0% found this document useful (0 votes)
35 views11 pages

BAPOROWAX: Automated Floor Cleaning Robot

The document outlines a proposal for the development of BAPOROWAX, a battery-powered robot designed for efficient floor waxing and cleaning. It aims to address specific problems related to cleaning effectiveness, speed of operation, and challenges in production and implementation. The proposal includes a review of related literature and studies that highlight the advancements in robotic cleaning technology and its applications in various settings.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
35 views11 pages

BAPOROWAX: Automated Floor Cleaning Robot

The document outlines a proposal for the development of BAPOROWAX, a battery-powered robot designed for efficient floor waxing and cleaning. It aims to address specific problems related to cleaning effectiveness, speed of operation, and challenges in production and implementation. The proposal includes a review of related literature and studies that highlight the advancements in robotic cleaning technology and its applications in various settings.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

BAPOROWAX ( BATTERY-POWERED ROBOT FOR FLOOR WAXING AND

CLEANING )

A Science Investigatory Project Proposal


Submitted to the Science, Technology, Engineering Department
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in
Practical Research I

Pedro S. Tolentino Memorial Integrated School


Ilijan, Batangas City

Shane Andrei G. Cueto


Jillian Grace S. Dote
Jeremy B. Ramirez

Janice Perez
Research Adviser

January 2025
General Problem

The aim of the study is to design and develop the BAPOROWAX (BATTERY-

POWERED ROBOT FOR FLOOR WAXING AND CLEANING ) as an efficient tool for

floor maintenance that contributes automated floor waxing and cleaning process as it

ensures the time management more effectively.

Specific Problems
1. How the BAPOROWAX effectively clean in terms of:

1.1. Coverage Area

1.2. Speed of Operation

2. What is the average time taken for BAPOROWAX to clean and wax the

designated area in terms of:

2.1. Floor Wax Exertion

2.2. Floor Mapping

3. What are the challenges encountered in the production and implementation of

BAPOROWAX for floor waxing and cleaning function?

4. Is there a significant difference between applying the floor wax using the device

and applying the floor wax manually?

Statement of the Problem

In this study, it aims to design and develop a robot for floor waxing

and cleaning to ensure uniform cleaning and maintenance.

Specifically, this study aimed to address the following questions:


1. Determine the effectiveness of BAPOROWAX in terms of:

1.1. Coverage Area

1.2. Speed of Operation

2. Determine the speed of BAPOROWAX in terms of:

2.1. Floor Wax Exertion

2.2. Floor Mopping

3. What are the recommendations for the efficiency of robots on floor

waxing and cleaning that can be improved for better performance?

4. Is there a significant difference between applying the floor wax using

the device and applying the floor wax manually?


CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter contains related literature and studies which serves as a

foundation for the research conducted. The following studies and concepts are found

to be significant and relevant to the present study.

Related Literature

Foreign Literature

Cleaning robots have a variety of functions across various HRC models,

including Supervised Autonomy, Shared Control, Cobotic Systems, and a number of

others. These models include combinations of robotic skills and human guidance that

are tailored to the types of cleaning tasks and the environment. Each model shows a

particular collaboration between human operators and robots, with roles ranging from

direct supervision to increased autonomy, where robots learn and adapt from human

feedback. (Khanna, S., 2022)

Because they can clean well and efficiently without requiring human

assistance, autonomous floor-cleaning robots, or AFCRs, have grown in popularity.

In both residential and commercial settings, these robots are capable of carrying out

a variety of cleaning duties, including vacuuming, mopping, scrubbing, and sweeping.

The purpose of this study is to describe significant technological developments as the

use of floor-cleaning robots grows. (Butaney, S., et al. 2024)


An automated floor cleaner is a small robotic device that cleans floors in large

spaces. In essence, it provides cleaning tasks and removes human error like a

[Link] more effectively. There's a chance that if we scrub the floor by hand, the

operator will leave a section of the floor. (Pavithra, J. A., et al. 2023)

A large robot cleaner may struggle to clean small corners, while a smaller one

may not be powerful enough to clean large areas or workshops. (Khodos, D., et al.,

2020) As supported by Pavithra, J. A., et al. (2023) the robot's small size allows us to

carry it around and place it anywhere in the house. In industries, the robot is a very

cost-effective alternative to manual labor because of its flexibility, efficiency, and time

savings, making it a clean option for floor cleaning.

