A

REPORT

ON

“IT SKILLS LAB - 1”

Submitted to Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University,
Lucknow in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
award of the degree of
Master of Business Administration

Session: - 2024 – 2025

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF SUBMITTED BY

Ms. Mahima mangal Mr. Harsh verma

(faculty of MBA Department) ROLL NO:

1
S.D. COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES,
MUZAFFARNAGAR
(Affiliated to Dr. [Link] Kalam Technical University, Lucknow)

CONTENTS

⦁ PREFACE
⦁ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
⦁ DECLARATION

⦁ Conceptual Framework of Computer ..........................

⦁ Windows and Users Interface.....................................
⦁ Word Processor Software ............................................
⦁ Spreadsheet Software....................................................
⦁ Presentation Software ..................................................

PREFACE

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 In the preparation of this project of IT skills lab 1, I have precisely demarcated
all the important points. I have made my best possible efforts to remove all the
errors. I have included some topics of basic concepts of computer like input
device and hardware components and networking etc. Further this file contains
some topics concerning MS-tools namely Word, Excel, PowerPoint. In these
topics some elements are included which provide details of working of these
tools. The elements included are saving a file, character formatting, use of
functions, adding slides and professional view of presentation etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A formal statement of acknowledgment will hardly meet the end of justice in the
matter of expressing my deep sense of gratitude to all those who help me in
completion of my project. I would like to give special thanks to Mrs. MAHIMA
MANGAL Faculty of SD College of Management Studies, Muzaffarnagar guiding
me from time to time right for giving direction to the research to prepare the report.
She provided me with valuable suggestion and information related to the project and
really co-operated alot during project.

Harsh verma

DECLARATION
I, Harsh verma, student of MBA I semester, SD College of Management
Muzaffarnagar, hereby declare that dissertation report titled “IT SKILLS” is a
record of independent work carried out by me towards the partial fulfillment of
requirement for MBA course from A.P.J Abdul Kalam technical university, Lucknow
at SD College of Management Muzaffarnagar. This has not been submitted earlier
for the award of any degree or diploma.

Signature of the Student: Signature of the faculty:

Harsh verma Ms. Mahima mangal

1st UNIT
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 ⦁ Type of Network
A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables
the computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources,
data, and applications. A computer network can be categorized by its size. A
computer network is mainly of four types:

LAN(Local Area Network)Local Area Network is a group of computers

connected to each other in a small area such as building, office.
LAN is used for connecting two or more personal computers through a
communication medium such as twisted pair, coaxial cable, etc.
It is less costly as it is built with inexpensive hardware such as hubs,
network adapters, and ethernet cables.

The data is transferred at an extremely fast rate in Local

Area Network. Local Area Network provides higher
security.

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MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
⦁ A metropolitan area network is a network that covers a larger
geographic area by interconnecting a different LAN to form a larger
network.
⦁ Government agencies use MAN to connect to the citizens and private
industries.
⦁ In MAN, various LANs are connected to each other through a telephone
exchange line.
⦁ The most widely used protocols in MAN are RS-232, Frame Relay,
ATM, ISDN, OC-3, ADSL, etc.
⦁ It has a higher range than Local Area Network(LAN).

Uses Of Metropolitan Area Network:

⦁ MAN is used in communication between the banks in a city.
⦁ It can be used in an Airline Reservation.
⦁ It can be used in a college within a city.
⦁ It can also be used for communication in the military.
WAN(Wide Area Network)
⦁ A Wide Area Network is a network that extends over a large
geographical area such as states or countries.

⦁ A Wide Area Network is quite bigger network than the LAN.

⦁ A Wide Area Network is not limited to a single location, but it

spans over a large geographical area through a telephone line, fibre
optic cable or satellite links.
⦁ The internet is one of the biggest WAN in the world.

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 ⦁ A Wide Area Network is widely
used in the field of Business, government, and education.
Examples Of Wide Area Network:
⦁ Mobile Broadband: A 4G network is widely used across a region or country.
⦁ Last mile: A telecom company is used to provide internet services to
the customers in hundreds of cities by connecting their home with
fiber.
⦁ Private network: A bank provides a private network that connects the
44 offices. This network is made by using the telephone leased line
provided by the telecom company.

⦁ Input Device
Hardware devices are used to provide instructions or feed data to computer
systems. The instruction or data inserted during this process is called “Input”
while the device used to input the data is known as an input device of a
computer. These input devices of a computer can be further divided into
different categories such as pointing devices, keyboard devices, drawing
devices, recognition devices, etc. Some of the commonly used Input devices
are-

Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the primary input devices which helps in entering data
and commands in a computer or any electronic device by pressing keys. A
keyboard has a different set of keys for letters, numbers, functions, and
characters. A keyboard is connected to a computer system through a USB

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cable (for a wired keyboard) or through Bluetooth (for a wireless
keyboard).

Most of the keyboards are in two sizes, 84

keys or 101/102 keys but nowadays many brands are making keyboards with
104 or 108 keys for Windows.

Mouse
The mouse is a commonly used input device that helps the user to interact
with the computer system through a process called “point and click”. This
hand-held input device is used to move cursor or pointer across the screen. It
works on a flat surface and has left and right button with a wheel in between
to perform the tasks. The left button helps to select items whereas the right
button helps to display the menu. The wheel in between helps to scroll the
page up and down while surfing or reading documents.

Joystick
A Joystick is also a pointing device like a mouse which is widely used to play games
on a computer. Joysticks are made up of a stick with a spherical base wherein the
base is fitted in a socket which allows free movement of the stick. The cursor or
pointer is controlled on the screen through the movement of the stick.

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⦁ Output Device
We have already studied what is an output device and its definition. Now, let
us have a look at the Output Devices of a computer. We know that computers
use output devices to display results or information in different formats,
including text, images, sound, or printed copies. Now let us know the top 10
output devices used for fetching results and information which are known as
the output devices of a computer. Examples of Output Devices are-
Output Devices Examples
There are various types of Output Devices present in the market that have their
functions, merits, and demerits. In this section, we have provided detailed
explanations of some examples of output devices. In this article, we learn
about the different types of output devices and the tasks they perform.

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Monitor
The most general example of an output device is a monitor. It is also known as
a Visual Display Unit (VDU) and the major function of a monitor is to display
the processed data like images, videos, text, audio, etc. A monitor arranges the
microscopic dots known as pixels in a rectangular pattern to make images. The
number of pixels present determines the sharpness of an image.

Monitors are further classified into two types- cathode-ray tubes and flat panel
displays. Cathode Ray Tube: Cathode Ray Tube Monitors use cathode ray
tubes that help to produce images in the form of video signals on the screen.
In short, CRT generates a beam of electrons with the help of electron guns
that strike the inner surface of the phosphorescent of the screen to

generate images.
Flat Panel Display: A flat-panel display uses liquid crystal technology or
plasma to generate output. In such devices, light is passed through liquid
crystals to form pixels. Flat Panel Displays have less volume, weight, and

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power consumption than a CRT.

Printer
Printers are another common example of Output devices. Printers primarily
operate by producing a copy, typically a hard copy or Xerox copy, of the
information transmitted by the computer. The printer receives electronic data
from the computers and produces a hard copy of the processed data. Printers
are divided into two categories which are Impact Printer and Non-Impact
Printer.
⦁ Impact Printer: In impact printers firstly, the characters are printed on
the ribbon which is then smashed on the paper. In other words, we can say that
Impact Printers uses a print head or hammer to print the data on paper. The
hammer or print head strikes an ink ribbon against the paper and the character
starts printing the paper. Some examples of impact printers are:

Dot matrix printer

Daisy wheel printer
Line printer
Chain printer

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⦁ Non-Impact Printers: Non-impact printers do not use any hammer or
print head to strike the ink ribbon. These printers print characters or images
without using ribbons. Non-Impact printers are often known as Page Printers
because they print one full page at a time. Some examples of non-impact
printers are:
⦁ Laser printer

⦁ Chain printer

Projector
The projector is an output device that receives images from a computer and
allows users to project their output onto a large area, such as a screen or a
wall. The computer first sends the signal to a video card which then transmits
the signal to the projector to project the images on the

surface. Projectors magnify texts, photos, and movies using light and lenses.
As a result, it’s an excellent output device for giving presentations or teaching
big groups of people.

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⦁ Operating System
An operating system is the most important software that runs on a
computer. It manages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all its
software and hardware. It also allows you to communicate with the
computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language.
Without an operating system, a computer is useless.
Computer's operating system (OS) manages all of the software and hardware
on the computer. Most of the time, there are several different computer
programs running at the same time, and they all need to access your
computer's central processing unit (CPU), memory, and storage. The operating
system coordinates all of this to make sure each program gets what it needs.
Types of operating systems
Operating systems usually come pre-loaded on any computer you buy. Most
people use the operating system that comes with their computer, but it's
possible to upgrade or even change operating systems. The three most
common operating systems for personal computers are Microsoft Windows,
macOS, and Linux.
Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced
gooey). A GUI lets you use your mouse to click icons, buttons, and menus,
and everything is clearly displayed on the screen using a combination of
graphics and text.
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft created the Windows operating system in the mid-1980s. There
have been many different versions of Windows, but the most recent ones are
Windows 11.
macOS

macOS (previously called OS X) is a line of operating systems created by

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Apple. It comes preloaded on all Macintosh computers, or Macs. Some of the
specific versions include Mojave (released in 2018), High Sierra (2017), and
Sierra (2016).
Linux
Linux (pronounced LINN-ux) is a family of open-source operating systems,
which means they can be modified and distributed by anyone around the
world. This is different from proprietary software like Windows, which can
only be modified by the company that owns it.

⦁ Software
Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers
and execute specific tasks. It is the opposite of hardware, which describes the
physical aspects of a computer. Software is a generic term used to refer to
applications, scripts and programs that run on a device. It can be thought of as
the variable part of a computer, while hardware is the invariable part.
Examples and types of software
Among the various categories of software, the most common types include the
following: Application software: The most common type of software,
application software is a computer software package that performs a specific
function for a user, or in some cases, for another application. An
application can be self-contained, or it can be a group of programs that run the
application for the user. Examples of modern applications include
office suites, graphics software, databases and database management
programs, web browsers, word processors, software development tools,
image editors and communication platforms.
System software: These software programs are designed to run a computer's
application programs and hardware. System software coordinates the activities
and functions of the hardware and software. In addition, it controls the
operations of the computer hardware and provides an environment or platform
for all the other types of software to work in. The OS is the best example of

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system software; it manages all the other computer programs. Other examples
of system software include the firmware, computer language translators and
system utilities.
Driver software: Also known as device drivers, this software is often
considered a type of system software. Device drivers control the devices and
peripherals connected to a computer, enabling them to perform their specific
tasks. Every device that is connected to a computer needs at least one device
driver to function. Examples include software that comes with any

nonstandard hardware, including special game controllers, as well as the

software that enables standard hardware, such as USB storage devices,
keyboards, headphones and printers.
Middleware: The term middleware describes software that mediates between
application and system software or between two different kinds of application
software. For example, middleware enables Microsoft Windows to talk to
Excel and Word. It is also used to send a remote work request from an
application in a computer that has one kind of OS, to an application in a
computer with a different OS. It also enables newer applications to work with
legacy ones.
Programming software: Computer programmers use programming software
to write code. Programming software and programming tools enable
developers to develop, write, test and debug other software programs.
Examples of programming software include assemblers, compilers, debuggers
and interpreters.

2nd Unit
1. Windows Operating System
An Operating System is a group of several GUIs (Graphical User Interface)
families, all of which are developed, sold and marketed by Microsoft.

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The latest version of Microsoft Operating System which is being widely used across
the world is Windows 10.
For conceptual clarity and understanding the context well, candidates are
advised to check out the video given below:
History and Development of Windows
It was 1983 when work on “Interface Manager” was started by Microsoft but it
was in November 1995, when the first Windows 1.0 was introduced. Later on,
with developments in technology, the requirement of the people and increased
demand for Graphical User Interface, Microsoft kept releasing revised
versions of Operating Systems.
The image given below shows the different Microsoft Operating Systems
along with the year in which they were introduced:

Versions of Windows Operating System

Let us understand the different versions of Windows Operating System along
with the features of each of them individually.
⦁ Window 95
⦁ It was the first complete Operating System
⦁ It was released on August 15, 1995

⦁ It merged MS-DOS and Windows products

⦁ It simplified plug and play features

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 ⦁ Taskbar and Start menu was introduced with this Windows OS
⦁ Advanced from 16 bit GUI to 32 bit GUI

⦁ Windows 98
⦁ It was released to manufacturing on May 15, 1998
⦁ It was a 16 bit and 32 bit product based on MS DOS
⦁ It was not an entirely new version but just a tuned-up version to Windows 95
⦁ Internet Explorer 4.01 was released along with this Windows version
⦁ It did not support USB printers or mass storage devices
⦁ An update to this version “Windows SE” was released in 1999

⦁ Windows 7
⦁ It was released on October 22, 2009
⦁ A large number of new features were introduced
⦁ Redesigned Windows shell with an updated taskbar
⦁ Incremental upgrade to the Windows line
⦁ Libraries were added in the file management system
⦁ A few features from the past Windows were removed
⦁ Extended hardware support

⦁ Windows 8
⦁ It was released for retail on October 26, 2012
⦁ Optimisations for touch-based
⦁ Installed in new devices like Laptops, Mobile phones, tablets, etc.
⦁ Increased integration with cloud services
⦁ Windows Store service for software distribution
⦁ Task manager had been redesigned
⦁ New security features were introduced
⦁ Online Applications could be directly downloaded

⦁ Windows 10
⦁ It was released on July 29, 2015
⦁ Addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8
⦁ A virtual desktop system

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 ⦁ It had the ability to run windows store apps within windows on the desktop
rather than in the full- screen mode
⦁ Included new icons

⦁ To reduce storage shortcomings, Windows 10 automatically compresses the file size

⦁ My Computer Icon:

My computer is a Microsoft Windows

feature first found in Windows 95 and included with all later versions that
allows we to explore and manage the contents of our computer drives. The
name My Computer icon in Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, and Windows 7,
as well as the "This PC" icon in Windows 8 and in Windows 10. Although the
name has changed, "This PC" still has the same functionality as "My
Computer." This icon lets we browse through all the resources attached to our
PC.

Types of Icons
System Icons: System Icons are displayed along the left edge of the screen.
These icons are created automatically by windows during its installation.
Examples of some system icons are My Computer, Recycle Bin, My
Documents, Internet Explorer etc.
Shortcut Icons: These are the icons with small arrows in the lower left
corner. Shortcut iconsprovide easy access to some objects on our systems,
such as a program, a document or a printer. The shortcut icons only contain
information about the location of the object but not the object itself.

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Program folder and Document Icons: These are non-system icons without
arrows, and they represent the actual objects they describe. So, if we delete
such an icon, we are deleting the object itself, from the hard disk.

⦁ Notepad
Notepad is a generic text editor included with all versions of Microsoft
Windows that lets you create, open, and read plaintext files with a .txt file
extension. If the file contains special formatting or is not plaintext, it cannot
be read in Notepad or only shows garbage HYPERLINK
"[Link] The image shown
here is a small example of what the Notepad may look like while running.

How to open Notepad

Users using Microsoft HYPERLINK
"[Link] HYPERLINK
"[Link] can open Notepad
([Link]) by following the steps below.
⦁ Press the Windows HYPERLINK
"[Link]
HYPERLINK
"[Link]
HYPERLINK "[Link]
⦁ Type notepad in the search field.
⦁ Click the Notepad program in the search results.
How to create a text file using Notepad
Open Notepad and type the text you want in the file. Once done, save the
file by clicking File and selecting Save. When saving the file, make sure the
file is saved with a ".txt" extension.
or
On the Windows desktop or in any folder, right-click an empty spot. In the
pop-up menu, select New and then Text Document. After this is done, a "New
Text Document" file should appear. Double-click this file to open the text

18
document, or rename the file to help you identify it, and then open the file.
Can you insert a picture in Notepad?
No. Notepad is a plaintext editor and does not support pictures. To insert
pictures, consider using WordPad instead of Notepad. Realize a WordPad
document contains pictures must be saved as an .RTF (rich text file), not
a .TXT (plain text file).
How to change the font in Notepad
When released, Notepad had no font options. However, with the new releases
of Microsoft Windows, there are now font options that allow you to change
the view of how text appears in Notepad.

⦁ Mouse
A computer mouse is a handheld hardware input device that controls a cursor
in a GUI (graphical user interface) for pointing, moving, and selecting text,
icons, files, and folders on your computer. In addition to these functions, a
mouse can also be used to drag-and-drop objects and give you access to the
right-click menu.
For desktop computers, the mouse is placed on a flat surface (e.g., mouse pad
or desk) in front of your computer. The picture shows a Logitech desktop
computer mouse with two primary buttons and a wheel.

What are the uses of a mouse?

Below lists of all the computer mouse functions and options to give you an idea of all

19
the mouse capabilities.
Move the mouse cursor - The primary function is to move the mouse pointer
on the screen. Point - Once the mouse is moved, you can point something out
for another user or point a digital object. For example, in a game you can use
the mouse to point a gun in the direction to shoot.
Open or execute a program - Once you've moved the pointer to an icon,
folder, or another object clicking or double-clicking that object opens the
document or executes the program. Some programs even support tripple-
clicking. See our click page for further information on mouse clicking.
Select - A mouse also lets you select text or a file or highlight and select
multiple files at once. Drag-and-drop - Once something is selected, it can
also be moved using the drag-and-drop method.

Hover - Moving the mouse cursor over objects with hover information
helps discover each object's function. For example, hover the mouse over the
"hover" link to see an example.
Scroll - When working with a long document or viewing a long web page, you
may need to scroll up or down. To scroll, rotate the mouse wheel, or click-
and-drag the scroll bar. The mouse wheel can also be used as a button. See the
IntelliMouse page for further information and functions of the mouse wheel.
Perform other functions - Many desktop mice also have buttons that can be
programmed to perform any function. For example, many mice have two side
buttons on the thumb portion of the mouse. The button closest to the palm can
be programmed to go back to the previously viewed web page in a browser.

⦁ Recycle Bin
Like the Apple's Trash application, the Recycle Bin is where deleted files or
folders are temporarily stored in every version of Microsoft Windows since
Windows 95 HYPERLINK
"[Link] The Recycle Bin
allows users to recover files that were deleted in Windows. It is on the

20
desktop. The image is an example of what the Recycle Bin may look like in
your version of Windows.
Adding an item to the Recycle Bin
When you delete a file or folder HYPERLINK
"[Link] that file or folder is added, or
sent, to the Recycle Bin.
How to open or find what is in the Recycle Bin

To open the Recycle Bin, double-click the Recycle Bin icon on the computer
desktop. If done correctly, a new Recycle Bin window opens showing all of
the files in the Recycle Bin.
Why is the Recycle Bin emptied?
Because files are not removed when they are moved to the Recycle Bin,
they are still taking up hard drive space. Most people empty the Recycle Bin
to gain extra hard drive space and because they're sure they'll never need to
recover the deleted files stored in the Recycle Bin.

3rd Unit
⦁ Saving & Closing file
Saving a file
⦁ Click File > Save As, to save and rename the file.
⦁ Click File > Save All or Ctrl+Shift+S, to save all open files.

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22
Closing a file
⦁ Click File > Close or click , to close the currently open file.
⦁ Click File > Close All, to close all open files.

Note: If you close a file without saving the most recent

changes, a warning message appears querying if you want to
save the file.

⦁ FINDING AND REPLACING TEXT

⦁ Select Replace or press Ctrl + H. ...
⦁ In the Find what box, type the text you want to search for.
⦁ Select Find Next to see where the text appears in your file. ...
⦁ In the Replace with box, type the text you want.

⦁ Select Replace to change the text or select Replace All to change all
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 instances of this text in your file.

3 .FORMATTING TEXT:

Formatting text refers to the editing text, making text attractive and presentable.

User can change text style, text size etc. User can apply bold, italic and underline
options on text.

⦁ You have to select all text before applying text formatting options.
⦁ You can select whole text by using shortcut key Ctrl+A.
⦁ You can use the following steps to select text.
⦁ You can double-click on a word to select it.
⦁ You can triple-click on a paragraph to select it.
⦁ You can use Ctrl+click on a sentence to select it.

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⦁ There are basically two types of formatting:
⦁ Character formatting, and

⦁ Paragraph formatting

CHARACTER FORMATTING
Character formatting is the formatting that we can apply to any single character or to a
group of characters.
It has the following options.
Font: This will decide the appearance of our text.
Font Style: We can make change the text style i.e. Bold, Italic or both.
Size: This increases or decreases the size of the text– the size measured in
points (72 points =1 inch).

Font Color: We can apply colours to the characters or text for printing the final
document. Underline: We can highlight text by using underline option.
Effects: We can also apply different effects to our text. Two most common
effects are Superscript and Subscript. The 2 in 32 is a superscript. To change a
character as superscript, you need to select only that character and click the
box against Superscript. Similarly 1 in T1 is a subscript.

⦁ PARAGRAPH FORMATTING

In MS Word, we can begin new paragraph by pressing enter key. We can

format paragraph by editing its alignment, indentation, paragraph spacing and

25
line spacing.
Some paragraph formatting options are as follows:

Alignment: Alignment refers to the position of text with respect to left and

right margins. There are four alignment options.

Align Left: Align left option places the text to the left margin. We can use
shortcut key (Ctrl+L) for left align.

Center: Center option places the text in the center of the left and right margins.
User can use shortcut key (Ctrl+E) for center align. Align Right: Align Right
option places the text towards the right margin. We can use shortcut
key(Ctrl+R) for right align.

Justify: Justify option places the text in a way that the text is equally
distributed between both the margins. We can use shortcut
key (Ctrl+J) for justify align.

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 ⦁ Table
How to Create a Table?
Tables in MS Word can be created in the following two ways:
⦁ Using the Grid
⦁ Using Table Dialogue Box
Using the Grid
Following are the steps of creating a table using the Grid provided in MS Word:
Step 1: Go to the Insert tab and click on the Table button.

Step 2: In the dropdown menu, select the number of rows and columns from the
Grid.

27
Using Table Dialogue Box
Following are the steps of creating a table using Table Dialogue Box in MS Word:
Step 1: Go to the Insert tab and click on the Table button.

Step 2: Under the grid, you will see an Insert Table button. Click on it.

Step 3: In the Insert Table Dialogue box, mention the number of rows and
number of columns as per the requirement and click on OK button.

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How to Modify a Table?

We can also edit/modify a table to make it more creative. Multiple

operations can be performed on a table like changing the layout, splitting of
cells, merging the cells, applying borders, etc. Here, we will see some of the
operations performed on a table in MS Word.
Changing Layout of a Table
Changing the layout of a table can be done with the help of the following steps:
Step 1: Select the table for which the layout is to be changed. Go to the design tab.

Step 2: Click on the dropdown menu to get various different types of layouts for
your table.

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Step 3: Select any layout as per the need.

4th Unit

Excel

⦁ Delete worksheet:
Open your excel file and on the home tab ,select the sheet you want to
delete .Right-click on the sheet and select “delete” from the drop –down
menu. Alternatively , you can left-click on the sheet and then click on the
“delete” button.

30
What is the shortcut for delete work sheet-
you can also use a keyboard shortcut to delete a sheet by pressing “ctrl”+”
shift”+”F9”.if you want to delete a sheet that contains data ,you can choose to
clean the sheet instead of deleting it outright ,using the “clear” option in the
drop-down mean.

2 .Changing font
It can automatically apply some formatting changes to the text as you type,
such as changing the font size or style. You can adjust these settings by going to
"File" > "Options" > "Proofing" > "AutoCorrect Options" and unchecking any
formatting options
you don't want automatically applied.
Step -1:

31
Step 2: Than write that you want to select.

Step 3: Than select whatever font you want.

