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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The shift from traditional "Push Cart" shopping to the digital realm of "Add to

Cart" has become increasingly relevant as technology reshapes the retail landscape.

For senior high school students, who are digital natives accustomed to online platforms,

understanding their preferences between these two modes of shopping is crucial for

retailers seeking to capture their attention and loyalty. However, the dynamics driving

their choices between physical ng senior high school students and its implications for

retailers.

In the ever-evolving landscape of consumer behavior, understanding the

preferences and habits of distinct demographic groups is paramount for businesses and

marketers alike (Solomon, 2019). Among these groups, senior high school students

represent a significant segment with their unique perspectives and purchasing patterns.

As digital technologies continue to reshape the retail landscape, investigating the

shopping preferences of this demographic sheds light on emerging trends and

opportunities for both online and offline retailers (Smith & Brynjolfsson, 2019).

Before delving into the complexities of their shopping behaviors, it is pertinent to

define the terms "Add to Cart" and "Push Cart" within the context of this research. "Add

to Cart" refers to the action taken by consumers in online shopping platforms to include

items they wish to purchase into their virtual shopping cart for later checkout
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(Varadarajan & Yadav, 2019). Conversely, "Push Cart" signifies the traditional method

of physically pushing a cart in a brick-and-mortar store while selecting items for

purchase (Verhoef et al., 2019). Understanding these terms sets the stage for exploring

the nuances of shopping preferences among senior high school students.

This research endeavors to delve into the intricacies of the "Add to Cart/Push

Cart" dilemma among senior high school students, exploring factors influencing their

shopping decisions, their preferred shopping channels, and the implications for retailers

aiming to capture this lucrative market segment. By unraveling the complexities of their

shopping behaviors, this study aims to provide valuable insights for businesses to tailor

their strategies and offerings to effectively engage with this demographic.

Locally, discontinue their association with the product or service (Chung and

Shin, 2010). In an online environment, customer satisfaction is one of essential keys,

leading to the increasing customer retention, and long-term growth of online stores

(Chen et al., 2012) and intention to repurchase (Yiu et al., 2007). Hence, in regards to

the online environment, customer satisfaction plays a considerable role in the decision-

making for online shoppers and increasing repetitive purchases (Gupta and Kim, 2010).

To improve business performance and increase the level of consumer satisfaction,

online retailers should have a clear and deep understanding of the antecedents of

consumer satisfaction in the online environment In the Philippines today, the shopping

scenario has changed and online shopping has started registering its presence in the

market.
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Owing to mushrooming of myriad of internet shop portals, the competition has also

increased manifold. Though online shopping activity is visible everywhere, especially in

metro cities, it is still in the state of infancy in the Philippines. According to e- Commerce

Asia, as reported by Philippine E- commerce landscape in 2017, the Philippines E-

Commerce market in 2015 was estimated at US$0.5 billion which translates to only 0.5

percent of retail transactions in the country. This market is estimated to grow into a

US$10 billion industry by 2025.

In Davao City, online shopping among local residents has been getting some

attention. Local shoppers have some feelings of inclination towards online shopping

because of the convenience it has offered to the buying consumers. However, there is

still some degree of doubt in the security of transaction in online shopping. (Santos,

2019).

The Philippines' e-commerce industry is mostly driven by the younger population,

particularly the Millennials. The younger age has a tendency to adapt and embrace new

advances more quickly, so this is not surprising. The most recent Statista report,

published in June 2023, confirms this. According to their survey, 35.6% of Filipino online

consumers are between the ages of 25 and 34. Furthermore, 29.3% of Filipino internet

buyers are between the ages of 18 and 24. 64.9% of all shoppers belong to these

younger generations collectively. In contrast, only 11% of online shoppers were

between the ages of 45 and 54. Furthermore, 24% of Filipino internet buyers are

between the ages of 35 and 44. The Philippines' internet purchasing habits reveal a lot

about the age groups to which you should target your sales and marketing campaigns.
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To make campaigns that are more appealing and successful, you must comprehend the

preferences, requirements, and expectations of each age group. (Be Global, 2023)

Customers place a higher value on the comfort and convenience of home shoppi

ng than on other factors. In December 2021, almost 2,000 adults in the Philippines who

were at least eighteen years old were surveyed about their beliefs and behaviors related

to year-end buying. Seventy-nine percent of year-end shoppers reported making

purchases online, compared to sixty-seven percent who said they made their purchases

in-store. Mobile grew by 13 percentage points to 76% as a discovery channel for Gen X

and Baby Boomers. Almost seven out of ten consumers who responded to the study

said they would spend the same amount of money or more this year after learning about

and using social media platforms for shopping. (THEPHILBIZNEWS, 2024)

Customers place a higher value on the comfort and convenience of home shoppi

ng than on other factors. Even if the study shows that consumers prefer to purchase

necessities and well-known goods online, 77% of them still prefer to shop in-store for

unknown products. This tendency implies that the convenience of online purchasing

cannot match the tactile experience and sensory appeal of in-store shopping. (Philstar,

2023)

Globally, according (Koen van Gelder, 2023) to Consumer preference for online

shopping varies greatly per product category. When it came to holidays and

entertainment purchases, 72 percent of respondents to a global 2023 survey preferred

to shop online vs. offline. The most popular FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods)
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category for online shopping was tech, as 54 percent of consumers preferred to shop

consumer electronics online.

Online shops focus their marketing techniques on the impulsive buying that

occurs as a result of trends, which has contributed to the steady increase in online sales

in the US. "Online shopping is growing so fast that the global online shopping market

size is predicted to hit 4 trillion in 2020. And in the US alone, we're expecting to have

300 million online shoppers in 2023" (Ouellette, 2020, p. 4).

As technology advanced, the emergence of catalog shopping allowed individuals

to order items by phone or mail, and later through online platforms. However, the shift

towards e-commerce truly accelerated with the rise of the internet in the late 20th

century, transforming the way people shop by offering the convenience of browsing and

purchasing from the comfort of their homes. This evolution marked a significant

transition from the traditional in-store shopping experience. (BIGCOMMERCE, 2024)

Different surveys show various traits of shoppers who prefer buying from home

or non-store options. Catalog shoppers like convenience and fun, while non-store

customers are often younger, adventurous, and value recreation. Those who buy online

prioritize time-saving and convenience, but many still prefer in-store shopping for the

ability to see, touch, and try items. Overall, those who prioritize ease of use are more

inclined to shop online, while those who prefer physical interaction tend to shop in

stores. About 51.4% of past 30-day Internet users were men, and 79% of men made

online purchases compared to 70% of women. Moreover, 80% of high-income ($75K+)

users made online purchases, while only 65% of low-income ($35K or less) users did
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so. However, the study didn't provide significance tests for these numbers, leading to a

need for further investigation into online buyer demographics. (Maratha G. Rusell, 1999)

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the levels of Add to cart or Push Cart: Shopping

Preferences among senior high school students in in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc.

[Link] is the demographic profile of senior high school students of Saint Helena

Garden College and Technology Inc. in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Weekly Allowance

1.3 Sex

1.4 Location

[Link] is the level of Add to Cart or Push Cart Shopping Preferences Among Senior

High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc?

2.1 Accessibility

2.2 Convenience

2.3 Cost of the Product

2.4 Quality of the Product

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Hypothesis

H There is a significant relationship between the demographic profile of the participants

and the shopping preferences among senior high school students in Saint Helena

Garden College and Technology.