More and more families are choosing hard floors, but without an advanced

and effective cleaner, according to the ISSA article, The Future of Floor Care. In the

current market, there is still a significant difference between industrial cleaning

systems and conventional manual cleaning techniques for hard floor cleaning.

Local Literature

A type of technology called a robotics cleaner makes tasks like dusting

easier. Students benefit from robotics as well because it can help them develop their

talents, gain a better understanding, and possibly even improve their future. The

modern world is full of robots. The extent to which robotics should be included into

society has been a topic of increasing debate. Robots execute surgeries, engage in

human warfare, labor in factories to make automobiles and other goods, learn and

think like people, and undertake tasks too risky for humans. (Sajul, P.R.F., et al.

2019)

As stated by Cagatin, J.V.P., et al. (2021) Robots enable higher

manufacturing for improved advancements. If properly coded, robots can reason

logically without emotions and make fewer mistakes than humans. It appears like the
world is getting more automated since robots are appearing in many fields; people

read about them in the newspapers and utilize them to make labor that is difficult and

efficient. It is a helpful tool for creating the impression that customers will find the

product easy to use, comfortable, and requiring less work.

The Automatic Floor Cleaner is necessary in the present era. Thus, the

cleaner is constructed in such a way that is capable of cleaning the space,

decreasing the human work merely by starting the cleaning unit. Foams are joined at

the middle while rotating in order to wipe the dirt clinging on the floor while moving. It

detects obstructions using ultrasonic sensors, which allows it to change course while

moving and keeps the cleaner from falling from a height. (Haravata, J.)

Bitor, S.C.A., et al (2021) discussed that robotic cleaners have garnered

significant attention in robotics research in recent years because of its ability to help

humans clean floors in a variety of settings, including homes, hotels, restaurants,

workplaces, hospitals, workshops, warehouses, and universities. Robotic cleaners

are essentially differentiated by their cleaning capabilities, such as floor mopping, dry

vacuuming, and non-autonomous disinfectant spraying (air and surface), among

others. A laser mapping technology is used in some devices, while ultrasonic sensors

are used in others for basic obstacle avoidance. Every cleaning and functioning

mechanism used by robotic floor cleaners and sanitizers has pros and cons of its

own.

According to Bolofer, E.L.T., et al. (2019) the development and programming

of a device of this type that is automatic and equipped with an applicator designed to

apply wax uniformly to a surface to be treated in a way that ensures a constant and

steady flow of liquid is obtained is relevant to improvements on floor wax applicators,

and more specifically to implement for applying liquid wax and polishing floors. This

will ensure a complete and thorough application of the liquid on the floor surface. By
just beginning the application of the liquid wax, the cleaner may effectively clean the

area while requiring less human labor.

Related Studies

Foreign Studies

Autonomous cleaning robots are now a practical way to reduce janitors'

workloads thanks to advancements in robotic technology. Participants were given

access to a video-based survey designed to assess the use of commercial-grade

cleaning robots. 117 participants' results showed that participants were less tolerant

when humans invaded their personal space than the cleaning robot and is preferable

to let nearby humans know that the cleaning robot has been sanitized to make them

feel safe and comfortable during the pandemic. In particular, companies could

redeploy their cleaning crews by designing and deploying autonomous cleaning

robots to perform monotonous and repetitive tasks, while keeping human workers for

more valuable and customer-facing tasks such as environmental perception, delicate

manipulation, and social communication. (Chen, Y., et al. 2022)

Khodos, D., et al. (2020) developed an innovative robotic vacuuming system

using two Omni-drive robots: a Slave Robot (SR) and a Master Robot (MR). The SR

sweeps dust and dirt from floor surfaces, while the MR calculates efficient paths and

empties garbage bins. The autonomous robots, programmed using ROS under Linux

Ubuntu, can navigate around obstacles and are primarily designed for commercial

office cleaning. Robot vacuums, equipped with lasers, sensors, and Wi-Fi, offer

autonomous home cleaning solutions. As cleaning companies' cleaning costs rise,

larger offices and industrial areas will benefit from an automatic cleaning system.

