User Guide

Technical data are subject to change without notice.

© Copyright SPM 2006-10. 71796 IR
Contents
Contents
Instrument Overview........................................................ 1
Instrument parts.................................................................................. 1
General description............................................................................. 1
Displays and icons............................................................................... 2
Start up................................................................................................ 3
Batteries.............................................................................................. 4
Settings................................................................................................ 5
Battery type...............................................................................................5
Unit for temperature measurement..........................................................5
Unit for bearing diameter setting.............................................................5
Compressor mode.....................................................................................6
Accessories....................................................................... 7
Bearing Condition Measurement ..................................... 8
The Shock Pulse Method..................................................................... 8
Carpet value dBc.......................................................................................8
Maximum value dBm.................................................................................8
Normalized and unnormalized readings...................................................9
Unnormalized readings..............................................................................9
The dBm/dBc technique..........................................................................10
Rules for measuring points............................................................... 11
Measuring points, examples....................................................................12
Measuring range......................................................................................14
Creating acceptable measuring conditions . ..........................................15
Measuring intervals..................................................................................16
Shock pulse transducers................................................................... 17
Shock Pulse Measurement.............................................. 19
Input data.......................................................................................... 19
Entering shaft diameter and rpm for dBi calculation..............................19
Entering dBi manually..............................................................................19
Shock pulse measurement................................................................ 20
Shock Pulse measurement in Compressor mode....................................20
Transducer Line Test.......................................................................... 21
Storing measurement results............................................................ 21
Listening to the shock pulse pattern................................................ 22
Evaluating the Bearing Condition................................... 23
Identifying the shock pulse source................................................... 24
Shock pulse patterns – condition codes........................................... 25
Typical shock pulse patterns from rolling bearings.......................... 26
Confirming bearing damage............................................................. 30
Evaluation flow chart......................................................................... 32
Temperature Measurement............................................. 34
Using the Stethoscope Function..................................... 35
Technical Specifications................................................... 36
Maintenance and calibration............................................................. 37
Ingersoll-Rand Compressor data..................................... 39
Ingersoll-Rand Compressor dBi data................................................ 39
Ingersoll-Rand Compressor Log form............................................... 45
Ingersoll-Rand measuring point location.......................................... 52
Document Outline

This User Guide contains useful information about the IR30 Compact, beginning with general
information about instrument parts, user interface, batteries and settings.

A chapter explaining the theories of shock pulse measurement follows. It is advisable that you
read this as it is valuable in order to understand measurement results and to evaluate them cor-
rectly.

The shock pulse theories chapter is followed by chapters describing the hands-on use of the
instrument and how to confirm and evaluate measurement results.

References to icons, displays and modes in the instrument are in bold text. References to instru-
ment keys are in capital letters.
 Instrument Overview

1
Instrument parts 2

1 Measuring probe
3 4
2 Temperature IR sensor
3 Condition indicators
5
4 Graphical display
6 10
5 Navigation keys
6 Measuring key and power on
7 Output for headphones
8 Transducer input
7 9
9 Measuring LED
8
10 Battery compartment
11 Serial number label 11

General description
The IR30 Compact is a shock pulse meter based on the well proven SPM method for quick and easy iden-
tification of bearing faults. The instrument has a built-in microprocessor programmed to analyze shock
pulse patterns from all types of ball and roller bearings and display evaluated information on the operating
condition of the bearing.

IR30 Compact is battery powered and designed for use in harsh industrial environments. The graphic
display (4) gives the condition readings and the LED indicators (3) give an immediate evaluated bearing
condition in Green-Yellow-Red.

The shock pulse transducer (1) of probe type is built-in. All types of SPM shock pulse transducers for
adapters and permanent installation can also be used, connected to the transducer input (8). The dBi
value is programmed into the instrument and the measurement is started with key (6). The actual condition
reading is displayed on the graphical display (4) as a carpet value “dBc” and a maximum value “dBm”.
The condition indicators (3) indicate the evaluated bearing condition in Green-Yellow-Red. Headphones
for listening to the shock pulse pattern can be connected to the output (7).

The IR30 Compact can also be used for measuring surface temperature via the IR sensor (2), and for de-
tecting machine sound irregularities via headphones using the stethoscope function.

Internal or external probes can be used for listening.


 Displays and icons
Main display
Bearing measurement

Temperature Stethoscope
measurement function

General settings

Bearing measurement

Back/Return

TLT test Input data Measurement Input dBi Listening Memory

Temperature measurement Stethoscope function

Back/Return Back/Return
Measure (or press the probe tip)
Volume (1 – 8)

General settings

Temperature Back Battery Unit Info and mode

to main menu


Start up

Pressing the measuring key (6) switches on the instru-

ment.
1
Set up and measuring modes are selected with the ar- 2
row keys (5).

Measuring is started automatically whenever the internal

probe is pressed in. When using external probes, meas- 3 4
uring is started manually by pressing the measuring key
(6) while in the Bearing mode.
5
The blue measuring LED (9) stops blinking when an SPM
measuring cycle is completed.
6
The Green, Yellow and Red LEDs (4) beside the display
indicate the bearing condition after an SPM measure-
ment.

If not used, the instrument will automatically shut off

after 2 minutes. It can also be shut off by simultaneously
pressing the LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys. 7 9
When switched back on, the instrument will resume its 8
last mode.

Serial number and software version Main display

To check which software version is in your instrument

and find out the instrument serial number, go to the
Main display. Press the DOWN arrow key to enter the
General Settings mode. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to
highlight the info icon (i), then press the UP arrow key to
see the software version and serial number. To return to General
the General Settings mode, press the LEFT arrow key. settings

To return to the Main display, use LEFT/RIGHT arrow

keys to highlight the Return icon, then press the UP
arrow key.

Software version
and serial number

Back/Return


Batteries

The instrument is powered by two batteries type MN 1500 LR6. Alkaline

(AA) or rechargeable batteries can be used. Please note that recharge-
able batteries must be removed from the instrument before recharging.
The battery compartment is located at the back. Press and push the lid
to open the compartment.

The battery test on the setup menu shows the present battery voltage.
The battery status icon will show when the batteries are low and have
to be replaced or recharged.

The battery life depends on how the instrument is used. Full power is
only consumed while a reading is in progress: from pressing the meas-
uring key until a measured value is displayed.

Before long-time storage of the instrument, keep in mind to remove

the batteries.

Battery check Main display

For exact battery voltage, go to the battery setup menu:

From the Main display, press the DOWN arrow key to enter the General
Settings folder. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the battery icon,
then press the UP arrow key to enter battery type setup. The present bat-
tery voltage is shown in the upper left corner. General
settings
To return to the General Settings menu press the LEFT arrow key.

Battery
voltage
Battery type

Back/Return


Settings

Battery type Main display

Alcaline or rechargeable batteries can be used in IR30 Compact. The bat-

tery type has no influence on instrument functionality or operation, but
should be set for the battery status icon to correctly show battery level.

From the Main display, press DOWN arrow key to enter the General Set-
tings folder. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the Battery icon, General
then press the UP arrow key to enter battery type setup. Use UP/DOWN settings
arrow keys to set the battery type of your choice (1.2 V for rechargeable,
1.5 V for alcaline batteries). To save and return to the General Settings
menu press the LEFT arrow key.
Battery type
To return to the Main display, use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to higlight the
Return icon, then press the UP arrow key.

Back/Return Select
type

Unit for temperature measurement

Temperature can be displayed in either Celsius or Fahrenheit. To choose
your unit of measurement, use the DOWN arrow key in the Main display Unit for temperature
to enter the General Settings mode. Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys
to highlight the Temperature icon, then press the UP arrow key. Use the
UP/DOWN arrow keys to set the measurement unit of your choice. To save
and return to the General Settings menu press the LEFT arrow key.

To return to the Main display, use the LEFT arrow key to highlight the
Return icon, then press the UP arrow key. Back/Return Select
°F or °C

Unit for bearing diameter setting

Bearing diameter can be displayed in either mm or inch. To choose your
unit of measurement, use the DOWN arrow key in the Main display to
enter the General Settings mode. Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to Unit for diameter
highlight the Measurement icon, then press the UP arrow key. Use the
UP/DOWN arrow keys to set the measurement unit of your choice. To save
and return to the General Settings menu press the LEFT arrow key.

To return to the Main display, use the LEFT arrow key to highlight the
Return icon, then press the UP arrow key.
Back/Return Select
inch or
mm


Ingersoll-Rand Compressor mode Main display

IR30 Compact can be set to Compressor mode. This will set the dBi value
to 25.

To activate compressor mode in your instrument go to the Main display.

Press the DOWN arrow key to enter the General Settings mode. Use
LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the info icon (i), then press the UP General
arrow key. Activate compressor mode (CM) by pressing the UP arrow. To settings
deactivate Compressor mode and return to Standard mode (Std.), press
the RIGHT arrow. When compressor mode is active, CM will be shown
below “Ingersoll Rand”

To return to the General Settings mode, press the LEFT arrow key.

To return to the Main display, use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight

the Return icon, then press the UP arrow key. Compressor or
Standard mode
How to change dBi, see Entering dBi manually in the section Shock Pulse
Measurement.

Condition levels for Compressor mode

The condition levels in dBi when measuring in
Compressor mode is set to:
Back/Return
Red - ≥50
Yellow - 40-49
Green - ≤39


 Accessories

38444295

38444329 38444311 38444303

Accessories
38444295���������������������������������������������
Transducer with quick connector for adapters
38444303������������������������������������������
Belt holder for external probe transducer
38444311 Belt case for accessories
38444329 Protective cover with wrist strap

Spare parts
13108 Rubber sleeve for probe tip, chloroprene, maximum 110 °C (230 °F)


 Bearing Condition Measurement
dBi = Initial value of a bearing
dBc = Carpet value (weak pulses)
dBm = Maximum value (strong pulses)
dBn = Unit for normalized shock level
dBsv = Unit for absolute shock level

d rpm

The initial value dBi

depends on rpm and
2 seconds
shaft diameter d.