Theoritical Framework

This study is anchored to particular theories:

Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by Icek Ajzen (1985). This theory suggests that

attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control influence individuals'

intentions and behaviors. In the context of shopping preferences, it could help

understand how seniors' attitudes towards online shopping versus traditional shopping,

societal norms influencing their choices, and their perceived control over the shopping

process impact their decision-making.

Social Identity Theory (SIT) by Tajfel and Turner (1986). This theory suggests that

individuals' social identities, including demographic characteristics such as age, gender,

and socioeconomic status, influence their behavior and preferences. In the context of

senior high school students' shopping preferences, SIT could help explore how factors

like gender, income level, and geographic location affect their inclination towards online

shopping (add to cart) versus in-store shopping. For example, senior high school

students from urban areas with higher disposable incomes might prefer online shopping
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due to convenience and access to technology, while those from rural areas with limited

internet access might prefer in-store shopping. Understanding these demographic

influences can provide valuable insights into designing targeted marketing strategies

and tailored shopping experiences for senior high school students

Consumer Socialization Theory by George P. Moschis, Gilbert A. Churchill (1978).

This theory focuses on how individuals acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills relevant

to their role as consumers through social interactions and experiences. In the context of

senior high school students' shopping preferences, Consumer Socialization Theory

could help explore how factors such as family influences, peer interactions, and media

exposure shape their attitudes and behaviors towards add-to-cart (online) and in-store

shopping. For instance, if senior high school students come from families that prioritize

online shopping and provide them with early exposure to e-commerce platforms, they

may be more inclined towards add-to-cart shopping. Conversely, if they have peers who

prefer traditional in-store shopping experiences, they may be influenced to follow suit.

Understanding these socialization processes can provide insights into the underlying

motivations driving senior high school students' shopping preferences.

Significance of the Study

The result of the study will merit and will be beneficial to the following:

Students - Being the respondents of this study, the findings of this will help the students

to be knowledgeable about the factors that are highly influencing their preference in

shopping.
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Teachers - Entrepreneurship teachers should incorporate courses on the fundamentals

of both in-person and online shopping so that the learners are aware of the positive and

negative impacts of buying and also understand their shopping preferences.

Parents. Parents can set a budget for their weekly allowances. This teaches them

financial responsibility and helps them prioritize their spending. Parents can also

discuss the importance of comparing prices and looking for deals to make the most of

their allowance when shopping.

Sellers - The findings of the study will serve as an eye-opener on why consumers are

or are not satisfied with their products/services offered and will make them use varied,

appropriate, and successful marketing strategies to make their customers satisfied.

Young adults - The findings will help to investigate the balance between online and in-

store shopping. It will help them understand the reasons behind their preference, such

as convenience, pricing, or the desire for a tactile experience and assess their interest

in sustainable and ethical shopping practices.

Future researchers - The result of this study can serve as the basis for further study

about online shopping attributes and students’ satisfaction. This study would also

provide relevant information about student’s preferences. This study will encourage

other researchers to conduct similar studies on wider scope and include variables that

are not covered in this study.

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Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 shows the independent variable is Add to cart that serves also as the

indicator of the variable; while figure 2 shows the dependent variable is push cart that

will also serve as the indicator of dependent variable.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Demographic Profile of the

Shopping Preferences: Add to
Participants
Cart or Push Cart
Age
Accessibility
Sex
Convenience
Weekly Allowance
Cost of the Products
Location
Quality of the Products

Figure 1. A conceptual paradigm that shows the relationship of the variables

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Scope and Delimitation

The respondents of this study are limited only to the 60 random senior high

school students from Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc. Determining

the levels of add to cart and push cart as a shopping preference of the students was the

focus of this study. The information needed will be gathered by doing data gathering

and conclusions drawn from this study were obtained only for this particular group of

respondents.

Definition of Terms

In deciphering the terminologies used in this study following a defined

operationally.

Age - This is a measure of the time someone or something has existed since birth,

creation, or inception. It is often expressed in years.

Location - This refers to a specific point or area in physical space, often described by

coordinates, addresses, or landmarks, where something or someone is situated or can

be found.

Preference for in-store shopping - This refers to a person’s penchant for a mode of

shopping that allows the customers to visit and purchase from a physical store

measured in terms of product, promotion, price, place, people and process

Preference for online shopping - This refers to a person’s penchant for a mode of

shopping that allows the customer to purchase through online stores measured in terms

of product, promotion, price, place, people and process.

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Sex - This refers to the biological attributes that categorize individuals as male or

female, typically based on reproductive anatomy and genetics. Gender, on the other

hand, is a social and cultural construct that encompasses roles, behaviors, and

expectations associated with being male or female in a particular society.

Shopping preferences - Thus refer to the specific choices and inclinations individuals

have when it comes to purchasing goods or services. These preferences encompass a

variety of factors, including where and how someone likes to shop, the types of products

or brands they favor, and the considerations that influence their buying decisions.

Shopping preferences are often shaped by personal habits, lifestyle, values, and the

overall shopping experience individuals seek.

Weekly Allowance - An allowance is money that is given to someone, usually on

a regular basis, in order to help them pay for the things that they need.
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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

In the past, before the widespread adoption of online shopping, people primarily

relied on physical retail stores for their purchases. These stores were often department

stores, specialty shops, or local markets. Shoppers would visit these establishments to

explore products, compare prices, and make their selections in person.

Students exhibit a range of shopping preferences, often guided by practical

considerations and a budget-conscious mindset. Affordability takes precedence, with

students actively seeking out deals and discounts to make the most of their limited

financial resources. The convenience of online shopping resonates well with this

demographic, providing them access to a diverse array of products without the need for

extensive physical store visits. Technological solutions, such as shopping apps and

websites, align with the tech-savvy nature of students, streamlining the entire shopping

process. Quick and hassle-free transactions are highly valued, reflecting the busy

schedules of students. Additionally, there's a growing awareness of environmental

issues, leading some students to prioritize sustainable and eco-friendly choices. In

terms of product preferences, versatility and multi-functionality appeal to those

navigating smaller living spaces like dorm rooms. Fashion-conscious students often

seek trendy clothing options at affordable prices, exploring thrift stores and budget-

friendly fashion outlets to stay in style without breaking the bank. Understanding and

accommodating these diverse preferences can significantly enhance the shopping

experience for the student demographic.

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Age

The impact of aging on consumer behavior has been the subject of much

research in recent years. Studies have shown that aging significantly affects consumer

behavior, including changes in consumer preferences, attitudes, and decision-making

processes. One significant aspect of consumer behavior influenced by aging is how

individuals process information. As people age, their cognitive processing abilities

decline, affecting their decision-making when purchasing products and services.

Another area of consumer behavior that is influenced by aging is product preferences.

Older consumers tend to have different product preferences compared to younger

consumers. (Colin Campbell, November 16, 2021)

Sex

Consumer demographics such as gender are important factors in determining

behavior of individuals towards online shopping. This study finds relationships between

gender and online shopping factors in Pakistan. With a survey sample of 286

respondents from various disciplines, exploratory factor analysis was used as an

extraction method on the items of the proposed latent variables. MANOVA was then

conducted to find gender differences among online shopping factors. Findings showed

that shopping patterns differed between genders due to the influence of online shopping

factors. (Ejaz Ahmed, 2016).

