Chavara vidhya bhavan
Mandideep,raisen(mp)
Session (24-25)
Practical file
Information technology -402
Submitted by : submitted to:
Deepanshu Mandal Sapna mam
Class " 10 " 'C’
Roll no. 24
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that ___________ of
Class ______ has successful completed
Practicals of information technology under
Under the guidance of _____________.
____________ _____________
Teacher name _student name
acknowledgement
I would like to express my tnx of gratitude to my
information technogy teacher __________ mam for
Her guidance and support completing my practical
file .
I would also like to extend my gratitude to director
mam and also principle sir for providing all the
facilitys that was required.
Index
[Link]. topic date Teacher’s
Sign-
1 Applying word styles 19/12/24
2 Understanding the file 19/12/24
Tool in ms word
3 What is toc ? 20/12/24
4 What is track changes ? 20/12/24
5 Write inserting an image 21/12/24
in ms word ?
6 Electronic spread sheet 21/12/24
{ advance]
7 Steps to apply subtotals in 21/12/24
excel
8 What is macro ? 22/12/24
9 Creating a bugget 22/12/24
10 Database management 22/12/24
System
PRACTICAL 1
[Link] Styles and Formatting window in a document
using word and apply at least three different style
categories.
1. Open the Styles and Formatting Window
1. Open MS Word.
2. Navigate to the Home tab. 3. Look for the Styles group section
that includes options like Normal, Heading 1, Heading 2, etc.).
4. Click the small arrow at the bottom-right corner of the Styles group to
open the Styles Pane.
2. Apply a Paragraph Style
Definition: Paragraph styles control the overall format
of a paragraph, including alignment, spacing, indentation,
and font.
Steps:
1. Select the paragraph you want to format.
2. In the Styles Pane, choose a pre-defined style like Normal, Heading 1, or
Heading 2.
3. Adjust settings (if needed) by right-clicking the style and choosing Modify.
3. Apply a Character
StyleDefinition: Character styles format specific text elements (e.g., font
type, size, color) without affecting the entire paragraph.
Steps:
1. Highlight the text you want to format.
2. In the Styles Pane, click a style like Emphasis or Strong.
3. Modify it (optional) by right-clicking the style.
4. Apply a Page Style
Definition: Page styles format the overall page layout, including margins,
orientation, and headers/footers.
Steps:
1. Go to the Layout tab in the ribbon.
2. Use options like Margins, Orientation, and Size to adjust the page format.
3. Save these settings for future use as a custom style.
Explanation of the Styles
1. Paragraph Style: Affects text alignment, line spacing, and indentation.
2. Character Style: Alters text appearance (e.g., bold, italic, font).
3. Page Style: Controls the overall layout of the document.
PRATICAL-2
[Link] to Apply the Same Style to Multiple
Sections Quickly
-To apply the same style (e.g., a Character Style) to multiple
sections in a document, follow these steps:
1. Create or Use a Predefined Character Style
Steps to Create a New Character Style:
1. Open MS Word and go to the Home tab.
2. Open the Styles Pane by clicking the small arrow in the Styles
section.
3. Click New Style (at the bottom of the pane).
4. In the dialog box, set the Style Type to Character.
5. Define formatting like font, size, color, bold/italic, etc., and give
the style a name (e.g., "Highlight").
6. Click OK to save it.
2. Apply the Character Style to Multiple
Sections
Steps:
1. Select the first section of text.
2. In the Styles Pane, click the created style (e.g., "Highlight") to
apply it.
3. Use the Format Painter Tool for quick application: Highlight the
text with the desired style applied .Click the Format Painter icon
in the Home tab.
Select other sections of text to apply the same style.
Using Format Painter for Quick Application
1. After applying the character style to one section, click the
Format Painter.
2. Double-click the Format Painter to keep it active for multiple
selections.
3. Highlight all desired sections to apply the same formatting.
[Link] is a Table of Contents
(ToC)?
-A Table of Contents (ToC) is a list of the headings and
subheadings in a document, along with the page numbers where
they appear. It provides an organized overview of the document
structure, allowing readers to navigate sections quickly.
Importance of a Table of Contents
1. Improves Navigation: Helps readers find specific sections or
topics without scrolling through the entire document.
2. Enhances Organization: Shows the structure of the document
at a glance.
3. Professionalism: Adds polish and professionalism to formal
documents like reports, dissertations, and manuals.
Steps to Create a Table of Contents in MS
Word
Use Heading Styles: Before creating a ToC, apply Heading
Styles (e.g., Heading 1, Heading 2) to your sections and
subsections.
Go to the Home tab and select a heading style for each
title or subtitle.
2. Place the ToC:
Click at the position where you want to insert the ToC
(usually after the title or before the introduction).
3. Insert the Table of Contents:
Go to the References tab in the ribbon.