The Shock Pulse Method

The IR30 Compact is based on the Shock Pulse Method. Measurements with the SPM method give an
indirect measure of impact velocity, i.e. the difference in velocity between two bodies at the moment of
impact. At the point of impact, a mechanical compression wave (a shock pulse) arises instantly in each
body. The peak value of the shock pulse is determined by the impact velocity and is not influenced by
the mass or the shape of the colliding bodies. Shock pulses in rotating ball and roller bearings are caused
by impacts between raceways and rolling elements. From the points of impact the shock pulses travel
through the bearing and the bearing housing. Extensive experience proves that there is a simple relation-
ship between the bearing’s operating condition and the value of the shock pulses.

A transducer detects the shock pulses in the bearing. The transducer signals are processed in the bearing
detector’s microprocessor and the measured shock pulse values are shown on the display. An headphone
can be connected to the instrument for listening to the shock pulse pattern. Please note that this instru-
ment cannot be used for plain bearings.

Shock pulses are short duration pressure pulses which are generated by mechanical impacts. Mechanical
impacts occur in all rotating rolling bearings because of irregularities in the surfaces of the raceways and
the rolling elements. The magnitude of the shock pulses depends on the impact velocity.

Carpet value dBc

Surface roughness (small irregularities) will cause a rapid sequence of minor shock pulses which together
constitute the shock carpet of the bearing. The magnitude of the shock carpet is expressed by the carpet
value dBc (decibel carpet value). The carpet value is affected by the oil film between rolling elements and
raceways. When the film thickness is normal, the bearing’s carpet value is low. Poor alignment and instal-
lation as well as insufficient lubrication will reduce the thickness of the oil film in the whole or parts of the
bearing. This causes the carpet value dBc to rise above normal.

Maximum value dBm

Bearing damage, i.e. relatively large irregularities in the surfaces, will cause single shock pulses with higher
magnitudes at random intervals. The highest shock pulse value measured on a bearing is called its maxi-
mum value dBm (decibel maximum value). The maximum value dBm is used to determine the operating
condition of the bearing. The carpet value dBc helps to analyze the cause of reduced or bad operating
condition.


Normalized and unnormalized readings
The IR30 Compact measures impact velocity over a large dynamic range. In order to simplify readout and
evaluation, a logarithmic measuring unit is used: decibel shock value (dBsv).

dBsv is the general measuring unit for shock pulses. By measuring the shock pulses from a bearing in dBsv
a value for their magnitude is obtained, for instance 42 dBsv. However, this value is only part of the infor-
mation needed to judge the operating condition of the bearing. We also need a standard of comparison,
i.e. a norm value for identical or similar bearings.

Such norm values have been obtained empirically, by measuring the shock pulses from a large number of
new, perfect ball and roller bearings. They are called “initial values” dBi (decibel initial). The dBi value can
be set manually or calculated by the instrument after input of rpm and shaft diameter (see chapter “Input
data”). The highest dBi value that can be entered is +60, the lowest -9. Any attempt to enter values below
this will result in dBi “- -” and an unnormalized shock pulse reading (see below).

By subtracting the dBi from the dBsv value we obtain the “normalized” shock pulse value or dBn (decibel
normalized) of the bearing, for example: 42 dBsv–10 dBi = 32 dBn”. The normalized shock pulse value dBn
is the measuring unit for the operating condition of bearings. A maximum value of 32 dBn means “32 dB
above normal”, which implies “reduced operating condition” for the measured bearing. By programming
the IR30 Compact with the dBi before taking a reading, the bearing condition will be indicated directly on
the condition display in Green-Yellow-Red for “good”, “reduced” or “bad” operating condition for the
measured bearing. “Bad operating condition” can be synonymous with “bearing damage”, but the term
also includes a number of other “bearing faults” which can be detected by shock pulse measurement. The
initial value dBi of a bearing is directly related to its rotational speed and shaft diameter.

The absolute shock pulse level of a bearing, measured in dBsv (decibel shock value), is both a function of
rolling velocity and of bearing condition. The dBi value of the bearing must be entered in order to neutral-
ize the effect of rolling velocity on the measured value.

The IR30 Compact takes a sample count of the shock pulses occurring over a period of time and dis-
plays:
• the maximum value dBm for the small number of strong shock pulses.
• the carpet value dBc for the large number of weaker shock pulses.
• a lit-up LED on the condition scale (for normalized readings only): green for dBn up to 20 dBn =
good condition, yellow for 21-34 dBn = caution, red for 35 dBn and more = bad condition.
See Compressor mode section for condition scale values when in compressor mode.
The maximum value dBm defines the bearing’s position on the condition scale. The difference between
dBm and dBc is used for a finer analysis of the causes for reduced or bad condition.

Unnormalized readings
For unnormalized readings, set the dBi value to “- -” (see chapter “Input data”). You will then measure in
dBsv (absolute shock values) and get no condition indication, as the condition scale is graded in normal-
ized shock values, dBn. This method is used for comparative readings on different bearings and/or other
shock pulse sources.


The dBm/dBc technique

Life time

The dBm/dBc technique has been successfully applied for more than 35 years and continues to be widely
used. It is well suited for industrial condition monitoring, because it works with few, easy to understand
in- and output data.

Even on a logarithmic scale, there is normally a large, distinct difference between the maximum values
from good and bad bearings. Thus, minor inaccuracies in the input data (rpm and shaft diameter) have
little effect on the evaluated measuring result.

Lubrication condition is indicated by the delta value, i.e. the difference between dBm and dBc. High read-
ings and a small delta value indicate poor lubrication or dry running. This is sufficient for maintenance
purposes.

dBm and dBc are measured in a fixed time window and automatically displayed.

The headphone is used to listen to the shock pulse pattern in case of suspect or high readings. This,
and the possibility to search for shock pulse sources with the probe transducer, are means to verify the
measuring result and its cause.

10
Rules for measuring points

The rules for the selection of SPM measuring points have a 1. Straight and short path
very practical purpose. We are trying to capture low energy
signals which are getting weaker the farther they travel and
the more they are bounced about inside a piece of metal. We
know that they lose strength when they cross over from one
piece of metal to another. We cannot know, for all bearing
applications, how much of the strength of the signal emitted
by the bearing will reach the measuring point. However, by
necessity we try to apply general evaluation rules, i. e. treat
all measured signals as if they were of the same quality.

The rules for SPM measuring points try to assure that most of
them are ”within tolerance” and that the Green-Yellow-Red
condition zones are valid:

1 The signal path between bearing and measuring 2. No interface!

point shall be as short and straight as possible.

2 The signal path must contain only one mechanical

interface: that between bearing and bearing housing.

3 The measuring point shall be located in the load zone

of the bearing.

“Short” means up to 75 mm (3 in.), but that depends also

on how straight the path is: bends cause re- and deflections
whose effects are hard to judge. The load zone is the load
carrying half of the bearing housing, normally the lower one.
Allow for the pull of belts or other forces which can shift the
load to one side. Use the probe to find the spot yielding the
strongest signal. When a measuring point cannot conform to 3. In the load zone of the
the rules (because an ideal spot cannot be reached), make bearing
allowance for a weaker signal.

Load

Measuring
point

11
Measuring points, examples

The following two pages show measuring points and pos-

A
sible adapter or transducer installations. How to install
measuring equipment is described in the SPM installation
manual.

Through hole for long adapter

Figure A shows how a measuring point beneath a fan cover
can be reached with a long adapter, through a hole in the
cover.

Adapter with lock nut

In figure B, the fan cover is fastened directly to the mo- B
tor shield, which is also the bearing housing. One of the
cover’s holding screws can be replaced by an adapter with
lock nut.

Bearing housings beneath brackets

Consult machine drawings and identify the bearing housing
before selecting a measuring point.

In figure C, showing a pump, the bearings are placed in two

separate housings inside the bearing bracket.

The bearing pair at measuring point 1 can be reached with C

a long adapter through a clearance hole in the bracket. The 1
hole must be large enough to allow bearing adjustment
and still prevent metallic contact between bracket and
adapter.

Measuring point 2, placed below and opposite to the pump

outlet (load direction!) can be reached with a long adapter
through an opening in the pump shield.
2

Multiple bearings in one housing

D
If there are several bearings in the same housing, they are
normally treated as a single bearing. Figure D shows the
bearing arrangement for a vertical pump. It is not possible
to distinguish between the shock pulses from the paired
bearings in point 1.

There is also a risk for cross talk between point 1 and point
2, which means that the shock pulses from the bearing in
worst condition are picked up at both points. Check signal
strength with the probe. Use one measuring point only if
readings are identical in both points. This point (x) can be
placed halfway between points 1 and 2.

12
On large electric motors, the bearings are often mounted in
housings which are welded or bolted to the motor shields. A B
Because of the damping in the interface between the bush-
ing and the shield, the measuring point should be on the
bushing.

The bearing housing at the drive end (A) is usually within

reach. A long adapter is installed at an angle to the shield, so
that there is enough space for connecting the transducer.

Installed transducer
The bearing at the fan end (B) requires a permanent trans-
ducer installation. The transducer is installed in the bushing.
The coaxial cable is run through a slit in the fan cover to a
measuring terminal on the stator frame.

A
drive end
Check installed equipment
Incorrectly installed adapters or transducers can cause a
significant damping of the shock pulse signal.

Check all installations. Make sure that mounting holes are cor-
rectly countersunk and that the seat surfaces of adapters have
good contact with the material of the bearing housings.

Any metallic machine part knocking or rubbing against the

adapter will produce a disturbance. This must be avoided by
making large clearance holes and using soft, elastic sealing
material.
B
Use high temperature cables and moisture proof equipment
fan end
where required, and protect installations against damage.
Adapters should be fitted with protective caps.

Mark the measuring points

Measuring points for the probe transducer should be clearly
marked. To get comparable readings, one must always use
the same measuring point.

