SRES’s

Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.

Academic Year: 2024-25 Semester: Third (ODD)
Program: Civil Engineering Program Code: CE3K
Course Name: Strength of Materials Course Code: 313308
Total Pages:

CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION

Model Answer
Important Instruction to Examiners:
1) The answers should be examined by key words & not as word to word as given in the
model answers scheme.
2) The model answers & answers written by the candidate may vary but the examiner may
try to access the understanding level of the candidate.
3) The language errors such as grammatical, spelling errors should not be given more
importance.
4) While assessing figures, examiners, may give credit for principle components indicated
in the figure.
5) Credit may be given step wise for numerical problems. ln some cases, the assumed
contact values may vary and there may be some difference in the candidate's answers
and model answer.
6) ln case of some questions credit may be given by judgment on part of examiner of
relevant answer based on candidates understanding.
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

Sub
Que. Total
Que. Answer Marks
No. Marks
No.
1 Attempt any three of the following. 12
a State four assumptions made in theory of pure
bending:
Ans. Assumptions made in theory of pure bending:
i. The material of beam is homogeneous and
isotropic.
ii. The beam material is stressed within elastic
limit and thus obeys Hook’s law.
4
iii. The transverse section which were plane before
(Any
bending remains plane after bending.
four)
iv. The beam is subjected to pure bending. i.e effect
of shear stresses is totally neglected.
v. Each layer of the beam is free to expand or
contract independently of the layer above or
below it.
vi. Young’s modulus E, for the beam materials has
the same value in tension and compression.
b State the flexure formula & write meaning of each
term used in it.
Ans. The Flexure formula is,
M σ E
= =
I y R 4
Where,
M= Maximum Bending Moment
I= Moment of Inertia of the beam section about
neutral axis.
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

σ = Bending stress in a layer at a distance y from N.

A.
y= Distance of the layer from N. A. of the beam
cross-section.
E= Modulus of elasticity for beam material.
R= Radius of curvature.
c Write any four end conditions of column.
Ans. Following are the end conditions for column:
i. When both ends are hinged-

ii. When one end fixed and one end is hinged-

4
iii. When both ends re fixed-

iv. When end is free and another end is free-

 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

d Define core of the section with neat sketch.

Ans. Definition of core of the section:
“ 4
(2 marks
for
definition
and 2
marks for
sketch)

e Define limit of eccentricity for column. Explain

why load should act within the limit of
eccentricity for column.
Ans.

2 Attempt any three of the following. 18

a A cantilever beam is loaded as shown in figure
No.1. Draw SDF and BMD.

Ans. Step 1- To find Support Reaction:

Since Ʃ Fy = 0,
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

RA – (10 x 0.8) - 20= 0

RA = 28 kN.
Step 2- To find shear force values:
S.F. at section on just right of B= 0
S.F. at section on just left of B= 20 kN
S.F. at section on just right of A= 20 + (10 x 0.8)
= 28 kN.
S.F. at section on just left of A= 20 + (10 x 0.8)
– RA
= 20 + (10 x 0.8)
– 28
=0
Step 3- To find bending moment values:
B. M. at B= 0.
0.8
B. M. at A= – (20 x 0.8) – (10 x 0.8 x )
2
= 19.2 kN-m
Step 4- To draw SFD and BMD:
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

b Draw SFD and BMD for the beam loaded as

shown in figure No.2. Show all important values.

Step 1- To find Support Reaction:

Ans. Since Ʃ Fy = 0,
⸫ RA + RB – (18 x 1.5) - 45 = 0
⸫ RA + RB= 72 kN. ……………. Eq. (1)
Also, Ʃ MA = 0
1.5
⸫ (RB x 1.5) – (45 x 2.5) – (18 x 1.5 x ) =0
2
132.75
⸫ RB = = 88.5 kN
1.5
Put value of RB in eq. (2).
⸫ RA + 88.5= 72
⸫ RA = 72 – 88.5 = –16.5 kN. 6

Step 2- To find shear force values:

S.F. at section on just left of A= 0.
S.F. at section on just right of A= RA
= –16.5 kN
S.F. at section on just left of B= RA - (18 x 1.5)
= –16.5 –27
= –43.5 kN
S.F. at section on just right of B= –16.5–27–RB
= –16.5–27+88.5
= 45 kN
S.F. at section on just left of C= 45 kN
S.F. at section on just right of C= 45 – 45
=0
Step 3- To find bending moment values:
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

