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Understanding Energy for Grade 3

Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change, existing in various forms such as kinetic and potential energy. The document discusses energy storage, conservation laws, and includes problems related to the efficiency of different systems like light bulbs, machines, and car engines. It also mentions the relationship between efficiency and Sankey diagrams for visualizing energy flow and losses.

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Anusha Tripathi
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39 views2 pages

Understanding Energy for Grade 3

Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change, existing in various forms such as kinetic and potential energy. The document discusses energy storage, conservation laws, and includes problems related to the efficiency of different systems like light bulbs, machines, and car engines. It also mentions the relationship between efficiency and Sankey diagrams for visualizing energy flow and losses.

Uploaded by

Anusha Tripathi
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

What is energy?

Ability to do work or cause change. Therefore, energy = work.


V = W/Q implies V = E/Q so, E = QV.

In this chapter we will see how energy is held and moved within systems. So, when
energy is stored/held, the place of storage is called energy stores. These simply
refer to the different ways energy can be held in a system.
Types:
1. KE - energy is stored in a moving system

Energy exists in many forms in nature.

We can categorize energy into potential energy and kinetic energy. We can
categorize energy sources into renewable and non renewable energy sources.

Where did energy conservation law come from? What about energy created from nuclear
reactions? E = mc^2 and explaining the importance of every term in the statement of
the law. Closed system, etc.

Problems:
---------
Problem 1: Efficiency of a Light Bulb

A light bulb is rated at 60 watts and it converts 10% of the electrical energy it
consumes into light. The rest is converted into heat.

Calculate the amount of electrical energy converted into light per second.
Determine the amount of electrical energy converted into heat per second.

Problem 2: Efficiency of a Mechanical System


Problem:

A machine performs work with an input energy of 2000 joules. It does useful work of
1500 joules.

Calculate the efficiency of the machine.


Determine the amount of energy wasted by the machine.

Problem 3:

A water heater uses 1500 watts of electrical power to heat water. If it takes 10
minutes to heat the water, how much energy is transformed into heat?

Problem 4: Efficiency of a Car Engine


Problem:

A car engine provides 40,000 joules of useful mechanical work while consuming
100,000 joules of chemical energy from fuel.

Calculate the efficiency of the car engine.


Determine the amount of energy wasted by the engine.

Problem 5:
A ball is dropped from a height of 20 meters. Assuming no air resistance, calculate
the following:

The potential energy of the ball at the initial height.


The kinetic energy of the ball just before it hits the ground.
Efficiency and Sankey diagrams relation. Calculating efficiency by looking at
Sankey diagram

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