13
Measuring range

The measuring range of the IR30 Compact is large and covers

       Shaft, mm rpm dBi
most bearing applications, but there are a few cases where
shock pulse monitoring should only be attempted with in- 50 19 999 40
stalled measuring equipment, or not at all. 100 13 000 40
180 10 000 40
High speed bearings: The IR30 Compact accepts max. 19 999 300 6 000 40
rpm, 1 999 mm shaft diameter, and a dBi of 40. The upper 500 5 000 40
part of the table contains examples of possible combinations 1 000 3 400 40
of shaft diameter and rpm giving a maximum dBi of 40. The 1 999 2 200 40
lower part of the table examplifies combinations that give dBi
= 0. The instrument calculates the dBi up to 40. However, it 1 999 24 0
is possible to manually set the dBi to max. 60. A reason for 1 000 35 0
setting dbi > 40 is when measuring on e.g. turbo chargers, 650 45 0
high speed gear boxes etc. 500 52 0
Low speed bearings: The lowest acceptable dBi is -9 dB. 300 72 0
However, it is nearly impossible to get a meaningful read- 180 100 0
ing from bearings in the extremely low speed ranges. The 100 140 0
practical limit are bearings with a dBi around 0 dB (see lower 50 210 0
half of the table).

A heavy load with a well defined direction and a low inter-

ference level make it easier to get readings from low speed Adapters required!
bearings. Successful SPM monitoring has been carried out
on bearings with dBi = –3 (54 rpm, shaft diameter 260 mm).
Note that the dynamic measuring range decreases when dBi
values get below 0. For example, a bearing with dBi = –3
showed very heavy damages at dBn = 40.

Installed adapters required: The installation of adapters is

strongly recommended for all systematic shock pulse moni-
toring. In some cases it is a requirement:
• on bearings with dBi below 5 Covered dBi < 5
• on heavily vibrating bearing housings housing
• on covered bearing housings.

Low speed: Do not use a handheld probe on low speed

bearings. As a rule, the measurement should cover at least
10 full revolutions of the shaft. A single damaged part in the
raceway will cause a strong pulse only when hit by a rolling
element while passing through the load zone. It can take
several revolutions before that event occurs or is repeated.
Heavy vibration

14
Creating acceptable measuring conditions

Scraping,
alignment
Alignment

Cavitation

Gear tooth
damage

No interference Low level interference High level interference

The clicking of valves, high pressure steam flow, mechanical rubbing, damaged or badly adjusted gears,
and load shocks from machine operation can cause a general high shock level on the machine frame. This
interference can mask the bearing signal in cases where he shock level measured outside of the bearing
housings is as high or higher than the shock level on the bearing housings.

Remove sources of interference

In most cases, interference is the result of bad machine condition. For example – cavitation in a pump is
due to flow conditions for which the pump was not designed. Cavitation does more than interfere with
bearing monitoring – it slowly erodes the material of the pump.

Monitoring the bearings is pointless if the machine breaks down or requires frequent repairs because of
other poorly maintained parts or badly adjusted operating parameters. Therefore, do not accept interfer-
ence – try to remove the cause.

Coping with interference

If the source of interference cannot be removed, there are several possibilities:
• If it is intermittent, measure while there is no interference.

If interference is persistent, measure its shock pulse level with the same dBi setting as the bearing and
compare it with the condition zones:
• If interference masks the green zone, you can get true bearing condition readings in the yellow and
red zone.
• If interference masks the yellow zone, you can get true bearing condition readings in the red zone,
i.e. find a damaged bearing.

If the interference level is persistently higher than the shock level that would be caused by bad bearing
condition (35 to 40 dB above the dBi), do not try to monitor the bearing.

15
Measuring intervals

measure
often

Measuring personnel
should know about:

• lubricant type
• maximum quantity
• lubricating intervals

1-3 months several days,

one week

Unpredicted, very rapid damage development is rare. Normally, surface damage develops slowly, over
a period of many months. These are the general guidelines for selecting the interval between periodic
readings:
• The bearings should be checked at least once every three months.
• The bearings in critical machinery and heavily preloaded bearings (e.g. spindle bearings) should be
measured more often than other bearings.
• The bearings should be measured more frequently when their condition is unstable (rising or irregu-
lar readings).
• Damaged bearings should be closely watched until they can be replaced.

This implies that one has to allow time for extra checks on bearings in dubious or bad condition.

Check stand-by equipment

Vibration and corrosion can damage the bearings in stand-by machines. Check bearing condition each
time such machines are being tested or used.

Synchronize with lubrication

It may be necessary to synchronize regreasing and measuring intervals. Grease lubricated bearings should
not be measured until they have run for approximately one hour after regreasing (except when doing a
lubrication test).

Keep in mind that bad bearing condition is often connected with lubrication problems. For grease lubri-
cated bearings, a lubrication test usually provides the final proof of bearing damage. Make sure that the
right type and quantity of grease is used.

16
Shock pulse transducers

Built-in transducer with probe

Measuring points for the built-in probe should be clearly
marked. Always measure in the same spot. In addition, the
probe is used to measure elsewhere on the machine, in case
it is necessary to search for other shock pulse sources such as
pump cavitation or rubbing parts.

The probe tip is spring loaded and moves within a sleeve of

hard rubber. To maintain a steady pressure on the tip, press the
probe tip against the measuring point until the rubber sleeve Rubber sleeve in contact with
is in contact with the surface. the surface
Hold the probe steady to avoid rubbing between probe tip Point at the bearing
and surface.
Hold steady
The probe is directionally sensitive. It has to be pointed straight
at the bearing.

The centre of the probe tip should touch the surface. Avoid
pressing the probe tip against cavities and fillets which are
smaller than the probe tip.

Avoid small cavities and fil-

lets

Transducer with quick connector

All types of shock pulse transducers are connected to the transducer
input (8). The choice of transducer type depends on how the measur-
ing point is prepared. For systematic shock pulse monitoring, SPM 38444295
recommends the use of permanently installed adapters and quick-
connect transducer wherever possible.

Adapters are solid metal bolts of different length and thread sizes,
tuned for correct signal transmission. They are installed in threaded, Standard
countersunk mounting holes on the bearing housings. Glue-on adapt- adapter
ers are available.

To attach the transducer with quick connector, press it against the

adapter and twist clockwise. Twist counter-clockwise to remove it.
Push and
Adapter surfaces must be clean and plane. Use an adapter cap to
twist
protect them.

Check that installed transducers and adapters are properly mounted

(see the instruction on SPM installations) and in good condition. You
cannot expect a useful signal by attaching the quick connect trans-
ducer to a rusty lump of metal, or from a transducer that is rolling
on the floor on the other side of a partition.

17
Permanently installed transducers and Standard
measuring terminal transducer

A permanently installed transducer and a measuring terminal (BNC

or TNC connector) are used when the bearing cannot be reached
directly. Use a measuring cable to connect instrument and terminal.
Use SPM dust caps to protect the connector.

Check that installed transducers and adapters are properly mounted

(see the instruction on SPM installations) and in good condition. You Installed
cannot expect a useful signal by attaching the quick connect trans- transducer
ducer to a rusty lump of metal, or from a transducer that is rolling
on the floor on the other side of a partition.
Measuring
terminal

18
 Shock Pulse Measurement
Input data
shaft
For a reading of bearing condition with IR30 Compact, you need rpm
diameter ø
the initial value, dBi. If you do not know the bearing´s dBi, IR30
Compact will calculate and display the dBi given the rotational
speed (rpm) and the shaft diameter. Neglecting to enter this
information will produce incorrect measurement results.

Bearing
Entering shaft diameter and rpm for dBi measurement
calculation
From the Main display, ��������������������������������
press the UP arrow key to enter Bearing
mode. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the Input Data
icon, then press the UP arrow key. Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys
to position the cursor and the UP/DOWN arrow keys to increase or
decrease the rpm value, respectively. To enter the shaft diameter,
first press the measuring key, then use the arrow keys to set the
diameter value the same way rpm was set.
Enter rpm
Press the measuring key to return to Bearing mode. OK

Entering dBi manually

When IR30 Compact is set to Compressor mode dBi is
automaticlly set to 25 by default.
Enter shaft diameter
Changing the dBi directly is faster when you know it from your OK
records:
From the Main display, press the UP arrow key to enter Bearing
mode. Use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the dBi icon,
then press the UP arrow key. First, position the cursor using the
LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys, then use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to
increase or decrease the dBi value, respectively.

The highest dBi value that can be entered is +60, the lowest -9.
Any attempt to enter values below this results in dBi = “- -” and an
unnormalized shock pulse reading (see also chapters “Normalized
shock pulse values with dBi” and “Readings on gearboxes”). To
set the dBi value back from “- -” to “+” or “-”, press the UP arrow
key, then position the cursor as required to set the dBi. Enter dBi value
OK
Press the measuring key to return to Bearing mode.

The dBi value, whether calculated by the instrument or manually

input, is shown in the lower right part of the Bearing display.

19
Shock pulse measurement

For shock pulse measurement, press the UP arrow key in

the Main display to enter the Bearing display. Make sure Check:
the shaft diameter and rotational speed of the bearing, - Shaft diameter and rpm, dBi set-
or its dBi, have been entered (se chapter Input data), or ting
the reading will be incorrect. - Measuring point in the load zone
- Probe pointed straight at the
From the Bearing display, press the transducer to the meas- bearing
uring point. Measurement starts automatically, taking a few
- Adapter (transducer) properly
seconds, during which the blue measuring LED is lit up. mounted
The two measuring results are the maximum value, dBm, - Adapter surface clean, undamaged
and the carpet value, dBc. Depending on the dBm value, - Quick connect transducer firmly
the Green, Yellow or Red light LED to the left of the display attached
will light up.

When an external transducer is used, the instrument will Bearing measurement

display a TLT warning sign if the transducer line test result
is unsatisfactory. For further information about TLT, see
chapter “Transducer Line Test”.

When measurement is finished, the LED indicators show

the bearing condition, and an evaluation code is displayed.
The code refers to the Evaluation Flow Chart on page 32-
Measure
33, which must be used to further evaluate the bearing (or press the
condition. Evaluation probe tip)
code
When you get high readings (yellow and red zone), you
should immediately verify their nature and probable cause.
Do not give the verdict ”bearing damage” before making
a further investigation. As a first measure:
• use the headphones to identify the shock pulse pattern.
• measure on and outside of the bearing housing to
identify the shock pulse source. Condition indicators:
Red - bad (≥35)
Surface temperature is measured automatically when an Yellow - caution (21–34)
SPM measurement is made. To see the temperature read- Green - good (≤ 20)
ing, use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to activate the Return
icon in the Bearing display, then press the UP arrow key to
enter the Main display. Press the LEFT arrow key to enter TLT warning
Temperature mode and see the reading. To return to the
Main display, press the LEFT arrow key.