Weekly Allowance

Financial literacy plays a crucial role in shaping shopping behaviors among

students. According to Shim, Serido, and Tang (2012), individuals with higher financial
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literacy tend to make more informed decisions regarding their purchases,

including choosing between online and offline shopping methods. Weekly allowances

serve as a primary source of income for many students, influencing their spending

habits and preferences (Bruhn & Jaeger, 2015). Weekly allowances significantly impact

students' shopping preferences. A study by Roberts and Jones (2001) found that

individuals with higher disposable income tend to opt for online shopping due to its

convenience and accessibility. In contrast, those with limited allowances may prefer

offline shopping methods to closely monitor their expenditures (Norum, 2011).

Additionally, cultural factors and peer influence play a role in shaping students' shopping

behaviors (Ladhari, Souiden, & Ladhari, 2011).

Location

Location plays a significant role in influencing consumer behavior. Factors

such as the usage frequency and satisfaction with location-based advertising apps can

significantly influence purchase behavior. Retail location and its implications have been

widely studied, and different location models have been formulated to understand

consumer behavior and demand flows. Geographical research and consumer spatial

behavior have explored the relationship between consumer behavior and the spatial

structure of the retail environment. Understanding how consumers think, feel, and select

between different brands and products, as well as their influences from family, culture,

and media, improves marketing strategies. The built environment and the attributes of

the location, along with perceptions, preferences, attitudes, and sense of place,

contribute to the decision-making process and consumer behavior. (SCISPACE, 2024)

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Shopping Preferences

Every customer journey is unique, and each touchpoint within that journey is

an opportunity to provide a positive experience that can turn prospects into customers

and customers into brand loyalists. The customer journey, though not easily defined,

has typically covered key moments that take place between their initial awareness and

how they share their experience with others, but things have changed.

According by Shin (2007) evaluated that consumers cannot evaluate the real

quality of products while purchasing through online shopping so they refrain themselves

from purchasing through online shopping. To reduce uncertainty, customers want to

compare physical goods in supermarkets (Jiang & Balasubramanian, 2014).

Furthermore, accessibility is essential in marketing, according to several studies (Kacen

et al., 2013; Levin et al., 2005; Yu, .Niehm, & Russell, 2011).

We depend on conveniences, like shopping on our mobile phones, and because

of that, consumers have become extremely savvy and self-aware. It’s because of these

shifts that the consumer journey and marketing funnel have become inverted.

Understanding consumer shopping preferences is more important now than ever

before. With the increasing amount of digital noise, businesses are cutting right to the

chase and targeting more niche and specific audiences—often referred to as micro-

audiences. The more data-driven understanding you have about your consumers’

shopping preferences, the more targeted you can be in finding prospects that become

customers. (MikMak Marketing, April 22, 2020)

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Add to Cart

The add-to-cart button is a feature of e commerce stores that allows

customers to choose items to purchase without actually completing the payment. For

online stores, this button is often located on individual product pages or underneath an

item on a product collection page, functioning as the digital equivalent of a shopping

cart in a brick-and-mortar store.

As opposed to a “buy” button or a “buy now” button, the add-to-cart button allows

customers to save items to their cart so they can continue shopping, then complete the

checkout process later on in the process. This results in a more seamless shopping

experience for customers and allows shoppers to purchase multiple items at one time.

For business, this can help to both reduce churn risk and increase checkout

conversions. (Sara Heegaard, 2023)

Push Cart

Physical stores offer a unique, personalized shopping experience that

surpasses the benefits of online shopping. Customers can touch, feel, and try on

products before making a purchase, enhancing their buying confidence. This tactile

experience, such as fitting clothes or testing electronics in-store, allows customers to

make informed decisions based on their firsthand experience, enhancing their overall

shopping experience. Physical stores offer immediate assistance to customers through

knowledgeable staff who provide real-time answers and personalized advice. This

personalized service addresses concerns, offers expert advice, and offers product
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recommendations. Interacting with friendly staff adds value to the shopping experience,

building trust and fostering a positive relationship between the customer and the brand.

Physical stores offer customers the convenience of instant gratification, unlike online

shopping where customers wait for shipping and delivery.

This is especially beneficial for those who need products urgently or prefer

immediate possession. Physical stores cater to the desire for instant fulfillment, saving

customers time and eliminating the anticipation of delivery, making them an ideal choice

for last-minute gifts or immediate needs. Physical stores create a distinctive ambiance

through design, visuals, and music, enhancing the shopping experience. They align with

the brand's identity, conveying values and personality. Carefully curated layouts,

attractive displays, and aesthetics evoke emotions, leaving a memorable impression.

Lighting, color schemes, and scent marketing enhance the sensory experience,

reinforcing the brand's image. This tangible atmosphere sets the stage for a holistic

shopping journey. Physical stores offer a unique opportunity for social interaction,

allowing customers to engage in face-to-face conversations, share experiences, and

seek recommendations from other shoppers. This creates a sense of community and

fosters a connection with the brand and other customers. Customers can exchange

opinions, seek advice, and receive feedback, enhancing the shopping experience and

discovering new products.

Accessibility

In the contemporary retail landscape, the accessibility of shopping channels

plays a crucial role in shaping consumer preferences. This research review explores the
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factors influencing accessibility in online and in-store shopping and how they impact

consumer preferences. Websites and mobile apps are implementing accessibility

features such as screen readers, voice commands, and adjustable font sizes to

accommodate users with disabilities (W3C, 2018).

Accessibility needs of Consumers with disabilities may prioritize shopping

channels based on their specific accessibility needs, such as ease of navigation,

availability of assistance, and accommodation of assistive technologies (United Nations,

2006).

Time constraints for Busy schedules may influence shopping preferences, with

online shopping being favored for its time-saving attributes, while in-store shopping may

be preferred for its immediacy, Hassanein & Head (2007). Also trust and security

perceptions significantly impact shopping preferences, with some consumers feeling

more secure making purchases in-store due to concerns about online fraud and data

privacy (Jun et al., 2016).

Convenience

The convenience factor significantly influences consumers' choices between

online and in-store shopping. With the advent of e-commerce, consumer shopping

preferences have undergone significant changes. Research by Li and Zhang (2016)

found that convenience is a primary factor influencing the choice between online and in-

store shopping. Online shopping offers convenience in terms of time and location

flexibility. According to a study by Chen and Tan (2018), consumers appreciate the

ease of browsing and purchasing products online without the need to visit physical
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stores. On the other hand, in-store shopping provides tactile experiences and

immediate product access. Research by Dennis et al. (2019) highlights the importance

of sensory experiences, such as touching and trying on items, in influencing purchase

decisions. The future of shopping preferences is likely to be influenced by further

technological advancements, changes in consumer lifestyles, and shifts in retail

strategies. Researchers emphasize the need for continuous adaptation by retailers to

meet evolving consumer demands (Verhoef et al., 2019). Impact of Convenience on

Loyalty has a significant impact on customer loyalty and satisfaction. A study by Nguyen

and Mutum (2019) found that convenience attributes, such as ease of payment and

delivery options, positively influence repeat purchase intentions in both online and in-

store contexts.

Cost of the Product

Understanding the factors influencing consumers' shopping preferences,

particularly concerning the cost of products, Price Transparency and Comparison

one significant advantage of online shopping is the ease of price comparison across

multiple retailers. Li et al. (2019) found that consumers perceive online platforms to offer

greater price transparency compared to brick-and-mortar stores, enabling them to make

more informed purchasing decisions. This transparency often leads to a preference for

online shopping due to the perceived cost savings. Price Perception and Discounts

Research by Kim and Park (2018) suggests that consumers perceive online products to

be cheaper than those sold in physical stores, even if the actual prices are similar. This

perception is influenced by factors such as promotional discounts, free shipping offers,

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and the absence of sales taxes in some regions. Consequently, consumers may exhibit

a preference for online shopping due to the perception of lower costs.

Quality of the Product

The rise of e-commerce has transformed shopping by providing unmatched

convenience, but concerns about product quality persist, impacting consumer

preferences and behavior both online and in-store. Research by Li et al. (2019)

examined the perception of product quality among consumers in online and in-store

shopping environments. The study found that while online shopping offers convenience

and a wide range of choices, consumers often perceive products bought in-store as

having higher quality due to the ability to physically inspect items before purchase (Li et

al., 2019). Information transparency plays a crucial role in shaping consumer

perceptions of product quality. A study by Jiang et al. (2020) explored how the

availability of detailed product information online influences consumer confidence in the

quality of online purchases. The research revealed that consumers who have access to

comprehensive product descriptions and reviews are more likely to perceive online

products as being of comparable quality to those found in-store (Jiang et al., 2020).
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CHAPTER 3

METHOD

This chapter specifies and outlines the methods used in this research. It entails

information regarding the selection of participants and their sample size, the research

strategy, methods and approach, and data collection process with its type of data

analysis. The following information refines the study’s scope and limitations to a

scrutinized methodology level.

Research Design

The researchers made use of the quantitative survey design. This design used

to know the extent to which different conditions and situations of the study are obtained

among the respondents. The survey research refers to a particular type of research

design where the primary method of data collection is by survey. In this study design,

surveys are used as a tool by researchers to gain a greater understanding about

individual or group perspectives relative to a particular concept or topic of interest(Mill,

2024). In this research design the relationship was given a degree and a direction

through statistical analysis (Simon & Goes, 2017). The word survey signifies the

gathering of data regarding present conditions. A survey is useful in providing the value

of facts, and focusing attention on the most important things to be reported.

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Variables

The independent variable in this study is the demographic profile of the

respondents with the following indicators: age, weekly allowance, sex, locations, while

dependent variable in this study is shopping preferences of the respondents between

add to cart and push cart with the following indicators: accessibility, convenience, cost

of the product and qualit of the product.

Profile of the respondents

Table 1 shows the profile of the respondents by category where out of 60

respondents around 66.7 percent are female, and 33.3 percent.

Table 1

Profile of the Respondents by Sex

Sex Number Percent

Female 34 57%

Male 26 43%

Total Weighted Mean 60 100%

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Sampling Method

The research investigation used survey sampling method. A sampling method

refers to the way that observations are selected from a population to be in the sample

for a sample survey. For this study the researcher has selected thirty-four female and

twenty-six males for each category from Saint Helena Garden College and Technology

Inc. in Toril, Davao City.

Locale of the study

The study was conducted in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.

Toril, Davao City. The researcher chose this school for two reasons: the researchers

are student in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc., and less expense

because the respondents are also students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc.

Instrument

The data of this study were gathered through the use of the survey

questionnaire which was formulated and revised by the researchers. In this study, a

researcher-made instrument was used. One of the main purposes of this instrument is

to assess the 1st part of the questionnaire, the independent variable of the study which

focuses on gathering information about the demographic profile of the respondents in

terms of age, weekl allowance, sex and location. The 2nd part, the dependent variable

will also determine the level of shoping preferences in terms of 1. accessibility 2.

convenience and 3. cost of the product 4. quality of the product. The data will be

interpreted in the 5-point likert scale with the description of (5 - Strongly Agree, 4 -

Agree,
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3 - Neutral, 2 - Disagree and 1 - Strongl Disagree) please refer to the table below.

SCALE DESCRIPTION

5 STRONGLY AGREE

4 AGREE

3 NEUTRAL

2 DISAGREE

1 STRONGLY DISAGREE

This table presented the 5-point Likert scale (Survey Questionnaire) for the

2nd part in gathering data about the respondent while the 1st part was for the

demographic profile of the respondents ( age, weekly allowance, sex, and location).

Data Gathering Procedure

The following steps were properly observed in this study:

Seeking permission to conduct the study. Letters seeking permission to

conduct the study were prepared by the researchers to the following concerned

authorities: Research Adviser, Validators and Senior high school students from Saint

Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.

Formation and Validation of Instrument. The researchers formulated the

instrument to be used in the data gathering herein referred to as the questionnaire with
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the proper coaching of their adviser. This was validated by the three experts in the field

prior to its reproduction.

Admission and Retrieval of the Questionnaire. After having this approved by

the research adviser, this was properly validated by the three experts prior to its final

revision, the instrument was reproduced for use depending on the number of targeted

respondents. The administration of the survey instrument was done by the researchers.

These statements used a 5-point Likert scale such as strongly agree, agree, neutral,

disagree and strongly disagree. After giving instruction to the respondents on the

mechanics of the survey, and having addressed all inquiries and concerns, the

questionnaires were administered and retrieved by the researchers when the time is up.

Statistical Treatment

The following statistical tools were used in the treatment of the findings:

Weighted Mean and Standard Deviation. These were used to determine the

level and variance of online shopping attributes and customer satisfaction of

respondents.

Pearson r. This tool was used to determine the significant relationship between

online shopping attributes and customer satisfaction.

Data Analysis

After the data were gathered and tabulated, the record was submitted to the

statistical treatment so that the findings could be analyzed. Rating scale aided in the
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findings. This scale was formulated by the researcher using five-point scale to provide a

wider chance for analysis of the data seen below.

Range of Mean Descriptive Model Interpretation

4.20-5.00
This indicates that the shopping
5 preferences between add to cart
and push cart are/is very high.

This indicates that the shopping

3.40-.19 4 preferences between add to cart
and push is high.

This indicates that the shopping

2.60-3.39 3 preferences between add to cart
and push cart is neautral.

This indicates that the shopping

1.80-2.59 2 preferences between add to cart
and push cart is low.

This indicates that the online shop

1.00-1.79 1 attributes / customer satisfaction is
very low.

Figure 2. Rating Scale Used in the Interpretation of Findings

 28

CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF THE FINDINGS

This chapter covers the data analysis and interpretation that addressed the

research objectives in the study. The results are comprehensively discussed which

includes the socio-demographic profile of the respondents and the level of Add to Cart

or Push Cart Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School Students in Saint

Helena Garden College and Technology Inc. Discussion of findings is presented

through texts and tables. Analysis of the findings followed the discussions and

implications were drawn from.

Socio- Demographic Profile of the Respondents

The following figures below shows the respondents' socio-demographic in terms

of age, sex, weekly allowance, and location. Graph 1 shows the representation of the

age of the respondents. Out of 60 respondents, most of the ages is 17 with the counts

of 21. Graph 2 shows the representation of the sex of the respondents. The majority of

the respondents are female with (57%) and followed by male with (43%). Graph 3

shows the representation of the weekly allowances of the respondents. The

respondent’s majority weekly allowances revel that (33%) or 20 out of 60 has a weekly

allowance of 500. Graph 4 shows the representation of the different location of the

respondents. Most of the respondents are living in barangay Marapangi, Toril, Davao

City.
 29

Figure 1. Representation of the age of the Respondents

Age

21
19

12

4
2 2
15 16 17 18 19 20
0 21

Age

Most of the respondents ages 17 and 18 with the counts of 21 and 19 respectively. The

younger respondents ages 15 with the counts of 4. Ages 16 which got the third higest

counts with 12, ages 19 ad 21 with the same counts which is 2. While ages 20 got 0

counts.

Figure 2. Representation of the Sex of the Respondents

Sex

Male
Female 43%
57%

Male Female

Based on the pie chart, 34 out of 60 or 57% of the respondents are female while 26 out

of 60 or 43% are male.

