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Geography of Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, Khadar

The document describes four distinct geographical regions in the Northern Plains of India: Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar. Bhabar is a narrow belt with wet conditions due to streams, while Terai is swampy and was once forested but has been cleared for agriculture. Bhangar consists of old alluvial soil above the floodplain, and Khadar is a fertile floodplain ideal for agriculture due to its annual sediment replenishment.

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21 views1 page

Geography of Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, Khadar

The document describes four distinct geographical regions in the Northern Plains of India: Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar. Bhabar is a narrow belt with wet conditions due to streams, while Terai is swampy and was once forested but has been cleared for agriculture. Bhangar consists of old alluvial soil above the floodplain, and Khadar is a fertile floodplain ideal for agriculture due to its annual sediment replenishment.

Uploaded by

ranjitnavaneeth
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© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Bhabar: It is a narrow belt, approximately 8 to 16 kilometers wide, that runs

parallel to the Shiwalik range in Uttarakhand, India. The region consists of river
pebbles deposited by streams originating from the mountains. Bhabar is known for
its wet and marshy conditions due to the reappearance of streams in this area.

Terai: Located south of the Bhabar belt, the Terai region has a width of 10 to 20
kilometers. Similar to Bhabar, streams reappear in this region, making it wet,
swampy, and marshy. Originally, Terai was covered with dense forests and supported
a rich wildlife population. However, large-scale clearing of the forests occurred
to accommodate migrants from Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh) and to create
agricultural land.

Bhangar: Bhangar is the largest part of the Northern Plains. It consists of old
alluvial soil that was deposited when the river had a different course in the past.
Bhangar lies above the floodplain and appears like a terrace. Locally, the soil in
this region is known as Kankar.

Khadar: Khadar refers to the floodplain formed by younger alluviums. It is renewed


annually by the deposition of fresh sediments, making the soil highly fertile.
Khadar is ideal for intensive agricultural activities due to its fertility and
regular replenishment.

These different regions in the Northern Plains of India offer diverse geographical
and ecological features, influencing the local ecosystems and human activities such
as agriculture and settlement patterns.

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