Shock Pulse measurement in

Compressor mode
When in Compressor mode the evaluation code will be
marked with CM. See section about Compressor mode for
condition levels.

20
Transducer Line Test
When measuring shock pulses with external transducers, a
transducer line test (TLT) will automatically be made to check Bearing measurement
the quality of the signal transmission between transducer and
instrument (to see the TLT value, enter the TLT mode, see be-
low). Part of your signal will be lost in a poor transducer line,
so your measuring results will be lower than they should be. If
an SPM measurement is made with a poor transducer line, the
instrument will display a TLT warning sign.

To perform a transducer line test (TLT) manually, connect the Transducer Line Test
external transducer to the instrument. From the Main display,
press the UP arrow key to enter the Bearing folder, then use
LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight the TLT icon. Press the
UP arrow key to enter the TLT menu. Press the measuring key
briefly. The blue measuring LED lights up and the reading is
shown in the display.

The TLT test window also displays transducer type: IPR (internal
probe), EPR (external probe), TRA (40000 type) or TMU (42000 Measure
type). TRA is also displayed in case of a cable breakdown. The TLT
TLT value then depends on the distance to the breakage point
(1-2 dB/meter). In case of a shortcircuit, TMU and the value 0 TLT off
(normally) is displayed.

At TLT values from 15 upward, there is normally no signal loss

due to poor transmission between transducer and instrument.
If the value is below 15, or if it is deteriorating from a previ-
ously higher value, you need to check cables, connectors and
transducers for poor connections and moisture.

The TLT test can be temporarily turned off to force evaluated

measurement results on transducers with TLT below 15, e.g. Bearing measurement
when measuring via coupling transformers. In the TLT menu,
press the RIGHT arrow key to turn the test off. The TLT test is au-
tomatically turned back on by entering the TLT menu again and
when the instrument is automatically or manually turned off.

Storing measurement results Memory

This function is useful for easy comparison of measurement
results for a particular measuring point. It can also be used to
store measurement results temporarily until they can be re-
corded on paper for trending and follow-up. On the last page
iof the User Guide is a follow-up form which can be copied and
used for this purpose.
Save
The IR30 Compact can store up to ten SPM measurement
results. Select place

In the Bearing display, use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight Current memory place
the Memory icon, then press the UP arrow key to enter Memory dBi
mode. Select memory place (1-10) by using the UP/DOWN ar-
Latest reading
row keys. Press the RIGHT arrow key to store the reading. This
action will overwrite any previously stored value in the memory Stored reading
place selected.

To return to the Bearing display, press the LEFT arrow key.

21
Listening to the shock pulse pattern

The stream of shock pulses from a rotating bearing is con- Headphones

tinuous. They vary in strength, depending on the relative
positions of rolling elements and raceways.

The headphone is a means to verify and trace shock pulse

sources. The headphones allow you to listen to the shock
pulse pattern. In the headphone, the noise carpet is repre-
sented by a continuous tone. The dBc level is approximately dBn
where you can start to distinguish between an even sound
and individual pulses. Typical for bearing signals is a random
sequence of strong pulses with no discernable rhythm, best
heard a few dB below the dBm level. Adjustment of
amplitude level
A spot of surface damage causing a strong shock pulse will
only register, if a roller hits it during the measuring interval.
Especially at low rotational speeds, the instrument can miss Bearing measurement
the strongest pulse, simply because it does not occur during
the measuring interval.

To listen to the shock pulse pattern after taking an SPM

reading, connect your headphones to ���������������������
the output connector
(7). From the Main display, press the UP arrow key to enter
Bearing mode. Use the LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to highlight
the Listening icon, then press the UP arrow key to enter Listening
listening mode, where the dBm value of the latest reading
is displayed. Use the UP/DOWN arrow keys to adjust the
amplitude level at which you wish to listen; anything below
this value will be filtered out.

To adjust the headphone volume use the RIGHT arrow key.

NOTE! Setting the volume to the maximum level may harm Adjust
your hearing. amplitude
level
To return to the Bearing display, press the LEFT arrow
key. Headphone volume

Adjust Back
volume

22
 Evaluating the Bearing Condition

Cross talk from Interference from

1 Reading correct ? Check!
other bearings mechanical shocks
Measuring point? Installation ? Correct dBi ?
dBm?
Look, feel, check data.
Interference
2 Shock pulse source? Search!
Bearing ? Interference? Signal pattern? Loose
High maximum value parts?
Look, listen. Use probe transducer, headphone.

Operating condition not good 3 Bearing fault? Analyse!

Lubrication? Alignment? Installation?
Bearing damage?

Machine Bearing Bearing Bearing Identify shock pulse pattern.

alignment lubrication installation damage Check trend. Test lubrication.

NOTE! A reading taken with an incorrect dBi value causes an incorrect evaluation of the bearing condi-
tion! Always check that the correct dBi for the bearing in question has been entered!
Evaluation simply means that you make sure that the information you pass on to the maintenance person-
nel is as correct as possible and as detailed as necessary. Always remember that
• some machines can contain many types of shock pulse sources other than the bearing, and
• there can be a number of different causes for bad bearing condition other than damage.

Evaluation requires only normal care and common sense. Use the probe transducer and the headphone,
and also use your senses: look, touch, listen. By being thorough you can avoid raising false alarms or
missing damaged bearings.

Initial readings and changes

There are only two situations where an evaluation is necessary. The first is when you start with bearing
monitoring:
• Always evaluate the first readings on new measuring points and newly installed bearings.

The purpose is to establish a reliable base for routine measurements. You want to be quite sure that you
are measuring shock pulses from the bearing and that the reading itself is correct. If you find that bearing
condition is good, you do not have to evaluate the following readings on that measuring point as long as
there is no significant change.
The other situation is when you notice a change in the readings (or get high readings from the start):
• Investigate any significant increase or decrease of the shock pulse level.

Again, you want to be quite sure that you are measuring shock pulses from the bearing and that the read-
ing itself is correct.

If you find that bearing condition is not good, you have to distinguish between bad installation, poor
lubrication, overload and damage, in order to decide what kind of maintenance work is needed. If you
are getting an interference signal, it is probably caused by machine faults which have to be reported and
repaired.

23
Identifying the shock pulse source

Play,
scraping
Excessive
play

Cavitation

Gear tooth
damage

Shock pulses are strongest close to the source. They spread through the material of all machine parts, but
are dampened (loss of signal) with distance and when passing through interfaces in the material.
• Measure on and near the bearing housing to find the strongest shock pulse source.
• Listen for unusual noises.

Sources of interference
Any kind of metallic clatter, hard impacts or scraping produces shock pulses which may interfere with the
measurement on the bearings. Some of the more common sources of interference are:
• Shocks between poorly fastened machine feet and foundation.
• Rubbing between shafts and other machine parts.
• Loose parts striking the machine frame or the bearing housing.
• Excessive play and misalignment of couplings.
• Vibration in connection with loose parts and excessive bearing play (vibration alone does not affect
the reading).
• Cavitation in pumps.
• Gear tooth damage.
• Load and pressure shocks arising during the normal operation of certain machines.

24
Shock pulse patterns – condition codes

The headphone is a means to verify and trace shock pulse

sources. The signal from a bearing should be highest on the
bearing housing. If you get a higher signal outside of the
bearing housing (across an interface in the material), you are
most likely measuring shock pulses from another bearing
or some other source. Typical for bearing signals is that the
stronger shock pulses, best heard a few dB below the peak
level, appear at random intervals.

The codes refer to the Evaluation Guide, or the Flow Chart

on page 32-33, which must be used to further evaluate the
bearing condition.

If instrument displays��
“2/3” or “4/5”, use the headphones
to determine the condition code.

1 For a good bearing, the dBm is within the green zone.

dBm and dBc are not close together.

2 The shock pulse pattern from a damaged bearing con-

tains strong pulses in the red zone, a random sequence, and
a large difference between dBm and dBc. When you lubri-
cate the bearing, the values should drop but rise again.

3 A dry running bearing has a high carpet value very close

to the dBm. When you lubricate the bearing, the values
should drop and stay low. A similar pattern is caused by
pump cavitation, in which case readings on the pump hous-
ing are stronger than those taken on the bearing housing,
and are not influenced by lubricating the bearing.

4 A regular pattern, containing bursts of strong pulses in

a rhythmic sequence, is caused by e.g. scraping parts.

5 Individual pulses in a regular sequence are cause by click-

ing valves, knocking parts, regular load shocks.

6 A sudden drop in the shock pulse level is suspicious.

Check your measuring equipment. If the reading is correct,
you may have a slipping bearing ring.

25
Typical shock pulse patterns from rolling bearings

A shock pulse pattern is a sequence of either random

or rhythmical strong pulses (dBm level) above a carpet
of very rapid weaker pulses (dBc level). You have to be C
aware of:
• the dBm value
B
• the difference between dBm and dBc A
• the rhythm of the strongest pulses.

The rhythm of the strongest pulses is best discerned by

listening with the headphone at a setting a few dB below A) Maximum value dBm
the dBm level. Typical for bearing signals is a random B) Difference between dBm and dBc
sequence of strong pulses (no discernable rhythm). C) Rhythm of the strongest pulses
Rhythmical shocks can come from a bearing but are
more often a sign of interference. Typical patterns are
described on the next pages.

The IR30 Compact recognizes the pattern of the reading

taken and determines which of the six patterns below is Evaluation code
a match. The matching number is displayed in the upper
left corner of the Bearing display when the measurement
is completed. This number corresponds to the pattern
numbers below.

There may be times when the instrument displays a

combination of the numbers�� “2/3” or “4/5”, in which
case the instrument can not distinguish between the two
codes. Use the headphones and listen to the pattern to
determine condition code.

1 Pattern from a good bearing

A bearing in good condition should have a dBm value
below 20 and a dBc value approximately 5 to 10 dB lower.
Once you have verified the reading, there is no need for
any further evaluation.
dBm
The maximum value can be lower than 0. However, be
suspicious when the measured value is very low. The dBc
cause is often a bad measuring point or an incorrectly
installed adapter or transducer. If the reading is very
low, check the installation. Measure on other parts of
the bearing housing and try to pick up a stronger signal.
Another possible reason for a very low reading is that
there is no load on the bearing. This can happen with well
balanced fans and similar rotating machines.