 30

Figure 4. Representation of the Weekly Allowance of the Respondents

Weekly Allowance

20

10 10
7 6
2 2 3
250 300 500 700 800 1000 1500 2000

Weekly Allowance

Based on the bar graph, 20 out of 60 respondents or 33% has a weekly allowance of

500, the most in the list. And only 2 out of 60 or 3% has a weekly allowance of 700 and

800. Both weekly allowance of 250 and 300 got 10 out of 60 respondents or has a

weekly allowance of 250 and 300. 7 out of 60 respondents or has a weekl allowance

of 1000. 6 out of 60 respondents or has a weekly allowance of 1500. 3 out of 60

respondents or has a weekly allowance of 2000. Both 700 and 800 weekly

allowances got 2 out of 60 respondents or, the least in the list.

Graph 3. Representation of the location of the Respondents

Barangay
26

7 6 6 6
3 3
gi
1 1 1o
an an ad og at
o ril as as g
pan cat og i ed a ril B To yab an Ba
a ra b P a B
ar Lu M B
M Ba g
sin
os
Cr
 31

Based on the bar graph, 26 out of 60 respondents reside in barangay Marapangi, the

most in the list. Second 7 out of 60 respondents reside in Baracatan, while piedad,

marilog and bato got 6 out of 60 prticipants. Respondents reside in Lubogan and Banas

got the fourth highest rank which is 3 out of 60 respondents. Lastly, Toril, Crossing

Bayabas and Bago, the lowes of the list got 1 out of 60 respondents.

Level of Shopping Preferences

Accessibility. Presented in table 1 is the level of Shopping Preferences: Add to Cart/

Push Cart Among Senior High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc. in-terms of Accessibility.

Table 1: Shopping Preferences in-terms of Accessibility

Weighted Description
Accessibility SD
Mean Level

I can access online

shopping more
easily than shopping
personally. I like
personal buying
3.15 Neutral
because I don't have
to wait for the
product, I can use
the product right
away if needed.

I prefer online buying

because it's trendier
and time efficient 2.97 Neutral
than buying
physically.

I can shop online 2.95 Neutral

anywhere and
everywhere I want
 32

than in-store
shopping.

I like personal buying

because I don't have
to wait for the
3.45 Agree
product, I can use
the product right
away if needed.

I enjoy in-store
shopping because
there are lots of 3.28
nearby stores where
we can easily shop.

Total Weighted
3.16 0.72 Neutral
Mean

Table 1 reveals that the statement 4 “I like personal buying because I don't have

to wait for the product, I can use the product right away if needed.” obtained the highest

mean value of 3.45 among the five (5) statements. Statement 4 described as “High”. On

the other hand, statement 3 “I prefer online buying because it's trendier and time

efficient than buying physically.” obtained the lowest mean value of 2.95 which is

described as “Moderate”. The data has an over-all mean of 3.16 and had a standard

deviation of 0.72, which indicates that the respondents are moderate with the shopping

preferences in terms of accessibility.

The study conducted by Shin (2007) evaluated that consumers cannot evaluate

the real quality of products while purchasing through online shopping so they refrain
 33

themselves from purchasing through online shopping. To reduce uncertainty, customers

want to compare physical goods in supermarkets (Jiang & Balasubramanian, 2014).

Furthermore, accessibility is essential in marketing, according to several studies (Kacen

et al., 2013; Levin et al., 2005; Yu, .Niehm, & Russell, 2011).

Table 2: Shopping Preferences in-terms of Convenience

Weighted Descriptive
Convenience SD
Mean Level

Online shopping
satisfies my needs
than in-store
shopping. In-store 3.02 Neutral
shopping is sufficient
for my lifestyle than
online shopping.

I enjoy the
experience of going
to stores, interacting
with staff, and 3.27 Neutral
physically examining
products before
making a purchase.

In-store shopping is
sufficient for my
3.13 Neutral
lifestyle than online
shopping.

It is convenient for 3.07 Neutral

me to shop online. I
prefer the ease of
browsing from home,
selecting items, and
having them
delivered to my
 34

doorstep.

I find it easier to
return or exchange
items in person if
3.33 Neutral
needed in in-instore
shopping than online
shopping.

Total Weighted 3.16

0.68 Neutral
Mean

Table 2 reveals that the statement 5 I find "it easier to return or exchange items

in person if needed in in-instore shopping than online shopping.” obtained the highest

mean value of 3.33 among the five (5) statements. Statement 5 described as

“Moderate”. On the other hand, statement 1 “Online shopping satisfies my needs than

in-store shopping. In-store shopping is sufficient for my lifestyle than online shopping.”

obtained the lowest mean value of 3.02 which is described as “Moderate”. The data has

an over-all mean of 3.16 and had a standard deviation of 0.68, which indicates that the

respondents are moderate with the shopping preferences in terms of convenience.

The study conducted by Collectique (2019) evaluated that many customers find

the return process for online orders too complex or time consuming. So, if you go

shopping in a physical store, you already save yourself the hassle of a return. You

immediately choose what you want and you don’t have to worry about a potential return.

Instead, just take the desired products home.

 35

Table 3: Shopping Preferences in-terms of Cost of the Product

Weighted
C Cost of the Product SD Descriptive Level
Mean

I like online shopping

1 because it is more affordable 3.25 Neutral
than in-store shopping.

I prefer in-store shopping

2 because I can guarantee the 3.20 Neutral
product is worth the price.

I prefer online buying when it

comes to saving money
3 because of the vouchers that 3.40 Agree
I can avail of as a customer
than buying personally.

I like in-store shopping when

4 shopping for products with 3.15 Neutral
higher costs.

I prefer online buying

because the product's price
5 3.42 Agree
is just right for my weekly
allowance.

Total Weighted Mean 3.28 0.74 Neutral

Table 3 reveals that the statement 5 “I prefer online buying because the product's price

is just right for my weekly allowance.” obtained the highest mean value of 3.42 among

the five (5) statements. Statement 5 described as “High”. On the other hand, statement

4 “I like in-store shopping when shopping for products with higher costs” obtained the

lowest mean value of 3.15 which is described as “Moderate”. The data has an over-all

mean of 3.28 and had a standard deviation of 0.74, which indicates that the
 36

respondents are moderate with the shopping preferences in terms of cost of the

products.

The study conducted by Gunnery (2020) evaluated that cheap deals and better

prices are available online, because products come to you direct from the manufacturer

or seller without involving middlemen. Plus, it's easier to compare prices and find a

better deal. Many online sites offer discount coupons and rebates, as well. Not only are

prices better, but you can save on tax as well, since online shops are only required to

collect a sales tax if they have a physical location in your state. Factor in the saved

expense of gas and parking and you have saved yourself a lot of money.

Table 4: Shopping Preferences in-terms of Quality of the Product

Weighted Descriptive
D Quality of the Product SD
Mean Level

I feel more confident in the

quality of a product when
1 3.15 Neutral
purchasing it personally than
buying it through online.

I would be willing to pay a

higher price for a product if it
2 meant receiving personalized 3.03 Neutral
assistance or advice from a
salesperson in-store.

I consider online shopping

3 when it comes to the 2.92 Neutral
product's quality.

4 like in-store shopping 3.32 Neutral

because I can physically
inspect it before purchasing if
 37

the product is worth it for my

budget.

I prefer in-store shopping

because I can buy the
5 3.20 Neutral
product accurately for my
wants and expectations.

