living plants take in the minerals and nutrients, which are then passed to animals that eat the
___________.
5. Anything that affects ___________ can also affect the ___________ and consumers in the
ecosystem.

A FOOD WEB
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What is a food web?
A. A single food chain
B. A system of overlapping food chains
C. A group of producers
2. Which animals compete for black-tailed jackrabbits in a desert ecosystem?
A. Coyotes and roadrunners
B. Coyotes and mountain lions
C. Mountain lions and rattlesnakes
3. How fast can a roadrunner run?
A. 15 kilometers per hour
B. 20 kilometers per hour
C. 25 kilometers per hour

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: prey, predators, pollution, changes, directions
1. A food web is a system of overlapping food chains where energy moves in many ___________.
2. ___________ often eat more than one kind of prey.
3. In a desert ecosystem, coyotes and mountain lions compete for the same ___________.
4. A food web can change any time the size of a population ___________.
5. Hunting, storms, ___________, and disease can also change a food web.

How does matter flow in ecosystems?

Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What kind of ecosystem is covered with water or has water near the top of the soil?
A. Forests
B. Wetlands
C. Grasslands
2. What is a large producer in the Okefenokee Swamp?
A. Bald cypress tree
B. Roadrunner
C. Collared peccary
3. How tall can some bald cypress trees grow?
A. 10 meters
 B. 30 meters
C. 50 meters

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: algae, nutrients, photosynthesis, wetlands, herbivores
1. ___________ are ecosystems where water is covering the soil or is near the top of the soil.
2. Single-celled ___________ are small producers that carry out ___________ in the Okefenokee
Swamp.
3. Plants take in ___________ from the soil and gases from the air.
4. ___________ eat plants to get the matter and energy they need.
5. The matter and energy pass to carnivores that eat the ___________
Decay in ecosystems
Chọn đáp án đúng nhất:
1. What does a food chain show?
A. How predators hunt their prey
B. How matter and energy flow through an ecosystem
C. How plants grow in different environments
2. What type of organism is the great blue heron?
A. Producer
B. Herbivore
C. Consumer
3. Which of the following animals is an omnivore?
A. Sandhill crane
B. Osprey
C. Great blue heron

Bài tập điền từ:

Điền từ vào chỗ trống. Các từ cho trước: zooplankton, omnivore, prey, algae, carnivore
1. Single-celled ___________ take in sunlight and matter from their environment.
2. ___________ feed on algae and are eaten by other animals like freshwater snails.
3. The sandhill crane is an ___________; it eats many different things, including seeds, berries, and
fish.
4. The great blue heron eats mollusks and amphibians, making it a ___________.
5. Freshwater snails are consumers, and they are ___________ of the great blue heron.