26
2 Signal from a damaged bearing
The pattern shown is typical for damaged bearing surfaces:
a dBm above 35 dB, a large gap between dBm and dBc, dBm
and a random pattern of strong pulses. The strength of the
maximum value dBm indicates the degree of damage:
35 – 40 dBN Slight damage dBc
40 – 45 dBN Severe damage
> 45 dBN High breakdown risk.

First signs of damage

dBm values between 20 and 35 dB (in the yellow zone)
and a moderate increase of the carpet value are a sign of
stress in the bearing surfaces or minor damage. Note that
the gap between dBm and dBc gets larger.

Bearings with dBm values in the yellow zone should be

measured more frequently, to determine if their condition
is stable or deteriorating.

Note: a similar pattern is caused by contaminations in the

lubricant (metal or dirt). The particles either originate from
parts of the bearing itself, for instance from a damaged
cage, or they are transported by the lubricant into the
(undamaged) bearing. Test bearing and lubricant accord- dBm
ing to the description “Confirming bearing damage” in
this manual. dBc

Cracked inner ring

A clean crack in the inner ring of a bearing is difficult to
detect, especially at a low rpm. You may get low readings
through most of the bearing’s rotation, then one or two
peaks while the crack is in the load zone. Signal strength
can differ considerably as the crack opens or closes de-
pending on bearing temperature. In time, the surface
tends to spall along the crack, leaving sharp edges and
metal particles which cause high shock values until they
are rolled out.

Irregular measuring results

Large variations between consecutive readings are a dan-
ger sign. Damaged bearings do not improve with time,
although their shock values may temporarily drop.

Make sure the measuring interval is established according

the variations in production load (e.g. air compressors).
Always measure under the same production conditions.
Wide variations in the readings taken at different times
can occur on heavily loaded roller bearings with surface
damage. The high readings are caused by metal particles
breaking off the surfaces and by the sharp edges of new
spallings. When particles and edges are rolled out, the
readings will drop again.

27
3 Patterns from poorly lubricated bearings
A high carpet value, very close to the maximum value, is
typical for dry running bearings. The dBm does not always dBm
reach the red zone – typical for poor lubrication is that
the gap between dBm and dBc is very small. If the signal dBc
is strongest on the bearing housing, it can have several
causes:
• insufficient lubricant supply to the bearing (poor oil
flow; old , caked, or cold grease)
• very low or very high bearing speed (preventing the
build-up of an oil film separation between the loaded
rolling elements and the raceway)
• installation fault (excessive preload) or out-of-round
bearing housing
• misalignment or bent shaft.
If possible, lubricate the bearing or increase the oil flow. Cavita-
Measure immediately afterwards, and again a few hours tion

later. If the problem was insufficient lubricant supply, the

shock pulse level should drop and stay low.

In the case of very low or very high bearing speed, one

can try lubricants of a different viscosity or use additives
to prevent metal to metal contact between the bearing
Poor lubrica-
surfaces.
tion
In cases of installation faults, unround housings, and mis-
alignment) the shock pulse level may drop after lubrication
but will soon rise again. Misalignment normally affects the
bearings on both sides of the coupling or at both ends of
the shaft.

Cavitation and similar interference

The shock pulse pattern caused by a cavitating pump or by
persistent rubbing is identical with that from a dry running
bearing. You have an interference signal when the shock
pulse level is highest outside of the bearing housing and
is not affected by lubricating the bearing.
If you cannot remove the cause of interference, you have a
“blind spot”: up to a certain level, the interference signal
will mask the signal from one or more bearings. However,
you may still be able to detect bearing damage. When the
dBm rises above the interference level, it must be caused
by something else – probably bad bearing condition. In
that case, lubricating the bearing should cause the value
to drop, at least temporarily.

28
4 Periodic bursts
Periodic bursts are a typical interference signal, caused
by rubbing between machine parts, e.g. shaft against dBm
bearing housing or seal. The burst occurs at an rpm
related frequency. dBc

5 Rhythmical peaks
Single, rhythmical peaks can be caused by load and
pressure shocks which occur during the machine’s
dBm
normal operation. Other possible causes are clicking
valves or loose parts knocking regularly against the
dBc
machine frame.

If the signal is strongest on the bearing housing, you

can suspect a cracked inner ring.

6 Large drop in the readings

If the shock pulse level drops after a sequence of
normal readings, you have either a malfunction of the
instrument, a failure in a transducer installation, or a
serious bearing fault.
Check the instrument by measuring on some other
bearing. In case of an installed transducer, try to get
a reading by tapping on the bearing housing. If your
reading is correct, it is possible that one of the bearing
races is slipping, either on the shaft or in the housing. In
case of a heavily loaded bearing with previous readings
in the red zone, suspect cage failure.

29
Confirming bearing damage

On receiving the typical bearing damage signal – high dBm, large

difference between dBm and dBc, random peaks, strongest signal
on the bearing housing – you must confirm one of the following
causes for the reading:
• tapping of loose parts against the bearing housing
• excessive bearing play in combination with vibration
• particles in the lubricant
• bearing damage.
Interference can usually be detected by a careful inspection.

Lubrication test
A lubrication test is the best means to reach a conclusive ver-
dict:
• Make sure that the lubricant is clean and not contaminated.
• Lubricate the bearing and repeat the measurement. Meas-
ure immediately after lubricating and again a few hours later.

Make sure that the lubricant reaches the bearing. Typically, you
will get the following results:

A The shock pulse level remains constant. The signal is caused

by interference or cross talk from another bearing.

B The shock pulse level drops immediately after lubricating

and remains low. Foreign particles in the bearing were re-
moved by the fresh lubricant.

C The shock pulse level drops immediately after lubricating

but rises again within a few hours.
The bearing is damaged.

Note that metal particles in the lubricant can originate from the
bearing itself. Measure the bearing again over the next few days
and make sure that the values stay low.

30
Readings on gear boxes

Shock pulses can sometimes spread through a machine

housing without significant damping. This means that the
shock pulses from the bearing with the highest shock
pulse level can, under unfavourable circumstances, inter-
fere with the readings on all the other bearings.

The problem is aggravated when the bearings are of dif-

ferent sizes and rotating at different speeds, as in a gear
box. A bearing with high rotational speed has a high dBi
value and generates relatively strong pulses even when 1 Readings with dBi = “--” reveal
its operating condition is good. The same shock pulse the stronger source
level measured on a bearing with a low dBi may indicate
bad bearing condition.

In such cases, you must proceed as follows:

1 Take a reading with dBi set to “--” on all bearings.
This will reveal the strongest shock pulse source on
the machine. In the example in the figure, you get
a reading of 53 dBsv for bearing A and 47 dBsv for Cross talk !?
bearing B.
NOTE! When taking readings with dBi set to “--”
the evaluation in Green - Yellow- Red does not
2 Cross talk must go from the
apply! See also chapters “Normalized shock pulse
stronger to the weaker source
values with dBi” and “Input data”.
2 Work out the direction of possible cross talk. You
know that the stronger source can mask the signal
of the weaker source. In this case, cross talk must
go from bearing A to bearing B.
3 Subtract the dBi values from the dBsv values. In the
example, you get 26 dBN for bearing A, 40 dBN for
bearing B.

You can now draw two conclusions: The reading for

bearing A, coming from the stronger source, is probably
accurate. The bearing condition is reduced (26 dB = yel- 3 The reading from the
low zone) but not seriously so. stronger source is
normally accurate
The reading from bearing B is either true or false. If true,
it indicates bad bearing condition (40 dB = red zone), but The reading from the
you cannot confirm that with the instrument before con- weaker source cannot
dition gets worse and bearing B becomes the stronger be confirmed
shock pulse source. Your solution is to take frequent
readings and compare the results from both bearings.

31
Evaluation flow chart

Good bearing condition, installation and lubrication.

Locate the signal source. The reading can be caused by

Adjacent to
cross talk from other defective bearings or disturbances
the bearing
from other mechanical shocks. If possible, isolate the
Where housing
source of disturbance and test again.
do you
get the
highest
On the Check the value of adjacent bearings.
reading?
bearing
Are the signals from these bearings similar to the tested
housing
bearing?

Adjacent to Locate the signal source. The reading can be caused by

the bearing interference from other defective bearings, cavitation
Where housing in pumps or mechanical rubbing. If possible, isolate the
do you source of disturbance and test again.
get the
highest
reading? On the
bearing
housing Newly installed bearing?

Locate the signal source. If possible, isolate the source of

Adjacent to disturbance and test again.
the bearing
Where housing
do you
get the Probable causes:
highest • The shaft rubs against the bearing housing or the end of
reading? On the
the shaft rubs against the bearing cap.
bearing
• Gear tooth damage
housing
• Other mechanical rubbing

Locate the signal source.

Probable causes:
• Load or pressure shocks from equipment installed on
the machine frame.
Adjacent to
the bearing • Other mechanical shocks from the machine’s operation
Where housing If possible, isolate the source of disturbance and test
do you again.
get the
highest
reading? On the Probable causes:
bearing • Load or pressure shocks in the machine’s operation
housing causing mechanical shocks in the bearing.
• Individual gear tooth damage
• Bearing damage

No signal or only a very low value can be obtained.

32
 Probable causes: If possible, lubricate The reading drops but increases again within a few hours.
• Bearing damage. the bearing and Cause: bearing damage.
No Measure in shorter in- check the reading at Shorten measuring intervals to follow the progress of the
tervals, follow the pro- the same time. damage.
gress of the damage . When lubricating,
• Foreign particles in check that the lubri-
the lubricant. cant penetrates into The reading drops to normal level and does not increase
Can also be caused by the bearing. again. Cause: foreign particles in the bearing which have
disturbance from loose been removed by the new lubricant.
bearing cap, protecting
cover or similar items.
If possible, isolate the The reading does not drop.
source of disturbance
Probable causes: disturbances from loose bearing cap,
and test again.
protecting cover or similar items.
Can also be caused by: Large bearing damage.