B. M. at A= 0.
B. M. at B= (RA x 2.5) – (18 x 1.5 x 1.75)
= (–16.5 x 1.5) – (18 x 1.5 x 0.75)
= –45 kN-m
B. M. at C= (RA x 2.5) – (18 x 1.5 x 1.75) + (RB
x 1)
= (–16.5 x 2.5) – (18 x 1.5 x 1.75) +
(88.5 x 1)
=0
Step 4- To draw SFD and BMD

c A T-section beam having flange 180 mm wide and

20 mm thick and web 150 mm long and 20 mm
thick carries a udl of 80 kN/m over an effective
span of 8 m. Calculate the maximum bending
stress. 6
Ans. Given Data:
Bf = 180 mm, df = 20 mm, Bw = 20 mm, dw = 150 mm.
Required:
σmax.
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

Solution:

Step 1- Area of the shapes.

A1= 180 x 20 = 3600 mm2
A2= 20 x 150 = 3000 mm2
A = A1 + A2 = 6600 mm2
Step 2- Centroid of Cross-section:
Y1= 160 mm
Y2= 75 mm
(A 1 x Y1 + A2 x Y2 )
Y=
A
(3600 x 160 + 3000 x 75)
=
6600
= 121.36 mm from reference x -axis.
⸫yt= 121.36 mm
And yc= 170 – 121.36
= 48.64 mm
Step 3- Maximum Bending Moment and Moment of
Inertia:
wL2 80 x 80002
M= = = 640 x 106 N-mm
8 8
Let, h1 = Y – Y1 = 121.36 – 160 = 38.64 mm
h2 = Y – Y2 = 121.36 – 75= 46.36 mm
𝐵1 𝑥 𝑑1 3 𝐵2 𝑥 𝑑2 3
I=( + A1 . h12)+( + A2 . h22)
12 12
180 𝑥 203
=( + 3600. 38.642) +
12
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

20 𝑥 1503
( + 3000. 46.362)
12
= (120000+5374978.56) + (5625000 +
6447748.8)
= 17.57 x 106 mm4
Step 4- Maximum Bending Moment
M
σc = x yc
I
640 𝑥 106
= x 48.64
17.57 𝑥 106
= 1771.75 N/mm2
M
σt = x yt
I
640 𝑥 106
= x 121.36
17.57 𝑥 106
= 4420.63 N/mm2
⸫ σmax = 4420.63 N/mm2
d A simply supported beam of span 4.5 m carries
central point load of 32 kN. Draw shear stress
distribution diagram for beam having
rectangular cross-section of 230 mm x 450 mm.
Ans. Given Data:
L = 4.5 m= 4500 mm, F= 32 kN= 32 x 103 N,
b= 230 mm, d= 450 mm.
6
Required:
Shear stress distribution diagram.
Solution:
Step 1- Shear stress at extreme layer:
𝐹.𝐴.𝑌
τ= 𝐼𝑏
32 𝑥 103 . (230 𝑥 450) . 0
= 230 𝑥3003
(( ) .230)
12
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

=0
Step 2- Average Shear Stress:
F
τavg =
A
32 x 103
= = 0.31 N/mm2
(230 𝑥 450)

Step 3- Maximum shear stress:

τmax = 1.5 x τavg
= 1.5 x 0.31
= 0.47 N/mm2
Step 4: Shear stress distribution diagram:

e A rectangular section of 300 mm x 150 mm is

subjected to an axial compressive force of 60 kN
at an eccentricity of 40 mm in a plane bisecting
the thickness. Calculate the resultant stresses at
the base and draw stress distribution diagram.
Ans. Given:
b= 300 mm, d= 150 mm, P= 60 kN= 60 x103 kN,
e= 40 mm.
Required:
σmax, σmin, stress distribution diagram
Solution:
Step 1- Direct Stress:
𝑃 60 x 103
σ0 = = = 1.33 N/mm2
𝐴 (300 x 150)
 SRES’s
Sanjivani K. B. P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon- 423603.
Course Code: 3133308 CLASS TEST-1 EXAMINATION Page No.: /
Model Answer

Step 2-Bending Stress:

6.P.e 6 x 60 x 103 𝑥 40
σb = = = 1.07 N/mm2
db2 (150 x 3002 )

Step 3- Resultant stresses:

σmax = σ0 + σb = 1.33 + 1.07 = 2.4 N/mm2
σmin = σ0 – σb = 1.33 – 1.07 = 0.26 N/mm2
Step 4- Stress distribution diagram: