INTRODUCTION
At the UN Sustainable Development Summit on 25
September 2015, world leaders adopted the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development, which
includes a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) to end poverty, fight inequality and
injustice, and tackle climate change by 2030.
Each goal has specific targets to be achieved over the
next 15 years.
For the goals to be reached, everyone needs to do their
part: governments, the private sector, civil society and
people like you.
WHAT ARE THE SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS?
A set of 17 goals, backed up by a set of 169 detailed
Targets.
Negotiated over a two-year period at the United
Nations.
Agreed to by nearly all the world’s nations, on 25
Sept 2015.
Achievement of all goals to be accessed at every
5 year interval i.e. 2020,2025 and 2030.
HOW ARE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DIFFERENT FROM MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT
GOALS?
• It addresses the root causes of poverty and
the universal need for development that
works for all people.
• The new goals are universal and apply to
all countries, whereas the MDGs were
intended for action in developing countries
only.
A core feature of the SDGs has been the means
of implementation – the mobilization of
financial resources – as well as capacity–
building and the transfer of environmentally
sound technologies.
The new goals recognize that tackling climate
change is essential for sustainable
development and poverty eradication. SDG 13
aims to promote urgent action to combat
climate change and its impacts.
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENTAL
GOALS
-DR. ARIJIT KUNDU
1ST YR PG STUDENT
DEPT OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE
The Goals stimulate action
over the 15 years in 5 areas
of critical importance:
People, Planet, Prosperity,
Peace & Partnership.
NO. GOALS & INDICATORS 2020 2025 2030 TOTAL
1 End Poverty 7 7
2 End Hunger 1 1 6 8
3 Ensure Health and Wellbeing 1 12 13
4 Quality Education 1 9 10
5 Gender Equality 9 9
6 Drinking Water & Sanitation 1 7 8
7 Sustainable Energy 5 5
8 Decent Work & Economic Growth 2 1 9 12
9 Innovation & Infrastructure 1 7 8
10 Reduce Inequality 10 10
11 Sustainable Cities 1 9 10
12 Sustainable Consumption & Production 1 10 11
13 Combat Climate Change 1 4 5
14 Save Oceans, Seas, Marine World 4 1 5 10
15 Save the Forests & Biodiversity 6 6 12
16 Peace and Justice 12 12
17 Build Partnerships 2 17 19
Total 22 3 144 169
1.1
1.2
1.3
7
1.4
Indicators
1.5
1.a
1.b
1.1 For all people everywhere, currently,
measured as people living on less than $1.25 a
day
1.2 By 2030, reduce at least by half the
proportion of men, women and children of all
ages living in poverty in all its dimensions
according to national definitions
1.3 Implement nationally appropriate social
protection systems and measures for all,
including floors, and by 2030 achieve
substantial coverage of the poor and the
vulnerable
1.4 By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in
particular the poor and the vulnerable, have
equal rights to economic resources, as well as
access to basic services, ownership and control
over land and other forms of property,
inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new
technology and financial services, including
micro finance
1.5 By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and
those in vulnerable situations and reduce their
exposure and vulnerability to climate-related
extreme events and other economic, social and
environmental shocks and disasters
1.a Ensure significant mobilization of resources from a
variety of sources, including through enhanced
development cooperation to provide adequate and
predictable means for developing countries, in
particular least developed countries, to implement
programmes and policies to end poverty.
b Create sound policy frameworks, at national, regional
and international levels, based on pro-poor and
gender-sensitive development strategies to support
accelerated investments inpoverty eradication
actions.
• SOURCE: NITI Ayog SDG India Index 2020-2021
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4 8
Indicators
2.5
2.a
2.b
2.c
2.1 By 2030, in particular the poor and people
in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe,
nutritious and sufficient food all year round.
2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition,
including achieving, by 2025, the internationally
agreed targets on stunting and wasting in
children under 5 years of age, and address the
nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant
and lactating women and older persons.
• 2.3 By 2030, Double the agricultural productivity and
incomes of small scale food producers. In particular
women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists
and fishers, including through secure and equal access to
land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge,
financial services, markets and opportunities for value
addition and non-farm employment.
2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production
systems and implement resilient agricultural
practices that increase productivity and
production, that help maintain ecosystems, that
strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate
change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and
other disasters and that progressively improve
land and soil quality.
2.5 By 2020, maintain the genetic diversity of seeds,
cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated
animals and their related wild species, including
through soundly managed and diversified seed and
plant banks at the national, regional and
international levels, and promote access to and fair
and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the
utilization of genetic resources and associated
traditional knowledge, as internationally agreed.
2a. Increase investment, including through enhanced international cooperation, in rural
infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development, and
plant and livestock gene banks to enhance agricultural productive capacity in developing
countries, in particular in lesser developed countries.
2.b. Correct and prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural
markets including by the parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export
subsidies and all export measures with equivalent effect, in accordance with the
mandate of the Doha Development Round.
2.c. Adopt measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets
and their derivatives, and facilitate timely access to market information, including
on food reserves, in order to help limit extreme food price volatility.
• SOURCE: NITI Ayog SDG India Index 2020-2021
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
13
3.8
Indicators
3.9
3.a
3.b
3.c
3.d
• 3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality
ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births.
• 3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborn’s
and children under 5 years of age, with all
countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at
least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-
5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live
births.
• 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS,
tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical
diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne
diseases and other
• 3.4 By 2030,reduce by one third premature mortality
from non-communicable diseases t h r o u g h
prevention and treatment and promote mental health
and well being.
• 3.5 By 2030, strengthen the prevention and
treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic
drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol.
• 3.6 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and
injuries from road traffic accidents.
• 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and
reproductive health-care services, including for
family planning, information and education, and the
integration of reproductive health into national
strategies and Programmes.
• 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including
financial risk protection, access to quality essential
health-care services and access to safe, effective,
quality and affordable essential medicines and
vaccines for all.
• 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of
deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and
air, water and soil pollution and contamination.
3.a. Strengthen implementation of the Framework Convention on
Tobacco Control in allcountries as appropriate.
3.b. Support research and development of vaccines and
medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases
that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to
affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the
Doha Declaration which affirms the right of developing countries to
use to the full the provisions in the TRIPS agreement regarding
flexibilities to protect public health and, in particular, provide access
to medicines for all.
3.c. Increase substantially health financing and
the recruitment, development and training
and retention of the health workforce in
developing countries, especially in LDCs and
Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
3.d. Strengthen the capacity of all countries,
particularly developing countries, for early
warning, risk reduction, and management
of national and global health risks.
• SOURCE: NITI Ayog SDG India Index 2020-2021
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
9
Indicators
5.6
5.a
5.b
5.c
5.1 End all forms of discrimination against all women and
girls everywhere.
5.2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women
and girls in the public and private spheres, including
trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation.
5.3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early
and forced marriage and female genital mutilation.
5.4 Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic work
through the provision of public services, infrastructure
and social protection policies and the promotion of
shared responsibility within the household and the family
as nationally appropriate
5.5 Ensure women's full and effective
participation and equal opportunities for
leadership at all levels of decision making in
political, economic and public life.
5.6 Ensure universal access to sexual and
reproductive health and reproductive rights as
agreed ,in accordance with the Programme of
Action of the International Conference on
Population and Development and the Beijing
Platform for Action and the outcome documents
of their review conferences.
5.a. Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to
economic resources, as well as access to ownership
and control over land and other forms of property,
financial services, inheritance and natural resources in
accordance with national laws.
5.b. Enhance the use of enabling technologies, in
particular ICT, to promote women’s
empowerment.
5.c. Adopt and strengthen sound policies and
enforceable legislation for the promotion of gender
equality and the empowerment of all women and
girls at all levels.
• SOURCE: NITI Ayog SDG India Index 2020-2021
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
8
6.5
Indicators
6.6
6.a
6.b
6.1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable
access to safe and affordable drinking water
for all.
6.2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable
sanitation and hygiene for all and end open
defecation, paying special attention to the needs of
women and girls and those in vulnerable situations.
6.3 By 2030, improve water quality by reducing
pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing
release of hazardous chemicals and materials,
halving the proportion of untreated wastewater
and substantially increasing recycling and safe
reuse globally.