Large-scale indoor public areas are currently cleaned by employees operating

cleaning equipment. However, due to growing labor shortages, robots solutions are
replacing human labor in cleaning huge public facilities, such as stations, airport

terminals, and subterranean commercial districts. Numerous kinds of large-scale

cleaning robots have been presented as a result of the quick advancement of

automation and sensing technology. A cleaning robot that maps expansive indoor

areas and avoids obstructions using laser scanning is presented in the study by Liao,

T., et al. (2021). The robot's drive motor and vacuum cleaner are powered by direct

current, and it employs a laser rangefinder to control its motion. Along a

predetermined path, the robot may detect barriers and suction waste to finish the

cleaning work.

A study by (Pavithra, J. A., et al. 2023) revealed that robots that clean floors

automatically are a productive and economical way to clean floors, particularly in

expansive spaces like huge offices and industries. The potential for human

interaction is eliminated by these robots and offers comprehensive cleaning, saving

time and effort. The robot's parts consist of a motor shield L298; proximity sensor;

DC motor with infrared sensor; and microcontroller. The robot is controlled by utilizing

the DC motor as a driver and the proximity sensor as a distance detector, both of

which are managed by the microcontroller. The robot will activate the buzzer when

an infrared sensor finds an obstacle.

Elara, M.R., et al. (2022) conducted a study that proposes a "design by robot"

concept for floor cleaning robots, allowing them to suggest workspace modifications

to maximize area coverage. The robot analyzes the workspace through simulations

and uses metaheuristic optimization techniques like Particle Swarm Optimization,

Surrogate Optimization, and Generalized Pattern Search. Experiments validate this,

showing that workspace modifications can significantly improve robot area coverage

and user performance.

Local Studies
Burgos, O.N.G., et al. (2022) designed a robotic sweeper for indoor cleaning

tasks is introduced, consisting of three subsystems: electrical, software, and

mechanical. The microcontroller accepts commands to navigate the robot, while the

software controls the robot. The robot uses an algorithm to detect objects and display

the current trash location. When on the same axis, the microcontroller determines the

shortest path. The robot moves to the desired position and uses a conveyor cleaner

for cleaning.

Based on the study by Alcoser, J., et al. (2023) an Automatic Floor Cleaning

Robot (A.F.C.R) is a technology-driven device that autonomously cleans floors using

methods like sweeping, vacuuming, and mopping, making cleaning more efficient

and freeing up time for other tasks. It autonomously cleans floors using methods like

sweeping, vacuuming, and mopping. It can be programmed to operate at specific

times, increasing efficiency and productivity, reducing staff workload, and providing a

safer environment for students and faculty.

Monika, S., et al. (2019) developed a smart floor cleaning robot using an

Android app. The device uses a wireless robotic system to execute user commands.

The robot's Arduino Uno controller receives commands via Bluetooth, enabling

manual operation. The study provides insights into wireless connections for future

research.

K. Rara et al. developed a programmable robot capable of house cleaning,

including debris removal, scrubber use, dirty water removal, and floor drying, using a

vacuum suction effect and microcontroller programming.

On a study by Nunez, M.H.R., et al. (2019) implementing a Floor Disinfecting

Robot prototype by using Arduino Uno, Motor driver, and Ultra Sensor makes the

cleaning process become easier than manual disinfection. It is also considered as a

user-friendly device.
Blueprint

Common questions

Powered by AI

Cleaning robots face limitations in handling diverse cleaning tasks due to their current technological constraints. They can struggle with cleaning in tight spaces and intricate corners where manual cleaning tools might be more effective . Their performance may vary significantly across different floor types and surfaces, requiring updates or adjustments in algorithms for optimization . Additionally, robots may face challenges in environments with many obstacles, where navigation and effective cleaning need sophisticated sensor integration and software modulation . Regular maintenance demands and higher initial costs compared to manual methods also pose significant limitations for broader adoption .