Click on Table of Contents in the "Table of Contents" group.
Choose a built-in ToC style from the dropdown or click Custom
Table of Contents for more options.
4. Customize the ToC (Optional):
In the Custom Table of Contents dialog box, adjust levels, tab
leaders, and format as needed.
Click OK to insert the ToC.
5. Update the ToC (if changes are made to the
document):
Click anywhere inside the ToC.
Select Update Table from the popup menu or ribbon. Choose to
update the page numbers only or the entire table.
Real-Life Scenario for Using a Table of
Contents
Imagine preparing a project report for your science fair
submission titled "Renewable Energy and Its Applications." The
report contains the following sections:
1. Introduction
2. Types of Renewable Energy Sources
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
3. Applications in Daily Life
4. Challenges and Future Prospects
5. Conclusion
Adding a ToC ensures judges or readers can quickly navigate to
specific sections, such as "Applications in Daily Life," without
searching through the entire document.
[Link] is Track Changes in MS Word?
-Track Changes is a feature in MS Word that allows users
to make edits to a document while keeping track of the
changes. These changes are highlighted, showing what
has been added, deleted, or formatted, along with the
editor’s name and timestamp.
Why is Track Changes Used?
1. Collaboration: Enables multiple users to edit and review a
document while retaining visibility of all modifications.
2. Accountability: Tracks who made specific changes and when.
3. Review Process: Allows reviewers to accept or reject edits,
ensuring that the document remains accurate and professional.
Steps to Enable Track Changes
1. Open your document in MS Word.
2. Go to the Review tab in the ribbon
3. Click on Track Changes in the "Tracking" group to turn it on.4. Start
editing your document. All changes (additions, deletions, formatting) will now
be marked in red or another color, depending on your settings.
Sample Content with Track Changes
Original Content:
"Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind are vital for a sustainable
future."
Edited Content (with Track Changes Enabled):
"Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and geothermal are crucial
for a sustainable and greener futur
How to Accept or Reject Changes
1. Navigate to the Changes:
Place your cursor on the specific change or click on the
highlighted text.
2. Use the Review Options:
Go to the Review tab.
In the "Changes" group, you’ll find Accept and Reject buttons.
3. Accept Changes:
Click Accept to approve the modification. The change will be
applied, and the highlighting will disappear.
Use Accept All Changes if you want to accept all tracked changes
in the document.
Click Reject to discard the modification. The text will revert to the
original version.
Use Reject All Changes if you want to discard all modifications.
Real-Life Scenario for Using Track Changes
Suppose you are working on a group project report and multiple
team members are editing the same document. By enabling Track
Changes, each member's edits are visible. During the final review,
you can decide which changes to keep (Accept) and which to
discard
(Reject), ensuring the document is error-free and collaborative.
[Link] for Inserting an Image in
MS Word
1. Open Your Document:
Open the MS Word document where you want to insert the image.
2. Go to the Insert Tab:
Click on the Insert tab in the ribbon at the top of the screen.
3. Choose the Picture Option:
In the Illustrations group, click on Pictures.
Select one of the following options: This Device: To insert an
image saved on your computer.
Stock Images: To use built-in stock images.
Online Pictures: To search for and insert an image from the web.
4. Insert the Image:
Locate the image you want and click Insert.
5. Position the Image:
Once the image is in the document, click and drag it to position it
where needed.
Difference Between Resizing an Image and Text Wrapping.
Steps to Resize an Image
1. Click on the inserted image.
2. Drag one of the corner handles to resize while maintaining the
aspect ratio.
3. Drag a side handle to adjust the width or height only.
Steps to Apply Text Wrapping
1. Click on the image to select it.
following options:
In Line with Text: Treats 2. Go to the Picture Format tab in the
ribbon.
3. Click Wrap Text in the "Arrange" group.
4. Choose one of the the image as a text character.
Square: Wraps text around the square boundary of the image.
Tight: Wraps text closely around the image. -
PRACTICAL – 6
To consolidate and summarize the data in
Excel for calculating the average marks of each
student, you can follow these stes -
Steps to Use Consolidate Feature in
Excel:
1. Open the Workbook: Ensure all three worksheets (Pre Mid
Term, Mid Term, Post Mid Term) are in the same workbook.
2. Prepare the Summary Sheet: Create a new worksheet and
name it Summary.
3. Arrange Data Consistently: Ensure the data in all three
worksheets is structured identically:
Column A: Student Names
Column B: Marks
4. Select the Consolidate Tool:
Go to the Summary worksheet.
Click on Data in the Ribbon.
Select Consolidate from the toolbar.
5. Set Consolidation Parameters:
in the Consolidate dialog box:
Function: Choose Average from the drop-down list.
Add References: For each worksheet, do the following:
1. Click Browse or manually select the data range from the first
worksheet (e.g., Pre Mid Term).