Probable causes: axial shocks, load shocks, defec-

Yes tive shaft coupling, gear tooth damage, cross talk
from other defective bearings.

The reading drops but the max. value increases again

within a few hours.
Probable causes: insufficient lubrication which probably
has caused minor bearing damage.
Probable causes: If possible, lubricate
No • Insufficient lubrica- the bearing and
tion, possibly in check the reading at The reading drops to normal level and does not increase
com-bination with the same time. again. Cause: insufficient lubrication.
minor bearing dam-
When lubricating,
age
check that the lubri-
• Cavitation in pumps cant penetrates into The reading does not drop.
• Mechanical rubbing the bearing. Probably causes:
• Gear tooth damage
• Cavitation in pumps
• Mechanical rubbing
• Gear tooth damage

The reading drops but the dBm increases again within a

Probable causes: If possible, lubricate few hours.
• Incorrect bearing the bearing and Probable causes: insufficient lubrication which probably
installation check the reading at has caused minor bearing damage.
• Insufficient lubrica- the same time.
tion possibly in com- When lubricating,
bination with minor check that the lubri- The reading drops to normal level and does not increase
Yes bearing damage cant penetrates into again. Cause: insufficient lubrication.
• Cavitation in pumps the bearing.
• Mechanical rubbing
• Gear tooth damage The reading does not drop.
Probably causes:
• Incorrect bearing installation
• Cavitation in pumps
• Mechanical rubbing
• Gear tooth damage

• Is the instrument and the Have normal values

transducer working ok? been previous ob-
• Is the measuring point cor- served? Probably causes:
rect? • The bearing’s inner ring is slipping on the shaft.
NOTE: Be suspicious
• Is the adapter or the trans- when sudden drastic • The bearing’s outer ring is slipping in the housing.
ducer correctly installed? Yes
changes in readings • The reading has been taken just after lubricating a
• Is the machine in operation? occur. grease lubricated bearing.

33
 Temperature Measurement
Temperature measurement is carried out with a contact-free
Measurement area
infrared sensor (IR). The sensor is placed on top of the instru-
ment, next to the probe transducer.

The window of the sensor is covered with a filter for infrared

radiation. If the window is covered or smudged with some other
material, e.g. water, the sensor will not be able to detect the
correct amount of radiation and the instrument will therefore
give an incorrect reading.

A polished metal surface emits less radiation than a painted

surface. If you want to measure on a polished metal surface,
you may have to attach a paper label or paint the surface to
get a correct reading.
Measurement
The viewing angle of the sensor is 60 degrees, giving a measur- indicator
ing area of 36 mm diameter at the distance of the probe tip.

To measure temperature:
the Main display, press the LEFT arrow key to enter Tem-
From ����
perature mode. Hold the probe tip against the surface you wish
to measure and press the measuring key to get a temperature
reading. For most accurate results, take two consecutive read-
ings a few seconds apart. Measurement will continue as long as
the measurement key, or the probe tip, is being pressed.

To return to the Main menu, press the LEFT arrow key.

Temperature measurement
NOTE: If you are using an optional transducer for shock pulse
measurement, measure temperature manually (see instruc-
tions in paragraph above).

Machine surface temperature is also measured automatically

when an SPM measurement is made:
To see the temperature reading after an SPM measurement,
Back/Return
use LEFT/RIGHT arrow keys to activate the Return icon in the
Bearing display, then press the UP arrow key to enter the Main Measure
display. Press the LEFT arrow key to enter Temperature mode
and see the reading. The value presented is always the latest
reading, whether automatically or manually (see above) meas-
ured. To return to the Main display, press the LEFT arrow key.

34
 Using the Stethoscope Function
The stethoscope function is useful for detecting machine
sound irregularities, such as load shocks and scraping.

Connect your headphones to the output connector (7).

From the Main display, use the RIGHT arrow button to
enter the Stethoscope mode. Hold the probe tip against
the object. Use UP/DOWN arrow keys to adjust the
volume (1-8).

NOTE! Setting the volume to the maximum level may (7)

harm your hearing.

To return to the Main display, press the LEFT arrow

key.

Stethoscope function

Back/Return
Volume (1–8)

35
 Technical Specifications
Casing/cover: ABS/PC, IP54
Size: 158 x 62 x 30 mm
(6.2 x 2.4 x 1.2 in)
Weight: 185 g (6.5 ounces) including battery
Keypad: Sealed membrane (silicone rubber)
Display: Graphic monochrome, 64 x 128 pixels, LED backlight
Bearing condition indication: �����������������������������������
Green, Yellow and Red light LEDs���
Measurement indication: Blue light LED
Power supply: 2 x 1.5 V AA batteries, alkaline or rechargeable
Battery life: > 20 hrs of normal use
Operating temperature: 0 to +50°C (32����������
to 122°F)
Input connector: Lemo coaxial, for external shock pulse transducers (probe or
quick connector)
Output connector: 3,5 mm stereo mini plug for headphones
General functions: Battery status display, trans��������������������������������������
�������������������������������������������
ducer line test, metric
���������������������
or
��������������
Imperial
units of measurement, language independent menus with
symbols, storage of up to 10 measurement values

Shock pulse measurement

Measurement technique: dBm/dBc, measuring range -9 to 90 dBsv, +3 dBsv
Transducer type: Built-in probe transducer

Temperature measurement
Temperature range: –10 to +185 °C (14 to 365°F)
Resolution: 1 °C (1°F)
Transducer type: Thermopile Sensor TPS 334/3161, built-in contact free IR-sensor

Stethoscope
Headphone mode: 8 level amplification

Article no.
IR30C IR30 Compact

Accessories

38444295 Transducer with quick connector for adapters

38444303 Belt holder for external probe transducer
38444311 Belt case for accessories
38444329 Protective cover with wrist strap

36
Maintenance and calibration

An instrument calibration, e.g. for the purpose of compliance with ISO quality standard requirements, is
recommended once a year. Please contact your Ingersoll Rand representative for service, upgrading the
software or calibration.

EU Directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment

WEEE is EU Directive 2002/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on waste electrical
and electronic equipment.

The purpose of this directive is, as a first priority, the prevention of waste electrical and electronic
equipment (WEEE), and in addition, the reuse, recycling and other forms of recovery of such wastes so
as to reduce the disposal of waste.

This product must be disposed of as electronic waste and is marked with a crossed-out wheeled bin
symbol in order to prevent it being discarded with household waste.

Once the life cycle of the product is over you can return it to your local Ingersoll Rand repre-
sentative for correct treatment, or dispose of it together with your other electronic waste.

37
 Follow-up form

.......................................

.......................................

.......................................

.......................................

.......................................

.......................................

dB i dB N
50
40
d 30
20
n
10
dB M
dB C

dB i dB N
50
40
d 30
20
10
n
dB M
dB C

dB i dB N
50
40
d 30
20
n
10
dB M
dB C

dB i dB N
50
40
d 30
20
10
n
dB M
dB C
Ingersoll-Rand Compressor data
Ingersoll-Rand Compressor dBi data

NIRVANA COMPRESSORS DBI DATA

Unit Size KW/HP A/E SIZE MR 1 MR 2 Max dBM

Single Stage
37/50 CF 90 29 29 50
45/60 CF 90 29 29 50
55/75 CE 128 26 26 50
75/100 CE 128 26 26 50
90/125 226WW 22 50 50
110/150 226WW 22 50 50
150/200 226WW 22 50 50
Two Stage
75/100 226/182 25 50 50
90/125 226/182 25 50 50
110/150 226/182 25 50 50
150/200 226/182 25 50 50

39
SIERRA COMPRESSORS DBI DATA - PAGE 1

Model Model BG-1 LPM 1 & 2 LPF 1 & 2 HPM 1 & 2 HPF 1 & 2
GHH I-R DBI DBI DBI DBI DBI
CD - 8 L 50 26 33 29 37 33
CD - 8 H 50 26 32 28 33 29
CD - 8 L 60 26 35 30 35 31
CD - 8 H 60 26 34 29 35 31
CD - 8 L 75 26 36 32 37 33
CD - 8 H 75 26 35 31 36 32
CD - 8 HH 75 26 35 30 34 30
CD - 8 L 100 26 38 34 39 35
CD - 8 H 100 26 38 34 38 34
CD - 8 HH 100 26 37 33 37 33
CD - 8 SL 37 25 33 29 34 30
CD - 8 SM 37 25 32 28 33 29
CD - 8 SL 45 25 35 30 35 31
CD - 8 SM 45 25 34 29 34 30
CD - 8 SL 55 25 36 32 37 33
CD - 8 SM 55 25 36 31 36 32
CD - 8 SH 55 25 35 31 35 31
CD - 8 SL 75 25 38 34 38 34
CD - 8 SM 75 25 38 34 38 34
CD - 8 SH 75 25 37 33 37 33
CD - 14 SL 90 24 33 28 36 30
CD - 14 SM 90 18 32 27 35 29
CD - 14 SH 90 18 32 27 34 28
CD - 14 SL 110 24 34 30 37 32
CD - 14 SM 110 24 34 30 37 31
CD - 14 SH 110 24 33 28 36 30
CD - 14 L 125 20 33 29 36 30
CD - 14 H 125 20 32 28 36 30
CD - 14 HH 125 20 32 28 34 29
CD - 14 SL 132 24 36 31 39 33
CD - 14 SM 132 24 35 31 38 32
CD - 14 SH 132 24 34 30 37 32
CD - 14 L 150 26 34 30 37 32
CD - 14 H 150 26 34 30 37 32
CD - 14 HH 150 20 33 29 36 30
CD - 14 SL 150 24 37 32 39 34
CD - 14 SM 150 24 36 32 40 34
CD - 14 SH 150 24 36 31 39 33

40
SIERRA COMPRESSORS DBI DATA - PAGE 2

Model Model BG-1 LPM 1 & 2 LPF 1 & 2 HPM 1 & 2 HPF 1 & 2
GHH I-R DBI DBI DBI DBI DBI
CD - 14 L 200 26 37 32 40 34
CD - 14 H 200 26 36 32 39 33
CD - 14 HH 200 26 35 31 38 32
CD - 26 L 250 22 33 29 36 31
CD - 26 H 250 22 32 29 36 30
CD - 26 HH 250 22 32 28 35 30
CD - 26 L 300 22 34 31 38 33
CD - 26 H 300 22 34 30 37 32
CD - 26 HH 300 22 33 29 36 31
CD - 26 L 350 22 36 32 39 34
CD - 26 H 350 22 35 31 38 33
CD - 26 HH 350 22 34 31 38 33
CD - 26 HH 400 22 36 32 39 34
CD - 26 SL 200 20 33 30 37 31
CD - 26 SM 200 20 33 29 36 31
CD - 26 SH 200 20 32 28 35 30
CD - 26 SL 250 20 36 32 39 33
CD - 26 SM 250 20 35 31 38 33
CD - 26 SH 250 20 32 28 35 30
CD - 26 SH 300 20 36 32 39 33

* USE DBI 25 AS THE VALUE FOR MOTOR BERING READINGS (MBRG)

41
SINGLE STAGE, SSR COMPRESSORS DBI DATA

60 HZ Models A/E SIZE MR 1 MR 2 MBGR

HP, EP, XF, 50 HP 127.5 MM 26 26 24
HP, EP, XF, 60 HP 127.5 MM 27 27 25
HP, EP, XF, 75 HP 178.5 MM 22 22 20
HP, EP, XF, 100 HP 178.5 MM 24 24 20
HP, EP, XF, 125 HP 226 MM 20 20 21
HP, EP, XF, 150 HP 226 MM 21 21 21
HP, EP, XF, 200 HP 226 MM 23 23 23
HP, EP, XF, 250 HP 226 MM 24 24 23
HP, EP, XF, 300 HP 226 MM 26 26 23
HP, EP, XF, 250 HP 304 MM 21 21 23
HP, EP, XF, 250 HP 255 MM 25 25 23
HP, EP, XF, 300 HP 255 MM 26 26 23
HPE, EPE, XFE, 300 HP 304 MM 23 20 23
HP, EP, XF, 350 HP 304 MM 24 24 23
HP, EP, XF, 400 HP 304 MM 25 25 23
HP, EP, XF, 450 HP 304 MM 26 26 23

* FOR ALL OTHER SINGLE STAGE OIL FLOODED MODELS NOT LISTED HERE
USE DBI 25 AS THE VALUE FOR MR1, MR2 AND MBRG

42
2-STAGE, SSR COMPRESSORS DBI DATA

60 HZ Models LP M1 LP M2 HP M1 HP M2 MBRG
DBI DBI DBI DBI DBI
XFE100-2S 18 18 18 18 21
EPE100-2S 18 18 17 17 21
HPE100-2S 18 18 16 16 21
XFE125-2S 21 21 19 19 21
EPE125-2S 20 20 19 19 21
HX/HPE125-2S 19 19 18 18 21
XFE150-2S 22 22 21 21 21
EPE150-2S 21 21 20 20 21
HX/HPE150-2S 21 21 20 20 21
XFE200-2S 25 25 23 23 23
EPE200-2S 24 24 22 22 23
HX/HPE200-2S 24 24 22 22 23
XFE250-2S 19 19 18 18 23
EPE250-2S 19 19 17 17 23
HPE250-2S 18 18 17 17 23
HXPE250-2S 16 16 15 15 23
XFE300-2S 21 21 20 20 23
EPE300-2S 20 20 18 18 23
HPE300-2S 20 20 18 18 23
HXPE300-2S 18 18 17 17 23
XFE350-2S 22 22 21 21 23
EPE350-2S 21 21 20 20 23
HPE350-2S 21 21 19 19 23
HXPE350-2S 21 21 20 20 23
XFE400-2S 23 23 21 21 23
EPE400-2S 23 23 21 21 23
HPE400-2S 22 22 20 20 23
HXPE400-2S 20 20 18 18 23
XFE450-2S 24 24 22 22 23
EPE450-2S 24 24 22 22 23
HPE450-2S 23 23 21 21 23
HXPE450-2S 21 21 20 20 23
XFE500-2S 25 25 23 23 23
EPE500-2S 24 24 22 22 23
HPE500-2S 24 24 22 22 23
HXPE500-2S 22 22 21 21 23

43
Oil Flooded Screw Compressors

HP Models Air End MR1 DBI MR2 DBI MR RPM Drive

7.5-10 ESP CE55R2 20 20 3055 Belt
7.5-10 ESP/SE/”Lynx”Belt CE55R3 25 25 Belt
15 ESP CE55R2 Belt
15 ESP/SE/”Lynx”Belt CE55R3 Belt
3 ESP 66MM 14 14 1850 Belt
5 ESP 66MM 19 19 3400 Belt
7,5 SE EP 7.5 66MM 19 19 3376 Belt
7,5 SE HP 7.5 66MM 18 18 2981 Belt
7,5 SE XP 7.5 66MM 17 17 2565 Belt
10 SE EP 10 66MM 21 21 4157 Belt
10 SE XP 10 66MM 19 19 3520 Belt
30-40 SE EP 30 CF75D5 25 25 4365 Belt
30-40 SE HP 30 CF75D5 24 24 4075 Belt
30-40 SE HXP 30 CF75D5 22 22 3225 Belt
30-40 SE EP 40 CF75D5 27 27 5655 Belt
30-40 SE HP 40 CF75D5 26 26 5310 Belt
30-40 SE HXP 40 CF75D5 25 25 4316 Belt
15-25 EP15U U85MM 26 26 Belt
15-25 HP15U U85MM 25 25 4718 Belt
15-25 XP15U U85MM 24 24 4314 Belt
15-25 EP25U U85MM 30 30 Belt
15-25 HP 25U U85MM 29 29 7168 Belt
15-25 XP25U U85MM 28 28 6616 Belt
20-30 XF thru HXP "Jaguar" 85 MM 26 26 Belt
15-25 SE Model 90 MM 27 27 Belt
20-25 ESP 90 MM 27 27 Belt
25-40 EPE U100 25 25 Belt
25-40 HPE U100 28 28 Belt
25-40 XPE U100 35 35 Belt
30-50 30 ESP 100 MM 23 23 Belt
25 SE Models 100 MM 21 21 Belt
30 SE Models 100 MM 23 23 Belt
40 SE Models 100 MM 25 25 Belt
50 SE Models 100 MM 28 28 Belt

44
Ingersoll-Rand Compressor Log form

NIRVANA COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG

Customer
Model
S/N

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DATE
Loaded Hours
Total Hours

SHOCK PULSE DATA TABLES

Loaded Data

dBN MR 1 - DBI:
60
50
40
30
20
10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM
DBC

dBN MR 2 - DBI:
60
50
40
30
20
10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM
DBC

KEY: MR 1 Male Rotor, Position 1, Thrust Bearing End

MR 2 Male Rotor, Position 2, Motor End

Comments:

45
2 STAGE COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG ( PAGE 1 )

Customer
Model
S/N

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DATE
Loaded Hours
Total Hours

SHOCK PULSE DATA TABLES

Loaded Data Unloaded Data

dBN LPM 1 - DBI: dBN LPM 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN LPM 2 - DBI: dBN LPM 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN HPM 1 - DBI: dBN HPM 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN HPM 2 - DBI: dBN HPM 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

46
2 STAGE COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG ( PAGE 2 )

Loaded Data Unloaded Data

dBN MRBG - DBI: dBN MRBG - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

KEY: LPM 1 Low Pressure Male Rotor, Gear End

LPM 2 Low Pressure Male Rotor, Non Drive End
HPM 1 High Pressure Male Rotor, Non Drive End
HPM 2 High Pressure Male Rotor, Drive End
MBRG Motor Bearing, Located on Perimeter of Motor "D" Flange
See diagram for exact locations

Comments:

47
SINGLE STAGE OIL FLOODED COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG

Customer
Model
S/N

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DATE
Loaded Hours
Total Hours

SHOCK PULSE DATA TABLES

Loaded Data Unloaded Data

dBN MR 1 - DBI: dBN MR 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN MR 2 - DBI: dBN MR 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN MRBG - DBI: dBN MRBG - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

KEY: MR 1 Male Rotor, Position 1, Thrust Bearing End

MR 2 Male Rotor, Position 2, Motor End
MBRG Motor Bearing, Gear End

48
SIERRA COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG ( PAGE 1 )

Customer
Model
S/N

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DATE
Loaded Hours
Total Hours

SHOCK PULSE DATA TABLES

Loaded Data Unloaded Data

dBN LPM 1 - DBI: dBN LPM 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN LPM 2 - DBI: dBN LPM 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN LPF 1 - DBI: dBN LPF 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN LPF 2 - DBI: dBN LPF 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

49
SIERRA COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG ( PAGE 2 )

Loaded Data Unloaded Data

dBN HPM 1 - DBI: dBN HPM 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN HPM 2 - DBI: dBN HPM 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN HPF 1 - DBI: dBN HPF 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN HPF 2 - DBI: dBN HPF 2 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

dBN BG 1 - DBI: dBN BG 1 - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

50
SIERRA COMPRESSORS - SPM LOG ( PAGE 3 )

Loaded Data Unloaded Data

dBN MRBG - DBI: dBN MRBG - DBI:

60 60
50 50
40 40
30 30
20 20
10 10

VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 VISIT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DBM DBM
DBC DBC

KEY: BG 1 Bull Gear Bearing, Located on the Perimeter of Bull Gear Bearing Housing, Motor Side
MBRG Motor Bearing, Located on Perimeter of Motor "D" Flange
See diagram for A/E measuring points exact locations

Comments:

51
 Ingersoll-Rand measuring point location

IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.
SINGLE STAGE OIL FLOODED - SPM

MBRG
MEASURING POINTS

MR2
MR1

52
IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

MBRG
2 STAGE - SPM MEASURING POINTS

LPM1
HPM1 HPM2
LPM2

53
IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

LPM1
LPF1
SIERRA AIREND - SPM MEASURING POINTS

LPF2
LPM2
HPF1
HPM1

HPF2
HPM2

54
IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

MR2
NIRVANA AIREND - SPM MEASURING POINTS

MR1

55
 CE55, 74mm, 7.5-15HP
SPM Measuring Points

MR1 MR2

IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

56
 Service Team

20-30HP SPM Measuring Points

85mm

MR2 MR1 MR2

100mm
UP Series

IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

57
 Service Team

U-Series SPM Measuring Points

MR1

MR2

60-100HP, ESP, SPM Measuring Points

MR1 MR2

IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

58
 Service Team
SE SPM Measuring Points

MR1 MR2
304mm, SPM Measuring Points

IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

59
 SHOCK PULSE DATA ACQUISITION
NIRVANA COMPRESSOR

Shock Pulse data acquisition procedure is the same for either model of Nirvana.