Technological advancements significantly enhance the effectiveness of cleaning robots. Advanced sensors, such as ultrasonic and laser mapping, improve navigation and environmental understanding, allowing robots like BAPOROWAX to clean more effectively . Software improvements provide better decision-making capabilities, optimizing cleaning patterns and adapting to different floor types . Furthermore, improvements in battery technology increase operational time, enabling these robots to cover larger areas efficiently without needing frequent charges . These technological factors collectively increase the efficiency, precision, and adaptability of robotic cleaning systems.

BAPOROWAX offers several potential benefits over traditional manual floor waxing methods. It automates the waxing process, ensuring uniform application and efficient time management . Moreover, it reduces the manual effort required, which can be significant in larger areas , and minimizes human error, such as missing sections of the floor . The robot's ability to consistently exert the right amount of wax contributes to a steady finish without the inconsistencies typical in manual applications .

In commercial settings, there is a preference for automated floor waxing over manual methods due to increased efficiency, consistency, and time savings. Automated systems like BAPOROWAX can standardize the application of wax, ensuring even coverage and reducing waste . This precision is challenging to achieve manually over extensive floor areas. Furthermore, automation reduces the risk of human error and inconsistency in the quality of the waxing job . The automated process frees workers from repetitive tasks, allowing them to engage in more productive and customer-focused activities, thus enhancing the overall operational efficiency of commercial spaces .

There is a growing preference for autonomous cleaning systems over manual labor due to several key advantages. Autonomous systems significantly reduce labor costs, which is critical as cleaning expenses rise with labor shortages . These systems enhance efficiency by performing repetitive tasks reliably and consistently, thereby freeing human workers to focus on more complex and interactive tasks . Furthermore, robots provide a higher level of precision and coverage, especially in large indoor areas, where they can clean continuously without fatigue . Additionally, in contexts such as post-pandemic environments, autonomous robots reduce human interactions, thus maintaining sanitation levels while enhancing safety .

Several challenges could arise during the production and implementation of BAPOROWAX. These include technical difficulties in integrating sensors and software required for efficient navigation and operation, ensuring consistent quality in different floor environments, keeping the device user-friendly yet feature-rich, and overcoming cost barriers to make it economically viable for widespread adoption . Furthermore, adapting the robot to work in diverse settings and overcoming specific limitations, such as cleaning corners and hard-to-reach areas, can also be challenging .

The implementation of autonomous cleaning robots in domestic settings can substantially improve the quality of life by reducing time spent on chores, enhancing floor hygiene, and ensuring consistent cleaning routines . These robots offer convenience by performing tasks autonomously and adapting to specific user schedules, thus lowering the burden on household members. As a result, individuals can redirect their time and energy towards more engaging activities, leading to a more balanced lifestyle . Additionally, these robots often reach areas that might be difficult to clean manually, ensuring a higher standard of cleanliness in homes .

To improve area coverage of robots like BAPOROWAX, employing optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization or Generalized Pattern Search can be highly effective . These algorithms simulate and analyze workspace layout to suggest modifications that maximize cleaning coverage. Additionally, enhancing sensor technologies, such as integrating more sophisticated laser mapping or ultrasonic sensors, can allow robots to navigate and clean efficiently across complex and varied environments . Coordination of multiple robots for collaborative cleaning efforts can also optimize area coverage, particularly in large spaces .

Using autonomous cleaning robots like BAPOROWAX can significantly enhance workplace efficiency by automating mundane and repetitive tasks, improving cleaning consistency, and freeing human workers for more valuable tasks, such as maintenance and customer interactions . However, there are complex implications for employment; while robots may reduce the demand for low-skill manual labor positions in cleaning, they also create opportunities for jobs related to the management, maintenance, and operation of these technologies . This shift demands workforce upskilling and adaptation, emphasizing technological literacy in future job markets.

Coverage area and speed of operation are critical factors influencing the effectiveness of autonomous floor-cleaning robots. A larger coverage area allows the device to clean more space without repositioning, essential for efficiency in expansive environments . The speed of operation impacts not only the time taken to clean but also the thoroughness and quality of the cleaning, as slower operation might ensure more precise cleaning, while faster speeds may favor time-saving .

You might also like