Step 4:Than the font will change

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 ⦁ Date and time function
Date and time function are used when working with date ,time and
duration date, and can perform operatins like measuring the number of
days (DATE) between two dates , automatically inputting the current
date (TODAY) or date and time (NOW), merging multiple values into
one date value (DATE), and more.
Here are five ways to tell date and time

1st current date = ctrl +;

33
2nd current time =ctrl+shift+;

3rd current date & time = ctrl +;

34
Dyanmic date &time
⦁ Here we have to use the formula
=NOW() and than enter.

⦁ Current date
Here we have to use the formula =TODAY() and than enter

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 ⦁ Text
The text function lets you change the way a number appears by applying formatting
to it with format codes. It’s useful in situation where you want to display numbers in
a more readable format, or you want to combine numbers with text or symbols.
Step 1:drow your data,

Step 2: and than put the formula =TEXT(value format_text)

Value is the numerical value that we need to convent to text.

36
Step 3: format _text is the format we want apply

Concatenate Formula

37
5th unit
Power point
⦁ Creating slide
. HOW TO INSERT NEW SLIDE IN MS POWER POINT
FIRST OPEN POWER POINT

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SECOND SELECT ANY SLIDE BLANK OR DESIGN

IF WE WABT TO INSERT NEW SLIDE GO TO INSERT TAB

AND INSERT NEW SLIDE

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 ⦁ INSERT PICTURES
⦁ Select where you want to insert the picture on the slide.
⦁ Select Insert > Pictures and where to find the image: This device,
OneDrive, or Bing pictures.
⦁ In the dialog box that opens, browse to the picture that you want to insert,
tap that picture, and then Insert.

INSERT SHAPES, ICONS, AND SMARTART

The Insert tab allows you to add visual appeal to your slides.
⦁ Select Insert > Shapes and in the drop-down select the shape.
⦁ Select Insert > Icons and in the drop-down select the icon.
⦁ Select Insert > SmartArt and in the gallery tap the layout for the
SmartArt graphic you want.
INSERT VIDEOS

⦁ In your web browser, locate the video you want.

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 ⦁ For an online video, copy the URL of the web page from the
Address bar of your browser.
⦁ Switch back to PowerPoint and select the slide where you want to place the video.
⦁ On the Insert tab of the ribbon, select Online Video.
⦁ In the Online Video dialog box, paste the URL you copied in step 2.
⦁ Select Insert.

⦁ PRINTING A PRESENTATION
Print your presentation
⦁ Select the File > Print.
⦁ For Printer, select the printer you want to print to.
⦁ For Settings, select the options you want:

⦁ Slides - from the drop-down, choose to print all slides, selected

slides, or the current slide. Or, in the Slides box, type which
slide numbers to print, separated by a comma.
⦁ Print Layout - choose to print just the slides, just the speaker
notes, an outline, or handouts.
⦁ Collated - choose if you want them collated or uncollated.
⦁ Color - choose if you want color, grayscale, or pure black and white.
⦁ Edit Header & Footer - select to edit the header and footer before
printing.
⦁ For Copies, select how many copies you want to print.
⦁ Select Print.

⦁ Designs:
⦁ Choosing a Design Theme:
⦁ You can change the color scheme, fonts, and effects to match your

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 preferences.
⦁ Slide Master:
⦁ To make global changes to the design, go to the "View" tab
and click on "Slide Master." Open PowerPoint and start a new
presentation.
⦁ Go to the "Design" tab on the ribbon.

Browse through the available design themes and choose one

that suits your presentation.

⦁ Customizing a Design:
⦁ After selecting a design,

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 ⦁ you can customize it by clicking on the "Variant" dropdown in the
Design tab.

⦁ Formatting and editing text

⦁ Text Box Resizing:
⦁ Click and drag the corner handles of a text box to resize it.
⦁ Rotating Text:
⦁ Click and drag the rotation handle (green circle) above a
selected text box to rotate it.

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 Page notes and hangouts in powerpoint
Normal View:
⦁ Open your PowerPoint presentation.
⦁ Click on the "View" tab in the ribbon.

⦁ Select "Normal" to enter the Normal view.

⦁ Notes Pane:
⦁ At the bottom of the screen, you'll see two panes. The larger one
is for your slides, and the smaller one at the bottom is the Notes
pane.

⦁ Click on the Notes pane to type or paste your notes for the selected
slide.

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⦁ Printing Notes:
⦁ If you want to print your notes, go to the "File" tab, select
"Print," and in the Print pane, choose "Notes Pages" under
"Settings."

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