6.4 By 2030, substantially increase water- use
efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable
withdrawls and supply of freshwater to address water
scarcity and substantially reduce the number of people
suffering from water scarcity.
6.5 By 2030, implement integrated water resources
management at all levels, including through
transboundary cooperation as appropriate
6.6 By 2020, protect and restore water-related
ecosystems, including mountains, forests,
wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes
6.a. Expand international cooperation and capacity-
building support to developing countries in water
and sanitation related activities and programmes,
including water harvesting, desalination, water
efficiency, wastewater treatment, recycling and reuse
technologies
6.b. Support and strengthen the participation of local
communities for improving water and sanitation
management
• SOURCE: NITI Ayog SDG India Index 2020-2021
ROLE OF NITI AYOG IN
MONITORING
• NITI Aayog has the twin mandate to oversee the adoption and monitoring of the
SDGs in the country, and also promote competitive and cooperative federalism
among States and UTs.
• SDG India Index and Dashboard was launched in 2018, its third edition was released
for 2020 – 2021.
• The SDG India Index 2020–21, developed in collaboration with the United Nations
in India, tracks progress of all States and UTs on 115 indicators. The 115 indicators
incorporate 16 out of 17 SDGs, with a qualitative assessment on Goal 17, and cover
70 SDG targets.
FRONT RUNNER
Kerala Telangana
Himachal Pradesh Mizoram
Tamil Nadu Punjab
Andhra Pradesh Haryana
Goa Tripura
Karnataka Chandigarh
Uttrakhand Delhi
Sikkim Lakshadweep
Maharashtra Puducherry
Guajrat Andaman and Nicobar Island
Jammu and Kashmir Ladakh
PERFORMERS
Manipur Uttar Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh Assam
West Bengal Jharkhand
Chhattisgarh Bihar
Nagaland Dadra and Nagar Haveli
Odisha Daman and Diu
Arunachal Pradesh
Meghalaya
Rajasthan
CHALLENGES FOR INDIA IN
ATTAINING SDGS-
Defining Indicators:
Past record indicates that we have been not very successful in setting relevant
indicators to measure outcomes.
Quality education has not successfully been defined.
India’s myopic definition of “safe” drinking water (with hand pumps and tube wells
considered as safe as piped water supply) means that official data suggests 86% of
Indians have access to safe drinking water and, as a result, we are “on track” for
the MDG goal on drinking water. However, the number of waterborne diseases and
deaths due to diarrhoea clearly indicate, this is not the case.
CHALLENGES FOR INDIA IN
ATTAINING SDGS-
Financing SDGs:
It is estimated that implementing SDGs in India by 2030 will cost around US $14.4
billion.
Given the recent cut in social sector schemes by the Union government, unless states devote a
significant portion of their resources on the social sector, there is likely to be a significant
funding gap. High growth and redistribution itself are also not enough.
According to the United Nations MDG 2014 report, despite high economic growth, in 2010,
one-third of the world’s 1.2 billion extreme poor lived in India alone. Given these constraints,
it is likely that domestic revenues aside, private finance could be a crucial source for
financing the SDGs.
CHALLENGES FOR INDIA IN
ATTAINING SDGS-
• Measuring Progress: Lastly but most importantly is the question of
measuring progress or achievement. By the government’s own admission, non-
availability of data (particularly in respect to sub-national levels), periodicity
issues and incomplete coverage of administrative data, made accurate
measuring progress of even MDGs virtually impossible.
CHALLENGES FOR INDIA IN
ATTAINING SDGS-
Monitoring and Ownership: Relatedly, a third significant challenge is going
to be with respect to ownership. NITI Aayog will plays a significant role
in tracking progress. However, members at the Aayog have expressed
reservations on being able to take on this mammoth task.
Moreover, if states are expected to play a pivotal role it will require
ownership not just nationally, but also at the state and local level.
• Apart from these 4 challenges, it is important to remember . That while SDGs
provide broad goals and targets, it will be up to the national and state governments to
identify priorities, decide appropriate locally relevant policies, harness innovation
and ensure that an implementation and monitoring is in place.
• Only then we will have any chance in ensuring that the ‘S’ in SDGs also stand for
SUCCESSFUL.
THANKYOU
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