Two points will be measured:

MR2
• Male Rotor, thrust end
(MR1)

• Male Rotor, motor end

(MR2)
MR1

DBI Data

Unit Size (KW/HP) DBI - MR1 DBI - MR2

37/50 & 45/60 29 29
55/75 & 75/100 26 26
90/125 - 150/200 25 25
75/100 - 150/200 (2-stage) 25 25

The hand held probe can be used. Should you so desire, the housing can be
drilled and tapped for the shock pulse studs using the countersink tool 39262993,
M-10 tap, and the studs furnished in Kit 42464602.

Procedure:

With the compressor pressure set point in any position from 90 to 145 PSI, set the
compressor control to “Fixed Speed”. The compressor will now range in speed
from 5,400 to 4,750 RPM for the 60 HP, 3,500 to 2,925 RPM for the 100 HP,
3,000 to 2,380 RPM for the 200 HP and 2,900 to 2,300 RPM for the 200-2S.

While this speed fluctuation may seem like a lot, it affects Decibel Initial values by
only one point. Trend the delta between dBc and dBm to foresee oncoming
issues.

IR Confidential: The contents of this publication may not be reproduced, in any form, without the permission of Ingersoll-Rand.

60
 SPM for Nirvana Compressors
Nirvana Air End—Contact Cooled
SPM Measuring Points

M
R2
M
R1

dBi Values
Nirvana Compressors dBi Data
Unit Size Kw/Hp A/E Size MR1 MR2 Max dBm
Single Stage
37/50 29 29 50
CF 90
45/60 29 29 50
55/75 26 26 50
CD 128
75/100 26 26 50
90/125 22 22 50
110/150 22 22 50
226 WW
150/200 22 22 50
Two Stage
75/100 25 25 50
90/125 226/182 25 25 50
110/150 25 25 50
150/200 25 25 50

61
Diagnostics Training Manual SPM for Nirvana Compressors
Ingersoll Rand Global Service Education Team
Issue: 06/Davidson, March, 2006. ©Ingersoll Rand Proprietary Information
 SPM for Nirvana Compressors
Nirvana Air End—Oil Free
90KW/125HP - 160KW/200HP Units
Shock Pulse data acquisition procedure is the same
for either model of Nirvana.

Five points will be measured:

dBi Values
LPM1 LPM2 HPM1 HPM2 BG
IRN90KW / 125HP-OF 33 33 36 36 20

IRN110KW/150HP-OF 34 34 37 37 26

IRN132KWHP-OF(ESA) Only 34 34 37 37 26

IRN160KW/200HP-OF 36 36 39 39 26

Procedure:
The Compressor should be running at or near
maximum speed and pressure.

Set dBi in the instrument, and acquire data in the

normal manual manner outlined in APDD 741 or
APDD 766.

62
Diagnostics Training Manual SPM for Nirvana Compressors
Ingersoll Rand Global Service Education Team
Issue: 06/Davidson, March, 2006. ©Ingersoll Rand Proprietary Information
 dBi Values for Rotary Compressors
60Hz Single Stage Belt Driven Units

Single Stage Belt Driven, SSR Compressors dBi Data

MR1 MR2 MR Max dBm
HP 60 Hz Models A/E Size dBi dBi RPM Drive
ESP 20 20 3055 38 Belt
7.5-10 CE55R2
ESP/SE/"Lynx" Belt 25 25 40 Belt
CE55R3
ESP 20 20 38 Belt
15 CE55R2
ESP/SE/"Lynx" Belt 25 25 40 Belt
CE55R3
3 ESP 14 14 1850 35 Belt
5 ESP 19 19 3400 38 Belt
SE EP 7.5 66 mm 19 19 3376 40 Belt
7.5
SE HP 7.5 18 18 2981 40 Belt
SE XP 7.5 17 17 2565 38 Belt
SE EP 10 21 21 4157 44 Belt
10
SE XP 10 19 19 3520 44 Belt
SE EP 30 25 25 4365 45 Belt
30-40
SE HP 30 24 24 4075 45 Belt
SE HXP 30 CF75D5 22 22 3225 45 Belt
SE EP 40 27 27 5655 50 Belt
SE HP 40 26 26 5310 50 Belt
SE HXP 40 25 25 4316 45 Belt
EP15U 26 26 45 Belt
15-25
HP15U 25 25 4718 45 Belt
XP15U U85 mm 24 24 4314 45 Belt
EP25U 30 30 48
HP 25U 29 29 7168 50 Belt
XP25U 28 28 6616 50 Belt
20-30 XF thru HXP "Jaguar" 85 mm 26 26 45 Belt
15-25 SE Model 27 27 45 Belt
90 mm
20-25 ESP 27 27 45 Belt
EPE 25 25 45 Belt
25-40
HPE U100 28 28 45
XPE 35 35 45 Belt
30-50 30 ESP 23 23 45 Belt
25 100 mm 21 21 40 Belt
30 SE Models 23 23 45 Belt
40 25 25 45 Belt
50 28 28 50 Belt

63
Diagnostics Training Manual dBi Values for Rotary Compressors
Ingersoll Rand Global Service Education Team
Issue: 06/Davidson, March, 2006. ©Ingersoll Rand Proprietary Information
 dBi Values for Rotary Compressors
Acceptable Values-Different Airend Sizes

The following lists are for recent and current NOTE:

Production Air Ends used in Oil Flooded Screw Maximum dBm Values are subject to change
Compressors and give Decibel Initial Values, and
projected maximum dBm values indicating repair
requirement.

Maximum
Airend CCN HP Used in Model(s) Drive M.R. RPM dBi Value
(Ave.) dBm
CE55R2 42437491 7.5-10 ESP Belt 3055 20 38
42437483 15 ESP
CE55R3 39248117 7.5-10 ESP/SE/”Lynx” Belt 25 40
15
66MM 39230131 3 ESP Belt 1850 14 35
5 ESP Belt 3400 19 38
7.5 SE EP 7.5 Belt 3376 19 40
7.5 SE HP 7.5 Belt 2981 18 40
7.5 SE XP 7.5 Belt 2565 17 38
10 SE EP 10 Belt 4157 21 44
10 SE XP 10 Belt 3520 19 44
CF75D5 39225297 30-40 SE EP 30 Belt 4365 25 45
30-40 SE HP 30 Belt 4075 24 45
30-40 SE HXP 30 Belt 3225 22 45
30-40 SE EP 40 Belt 5655 27 50
30-40 SE HP 40 Belt 5310 26 50
30-40 SE HXP 40 Belt 4316 25 45
U85MM 39694708 15-25 EP15U Belt 26 45
15-25 HP15U Belt 4718 25 45
15-25 XP15U Belt 4314 24 45
15-25 EP25U Belt 30 48
15-25 HP 25U Belt 7168 29 50
15-25 XP25U Belt 6616 28 50
85 MM 39895230 20-30 XF thru Belt 26 45
HXPJaguar”
90 MM 39845052 15-25 SE Model Belt 27 45
20-25 ESP Belt 27 45

64
Diagnostics Training Manual dBi Values for Rotary Compressors
Ingersoll Rand Global Service Education Team
Issue: 06/Davidson, March, 2006. ©Ingersoll Rand Proprietary Information
 dBi Values for Rotary Compressors
Acceptable Values-Different Airend Sizes
Maximum
Airend CCN HP Used in Model(s) Drive M.R. RPM dBi Value
(Ave.) dBm
CF 90 42455501 60 HP60ESP Gear 25 50
42448654 60 XF60ESP Gear 25 50
42448662 75 XF75ESP Gear 25 50
42427716 60 EP60ESP Gear 25 50
42427724 76 EP75ESP Gear 25 50
U100 39694716 25-40 EPE25,30,40U Belt 25 45
HPE25,30,40U Belt 28 45
XPE25,30,40U Belt 35 45
100 MM 42377028 30-50 30 ESP Belt 23 45
25 SE Models Belt 21 40
30 SE Models Belt 23 45
40 SE Models Belt 25 45
50 SE Models Belt 28 50
100 MM 39036967 15-40 Gear 25 45
39675814 50 ESP & SSR Gear 28 48
127.5MM 39014469 50-60 XFE, EPE, HPE Gear 27 50
178.5MM 39632146 75-100 XF, EP, HP Gear 27 50
39605449 “Cougar” 25 50-54
226MM 39014600 150-300 XF, EP, HP Gear 25 50-54
255MM 39656194 250-300 XF, EP, HP Gear 25 50-54
304MM 39632237 300-450 XF, EP, HP Gear 26 50-54
(“Fat Man”)
304MM 42379362 300-450 XF, EP, HP Gear 26 50-54
350MM 39014634 Gear 25 50-54
255/204MM 39072343 900 60 HZ Gear See Book 52-55
39072350 1200 60 HZ Gear See Book 52-55
42362715 1350 60 HZ Gear See Book 52-55
226/182MM 39871082 100,200SSR 2 Stage Gear See Book 52-55
297/250MM 42389429 250-450SSR 2 Stage Gear See Book 52-55
45 KW “Nirvana” Shock Pulse Data Is Acquired At “Fixed Speed” 29 50
75 KW “Nirvana” Shock Pulse Data Is Acquired At “Fixed Speed” 26 50
Notes: Decibel Maximum values are acquired with the compressor at full load and pressure. Unloaded values,
while useful, are not the dominant values used to make decisions regarding bearing replacement.
Two stage oil flooded units will always have unloaded dBm values significantly higher than loaded values.
Therefore, unloaded dBm / dBc values must be noted, but discarded.

65
Diagnostics Training Manual dBi Values for Rotary Compressors
Ingersoll Rand Global Service Education Team
Issue: 06/Davidson, March, 2006. ©Ingersoll Rand Proprietary Information