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Refraction Experiment with Prism

The document outlines an experiment to trace the path of light rays through a glass prism, focusing on the angle of deviation. It details the materials required, step-by-step procedure, observations, conclusions, and precautions necessary for conducting the experiment. Key findings include the behavior of light rays as they enter and exit the prism, and how the angle of deviation changes with varying angles of incidence.

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50 views3 pages

Refraction Experiment with Prism

The document outlines an experiment to trace the path of light rays through a glass prism, focusing on the angle of deviation. It details the materials required, step-by-step procedure, observations, conclusions, and precautions necessary for conducting the experiment. Key findings include the behavior of light rays as they enter and exit the prism, and how the angle of deviation changes with varying angles of incidence.

Uploaded by

cdtshmaronpatro
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Practical-3

Refraction through glass prism


Aim
To trace the path of the rays of light through a glass prism.

Theory

Angle of deviation-

The angle of deviation is defined as the angle between the extended incident ray and the
emergent ray.

Materials Required
 A white sheet
 Soft board
 Thumb pins
 4-6 all pins
 Prism
 Pencil
 Scale
 Protractor
 Drawing board
Procedure
1. Fix a white sheet on a drawing board using drawing pins.
2. Place the triangular prism resting on its triangular base. Using a pencil, draw the outline of the
prism.
3. Draw NEN normal to the face of the prism AB. Make an angle between 30° and 60° with the
normal.
4. On the line PE, fix two pins at a distance of 5cm from each other and mark these as P and Q.
5. Look for the images of the pins at P and Q through the other face of the prism AC.
6. Fix two pins at R and S such that they appear as a straight line as that of the P and Q when it is
viewed from the AC face of the prism.
7. Remove the pins and the prism.
8. At point F, make the points R and S meet by extending them.
9. PQE is the incident ray which is extended till it meets face AC. SRF is the emergent ray which is
extended backward to meet at point G.
10. Now mark the angle of incidence ∠i, angle of refraction ∠r and the angle of emergence ∠e and the
angle of deviation ∠D as shown in the experimental setup.
11. Repeat the experiment for more angles between 30° and 60°.

Observations
1. At surface AB, the light ray enters and bends towards the normal on refraction.
2. At surface AC, the light ray bends away from the normal as it travels from one medium (glass) to
the other (air).
3. The angle of deviation is observed. Here, the emergent ray bends at an angle from the direction of
the incident ray.

Conclusion
1. The incident ray bends towards the normal when it enters the prism and while leaving the prism it
bends away from the normal.
2. With the increase in the angle of incidence, the angle of deviation decreases. After attaining the
minimum value, it increases with an increase in the angle of incidence.

Precautions
 For drawing the boundary of the prism, a sharp pencil should be used.
 Soft board and pointed pins should be used.
 The distance between the pins should be 5cm or more.
 The pins should be fixed vertically and should be encircled when they are removed from the board.
 The angle of incidence should be between 30° and 60°.
 The arrows drawn for incident ray, reflected ray and emergent ray should be proper.
 For viewing the co-linearity of all four pins and images, the head should be slightly tilted on either
side. While doing this it can appear as if all are moving together.

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