Total Weighted Mean 3.12 0.76 Neutral

Table 4 reveals that the statement 4 “I like in-store shopping because I can physically

inspect it before purchasing if the product is worth it for my budget.” obtained the

highest mean value of 3.32 among the five (5) statements. Statement 4 described as

“Moderate”. On the other hand, statement 3 “I consider online shopping when it comes

to the product's quality.” obtained the lowest mean value of 2.92 which is described as

“Moderate”. The data has an over-all mean of 3.12 and had a standard deviation of

0.76, which indicates that the respondents are moderate with the shopping preferences

in terms of quality of the products.

The study conducted by Nationwide (2021) evaluated that some items are easier

to buy if you can check them out personally to ensure quality. If you’re not physically

visiting these stores, you may be missing out on temporary discounts on popular

services, free giveaways, and the special promotion offers available by completing the

survey at the bottom of your receipt.

 38

Table 5. Levels of Shopping Preferences: Add to Cart or Push Cart among Senior
High School Students

Shopping Description
SD Mean
Preferences Level

Accessibility 0.72 3.16 Neutral

Convenience 0.68 3.16 Neutral

Cost of Product 0.75 3.28 Neutral

Quality of Product 0.76 3.12 Neutral

Overall 0.63 3.18 Neutral

As shown in Table 5, the overall mean rating from 60 respondents is 3.18 or

described as Neutral. This means that the respondents’ satisfaction with regards to the

efficiency of shopping preferences is just average. It reveals that the highest mean

which is 3.28 in shopping preferences is in terms of cost of the product. On the other

hand, the lowest mean which is 3.12 in shopping preferences is in terms of quality of the

product.

Describing the results further, an overall standard deviation of 0.63 explains that

there is low variability among the means and the ratings of the respondents are

homogenous.
 39

CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of the findings and the conclusions that

were obtained from the findings of the study. This section further offers

recommendations as to how the findings of this study can improve practice.

Summary

The intent of the study was to determine the relationship between

Demographic Profile and Shopping Preferences. Sixty (60) respondents were picked in

the area of target. This study used the descriptive-correlational method. Using

convenience sampling method, survey questionnaire was used to gather the data

needed from 60 respondents. Data gathering procedures were followed. Data analysis

was done and interpretation of findings was aided by the rating scale formulated by the

researchers. Statistical tools used were the weighted mean, Pearson r.

Summary Findings

Title: Add to Cart/Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Seniorin Saint

Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.

Based on the results, the following findings include:

1. The study conducted among senior high students at Saint Helena Garden

College and Technology Inc. indicates a significant association between

demographic profile and shopping preferences. Thirty- three percent (33%) of

respondents, who are mainly from Barangay Marapangi, Toril, Davao City, get
 40

a weekly allowance of ₱500. The majority of respondents are 17 years old,

female (57%), and male (43%).

2. The age of the respondents and their shopping preferences have a significant

relationship; however, the r-value of.018 indicates a very low degree of

positive relationship. At the α 0.05 level of significance, the correlation is not

significant, as indicated by the overall p-value of 0.893, which is more than

0.05. As a result, the null hypothesis is accepted. Meanwhile, the significant

relationship between the Weekly Allowance of respondents in Shopping

preferences signifies that very low degree of positive relationship with the r-

value of 0 .143. With an overall p-value of 0.275 which is greater than 0.05,

the relationship is significant at α 0.05 level of significance. Thus, the null

hypothesis is hereby accepted.

3. In terms of the accessibility, the average respondents agreed that they like

personal buying because they don't have to wait for the product and they can

use the product right away if needed (3.45), and the overall weighted mean is

3.16. In terms of convenience, a weighted average of (3.16), respondents

agreed that it is easier for them to return or exchange items if needed in in-

store shopping than online shopping (3.33). In terms of the cost of the product,

the results revealed that, on the average of the respondents are agreed that

they prefer online buying because the product's price is just right for their

weekly allowance (3.42), and the overall weighted mean is 3.28. Lastly, in the

quality of the products, the average respondents agreed that they like in-store

shopping because they can physically inspect it before purchasing if the

 41

product is worth it for their budget (3.32) and the overall weighted mean is

3.12.

Conclusions

Based on the foregoing findings, the following conclusions are drawn.

1. Majority of the senior high school students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc. prefer Push Cart as their Shopping Preferences in terms of the

Accessibility. The immediate availability of the products, eliminating the need to

wait allowing them to use the purchased item right away.

2. Majority of the senior high school students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc. prefer Push Cart as their Shopping Preferences in terms of

Convenience particularly when it comes to returning and exchanging items.

3. Majority of the Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc. prefer Add to

Cart as their Shopping Preferences in terms of Cost of the Product due to the

affordability which aligns to their weekly allowance.

4. Majority of the senior high school students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc. prefer Push Carts as their Shopping Preferences in terms

Quality of the Product. it allows them to physically inspect products before

purchase, ensuring the quality aligns with their expectations and justifies the

price.

5. Furthermore, based on the results of the statistical analysis that was found, the

overall mean rating from 60 respondents is 3.18 or described as Neutral. This

means that the respondents’ satisfaction with regards to the efficiency of

shopping preferences is just [Link] Saint Helena Garden College of

 42

Technology Inc. and shopping preferences. Describing the results further, an

overall standard deviation of 0.63 explains that there is low variability among the

means and the ratings of the respondents are homogenous.

Recommendations

Based on the conclusion of the study, the following are recommended that:

Student. The senior high school students at Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc. must prefer Push Cart than add to cart as their shopping

preference in order to prevent them from waiting for the product and to use it

immediately and it makes it simpler for them to return or exchange things when

necessary while shopping in-store.

Teachers. Entrepreneurship teachers should incorporate courses on the

fundamentals of both in-person and online shopping so that the learners are

aware of the positive and negative impacts of buying and also understand their

shopping preferences.

Parents. Parents can set a budget for their weekly allowances. This teaches

them financial responsibility and helps them prioritize their spending. Parents can

also discuss the importance of comparing prices and looking for deals to make

the most of their allowance when shopping.

Sellers. These products and services provider should enhance their products

and services qualities, in order for the costumers to be satisfied. These will help
 43

the business grow, make more profit, and create positive relationship among

customers.

Young adults - The findings will help to investigate the balance between online

and in-store shopping. It will help them understand the reasons behind their

preference, such as convenience, pricing, or the desire for a tactile experience

and assess their interest in sustainable and ethical shopping practices.

Future Researchers. These future researchers are encouraged to conduct

relevance study. In order to add more data and information for the said study.
 44

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5G5IQxBzb3n5bdg_aem_AVexjoXcwMOlIBiYrG8nZ_hu0g3vZk79mqKPC9oanPU14LF

m8fqcxBFs_oMjGOg4Ulaj3yctlUrelOZTanZ5olt&h=AT3B2tGGrcMlzFlTy8tK099LALzEAi
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bgQ6SZY567GdWoy2080JqxoMkgX4gATz5ePEuStvGfXwv89eGHpFOWH2MXUm1pA

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FOWH2MXUm1pAYf-hbIQu8oUyq6pKpXWXj48DvsZi7H1VW2thu3uPw

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July 7, 2020, From OptinMonster,[Link] ineshopping-statistics/

 47

APPENDIX A
LETTER TO THE ADVISER

May 1, 2024
Bai Vanessa Cabuyao
Research Adviser

Dear Ma’am:
Greetings of Peace!

The undersigned Accountancy, Business, and Management students who are

officially enrolled in Practical Research 2 under Ma'am Marites Bersabal, MVed are
conducting research entitled "Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences
Among Senior High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and
Technology Inc.". This aims to determine the levels of online shopping attribute and
customer satisfaction of these adult customers. It is expected to be completed before
May 2024 ends.

In a view of the foregoing, the undersigned humbly requests your permission that he be
allowed to start the gathering of data to the above-mentioned study from May 2024.

Your favorable response to this request is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,
Erika Shyn S. Gabato Ashley Nicole D. Longos
 48

Researchers Researchers

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researchers

APPENDIX B

A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY
“ADD TO CART OR PUSH CART: SHOPPING PREFERENCES AMONG SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SAINT HELENA GARDEN COLLEGE
OF TECHNOLOGY INC.”

PART I. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

NAME (OPTIONAL):

SEX

Male Female
AGE

15 – 17

18 - 20

21 - 23

24 Above
WEEKLY ALLOWANCE

500 Below

500 - 1000

1000 - 2000
 49

2000 Above

LOCATION (CURRENT ADDRESS)

PART II. QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE RESPONDENTS

INSTRUCTION: Read the following questions and indicate one check to the box
for each question according to the levels of frequency below.

1- Strongly Disagree 2- Disagree 3- Neutral 4- Agree 5- Strongly Agree

A Accessibility 1 2 3 4 5

1 I can access online shopping more easily than

shopping personally.
2 I prefer online buying because it's trendier and
time efficient than buying physically.
3 I can shop online anywhere and everywhere I
want than in-store shopping.
4 I like personal buying because I don't have to
wait for the product, I can use the product right
away if needed.
5 I enjoy in-store shopping because there are lots
of nearby stores where we can easily shop.

B Convenience 1 2 3 4 5

1 Online shopping satisfies my needs than in-store

shopping.
2 I enjoy the experience of going to stores,
interacting with staff, and physically examining
products before making a purchase.
3 In-store shopping is sufficient for my lifestyle
than online shopping.
4 It is convenient for me to shop online. I prefer the
ease of browsing from home, selecting items,
and having them delivered to my doorstep.
 50

5 I find it easier to return or exchange items in

person if needed in in-instore shopping than
online shopping.
 51

C Product's cost 1 2 3 4 5
1 I like online shopping because it is more
affordable than in-store shopping.
2 I prefer in-store shopping because I can
guarantee the product is worth the price.
3 I prefer online buying when it comes to saving
money because of the vouchers that I can avail
of as a customer than buying personally.
4 I like in-store shopping when shopping for
products with higher costs.
5 I prefer online buying because the product's
price is just right for my weekly allowance.

D Product's quality 1 2 3 4 5
1 I feel more confident in the quality of a product
when purchasing it personally than buying it
through online.
2 I would be willing to pay a higher price for a
product if it meant receiving personalized
assistance or advice from a salesperson in-
store.
3 I consider online shopping when it comes to the
product's quality.
4 I like in-store shopping because I can physically
inspect it before purchasing if the product is
worth it for my budget.
5 I prefer in-store shopping because i can buy the
product accurately for my wants and
expectations.
 52

APPENDIX C
LETTER TO VALIDATOR 1
March 25, 2024

Franny Diez
Teacher

Ma’am/Sir:

Greetings!

We, senior high school students of Saint Helena Garden College and Technology, Inc.
is currently enrolled in Practical Research 1, a subject as stated in the curriculum
guide of the Department of Education which requires a research paper as a
culminating output. As a requirement to finish the said subject, we are now
conducting a study entitled, “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences
Among Senior High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College of Toril
Technology Inc.”.

In view with this, the researcher would like your expertise to validate the attached tool
of the study. The purpose and research objectives of the study are also attached
herewith for your perusal.

Should you have any questions or clarifications about this request, we will be pleased
to discuss or clarify them with you in person. We will be reached through this mobile
number, 09700300478 or email address erikashn1124@[Link].

Thank you and God bless.

Sincerely yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher
Dan Chester P. Sabiniano
Researcher
Noted by;

MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.

Research Teacher
 53

APPENDIX D
LETTER TO VALIDATOR 2
March 25, 2024

Alona Josol Dalubatan

Work Immersion Coordinator

Ma’am/Sir:

Greetings!

We, senior high school students of Saint Helena Garden College and Technology, Inc.
is currently enrolled in Practical Research 1, a subject as stated in the curriculum
guide of the Department of Education which requires a research paper as a
culminating output. As a requirement to finish the said subject, we are now
conducting a study entitled, “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences
Among Senior High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College of Toril
Technology Inc.”.

In view with this, the researcher would like your expertise to validate the attached tool
of the study. The purpose and research objectives of the study are also attached
herewith for your perusal.

Should you have any questions or clarifications about this request, we will be pleased
to discuss or clarify them with you in person. We will be reached through this mobile
number, 09700300478 or email address erikashn1124@[Link].

Thank you and God bless.

Sincerely yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher
Dan Chester P. Sabiniano
Reseacher

Noted by;

MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.

Research Teacher
 54

APPENDIX E
LETTER TO VALIDATOR 3
March 25, 2024

Wella Ruth Banas

Teacher

Ma’am/Sir:

Greetings!

We, senior high school students of Saint Helena Garden College and Technology, Inc.
is currently enrolled in Practical Research 1, a subject as stated in the curriculum
guide of the Department of Education which requires a research paper as a
culminating output. As a requirement to finish the said subject, we are now
conducting a study entitled, “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences
Among
Senior High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College of Toril Technology
Inc.”.

In view with this, the researcher would like your expertise to validate the attached tool
of the study. The purpose and research objectives of the study are also attached
herewith for your perusal.

Should you have any questions or clarifications about this request, we will be pleased
to discuss or clarify them with you in person. We will be reached through this mobile
number, 09700300478 or email address erikashn1124@[Link].

Thank you and God bless.

Sincerely yours’s

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
Noted by;
MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.
Research Teacher
 55

APPENDIX F
VALIDATION SHEET

Research Title: “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High
School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.

To the evaluator: Please check the appropriate box for your ratings.

Scale: 5-Excellent 4-Very Good 3-Good 2-Fair 1-Poor

5 4 3 2 1
1. Clarity and Directions of Items.
The vocabulary level, language, structure
and conceptual level of participants. The test
Directions and the items are written in a clear
and understandable manner
2. Presentation and Organization of Items
The items are presented and organized
in logical manner.
3. Suitability of Items.
The item appropriately presented the
substance of the research. The questions
are designed to determine the skills that
are
supposed to be measured.
4. Adequateness of the Content
The number of the questions per area is a
representative enough of all the questions
needed for the research.
5. Attainment of Purpose
The instrument as a whole fulfills the
objectives needed for the research.
6. Objective.
No aspect of the questionnaire suggests bias
on the part of the researchers.

Comments/suggestions/recommendations:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____

Signature over Printed Name

 56

APPENDIX G
LETTER TO THE PRINCIPAL

May 2, 2024
Ma’am Marites O. Bersabal, MVed
Principal

Dear Ma’am:

Greeting of Peace!

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in Practical Research 2, the undersigned

students of Saint Helena Garden College and Technology, INC., under the Senior High
Department, taking up the ABM strand would like to conduct a research study entitled
“Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School
Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”. It is expected to be
completed before May 2024 ends.

In this connection, the undersigned would like to seek your permission to allow them to
conduct a survey inside the campus.

Your favorable response to this request is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
Noted by;
MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.
Research Teacher
 57

APPENDIX H
LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS

Dear respondent,

You have been chosen as the respondents in this undertaking entitled “Add to

Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School Students in

Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”. In this regard, the researchers

seek your kind assistance and support to participate in this study by taking your time to

answer this questionnaire honestly as you can. You are assured that your response will

be kept confidential since your identification is withheld and results will be used mainly

for research purpose.

Your participation in this endeavor will indeed greatly contribute to

the understanding of research study.

The researchers are deeply grateful for your favorable response.

God bless you always and also your family circle.

Sincerely yours’s

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
 58

APPENDIX I
LETTER TO PANEL CHAIR

May 2, 2024

Ma’am Rexez Mae L. Lariosa, LPT

Teacher/Owner Teacher Rexez Mae
Reading and Tutorial Services

Dear Ma’am,

Greetings of Peace!

The undersigned Grade 12 students in the Senior High School Department who is
currently enrolled in Practical Research 2, in the ABM strand, under your tutelage will
defend their senior high school thesis on April 25, 2024, at the faculty room, SHGCT
from 8:00 – 12:00 pm.

In this regard, they request your presence as the Panel Chair during defense of their
thesis entitled “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior
High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”

Your favorable response to this request is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
Noted by;
MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.
Research Teacher
 59

APPENDIX J
LETTER TO PANEL CHAIR

May 2, 2024

Sir Avin John F. Gallego, LPT, MAED, PHD

Professor

Dear Sir,

Greetings of Peace!

The undersigned Grade 12 students in the Senior High School Department who is
currently enrolled in Practical Research 2, in the ABM strand, under your tutelage will
defend their senior high school thesis on April 25, 2024, at the faculty room, SHGCT
from 8:00 – 12:00 pm.

In this regard, they request your presence as the Panel Chair during defense of their
thesis entitled “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior
High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”

Your favorable response to this request is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
Noted by;
MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.
Research Teacher
 60

APPENDIX K
LETTER TO PANEL CHAIR

May 2, 2024

Sir Mc Don A. Sambiri, LPT

School Administrator
World Learning Center

Dear Sir,

Greetings of Peace!

The undersigned Grade 12 students in the Senior High School Department who is
currently enrolled in Practical Research 2, in the ABM strand, under your tutelage will
defend their senior high school thesis on April 25, 2024, at the faculty room, SHGCT
from 8:00 – 12:00 pm.

In this regard, they request your presence as the Panel Chair during defense of their
thesis entitled “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior
High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”

Your favorable response to this request is highly appreciated.

Respectfully yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
Noted by;
MR. MC STEVEN E. PUDOC, LPT.
Research Teacher
 61

APPENDIX L
LETTER THE STATISTICIAN

April 15, 2024

Sir Jayke Tan

Statistician

Dear Sir,

Greetings!

We, the senior high school students of Saint Helena Garden College and Technology is
currently enrolled in Practical Research 2, a subject as stated in the curriculum guide of
the Department of Education which requires a research paper as a culminating output.
As a requirement to finish the said subject, we are now conducting a study entitled
“Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School
Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”

In view with this, the researchers would like your expertise to assist the treatment of our
study findings for the completion of this research output.

Your expertise is highly recognized. Thank you very much.

Sincerely yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
 62

APPENDIX M
LETTER TO THE EDITOR-GRAMMARIAN

May 2, 2024

Ma’am Alona Josol Dalubatan

Editor-Grammarian

Dear Ma’am,

The undersigned has just completed and successfully defended their thesis

entitled “Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High

School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”, in partial

fulfillment of the requirements in the subject Practical Research 2 under you supervision

as the editor-grammarian.

In this regard, the undersigned request your services as the editor-grammarian of their

manuscript prior to bookbinding of their output.

Your expertise is highly recognized. Thank you very much.

Respectfully yours,

Ashley Nicole D. Longos Erika Shyn S. Gabato

Researcher Researcher

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Researcher
 63

APPENDIX N
CERTIFICATION FROM THE STATISTICIAN

May 2, 2024

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the undersigned has closely examine and conducted

statistical treatment on the research data of the researchers entitled “Add to Cart or

Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School Students in Saint

Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.”

SIR JAYKE TAN

Statistician
 64

APPENDIX O
CERTIFICATION FROM THE EDITOR-GRAMMARIAN

May 2, 2024

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the manuscript of the researchers entitled “Add to

Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School Students in

Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.” has been read and corrected by

the undersigned.

MA’AM ALONA JOSOL DALUBATANM

Editor-Grammarian
 65

APPENDIX P
CERTIFICATION FROM THE EDITOR-GRAMMARIAN

May 2, 2024

CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that the manuscript of the researchers entitled “Add to

Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior High School Students in

Saint Helena Garden College and Technology Inc.” has been read and corrected by

the undersigned and is recommended for the final book binding.

MA’AM BAI VANESSA L. CABUYAO

Research Adviser
 66

APPENDIX Q
MINUTES OF THE FINAL DEFENSE

Minutes of the Final Defense

Title: Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior

High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc.

Course: Grade 12, ABM strand, Senior High School Department Saint

Helena Garden College and Technology, INC.

Members: Ashley Nicole D. Longos, Erika Shyn S. Gabato,

Dan Chester P. Sabiniano

Title: Add to Cart or Push Cart: Shopping Preferences Among Senior

High School Students in Saint Helena Garden College and

Technology Inc.

Chapter 1:
Chapter 2:
Chapter 3:
Chapter 4:
Chapter 5:
 67

PANEL COMMITTEE

AVIN JOHN F. GALLEGO

Chair

MC DON A. SAMBIRI REXEZ MAE L. LARIOSA

Member Member

MC STEVEN PUDOC
Thesis Adviser/Member

______________________________________________________________________

After evaluating the group, I certify that the aforementioned suggestions were strictly
complied,

MC STEVEN PUDOC
Thesis Adviser/Member

Received copy:

MC STEVEN PUDOC
Thesis Adviser/Member
 68

CURRICULUM VITAE

Ashley Nicole Longos

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Nickname : Langlang

Date of Birth : November 9, 2005

Place of Birth : Toril, Davao City

Age : 18

Sex : Female

Religion : Catholic

Citizenship : Filipino

Civil Status : Single

Email Address : mlaccbns2@[Link]

Mobile Number : 09700300478

Current Address : Marapangi 3, T.D.C.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Don Juan DelaCruz Central / Piedad Central Elementary School

High School : Crossing Bayabas National High School

Senior High School : Saint Helena Garden College of Technology, INC.

 69

CURRICULUM VITAE

Erika Shyn Gabato

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Nickname : Kang

Date of Birth : November 24, 2005

Place of Birth : Toril, Davao City

Age : 18

Sex : Female

Religion : Catholic

Citizenship : Filipino

Civil Status : Single

Email Address : erikashyn1124@[Link]

Mobile Number : 09696175974

Current Address : Prk. 8 Sta. Cruz Upper Peidad T.D.C.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Inawayan Elementary School

High School : Crossing Bayabas National High School

Senior High School : Saint Helena Garden College and Technology, INC.
 70

CURRICULUM VITAE

Dan Chester Sabiniano

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Nickname : Dan

Date of Birth : October 12, 2005

Place of Birth : Toril, Davao City

Age : 18

Sex : Male

Religion : Islam

Citizenship : Filipino

Civil Status : Single

Email Address : dancheeseteer@[Link]

Mobile Number : 09165218199

Current Address : New Lizada, T.D.C.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Don Juan Dela Cruz Central Elementary School

High School : Dona Carmen Denia National High School

Senior High School : Saint Helena Garden College and Technology, INC.
71