2. Click Add.
3. Repeat this for Mid Term and Post Mid Term.
Check Top Row and Left Column if the data includes headers or
labels.
6. Consolidate Data:
Once all references are added, click OK. The average marks for
each student will appear in the Summary worksheet.
7. Label the Data:
Add proper headers, such as Student Name and Average Marks,
to make the summary sheet clear and easy to read.
Alternative Using Formulas:
If you want to use formulas instead of the Consolidate tool:
1. In the Summary sheet, list all student names in Column A.
2. In Column B, use the AVERAGE function to calculate each
student's average marks:
=AVERAGE('Pre Mid Term'!B2, 'Mid Term'!B2, 'Post Mid Term'!B2)
Drag this formula down for all students.
7. Steps to Apply Subtotals in
Excel:
1. Open the Sales Report: Ensure your data is well-organized
with column headers. For example:
2. Category
Item
Quantity Sold
Price
2. Sort the Data by Category:
Select the entire dataset.
Go to the Data tab in the Ribbon.
Click on Sort.
In the Sort dialog box:
Select "Category" in the Column field.
Choose "A to Z" or "Z to A" for the order.
Click OK.
3. Open the Subtotal Dialog Box:
Still under the Data tab, click on Subtotal.
4. Set Subtotal Parameters:
In the At each change in field, select Category.
In the Use function field, choose Sum.
In the Add subtotal to box, check Quantity Sold.
Click OK.
5. View the Subtotal Results:
Excel will group your data by category and insert subtotal rows
showing the total quantity sold for each category.
A grand total will also appear at the bottom of the dataset.
6. Expand or Collapse Groups:
On the left side of the worksheet, you'll see a grouping outline
with plus (+) and minus (-) symbols. Use these to expand or
collapse the category groups.
7. Format the Subtotal Rows (Optional):
You can highlight the subtotal rows by applying bold text or a
different fill color for better visit.
What is a Macro in Excel?
A Macro in Excel is a set of recorded actions or commands that
can be played back to automate repetitive tasks. Macros are
written in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and can be created
by recording user actions or writing custom VBA code.
Steps to Record a Macro in Excel:
1. Enable the Developer Tab (if not already visible):
Go to the File tab and select Options.
Click Customize Ribbon.
In the right panel, check Developer.
Click OK to enable the Developer tab.
1. Start Recording the Macro:
Go to the Developer tab.
Click on Record Macro in the "Code" [Link] the dialog box that
appears:
Macro Name: Provide a unique name for your macro (e.g.,
FormatReport).
Shortcut Key (Optional): Assign a shortcut key (e.g., Ctrl + M).
Store Macro In: Choose where to store the macro:
This Workbook: Save it only in the current workbook.
Personal Macro Workbook: Make it available for all Excel files.
Description (Optional): Add a brief description of the macro.
Click OK to begin recording.
2. Perform the Desired Actions:
3. Execute the tasks you want the macro to automate (e.g.,
formatting
cells, applying formulas, creating charts, etc.).
Excel will record all actions during this process.
4. Stop Recording:
Once you've completed the tasks, go back to the Developer tab
and click Stop Recording.
5. Test the Macro:
To run the macro, press the assigned shortcut key or:
Go to the Developer tab.
Click Macros.
Select your macro from the list and click Run.
PRACTICAL -9
Steps to Create What-If Scenarios in
Excel:
1. Set Up Your Data:
Create a table for your yearly budget:
In the Total row, use the SUM formula to calculate the
total savings for the year.
2. Open the Scenario Manager:
Go to the Data tab on the Ribbon.
In the Forecast group, click What-If Analysis and select
Scenario Manager.
3. Create Scenarios:
In the Scenario Manager dialog box, click Add to create a
new scenario.
Fill in the details:
Scenario Name: Give a name like "Base Savings" or "High
Savings".
Changing Cells: Select the cells where monthly savings
are entered (e.g., B2:B13).
Click OK.
4. Enter Scenario Values:
Input the savings values for this scenario (e.g., $100 for
all months for "Base Savings").
Click Add to create more scenarios, such as:
"Increased Savings": Enter higher monthly savings (e.g.,
$200).
"Reduced Savings": Enter lower monthly savings (e.g.,
$50).
After adding all scenarios, click Close.
5. View Scenarios:
In the Scenario Manager, select a scenario and click
Show.
The spreadsheet will update to reflect the values for that
scenario, showing how the total yearly savings change.
6. Generate a Summary Report:
In the Scenario Manager, click Summary. Choose the
result cell (e.g., the cell containing the total savings
formula) as the Result .
Click OK to generate a new worksheet with a summary
comparing all scenarios.
Benefits:
Quickly compare different monthly savings plans and
their impact on yearly savings.
Visualize the effect of changes without altering the
original data.
Generate reports for easy analysis and decision-making.
Thank you